KARST SEDIMENTS AND THEIR STUDIES; EXAMPLES FROM SLOVENIA

Author(s): Nadja Zupan Hajna / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2018

In last 30th years in Slovenia study and interpretations of the cave sediments and sediments on karst surfaces went through different stages in accordance with then prevailing various theoretical models, knowledges about karst processes and especially the development of dating methods. Clastic sediments on the surface and in the caves are different in e.g. size, shape, color, texture and have various proveniences. One of the characteristics of the Kras is red soil although the surface sediments color in Kras comprehends all varieties from yellow to red. The color of unconsolidated clastic sediments was in the past defined by climate; the yellow color reflected the sedimentation in cold climate. The study of the mineral composition showed that yellow color is usually an indicator of sediments of Eocene flysch origin, which were weathered in different degree. In contact with percolating water those sediments can become reddish due to rubification (oxidation). In sediments from caves close to the surface and from unroofed caves sediments no minerals indicating loess origin were found. In opened fissures and fault zones were studied infiltrated loam and tectonic clays. By mineral composition studies of cave alluvial sediments was also noticed that in many cases high amount of carbonate clasts is significant originated from incomplete solution of cave walls.

KARST GEOSITES OF THE FAVIGNANA ISLAND (AEGADIAN ARCHIPELAGO, SICILY)

Author(s): Rosario Ruggieri / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2018

The territory of Favignana presents outcrops of Mesozoic and Quaternary carbonate rocks that have been the subject, since their emergence from marine waters, of phenomena of physical erosion and chemical corrosion. The erosive agents, and especially the chemical ones, have originated over time a widespread variety of surface and underground forms to give the whole area context an evident and precise geomorphological characterization of karst landscape. Given the above, the study, knowledge, protection and enhancement of the above-described karst-morphological features of the Favignana island constitute the aims of a research entrusted by the Municipal Administration of Favignana to CIRS Ragusa, in summary described in this report.

PALEOOKOLIŠNA REKONSTRUKCIJA KRŠKOG HOLOCENSKOG OKOLIŠA NA PODRUČJU NOVIGRADSKOGA MORA I KARINSKOGA MORA (HRVATSKA)

Author(s): Dea Brunović,Martina Šparica Miko,Koraljka Bakrač,Nikolina Ilijanić,Slobodan Miko,Hasan Ozren / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 51/2018

The main objective of this paper is to reconstruct Holocene evolution in four neighbouring catchments in the Eastern Adriatic coast (Croatia). Marine geoacoustic geophysical survey was paired with high-resolution multiproxy analysis (chemical analysis, grain size, magnetic susceptibility (MS), L*a*b* spectrum, C/N analysis, bulk XRD analysis, AMS 14C) of four long marine sediment cores at Zrmanja river mouth, Novigrad Sea, Karin Sea and Modrič bay together with fifteen soil sediment cores or profiles sampled in their respective catchments. This data enabled us to create palaeo-environmental reconstruction of the Holocene sediment sequence and partially of underlying Pleistocene sediments in the Novigrad and Karin Sea. During the early Holocene surface of today’s area of Novigrad and Karin Sea hosted river channels incised in Pleistocene clastic rocks. Multiple channels suggest the existence of braided river system. Three marine sediment cores penetrated marine sediment sequences and terminated in sediments predating the Holocene sea level rise. Assemblage of foraminifera (or their absence) in sediments indicates alluvial/colluvial/beach sediments.

KARST CREEK TRAIL: A SELF-GUIDING, DIRECTEDACCESS KARST SITE IN STRATHCONA PARK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

Author(s): Paul Griffiths,Carol Ramsey / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2018

The province of British Columbia, Canada, has few self-guiding, directed-access karst sites in its parks system that are readily accessible to the general public. Karst Creek Trail, located in Strathcona Provincial Park on Vancouver Island, is situated along a paved public “highway” near the shores of Buttle Lake in a temperate rainforest setting. The karst at this particular site is not especially spectacular. The surface expression of the karst is relatively subdued and the area in which the site is located has been subject to different land-use impacts and natural disturbances. On the positive side, Karst Creek Trail is easily accessed and already possesses some of the basic infrastructure necessary to make the trail a relaxing nature walk for many park visitors. Given its accessibility and manageable size, we suggest that with modest investments in improved and expanded interpretation, trail maintenance, and basic karst research, Karst Creek Trail has the potential to be an excellent regional public educational site for karst.

POSLASTICA ZA SPELEOKOLEKCIONARE

Author(s): Jasminko Mulaomerović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 51/2018

U vrijeme pristizanja novogodišnjih čestitki prijatno me iznenadila pošiljka od Roberta Dejardina – novi broj časopisa Collections (88, 2018). Na 40 stranica puno raznovrsnog sadržaja, onako baš k’o za praznik. Početak časopisa je rezervisan za stare knjige koje tematiziraju pećine. Prvi tekst govori o ilustracijama Guillaumea Vanderhechta koje je tehnikom akvarela naslikao za Vodič po pećini Han iz 1900. godine. Tu su još prikazi knjiga Les Grottes Sépulcrales des Monges à Narbonne (iz 1925.), Les délices de Spa et de ses environs (1839.), Notre Pays de France Voyage de Cévennes (1894.), Descente au Monde Sous-Terrien (1909.), a zatim slijede prikazi nekoliko popularnih knjiga za omladinu izdatih sredinom 20. stoljeća, dva stripa iz istog vremena te novije izdanje iz 2017. (epizoda Boba Morana).

KNJIGA KAO KULTURA UPRAVLJANJA ZAŠTIĆENIM PODRUČJEM

Author(s): Jasminko Mulaomerović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 51/2018

Review of: Jasminko Mulaomerović - Grupa autora: Netopirji v Parku Škocjanske jame (Škocjan: Park Škocjanske jame, 2017.)

Action-collaborative networks of the region goverment on lend and forest fire restraint in Pelalawan District, Riau Province

Author(s): Mustiqowati Ummul Fithriyyah,Sri Suwitri,Yopie Warella,Febri Yuliani / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The problems of forest and land fires continue to overshadow in Riau Province and Pelalawan District including the contributors of fire spots of forest and land fires. The handling and control of forest and land fires run during this time tend to be incidental and focus on the aspect of fire suppression only. The extinguishing and controlling of forest and land fires fire has been undertaken by several agencies in the local government organization of Pelalawan District. While the relationship between the agencies is more information share and informational relationship and the deployment of resource assistance is limited to the capacity of each organization during the occurrence of forest and land fires only, not led to a collaborative multi-disciplinary working approach (inter-organizational collaborative network) in the area of local government. This research aims to Described the management situation of forest and land fires that took place in Pelalawan District, conducting analysis and academic studies on the practice of Network Inter-Organization by controlling forest and land fires (Karhutla) in Pelalawan District, and formulating model Inter-organizational network-based organizations that can be applied to regional government of Pelalawan District in every bureaucracy organizations. The study used a qualitative descriptive approach with reference to literature studies and interview reluct collection by (Agranoff & McGuire, 2003).

Ignalinos rajono Meironių (rėžinio) kaimo žemės naudojimo ypatumai

Author(s): Virginija Atkocevičienė,Jolanta Valčiukienė,Daiva Juknelienė,Gintaras Kapočius / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: -/2019

Since 1991 with the start of the restitutional reform of land reorganization, the groups of agricultural land users were rapidly changing: the categories of state land users de- creased and the areas of private agricultural land used by farmers and natural and legal persons grew. Land reform is a state reorganization of land relations that changes land dependence and use. The article analyses the progress of the Meironys (linear) village land reform and land use possibilities. Historical factors and the natural landscape determine the peculiarities of the use of the land in the linear village. There are 207 linear villages in Ignalina district. When preparing the land reform land management plan of the Meironys linear village, it was decided to design the land and the forest in strips of land as it is currently being done. The rural area was divided into four parts, and the applicants wanted to get a mature forest that belonged to them before privatization. In villages, especially in linear ones, where productivity is low, land is inefficient, and land use is usually extensive. Owners value the land not according to its productivity, but as a material value, where the use is more recreational. in less-favoured areas, landowners are mainly engaged in rural tourism.

Savina Pećina - Biser kraj Sarajeva

Author(s): M. Kurtović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 3/1977

Do sada je ukupno otkriveno oko 2.500 metara hdnika, od kojih je najveći dio bagato ukrašen pećinskim nakitom. Pronađeni su kosturi pećinskog medvjeda, a možda i polarne lisice ili pećinske mačke. Kroz pećinu teče potok. Istraživanja su vršili članovi speleoloških društava Zelena brda i PD Jahorina.

Podzemni karstni oblici kao prirodni rezervoari termalne i termomineralne vode

Author(s): Branislav Đerković / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

Na mjestima isticanja termalnih i termomineralnih voda često se nalaze na površini istaložene naslage bigra, travertina ili oniksa. Te naslage često zauzimaju veći prostor oko izvora, debljina im je do 50 m, a nekad i više. Na osnovu fizičkog izgleda tih tvorevina primjećuje se osjetna razlika u boji kao i u stepenu čvrstoće. Razlike u boji nastaju uslijed različitog sastava, a čvrstoća ovisi o starosti istaloženih tvorevina.

Jedan primjer pokušaja objašnjenja hidrauličkih uslova u kraškom podzemnom toku na osnovu opažanja pijezometarskih stanja i izlaznih proticaja

Author(s): Georgije Hajdin,Marko Ivetić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

U kršu (karstu) podzemni tokovi imaju svoje provodnike, nepravilnog oblika, sa grananjima, sužavanjima i proširivanjima do velikih prostora (kaverne), koji delimično, odnosno povremeno, teku sa slobodnom površinom, odnosno pod pritiskom. Ti provodnici povezuju kraška polja, koja su povremeno jezera, a povremeno su suva.

Neke geološke karakteristike krša Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Viktor Andrić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

Bosanskohercegovački krš čini dio jedinstvene kraške oblasti Jugoslavije i pripada dinarskom planinskom sistemu. Zahvata skoro sve visoke planine (preko 1500 m. n. m.) i najvećim dijelom leži jugozapadno od glavne vododelnice između jadranskog i crnomorskog sliva.

Mogućnost održavanja vještačkog ekosistema i dužeg boravljenja čovjeka u pećinama i drugim podzemnim prostorima

Author(s): Krsto Krivokapić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

Čovjek je davno napustio pećine kao mjesta prebivališta i opet ga mogu vratiti u njih samo neke velike neprilike kao npr. nuklearni rat, novo ledeno doba itd. Međutim, njegov ponovni povratak pod zemlju bio bi sasvim drugačiji, jer savremeni uspjeh nauke i tehnike omogućuje čovjeku život i u takvim ekstremnim uslovima kao što su pećine i drugi podzemni prostori.

Metodika katastriranja speleoloških objekata

Author(s): Ljubomir Rokić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

Izvođenje speleoloških istraživanja i ispitivanja nužno je povezano sa prikupljanjem i obradom velikog broja informacija. U terenskim uslovima prikupljanje i sređivanje informacija speleoloških istraživanja vrši se uglavnom prema individualnom subjektivnom modelu rukovodioca istraživanja ili nekog drugog stručnog rukovodnog koordinatora. Subjektivnost naročito dolazi do izražaja kada se na konkretnom objektu informacije prikupljaju u vidu deskriptivnih opisa koji mogu biti prilagođeni prethodno zacrtanoj koncepciji.

Znaczenie wysokorozdzielczych wielowskaźnikowych (multi-proxy) badań paleoekologicznych dla geografii historycznej i historii gospodarczej

Author(s): Mariusz Lamentowicz,Monika Karpińska-Kołeczek,Piotr Guzowski,Adam Izdebski,Sambor Czerwiński,Katarzyna Marcisz,Mariusz Gałka,Dominika Łuców,Michał Słowiński,Piotr Kołaczek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2019

Artykuł prezentuje znaczenie paleoekologii dla badań historii gospodarczej, geografii historycznej i historii środowiskowej. Praca przybliża możliwości metodyczne paleoekologii. Zwracamy uwagę na niewykorzystany dotąd potencjał wysokorozdzielczej paleoekologii. Wykorzystując naturalne archiwa (osady jezior i torfowisk), jesteśmy w stanie prześledzić historię przemian przyrody, możemy zrekonstruować historię i lepiej zrozumieć zmiany ekosystemów Polski oraz jej rozwój ekonomiczny.

Znaczenie wspólnych badań historycznych i paleoekologicznych nad wpływem człowieka na środowisko. Przykład ze stanowiska Kazanie we wschodniej Wielkopolsce

Author(s): Sambor Czerwiński,Piotr Guzowski,Monika Karpińska-Kołeczek,Mariusz Lamentowicz,Mariusz Gałka,Piotr Kołaczek,Adam Izdebski,Radosław Poniat / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2019

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie potencjału interdyscyplinarnych badań nad wpływem człowieka na środowisko w przeszłości na przykładzie Wielkopolski. Zostaną w nim wykorzystane wysokorozdzielcze analizy paleoekologiczne źródeł przyrodniczych wydobytych z torfowiska Kazanie oraz materiały archeologiczne i historyczne obrazujące osadnictwo i aktywność gospodarczą mieszkańców Pobiedzisk i okolicznych wsi w ciągu ostatnich 1200 lat.

Intensification of sediment loss on land surfaces in calabar river catchment, cross river state, Nigeria.

Author(s): Moses Adah Abua,T.P. ABALI,E. I IGELLE / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Soil loss is a direct consequence of soil erosion which is a function of rainfall amount, intensity and duration as well as surface configuration (relief/slope), nature of surface materials and vegetation. The study on the intensification of sediment loss on land surfaces in Calabar River Catchment, Cross River State, Nigeria was conducted, with the aim of examining intensification of sediment loss on land surfaces in Calabar. Sediment loss, rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, slope gradient, slope length, particles size and infiltration capacity were measured. Field measurement and Regression model were used in the study. The results revealed that sediment loss on the various land surfaces were 14.9477 kg/m2 for urban land surface, bare surface 33.9138kg/m2, farmland 28.7754kg/m2, grassland 33.4992 kg/m2 and forest surface 5.6646kg/m2 respectively (Table I). Rainfall amount were 41.7385mm for urban land surface, bare surface 41.7385mm, farmland 41.7385mm, grassland 41.7385mm and forest land 41.7385mm respectively. Rainfall intensity were 89.4397mm/hr for urban land surface, bare surface 75.8882mm/hr, farmland 58.2398mm/hr, grassland 47.2512mm/hr and forest land 100.1724mm/hr. Slope gradient were 52.0000% 52.0000%, 52.0000%, 52.0000%, and 47.6292% for urban surface, bare surface, farmland, grassland, forest land respectively. Slope length were 5.2020m for urban land surface, bare surface 4.0180m, farmland 4.6177m, grassland 4.5746m and forest land 15.4364m. The particles sizes result for land surface sandy, silt and clay were 58.0%, 11.0% and 31.0% respectively. Bare surface sandy, silt and clay were 49.0%, 13.0% and 38.0% respectively. Farmland sandy, silt and clay were respectively 48.0%, 18.0% and 34.0%. Grassland sandy, silt and clay were 56.0%, 12.0% and 32.0%, and forestland sandy, silt and clay were 57.0%, 7.0% and 36.0% respectively. Vegetation cover were 4.2467m2 for urban surface, bare surface 1.0263m2, farmland surface 2.3462m2 grassland surface 5.0917m2 and forest surface 7.0705m2. Infiltration capacity were 4.8200cm/hr for urban land surface, bare surface 5.9554cm/hr, farmland 4.7831cm/hr, grassland 4.5015cm/hr, and forest land 5.0723cm/hr respectively. Sediment loss was more intense on bare surface, grassland and farmland with their respective values of 33.9138kg, 33.4992kg and 28.7754kg. while forested land surface had the least sediment loss value of 5.6646kg with rainfall amount of 41.7385mm and rainfall intensity of 5.682mm/min. The regression results for the urban, bare, farmland and grassland surfaces indicated that slope gradient and slope length contributed much to sediment loss. Rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, particle size and infiltration capacity contributed little to sediment loss in urban, bare, farmland and grassland. The study recommended that sediment losses requires reforestation aim at increasing the vegetation cover and infiltration capacity of the soil.

The phenomenon of streams drying in the Someşean Plateau.

Author(s): Victor Sorocovschi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The drying of water flow from rivers is a complex phenomenon, which can manifest itself in different forms. In the Someşean Plateau, an integral part of the Transylvanian Depression, river drying occurs more frequently in the summer and autumn months, and less frequently in the winter months. The paper analyzes several aspects related to the drying phenomenon: the favoring factors, the distribution parameters and the zoning of the drying phenomenon

Characteristics of the geographical risk of the south Bărăgan Plain. Categories and particularities of manifestation.

Author(s): Florin Achim / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

South Bărăgan Plain is a less populated geographical unit, being the area where the main activity is agriculture. Such as, the human being is subject to the elements of risk, which result primarily from the way of manifestation that the elements of the geographical environment have. To these are added a number of new elements, generated by man himself, through the excessive exploitation of soil resources. The analysis of the geographical risk requires a number of elements of detail, but also general, related to the processing of statistical data and regional or local approaches, related to the distribution of the categories of geographical risk.

Extreme temperature and precipitation events in Romania

Author(s): Moldovan Florin / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020