AĞRI İBRAHİM ÇEÇEN ÜNİVERSİTESİ KAMPÜS BİLGİ SİSTEMİ

Author(s): Tolga Korkusuz,Mustafa Özdemir,Şeniz Şensoy / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Special/2016

It got easier to reach data in technologically developing World. Reaching to the information by internet world became almost the only way. However, these oppourtunities that served by globalisation cannot be felt in new institutions. Moreover, in new universities, data of new buildings constructed parallel to university’s growth and data of new openned units, are always in a change. Due to, it gets harder to reach these data. With the design of Agri Ibrahim Cecen University Campus Information System, university personnel management, facility management and especially planning for the future will be created right. In this study, Geographic Information Systems were used and data of university (personnel, student, classes, physical geographic data) were processed in ArcMap software.

Armiero, Marco, (2021). Wasteocene. Stories from the Global Dump.

Author(s): Irena Borić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Review of: Armiero, Marco, (2021). Wasteocene. Stories from the Global Dump. Cambridge Elements. Elements in Environmental Humanities, Cambridge University Press.

Around the Bloc: Ancient Monuments Mapped on Kazakh Steppe

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 11/10/2015

Giant designs traced out by earth mounds could be thousands of years old.

Aspecte privind conceptele şi practicile de planificare urbană integrată în Franţa

Author(s): Lilian Cîrnu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Aspects regarding the trend of the average annual, seasonal and monthly drainage of river water from the Căliman Mountains in the period 1950-2010

Author(s): Hirlav Costin / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The Căliman Mountains are the highest volcanic mountains in Romania, being positioned on the western side of the Eastern Carpathians, between their central strip (north and east), south – the Harghita Mountains, and west – the Transylvanian Depression. This positioning gives special features of the water drainage, with both spatial and temporal differentiations. This paper analyzed the trend of average drainage from rivers in the studied group for the period 1950-2010, both multi-annually and seasonally and in the extreme months; the months taken into account being those with the lowest flows (January), respectively the largest (May). To evaluate the mentioned parameters, we used the help of Excel MAKESENS (Mann-Kendall test for trend and Sen’s slope estimates), which identified the type of drainage trend (positive or negative), and using the Sen nonparametric method to estimate the slope of the trend. Based on the type of trend obtained, 9 trend classes were obtained, and with the help of the slope, the net change rate was obtained.

ASSESSEMENT OF THE MINING PRACTICES EFFECTS ON THE WATER QUALITY IN THE IBAR RIVER WITHIN THE LEPOSAVIĆ MUNICIPALITY

Author(s): Gordana Milentijević,Blagoje Nedeljković,Jelena Đokić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

Exploitation, development and primary extraction of the minerals result in release of theharmful substances, e.g. heavy metals, toxic gases, dirt, etc, that are often uncontrolled deposit inthe environment. Those deposited and overlooked substances remain as a heritage and challengefor the coming generations that would involve abundant human, technical and financial resourcesfor the environmental reclamation. The mining activities of the Trepča – RIF Kopaonik has bothpositive and negative influences within the Leposavić municipality, i.e., industrial development andenvironmental degradation. As a result of the mining activities the air, land and water resources bothsurface and underground are severely polluted. The main objective of this paper is to present adverseeffects of the mineral resources (lead and zinc) exploitation and primary extraction on the Ibar Riverwater quality degradation mainly by heavy metals. Since the heavy metals are frequently ingestedby the people through the food chain and given the high toxicity of them they are crucial parametersfor the water quality monitoring practices that should be carefully assessed and controlled. Thus thispaper includes comprehensive analyses of the heavy metals concentration (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd and Fe)in the Ibar River within the Leposavić municipality.

ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY DURING THE FLOODS IN MAY 2014, SERBIA

Author(s): Dejana Jakovljević / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Floods are considered to be the most common natural disaster which causes more destructive effects than other natural disasters including loss of human life, property and infrastructure damage, as well as a negative impact on social and economic development. Besides these consequences, floods also affect water quality. The aim of this paper is to present water quality impairment caused by the floods in Serbia in May 2014. The parameters of water quality were measured 13 times in 2014 (12 ordinary monthly measurements and one extraordinary measurement during the flood) in hydrological stations Ostružnica and Šabac (on the river Sava) and Badovinci (on the river Drina). The Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI) was used for water quality assessment. This method calculates the overall water quality and the water quality for specific conditions and purposes including: drinking, aquatic habitats, recreation, irrigation, and livestock. Water quality decline was recorded in all the stations in overall water quality as well as for specific uses. Turbidity and heavy metals values were tens of times higher than normal ranges. The most drastic example was Al with the values which were thousand(s) of times higher than the objective.

Assessment of flood runoff and land cover changes in the Căinari river basin

Author(s): Ana Jeleapov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The present research is dedicated to assessment of flood runoff of the Căinari river situated in the northern part of the Republic of Moldova. A special attention is paid to evaluation of flood runoff temporal and spatial distribution and its changes due to different factors. Direct and indirect methods were used in order to perform the research tasks. General and statistical analysis was applied to estimate temporal evolution, trends, cycle fluctuations and to calculate statistical parameters and values of different return period of the Căinari river flood runoff characteristics measured at Sevirova station (1954-present). Spatial distribution of flood runoff and its changes due to land use management activities from the last 3 decades was performed using SCS-CN model. Analysis of temporal dynamics shows that in the last 60 years the trend of peak discharges is decreasing while the one of flood runoff depth is slowly increasing. Main flood runoff characteristics are: average peak discharge - 16.3 m3 /s, depth - 4.41 mm, volume - 3.6 mln. m3 , total duration - 9.0 days. Flood events monthly distribution is as follows: June – 34 %, July – 25 %, May – 14 %. Flood runoff modeling was performed for ungauged tributaries of the Căinari river in condition of equal rainfall of 100 mm, land cover for 1982 and 2013 and 3 soil moisture conditions: dry, wet and average. Average modeled flood runoff values are 58 mm, 28 mm in case of dry soil and 84 in case of wet soils. General dynamics shows that for the last 3 decades the flood runoff has slightly decreased due to increasing grassland and orchards areas and decreasing share of arable land.

Assessment of land use changes and landscape fragmentation in the tourism area of Cacica and Vatra Dornei

Author(s): Vasilică-Dănuț Horodnic,Petruț-Ionel Bistricean,Dumitru Mihăilă,Vasile Efros / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This paper is intended to evaluate the effects of the development of anthropogenic activities on changes in the way of land is use and in the fragmentation of the landscape in the tourism areas of Cacica and Vatra Dornei (Suceava county). The proposed methodology includes the combination of geographic and cartographic data available, geographic information systems and landscape metrics. Using patches as landscape elements, a series of two-level (class and landscape) hierarchical landscape metrics were chosen to quantify the surface, number and size of landscape units that define the surveyed territory, homogeneity or diversity of the landscape. The ArcGis 10.2.2 software was employed to present the spatial distribution of land use changes over the 22 years (1990-2012) following the processing of the database provided by the European CORINE Land Cover project. The statistical results of the landscape metrics were obtained using the FRAGSTATS 4.2.1 software. The results highlight that, in Cacica landscape, the spatial pattern of land use and cover was dominated by a broadening of agriculture and semi-natural areas to the detriment of artificial surfaces and forests lands. On the other side, in the case of Vatra Dornei, the most prominent landscape changes were represented by afforestation and urbanization. The present study reveals a decrease of fragmentation for Caccia and an increase of fragmentation for Vatra Dornei which obviously contributed to the modification of the local landscape structure. Therefore, research findings underline the importance of supporting the geo-diversity of landscapes as they can provide additional tourist income and support the proper use of land.

Assessment of marl properties effect on sediment and runoff rate at different rainfall intensity under field rainfall simulator

Author(s): H. R. Peyrovan,S. Feiznia,S. H. Hosseini / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2009

The objective of this study is to assess the effect of physical and chemical properties of Marl's formations on sediment and runoff rates at different rainfall intensities, based on using field rainfall simulator. For this purpose, first Marl's formations (Neocene's units) were separated to five units including Halite siltstone(NgSiH), Siltstone (NgSi), Mudstone (gy1C), Gypsum mudstone (gy1CG) and Halite clay stone (gy2CH), based on physical and chemical properties. Then runoff and sediment rates were determined in each unit at two intensities (30 and 60 mm/h) using rainfall simulator. Analysis of variance and Duncan's tests showed that Halite siltstone unit has produced the highest amount of runoff and sediment rates and then the runoff and sediment rates of other subunits in decreasing order are as follows: Siltstone, gy2CH, gylCG and gy1C are 5% significant level. The trend of induced runoff and sediment rates at different times showed that in Halite siltstone and Siltstone units the runoff amounts were fixed rapidly at 2nd ten minutes. And, on the other units, the runoff amounts were fixed at 3rd ten minutes and sediment yield was increased rapidly at 3rd ten minutes.

ASSESSMENT OF SHORELINE POSITIONAL UNCERTAINTY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES: A CASE STUDY FROMTHE EAST COAST OF INDIA

Author(s): Kongeswaran Thangaraj,Sivakumar Karthikeyan / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The focus of this research was to assess the shoreline changes by comparing the satellite data from 1980 to 2020. The study area falls in the region between Kodiakarai and Nagapattinam of the east coast of India, which has frequently been distressed by storm surges and cyclones in the Bay of Bengal. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System(DSAS) detects and measures the erosional and accretional shoreline positions through the statistics of the Shoreline Change Envelope, Net Shoreline Movement, End Point Rate, Linear Regression Rate, and Weighted Linear Regression. The results show that the shoreline from Kodiakkarai to Nagapattinam suffered severe erosion of 17.7% in total with an average annual erosion rate of 3.4 m/year from 1980 to 2020 and the rate of erosion ranged between 0.1 m/year to 19.8 m/year. About 90.5% of the total shoreline was faced high erosion during the period between 2000 and 2010.The maximum erosion was about 1061 m from 2000 to 2010, the maximum accretion was found to be 1002 m in transects at Kodiakkarai during 2010 to 2020. After the effect of 2004 tsunami, the corresponding changes in littoral currents caused the drastic erosion and accretion in this shoreline. The DSAS prediction model shows that 19.3% of the current shoreline will erode in 2030. The maximum predicted erosion is 406 m at Kodiakkarai and the maximum predicted accretion is 148 m at Nagapattinam region. The coastal zone from Kodiakkarai to Nagapattinam needs special attention to prevent the erosion and it is recommended to build suitable coastal protection structures along the coast for sustainable development and to execute the coastal zone management for this region.

ASSESSMENT OF THE RIVER HABITAT QUALITY IN UNDEVELOPED AREAS OF SERBIA APPLYING THE RHS (RIVER HABITAT SURVEY) METHOD

Author(s): Marko Urošev,Ana Milanović,Dragana Milijašević / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2009

Paper’s main goal is to establish “RHS reference site”, which will be the basis for future classification of river habitat quality in other regions of Serbia. River habitats in Golijska Moravica and Jerma basin have been assessed and classified by RHS method, and reference values are determined (which would serve for the next research of river habitats in Serbia). In Golijska Moravica and Jerma basin semi–natural and predominantly unmodified habitats with high diversity are dominant. If we compare HQA index of Moravica and Jerma with HQA indexes in some European countries (Austria, Germany) of same river type (small, shallow mountain rivers)we can conclude that sites in Moravica and Jerma basin have higher habitat diversity. Within river basins there are spatial differences of HQA index value. River sites in Moravica and Jerma basin have lower values of HMS index than sites in European countries. The impact of individual characteristics on total HQA and HMS score is also determined in this paper.Results of this paper are important for conservation of natural habitats, for river basin management plans and to estimate environmental impact of future water management activities in these basins.

Assessment of the soil loss caused by riverbank erosion in Serbia

Author(s): Marko Langović,Slavoljub Dragićević,Ivan Novković,Nenad Živković,Radislav Tošić,Boban Milojković,Zoran Čvorović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Riverbank erosion and lateral channel migration are important geomorphological processes which cause various landscape, socio-economic, and environmental consequences. Although those processes are present on the territory of Serbia, there is no available data about the soil loss caused by riverbank erosion for the entire country. In this study, the spatial and temporal dynamics of the riverbank erosion for the largest internal rivers in Serbia (Velika Morava, Zapadna Morava, Južna Morava, Pek, Mlava, Veliki Timok, Kolubara) was assessed using remote sensing and GIS. The aim of this paper is to determine the total and average soil loss over large-scale periods (1923-2020), comparing data from the available sources (aerial photographs, satellite images, and different scale paper maps). Results indicated that lateral migration caused significant problems through land loss (approximately 2,561 ha), especially arable land, and land use changes in river basins, but also economic loss due to the reduction of agricultural production. Total and average soil loss was calculated for five most representative meanders on all studied rivers, and on the basis of the obtained values, certain regularities about further development and dynamics of riverbank movement are presented. A better understanding of river channel migration in this area will be of a great importance for practical issues such as predicting channel migration rates for river engineering and planning purposes, soil and water management and land use changes, environment protection.

Assessment of the water quality in the Morača River basin (Montenegro) using water quality index

Author(s): Miroslav Doderović,Ivan Mijanović,Dragan Burić,Milan Milenković / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

In this paper, the water quality of the Morača River and its main tributaries (the Zeta and the Cijevna) were analyzed, using the Water Quality Index (WQI) methods. Data from 12 hydrological stations (HS) from 2010 to 2018 were used. The analysis included ten parameters of physic, chemical and microbiological water quality: oxygen saturation, BOD5, ammonium ion, pH value, total nitrogen oxides, orthophosphates, suspended solids, temperature, electrical conductivity and coliform bacteria. Calculations for all 12 HS were made using the Serbian Water Quality Index (SWQI). The results of the research showed that the general situation is not discouraging, because the SWQI values ranged from 73-97, which according to the categorization of water quality corresponds to the classes good, very good and excellent. The only exceptions were the two measuring stations in the lower course of the Morača River (City Collector and Grbaci). During the entire observed period, the water quality was the worst on the profile of the City Collector (SWQI between 39 and 71) on Morača River. Also, downstream on Morača River, on HS Grbavci for 2015, the average annual value of SWQI was 70, which according to the gradation corresponds to the class of poor quality. The biggest sources of pollution were municipal wastewaters, followed by agricultural activities and illegal garbage disposal both along the stream and in the river itself. It follows that the lower part of the Morača River was the most polluted in the observed basin. This is a serious problem, especially since it is a part of the Morača River that flows through the most populated and most agriculturally active parts of Montenegro (Podgorica, Zeta Plain, Lješkopolje). Therefore, it is necessary to take adequate measures as soon as possible, which primarily relate to the introduction of wastewater treatment technology and to educate population about the importance of river water conservation.

Assessment of torrential flood susceptibility: Case study - Ukrina River Basin (B&H)

Author(s): Novica Lovrić,Radislav Tošić,Slavoljub Dragićević,Ivan Novković / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Torrential floods are the most frequent natural catastrophic events in the Republic of Srpska (B&H). The main objective of this study is susceptibility assessment to torrential floods in Ukrina River Basin using Index Based Method (IBM) and Flash Flood Potential Method (FFPI), which operates entirely in a GIS environment. The definition and identification of influencing factors for torrential floods was the first step in the process of developing the Torrential Flood Susceptibility Model (TFSM). According to the results of these models, 54.00% and 40.86% of the Ukrina Basin area is in the categories of strong and very strong susceptibility to torrential floods. The second task was to identify the torrential basins and create the Register and the Cadastre of Torrential Basins in the Ukrina River Basin. After detailed field survey and analyses, 154 torrential basins have been identified, occupying 551.37 km2 of the Ukrina Basin. According to the validation indicators of the Torrential Flood Susceptibility Model, 138 torrential basins are in the category of strong and very strong susceptibility according to Index Based Method, while 112 torrential basins are in the same category of susceptibility according to Flash Flood Potential Index Method, which are very good results of the validation. This paper presents the significant step towards better understanding of the phenomenon of torrential floods in the Republic of Srpska (B&H). The data presented in this paper are also significant to practical issues such as integral water management projects, spatial planning, sustainable land planning and protection of soil, forest ecosystems and environmental protection, sediment management, agriculture and other human activities.

Assessment Of Vulnerability To Climate Hazards In Municipality Of Lom, Bulgaria

Author(s): Alexander Gikov,Mariyana Nikolova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2013

An important part of the natural hazard’s risk management is the vulnerability assessment. There are many publications proposing different systems of indicators and tools for vulnerability assessment, but very few of them are dealing with the problem on community level. The study for municipality of Lom is carried out on the base of a framework for vulnerability assessment which includes the following important elements: hazard probability, exposure, sensitivity and coping capacity. In this paper we use the spatial dimensions of the areas prone to a particular climate hazard as an indicator for the level of exposure to this hazard. We introduce a measure for the system sensitivity as a function of hazard and exposure classes assigned to these areas. On the base of a system of indicators and scores for the hazard, exposure, sensitivity and capacity, is estimated a Vulnerability Index for municipality of Lom. The results from this case study show that implementation of the proposed Vulnerability Assessment Method provide reliable information for the level of vulnerability to ten climate hazards. It may be of use for different risk management purposes.

ASSESSMENT ON THE IMPACT OF THE TRIPURA EARTHQUAKE (JANUARY3,2017, MW= 5.6) IN NORTHEAST INDIA

Author(s): Jimmy Debbarma,Jatan Debnat / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, considered as the most active seismic zone of the Indian subcontinent, was hit by an earthquake of Mw5.6 on January3,2017. The epicenter of this earthquake was Kanchanbari located in the Dhalai district of Tripura. The present study aims to assess the environmental and socio-economic impact of this earthquake in the vicinity of the epicenter. To assess and determine the level of damage, the affected areas were visited during the first week of the 2017 earthquake. Various Government offices were also consulted to acquire data on damages caused by the earthquake. Moreover, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (RS & GIS) techniques were applied to address the influence of this earthquake on bank erosion. During the field visit, the striking features of soil liquefaction generated by the earthquake were observed in the flood plain area of the Manu River. Landslide, with three casualties in India and the neighbor Bangladesh, and damages of infrastructure were also reported. Additionally, an assessment of the bank erosion study revealed that the rate of the post-earthquake bank erosion increased to 592%, compared to the pre-earthquake bank erosion within the study length of the Manu River. The findings highlighted that the impact of this earthquake is minimal. However, the seismotectonic features and observation of the liquefaction within the risk zone of the earthquake indicate a possible significant threat for the future.

ASTROPHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKE NEAR KRALJEVO (SERBIA) ON 03 NOVEMBER 2010

Author(s): Milan Radovanović,Milan Stevančević,Dragana Milijašević,Saumitra Mukherjee,Željko Bjeljac / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2011

Results of previous studies have pointed to a satistically significant relationship between the ionospheric, ie. atmospheric disturbances and earthquakes. Also, numerous previous studies concerning the relationship between the sun's activity and disturbances in the atmosphere have been taken into consideration. Based on these indicators, we tried to determine the possible existence of a causative-effective connection between processes on the sun and the earthquake that occurred on 03 November 2010 near Kraljevo (Serbia). Based on theoretical considerations, a new model is proposed that suggests the occurrence of trigger pulse. The results have shown that at statistically more significant number of samples it would be necessary to determine potential regularity in the changes of the parameters of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), that is solar wind components (SW) a few days before and after the occurrence of strong earthquakes.

Atraktivni prirodno-geografski faktori Donjeg Vakufa i mogućnosti razvoja turizma

Author(s): Orhana Bušatlija / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2008

Općina Donji Vakuf je smještena u jugozapadnom dijelu Bosne i Hercegovine u gornjem toku rijeke Vrbas. Povoljan geografski i geoprometni položaj, umjereno- kontinentalna klima i bogatstvo vodama utjecali su da ovaj prostor bude naseljen još od najstarijih vremena. Istinski procvat grad je počeo doživljavati od 70-ih godina XX. stoljeća sa početkom procesa industrijalizacije, a pareleno s tim i urbanizacije. Do 1991. godine najveći dio stanovništva je bio uposlen u sekundarnim djelatnostima, a samo manji dio u primarnim i tercijarnim. Okosnicu razvoja činila je drvna, metalna, tekstilna i industrija građevinskog materijala. Danas je situacija bitno izmjenjena, a prava slika društva biti će poznata tek nakon popisa stanovništva, kao što je slučaj i sa cijelom Bosnom i Hercegovinom. Prema popisu iz 1991. godine Donji Vakuf je imao 24.232 stanovnika, a prema nekim procjenama danas ovdje živi manje od 13.000 stanovnika. Geografski položaj, reljef, klimatski uslovi, hidrogeografske odlike i šumski kompleksi sa različitom divljači daju izvanredne mogućnosti za razvoj planinskog, lovno-ribolovnog, sportsko-rekreacijskog i ruralnog turizma. Pomenuti turistički oblici do 1991. godine bili su u primarnoj fazi razvoja, a od ovog prosjeka odstupao je samo lovni turizam.

AZƏRBAYCAN TOPONİMİYASINDA COĞRAFİ TERMİNLƏR BİR MƏNBƏ KİMİ (Abşeron regionunun toponimik materialları əsasında)

Author(s): Mahirə Abbasova / Language(s): Azerbaijani Issue: 6/2010

The oronyms (the names of geographical objects reflecting the relief structure) constitute one of the basis branches of the Azerbaijan toponymy. The article is dedicated to the oronyms and common used and local popular geographical terms which take part in their creation. A number of local popular geographical terms in the composition of microtoponyms have been defined and their origins and meanings explained as a result of studies. While etymological analysis of geographical names the study of terms becomes the universal method. The studies show that the oronyms created on the basis of geographical terms make up the majority in territorial toponymy. More expressive reflection of the features of natural geographical landscape of the territory in oronymy and wide utilization of words used in the Azerbaijan language, dialects are the main reason of this matter.