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МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ АЗОТ- И УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ В ПОЧВАХ УРБАНИЗИРОВАННЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

Author(s): Maria V. Medvedeva,Anastasia Vitalievna Mamai,Olga Nikolaevna Bakhmet,Elena Viktorovna Moshkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (172)/2018

Results of the long-term surveys of the microbial transformation of major biophilic elements in soils of urbanized areas are reported. The studies have demonstrated that the soil carbon and nitrogen cycles in urban ecosystems have both specific as well as common features shared with soils of undisturbed forest communities. The composition and structure of the microbial community were within the natural range of variations typical of soils in this climatic zone. Owing to the high informative value of the amino acid pool and basal respiration of the soils, they can be used as an environmental indicator. The range of variations of the microbial metabolic quotient can be recommended as an indicator of an early stage of disturbance of the soil system and changes in the quality of the natural environment. The data can be used as a background for the ecological urban soil monitoring in Eastern Fennoscandia.

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СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПОПУЛЯЦИИ РЯПУШКИ COREGONUS ALBULA ГИМОЛЬСКОГО ОЗЕРА (ЗАПАДНАЯ КАРЕЛИЯ)

Author(s): Denis Sergeevich Savosin,Nikolay Viktorovich Ilmast,Olga Pavlovna Sterligova,Evgeny Sergeevich Savosin,Nikolai Petrovich Milyanchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (172)/2018

Data on the species composition of the fish population of Lake Gimolskoe are provided. The basis of conducted experimental catches consisted of vendace, bream, pike, perch and roach. The largest population in the lake is presented by vendace (Coregonus albula), which by population indices is referred to a small ecological form. The biological parameters of vendace (length, mass, fecundity and feeding) were studied. The comparative analysis of the data shows an increase in the linearly-weight growth parameters of vendace in comparison with the data obtained during previous research. This is probably associated with good feeding conditions, limited anthropogenic impact, and the lack of industrial fishing. The current state of vendace population of Lake Gimolskoe can be considered safe. At present, the waters of the lake are used for recreational fishing only. The reservoir has a high number of vendace and it is the main subject of food for predatory fish species (pike, perch, burbot and pikeperch). Habitation of the only ecological form (small) of vendace makes it possible to use the fish for genetic and biochemical analysis. The obtained results supplement information on the current state of the populations of vendace in various water bodies of Karelia. The results of the studies are needed for the assessment of fish stocks and conservation of coregonid fishes in the region as a whole.

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ЭЛЕМЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ ЗЕЛЕНЫХ МХОВ ФОНОВЫХ И ТЕХНОГЕННО НАРУШЕННЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

Author(s): Tatiana A. Sukhareva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (172)/2018

Data on the chemical composition of green mosses – Pleurozium schreberi and Hylocomium splendens in the forest ecosystems of Murmansk Region, including the territory of protected natural territories – Lapland Biosphere Reserve and Pasvik Strict Nature Reserve were presented. The chemical composition of green mosses in the forests of different types was revealed. The content of mobile macronutrients N, P, K in green mosses is significantly higher in birch forests than in spruce and pine forests. Differences in the elemental composition of mosses growing in the crown protected areas and between crowns were detected. The highest concentration of mobile elements N, K, P, Mg, Cu was observed in current increments; Al, Fe, Ni – in the long-lived shoots. The most significant changes were revealed in the chemical composition of the green moss growing in crown protected areas of spruce forests and birch forests rich in herbs. The background concentration of Ni and Сu in green mosses do not exceed 3 and 7 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of heavy metals (Al, Fe, Ni, Cu) and sulfur in green mosses was increased according to the pollution gradient. In close proximity to the local source of pollution, in sparse forests, the concentration of CA, K, P, Mg, Mn was significantly lower against the background levels. At the same time, the content of carbon and nitrogen was increased.

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ОСОБЕННОСТИ БИОЛОГИИ И ПРОМЫСЛА ЛЕЩА (ABRAMIS BRAMA L.) В НЕКОТОРЫХ ОЗЕРАХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАРЕЛИЯ

Author(s): Nadezhda S. Cherepanova,Vyacheslav A. Shirokov,Andrei P. Georgiev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (172)/2018

Fish resources of inland waters of Karelia are used extremely unevenly. In Karelian lakes and reservoirs, valuable fish species (lake salmon, lake trout, palia, whitefish, and pike-perch) are intensively harvested. At the same time the reserves of bream, roach, perch, ruff and other small-particle fish are almost everywhere underused. The state of the bream population in a number of fishing reservoirs of the Republic of Karelia (Lake Onego, Ladoga, Syamozero, Vygozero and Vodlozero reservoirs) is estimated for the first time in the framework of the forecast topics. The research tasks included: a study of the size-weight, the age composition and the age of the bream puberty; calculation of its abundance and biomass at the present stage; development of the basic strategy of its rational use. The calculations of the bream abundance and biomass are given. The estimation is necessary for the objective solution in fishery regulations and forecasting of the bream catch at this stage. From the data obtained, it was clarified that bream stocks are currently exploited mainly at the expense of its mature individuals within the limits of permissible values. But, despite this, it is necessary to strictly regulate and control the intensity of its fishing, taking into account that this fishery object refers to the type of fish with a long life cycle, which requires special attention when changing the intensity of its fishing.

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НАХОДКИ НОВЫХ И РЕДКИХ ВИДОВ ДЛЯ ЛИХЕНОФЛОРЫ ЗАПОВЕДНИКА «ПАСВИК» (МУРМАНСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ)

Author(s): Gennady P. Urbanavichus,Margarita A. Fadeeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (172)/2018

The Pasvik State Nature Reserve is located in the north-western part of Murmansk Region. The reserve is important for the conservation of lichen diversity because it represents the northernmost, mainly undisturbed old-aged forests of the North-Western European part of Russia. The main goals of the expedition in 2017 was to study the lichen diversity of the old-aged pine and spruce forests and mountain tundra of Kalkupya Mt. Based on the material, collected mainly in 2017 and partially in 2015–2016, 29 species and 4 genera (Athelia, Bryostigma, Leptorhaphis, Sarea) are reported new to the Pasvik Reserve, including 26 lichenized species, 2 lichenicolous fungi, and 1 saprobic fungus. Six species are new to the biogeographic Province Lapponia Petsamoënsis. In addition, eleven rarely collected species are also reported. Detailed characteristics of their localities are presented. The annotated listing of species is given. New localities for six species from the Red Data Books of Murmansk Region and Russia (Arthonia vinosa, Bryoria fremontii, B. nitidula, Chaenotheca gracillima, Chaenothecopsis nigra and Lichenomphalia hudsoniana) are reported. As a result, the reserve accounts for 506 lichenized species, 37 lichenicolous species, and 13 saprobic fungi. Therefore, 42 % of the known species diversity of lichen flora is located in Murmansk Region.

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ОТВЕТНЫЕ РЕАКЦИИ ELODEA CANADENSIS НА ДЕЙСТВИЕ ИОНОВ КАДМИЯ И ЦИНКА

Author(s): Maria G. Maleva,Nadezhda V. Chukina,Galina G. Borisova,Olga V. Sedyaeva,Ksenia A. Panikovskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (172)/2018

A response of the submerged macrophyte (Elodea canadensis Michx.) to the action of toxic metal (cadmium) and biogenic metal (zinc) has been studied in model systems. The separate and combined effect of the sublethal concentration of Cd2+ (100 μmol) and moderate concentration of Zn2+ (50 μmol) on their accumulation, content of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant reactions in the leaves of E. canadensis was investigated. The role of zinc in counteracting the toxic effects of cadmium has been studied. During incubation of plants in a medium with Cd2+, its content in leaves was increased by 780 times in comparison with the control group. The incubation with Zn2+ increased its accumulation by 23 times. Addition of both metals reduced accumulation of Zn2+ by 1,6 times, whereas Cd2+ – 1,4 times. Cadmium ions caused a decrease in the amount of photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanins, soluble protein, and catalase activity, while the activity of superoxide dismutase and the content of soluble protein thiols (per mg of protein) increased. Zinc ions caused degradation of chlorophylls, but stimulated the process of synthesis of carotenoids and anthocyanins in the leaves of E. canadensis. Adding zinc to the medium with cadmium reduced the toxic effect of the latter. This phenomenon is probably conditioned by the inhibition of Cd2+ accumulation in the presence of Zn2+, as well as by the ability of this biogenic metal to inhibit oxidation of biomolecules and, consequently, further generation of reactive oxygen species.

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ДИНАМИКА ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПОЧВЕННОГО ПЛОДОРОДИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ УГОДИЙ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАРЕЛИЯ

Author(s): Zinaida P. Kotova,Sergei E. Kotov,Larisa A. Kuznetsova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2 (163)/2017

The value of the land as the main area of agricultural production is determined by the level of its fertility or ability to meet the needs of the plants for nutrients, warmth, water, and light. The assessment of the value is conducted to guarantee production of the high yield of crops per unit area. The productivity of agricultural territories is assured by the comprehensive assessment and consideration of all agro-climatic and environmental factors necessary for the normal growth and development of plants. Therefore, a complex of monitoring procedures on the level of soil fertility in a particular farming sector should be conducted to secure promotion of the agro-technical, agrochemical, and ameliorative technologies. Together with other measures they address the need to improve agrochemical, physical, water-physical, and biological properties of the soils in agricultural lands in focus. The process of monitoring agricultural lands of Karelian State Agricultural Experimental Station on the level of soil fertility is conducted to assess all occurring changes in fertility indicators. The survey was carried out in two stages (2008–2012) after all operations of the experimental production facility were terminated. Regardless of the significant decrease in the intensity of agricultural lands’ exploitation, no reduction in soil fertility according to such agrochemical indicators as acidity, content of available phosphorus, and organic matter content was revealed. The stocks of exchangeable potassium decreased marginally (0,1 mg 100 g-1 soil). In terms of the content of major nutrients the soil of regional farmlands appears to be highly-cultivated with the possibility to produce heavy yields of cultivated crops.

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ОЦЕНКА ДИНАМИКИ КАЧЕСТВА ВОД РЕКИ НЕГЛИНКИ (КАРЕЛИЯ) С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ КОМПОНЕНТНОГО АНАЛИЗА

Author(s): Irina M. Dzyubuk,Natalya A. Orekhova,Elena A. Klyukina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2 (163)/2017

The article is concerned with the problem of small rivers’ pollution. Materials reflecting dynamics of Neglinka water quality are presented. The river flows through the territory of the city of Petrozavodsk (Republic of Karelia). Comprehensive results of the water analysis conducted in 2013 and 2014 are provided. The study of the water quality was based on ten hydrochemical indicators. The obtained results take into consideration both the seasons and locations of the places where the samples were taken from. It was proven that during the transit through the city territory the water quality of the river worsened: five from ten studied indicators exceeded the Mac values. A statistical assessment, based on the principles of component analysis, helped to reveal certain dependences between different hydrochemical indicators. It was concluded that the process of monitoring waters of the river Neglinka should be continued.

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СОСТАВ И СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ЗООПЛАНКТОНА РУЧЬЯ ВЕРХОВОГО БОЛОТА

Author(s): V.L. Zaytseva,Dimitry A. Filippov,Ekaterina V. Lobunicheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2 (163)/2017

The obtained research results of the three-year study (2012–2014) of the bog stream zooplankton found in Shichengskii mire (Vologda Region, Russia) are presented. In total, 52 species were discovered (22 – Rotatoria, 18 – Cladocera, 12 – Copepoda). Phytophilic and acidophilic species were prevalent: the maximum richness of species was observed at the end of the summer season and at the beginning of the fall. The maximum level in the number of species was recorded in July–August of every year due to a strong increase in the growth of Cladocera. At the same time, cyclops were dominant in the coenosis during the most part of the vegetation season. The dominant complex was formed mainly by eurybiontic species. The average values of zooplankton abundance and biomass in the bog stream in focus were significantly higher when compared to small rivers of non-mire origin.

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СОДЕРЖАНИЕ И ПОДВИЖНОСТЬ МЕДИ, ХРОМА И НИКЕЛЯ В ГУМУСОВЫХ ГОРИЗОНТАХ ПОЧВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН

Author(s): Stanislav S. Ryazanov,Dmitry V. Ivanov,Valentina I. Kulagina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (177)/2018

A geochemical survey and contamination levels assessment of humus horizons for different land use types (natural, agricultural and urban) was carried out in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The regression trees method was used to evaluate the dependencies of heavy metals content and mobility on the content of organic matter, physical clay, Fe, Mn, and soil pH. The regional background level of metals was estimated using the samples of natural zonal soils and amounted to 16.4 ± 7.8 mg/kg for Cu, 23.3 ± 12.7 mg/kg for Cr and 29.8 ± 18.8 mg/kg for Ni. The geochemical zones of elevated Ni and Cu content were observed in the eastern Zakamskaya and Bugulminskaya soil-climatic zones of the Republic of Tatarstan. Elevated Cr content was observed in the eastern part of the Predkamskaya, north-western part of the Predvolzhskaya and the Bugulminskaya soil-climatic zones. Cr content in agricultural soils was elevated comparing to natural soils. Significant copper pollution was observed in the soil samples collected in the cities of Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny and Almetyevsk. Copper and nickel showed similar structures of geochemical interactions. The total content of Cu and Ni increases with increasing Mn content. The mobility of Cu and Ni in the topsoil was controlled by Fe content. The content and mobility of Cr was determined by its siderophilic properties.

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КАЛЕНДАРЬ ПЫЛЕНИЯ АЛЛЕРГЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ г. ПЕТРОЗАВОДСКА

Author(s): Nadezhda A. Elkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (177)/2018

The article presents the results of long-term aeropalynological monitoring in the territory of Petrozavodsk using the gravimetric method. The average duration of the pollen season in Petrozavodsk is 18 decades – from the beginning of April to the end of September. The maximum content of allergen pollen in the city air was recorded in May and June – from 50 % to 71 % of the annual amount of allergenic pollen. In the aeropalynological spectrum of Petrozavodsk, the pollens of the following 8 trees and 6 herbaceous taxa have allergenic properties: Alnus Mill., Betula L., Pinus L., Populus L., Salix L., Ulmus L., Fraxinus L., Tilia L., Plantago L., Chenopodium L., Rumex L., Artemisia L., Urtica L. and Poaceae Barnh. Based on the results of the study, an average pollen calendar for Petrozavodsk was compiled. The local pollen calendar can be used by allergists to clarify the reasons for pollinosis, as well as to draw up recommendations on the greening of urban areas.

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БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СИГОВЫХ ВИДОВ РЫБ ОЗЕРА ТУЛОС (ЗАПАДНАЯ КАРЕЛИЯ)

Author(s): Nikolay Viktorovich Ilmast,Olga Pavlovna Sterligova,Nikolai Petrovich Milyanchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (177)/2018

Coregonid fish are valuable commercial species in northern freshwater ecosystems. The relevance of the work is determined by the decrease in their stocks as a result of human activities. The aim of the study was to study the biology of coregonid species in Lake Tulos (Republic of Karelia) and assess the lake in terms of its fisheries management. The assessment of the lake ecosystem is given. It is shown that the reservoir belongs to the alpha-oligotrophic type. The fish population of the lake is represented by 14 species. The paper presents the data on the state of coregonid species in the water body. The fish of the family Coregonidae in Lake Tulos are represented by European vendace Coregonus albula and whitefish C. lavaretus. The vendace of Lake Tulos belongs to the small form, with the growth rate close to that of the small forms from other lakes in Karelia. In terms of the number of gill rakers, two ecological forms of whitefish inhabit the lake: a medium-rakered form (29–37 rakers) and a densely rakered form (47–60 rakers). The fishes differ significantly by all biological indicators. It is noted that the complexity of the ichthyofauna of northern ecosystems is achieved not only by the number of species, but also by the abundance of various ecological forms. To preserve the species diversity of this water body fish population it is advisable to introduce regulated fishing on it.

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НАУЧНОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ПО ПОВЫШЕНИЮ ПЛОДОРОДИЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬ НА СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДЕ РОССИИ

Author(s): Tatiana A. Danilova,Elena N. Pasynkova,Mihail V. Arkhipov,Svetlana M. Sinitsyna,Yuri A. Tyukalov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4 (165)/2017

The land was and still remains the main means of production in agriculture. From its quantity and fertility depends food independence of countries and regions, and welfare of the population. Therefore, the issue of preserving and improving soil fertility is very relevant, since it is directly related to the productivity of farmed crops and; therefore, determines the possibility of creating conditions for import substitution of food in our country. At present, the work on the problem of soil fertility conservation is reduced to nothing: there is no work on drainage and liming; the use of organic and mineral fertilizers is reduced. The article reflects the main results of the latest scientific achievements on the problems of enlargement and reproduction of soil fertility. The study presents a list of the latest methods, preparations, and fertilizers developed by the scientists of the North-Western region of Russia. The ways to overcome the situation in agricultural production, related to the improvement of scientific support of farming problems, extension of fundamental scientific research and combination of the efforts of scientific institutions of the RAS and universities in the region are proposed.

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ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ FESTUCA RUBRA L. В ФИТОРЕМЕДИАЦИИ: КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ТЕХНОГЕННОГО ГРУНТА НА РАСТЕНИЕ

Author(s): Marina V. Slukovskaya,Elena V. Novichonok,Irina P. Kremenetskaya,Irina A. Mosendz,Svetlana V. Drogobuzhskaya,Evgeniya Fedorovna Markovskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4 (165)/2017

The problem of phytoremediation of territories exposed to the influence of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises is currently extremely hot. Results of the study reflecting the influence of the soil of technogenic wasteland on selected parameters of the red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), which is a metal-tolerant species of cereals, are presented in the article. The samples of technogenic soils were taken near the copper-nickel combine (Monchegorsk, Murmansk region, Russia). The experiment consisted of 4 series, where the red fescue was grown on such substrates as technogenic soils, a mixture of the soils with control peat in the ratio 1:1 and 1:3, and control peat. The studied parameters included: the chemical composition of plants and soils (forms available to plants), the height and the weight of plants, the fluorescence of chlorophyll a, the content of photosynthetic pigments. The total copper content in the technogenic soil was 6,4 g/kg, nickel 1,6 g/kg. This peat was highly toxic. The plants did not sprout in such conditions. The content of elements in the soil in other series of experiments depended on the concentration of technogenic components and the pH value-directly proportional to Cu, Ni and other heavy metals and was inverse proportional for K, P, Mg, Ca. Fescue leaves in the series with 50 % addition of the technogenic soil contained heavy metals in extremely high concentrations – 300 mg/kg for nickel and 190 mg/kg for copper. The addition of the anthropogenic soil in the ratio 1:3 strengthened the growth processes, which led to an increased accumulation of the biomass and a rather high activity of photosynthetic apparatus.

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СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО АППАРАТА РАСТЕНИЙ СЕМЕЙСТВА PYROLACEAE В ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ МЕСТООБИТАНИЯХ

Author(s): Nadezhda V. Chukina,Natalia V. Lukina,Galina G. Borisova,U. S. Yarina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4 (165)/2017

The aim of this work was to study the structural and functional parameters of the photosynthetic apparatus in some plants’ species of the Pyrolaceae family growing in the transformed ecosystem (the ash dump of Verkhnetagilskaya State District Power Plant, Sverdlovsk Region). The objects of the research: Pyrola rotundifolia L., Pyrola media Sw., Pyrola chlorantha Sw., Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Barton. The following parameters were studied: the area and the leaf blade thickness, the mesophyll and epidermis thickness, the volume and number of mesophyll and chloroplast cells, and the photosynthetic pigments’ content. The comparative analysis of the analogous parameters in the same species of Pyrolaceae from natural habitat (biological station of the Ural Federal University) was carried out. The research did not reveal any significant differences in the studied species from the natural and technogenic habitats: in the leaf blade area and thickness, in the mesophyll and epidermis thickness, and in the volume of cells. In most cases, an increase (by 56 %) in the number of chloroplasts per unit leaf area and chlorophyll b content (2−5 times) was noted in plants on technogenic substrates. The content of carotenoids in plants at the ash dump was significantly lower (on an average 2 times) than in the natural habitat, but the ratio characterizing the proportion of the antenna forms of photosynthetic pigments did not change. The research allows us to conclude that the studied species successfully adapted to technogenic habitat.

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РОСТ И НАКОПЛЕНИЕ МАССЫ POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE В ЛЕСНОМ ПОЯСЕ ХИБИН

Author(s): Olga V. Ermolaeva,Natalia Yu. Shmakova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The productivity (linear and weight increments) of Polytrichum commune in Khibiny mountains forest belt is estimated. The annual increment in 2013–2016, depending on the habitat, amounted to 30–46 mm/year and to 11–23 mg/year in dry mass. The length and the mass increments are the largest in the forest meadow. The linear and the weight increments during vegetation periods occur simultaneously but at different rates. A period with the ultimate growth rate can occur at any time of the growing season and depends on the temperature regime at the beginning of the vegetation period. It was revealed that the transition to this period was noted after the accumulation of a certain effective temperature sum. A high growth rate of the stem was observed at the air temperature of 11–18 °C and precipitations of 0,5–2,5 mm per day. At the end of August the linear growth of the plant slowed down. The autumn growth processes are connected with the increasing mass increment;

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СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ МАКРОЗООБЕНТОСА В ГЛУБОКОВОДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ОНЕЖСКОГО ОЗЕРА

Author(s): Anastasia I. Sidorova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The modern state of Onego Lake macrozoobenthos during the last 15 years was assessed. The macrozoobenthos taxonomic composition of Onego Lake was studied. In the structure of bottom communities, 32 taxa of one rank below the genus were found in 2014; 26 taxa were registered in 2015. Amphipods and oligochaetes, as well as Chironomid larvae prevail by the frequency of occurrence and general biomass.

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ВЛИЯНИЕ ОБРАБОТКИ ЦИРКОНОМ НА РОСТОВЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ И СВЕТО-ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫЕ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ СО2-ГАЗООБМЕНА РАСТЕНИЙ ТИМОФЕЕВКИ ЛУГОВОЙ С. ВИК 9

Author(s): Lidia V. Timeiko,Ekaterina S. Holoptseva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The results of the investigations of the effect of different concentrations of zircon preparations on the growth parameters and CO2-gas exchange of Timothy meadow s. VIC 9 plants are provided. It was shown that in the studied range of concentrations (1×10-1...1×10-9) presowing treatment of the seeds at the initial stage of development can stimulate or inhibit the process of germination and significantly enhance the growth of Timothy grass starting from the time of tillering. This effect depends on the concentration of active substances and is maintained throughout the experiment. Besides that, the treatment with growth regulators slightly reduces the intensity of the maximum and the optimum of the net photosynthesis in plants, raising their lability to light and temperature conditions by expanding the boundaries of the optimum in the studied environment parameters. A change in the ratio of the gross photosynthesis and respiration caused by the reduction of the respiratory component was noted.

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ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ТЕСТ-ОРГАНИЗМОВ К МИНЕ- РАЛЬНЫМ ФОРМАМ АЗОТА

Author(s): Anna S. Olkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

Modeling of the natural drinking water pollution with mineral forms of nitrogen (ammonium ions, nitrate ions, nitrite ions) was carried out. The modeled waters were tested using D. magna, C. affinis, P. caudatum, the “Ecolum” test system to determine the series of sensitivity of test-organisms to nitrogen contamination. It is shown that 5 and 10 MPC of all nitrogen forms studied did not exert acute toxic effect on D. magna, but significantly inhibited the fecundity of individuals after 24 days of the experiment. In the bioassay on the oppression of the fertility of C. affinis, the effect of similar doses of nitrate and nitrite ions was more significant: a decrease in the index up to 3,8 times was observed. The effect of ammonium ions at doses of 5 and 10 MPC for C. affinis was lethal. In the dose range of 25–100 MPC, the effects for the lower crustaceans D. magna and C. affinis were lethal according to the acting ion. For bacteria “Ecolum” 5 and 10 MPC, nitrate and nitrite ions exerted a stimulating effect on the bioluminescence, and only the action of ammonium ions significantly inhibited the test function (group III toxicity).

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РЕЦ. НА КН.: РАСТЕНИЯ И ЛИШАЙНИКИ МУРМАНСКОГО ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ БАРЕНЦЕВА МОРЯ: (ПОЛЕВОЙ АТЛАС

Author(s): Tamara Yu. D’yachkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

Review of: D’yachkova T. Yu. - Растения и лишайники Мурманского побережья Баренцева моря : (полевой атлас) / Е. Ф. Марковская [и др.] ; Мин-во образования и науки Рос. Федерации, Федер. гос. бюджет. образоват. учреждение высш. образования Петрозавод. гос. ун-т. – Петрозаводск : Издательство ПетрГУ, 2016. – 191, [1] с. : ил.

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