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Стратегии на МСП от сектор машиностроене в България по пътя към европейския и световен пазар – възможности и перспективи

Author(s): Daniela Mihneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the present paper/report is to present the successful Bulgarian small and medium-sized enterprises in the course of international expansion, while it analyses their experience in executing the various international marketing and management strategies; to outline their opportunities for development, their innovational and business activity in the dynamic and turbulent conditions – the new reality of the world economy. An example for international operations of a Bulgarian company, which manufactures a world class competitive product, is presented.

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Приложение на концепцията за „кръгова икономика“ при икономиката на отпадъците

Author(s): Mariya Petkova-Kozovska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current report aims to provide insight into the nature and main characteristics of the so-called ‘circular economy’ – an industrial system that is restorative or regenerative by intention and design, specifying its application in the economy of waste, too. First, the paper discusses the limits of the ‘linear’ economic model based on a ‘take-make-consume and dispose’ pattern, which nowadays proves unsustainable. The concept of the circular economy is described, as well as its origin and basic principles, which are a key to a more efficient use of resources and waste reduction. Next, the general direction and concrete steps that must be undertaken are outlined in order to be achieved an important progress towards the circular economy and to be met the current and future challenges of global pressure on resources and rising insecurity of supply. At the end of the report, the potential benefits of the circular economy are highlighted and barriers and challenges that it faces are examined.

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Особености на глобалния пазар на екологични стоки и услуги

Author(s): Mariya Petkova-Kozovska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current report aims to provide insight into the nature and main characteristics of the global environmental goods and services market by studying its dynamic development and structural particularities. First, the paper discusses the difficulties encountered in the process of classifying certain goods and services as environmental and the lack of classification criteria. The intensive development of the environmental market and the factors that influence its dynamics are examined, including the implementation of the sustainable development strategy, consumer preferences for environmental goods, and national and international legislation in that sphere. Next, the author looks at the division of environmental technologies into end-of-pipe and integrated technologies depending on which stage of the production process they are used in. The report analyses the concentration of environmental market activities in different regions and touches on the relationship between degree of development of "green" industries and level of overall economic development and per capita income. The structure of international trade is outlined and the different segments of the environmental goods and services market are described and its significance for the global economy is highlighted.

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Очертаният път за излизане от спасителна програма в еврозоната – характеристики и уроци на примера на Ирландия

Author(s): Iordanka Stateva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The presented material analyses the characteristics of economic processes in Ireland that led to the involvement of the country in the debt spiral in the eurozone and later on getting out of a bailout program without a precautionary credit line. Ireland worked out its way out of the debt crisis through increase of competitiveness and economic growth. How Ireland was involved in the debt crisis in the European monetary union is a very cautionary example. The lessons concern mainly the connection between bank crisis and sovereign debt crisis and more specifically the effects of transfer of private bank losses to the state finances. The bank crisis in Ireland, the realization of the unlimited state guarantee for the bank debts, became a centre of serious economic analyses. The result was that mechanisms for cutting the link between bank losses and state finances in the whole monetary union, had to be found. One of the important characteristics of the marked-out route to getting out of a bailout program is the internal devaluation, but also the social price of Ireland’s success as a result of this measure.

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Разпределение на правомощията в Единния надзорен механизъм

Author(s): Kaloyan Simeonov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The creation of the Single Supervisory Mechanism is one of the most important elements for the establishment of the Banking Union for the Member States of the Euro area and for the other future participant Member States under the form of close cooperation. An essential issue in the analyses of the most significant characteristics of the Single Supervisory Mechanism is the distribution of powers between the European Central Bank and the national supervisory authorities of the participating Member States. The European Central Bank becomes the responsible supervisory institution for the supervision over the more significant credit institutions as well as for the Single Supervisory Mechanism as a whole. The national supervisory authorities from the participating Member States also keep some powers in relation to the supervision of the credit institutions. Bulgaria also may begin its participation within the Single Supervisory Mechanism before its Euro area entry. This may take the form of close cooperation with the ECB. It is very difficult to assess whether the powers between the ECB and the national supervisory authorities are distributed in a balanced way. The issue with the Bulgarian participation in the Banking Union is also not an easy one. It shall be highlighted that the participation in that union before the adoption of the euro has its positive and negative consequences.

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Може ли ренминби да измести долара като валута хегемон?

Author(s): Vessela Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article reviews the definition and the functions of the foreign currency and foreign currency used as a reserve currency. The author presents factors that shall be considered when selecting reserve currency and notes the growing discussion among academics and specialists about the substitution of the USD as the dominant international reserve currency. The paper provides evidence and argues about the Renminbi and its growing role in the international business and payments. The author concludes that an imminent fundamental change is expected to be seen in the global financial and currency architecture with the Renminbi taking the lead.

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Прехвърляне на дейности към 4PL компании: перспективи и предизвикателства пред управлението на глобалните вериги за доставка

Author(s): Dobroslav Emilov Mollov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In recent years there are significant innovations in the logistics and global supply chain management fields. One of them, increasingly attracting interest to both managers and academics, is the emergence of 4PLs – specialized consulting companies that provide the clients with integrated supply chain management solutions. Most experts agree that 4PLs form the future perspective of outsourcing and global supply chain management. However, there is still no single view in the literature regarding the nature of these companies and their role in managing the supply chain. This report aims to present the main features of the 4PL model, and demonstrate the possibility of its successful implementation in the management of today's global supply chains in order to increase their competitiveness. The report summarizes the classification of different types of logistic services providers, are discusses the differences between 4PLs and similar models as 3PLs and LLPs. Presented are the arguments in favour of outsourcing to 4PLs, and its main advantages and risks are summarized. The report ends with a case study of ACS Global Services – a 4PL company, which has successfully positioned itself on the European and Asian markets.

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Икономични вериги за доставка: принципи и управленски практики

Author(s): Dobroslav Emilov Mollov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Modern companies, challenged by globalization, accelerated dynamics and stronger competition in global markets, are facing the need to explore new models for their global supply chain management initiatives. Today’s customers have many competing offers to choose from; they want to receive their order as soon as possible; they have high expectations in terms of quality, service and value they receive and are willing to pay; they often change their wishes. The principles of lean thinking teach companies how to perform only those activities that add value to the customer and increase returns. Lean principles, applied to global supply chain management, enable companies to focus on their customers’ needs, achieving high level of competitiveness and long-term profit by producing high-quality and valuable products and delivering them to the customers in a fast and flexible way. This report presents the concept of lean supply chains and discusses the specific aspects of their management. Summarized are the main ideas of lean thinking and the guiding principles of lean supply chains. The implementation of these principles in various aspects of modern global supply chain management practices is commented, and the benefits and risks in building lean supply chains are discussed.

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Решението за начина на навлизане на чуждите пазари – ключов елемент за успеха на задграничната стратегия на фирмата

Author(s): Oleg Lozanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The issues related to the forms of entry to foreign markets are becoming especially relevant today. Under the influence of increasing competitive factors, modern companies are constantly looking for ways to conquer new market territories. Thus, they are constantly expanding and diversifying the range of opportunities successful penetration and establishing permanent presence on foreign markets. This ongoing and accelerating process of internationalization is quite dependent on the utilized foreign market entry strategies.

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Възможност за подобряване процеса на планиране на разходите за политика на пазара на труда, по отношение намаляване на продължителната безработица в ЕС

Author(s): Iskren Angelov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Within the report is outlined, basically, the mechanism for the formulation and adoption of specific recommendations to ЕU member states in the field of employment policy. In this regard, one of the tools for identifying the key labor market challenges so called Employment Performance Monitor is presented. The correlation between the Labour Market Policy expenditures as a percentage of GDP and long-term unemployment in the EU member states is explored. The Granger causality test between the Labour Market Policy expenditures – total and by type of actions and the number of long-term unemployed for selected countries is conducted. Conclusion for improving the planning process of the Labour Market Policy expenditures in terms of reducing long-term unemployment in the EU is formulated.

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Ефективно управление на проекти в сферата на културата - по примера на Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество „Адриатика”

Author(s): Vesselina Dimitrova,Petyo Boshnakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report aims to provide an assessment of the results of cultural projects. The subject of the study is a cross-border cooperation program, in particular the one for the Adriatic region, and a specific object of study is the effectiveness of the Archeo’s project, which completed its main project activities in August 2013. The report is divided into two parts. The first is dedicated to the place of culture in the Adriatic cross-border cooperation program, the second - to the presentation and concrete effectiveness of the Archeo’s project in terms of the main phases of project implementation. In conclusion, summaries are made of the effectiveness of cultural projects subject to cross-border cooperation.

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Перспективи и предизвикателства пред създаването на банков съюз в ЕС

Author(s): Kaloyan Simeonov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

After the beginning of the last economic and financial crisis that started in the period 2007-2008 and is continuing to affect the global and the EU financial markets, the European Union has initiated series of regulatory reforms in order to overcome the effects of the crisis and to attempt to prevent future similar crisis. One of these reforms is the establishment of the Banking Union predominantly in the Euro area. The establishment of the Banking Union has many advantages and perspectives in relation to the EU integration process in the banking area. It aims to foster the stability in the EU banking system, to restore the investor and the consumer confidence that were weakened by the recent crisis, to complete the EU rules that were adopted and implemented so far for the performing of banking services within the Union. However, the project for reforms through creation of a Banking Union is not without some serious challenges. Some of the most important challenges are related to the scope of the new reform as the Banking Union will not cover all the EU Member States which may jeopardise the smooth functioning of the EU Single Market on banking services. Other challenges are the timing, the legal and institutional framework. Last but not least, the Banking Union will soon face the challenge to become not only "too big to fail" but also "too dangerous to fail". Notwithstanding the fact that it is not expected Bulgaria to join soon the Banking Union by joining the Euro area or through the so called "close cooperation", the creation of the Banking Union will also have an influence on it.

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Взаимодействие между банков капитал и ликвидност. Регулаторни промени и последици за финансовата система

Author(s): Maria Chankova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The capital of a bank can be perceived as its own funds, as opposed to borrowed capital, as deposits and checking accounts. The capital can be used to cover losses, which may reduce the credit risk. The more risky assets a bank has, the more capital it would need to avoid (balance sheet) insolvency. At the same time, in unfavorable market conditions, banks may need more cash or assets that could easily be converted into cash to pay off debts to their depositors or creditors on time. This poses a liquidity risk. A stable funding profile, as well as a buffer of highly liquid assets, would help to overcome it. Banks would prefer to work with lower levels of financial resources than the optimal, socially justified, level. Regulatory rules aim to address such problems and ensure that credit and liquidity risk are properly accounted for and that the corresponding costs are borne by institutions and their customers in periods of economic prosperity rather than by public authorities in times of crisis.

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Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество България – Румъния 2007 – 2013 г. – фактор за повишаване на фирмената конкурентоспособност в област Велико Търново

Author(s): Tsanko Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The effective utilization of funds under the EU programmes is a good prerequisite for the economic and social development of our country. Also, this is related to increasing the competitiveness of Bulgarian enterprises. Besides the programmes directed to business, the business activity can be influenced favourably through participation in the other EU programmes. One of them is the Transborder cooperation program Bulgaria – Romania 2007-2013 from which Veliko Tarnovo region, as an area bordering Romania, can benefit.

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Международен бизнес и зелена икономика – някои промени във формите на международен бизнес в контекста на зелената икономика

Author(s): Stela Zhivkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

A prominent feature of our time are the high technologies, constantly evolving production processes, the unique in its scale globalization, the unprecedented attention to the preservation of the surrounding nature. In these conditions, international business in all its forms is an integral part of the socio-economic life. It significantly contributes to the increase in gross domestic product of the developed countries and for the economic progress of developing countries and those from the third world. In modern times, however, more attention is being dedicated not only to the economic growth as such, but also to the ways in which it is being achieved. The main issue at the moment is how to protect the dwindling natural resources reserves while not slowing down the economic growth of the society; how to reduce anthropologically induced eco-footprint on the nature and protect humans’ health and lives without affecting their standard of living - in other words, how to achieve economic growth through sustainable development. Within the framework of this continuous care for the environment and the great attention to the sustainable development in modern economic life, the emergence of a new type of economy is observed, namely the green economy. This emerging field of the economics, as well as the actions and measures taken at the national and international level for the protection of nature and its resources, inevitably have an impact on international business. The text hereby presents briefly some of the changes that have been identified in the forms of international business in the framework of the research project "Global Environmental Challenges and Changes in International Business".

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Въздействие на финансовата криза върху икономиката на страните от Европейския съюз

Author(s): Svetlana Aleksandrova-Zlatanska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article reviews the source of the recent global financial crisis which began in September 2008, it discusses the reasons and implications of the crisis for the European Union in particular. Author highlights the debt crisis across number of EU and Euro area member states and discusses empirical data to measure and analyse the consequences of the crisis on those countries. The lack of fiscal discipline and disparities in the economic development contributed to the financial crisis contagion among the EU, author concludes.

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Външнотърговски обмен и конкурентоспособност на българското винопроизводство след присъединяването на България към ЕС

Author(s): Nora Malamova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the paper are examined the dynamics of the production, the consumption and the export/import turnover of wine in Bulgaria in the years after its accession to the EU. On the basis of the statistical data for the respective period are marked out the development tendencies of the wine-producing sector. Competitiveness analysis is made, using different assessment indicators and taking into account the factors, which influence the competitiveness potential of the Bulgarian wine industry.

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Големите предприятия като квазифискални агенти – опитът на някои страни

Author(s): Peter Gavrailov,Sonya Ivanova,Sevda Tas / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper reviews the quasi-fiscal operations and the quasi-fiscal agencies in the context of the contemporary economic reality of predominant neoliberalism. Authors outline certain financial operations which could be attributed to quasi-fiscal practices – crediting of a business entity by a state bank with lower interest rates than the market benchmark; approval for derogation of reserve requirements for certain banks which could use this free financial resource for expansion and profit; bank credit ceilings; varying exchange rate offered by the central bank to different companies one of which could receive more favourable offer, to name a few. The research shares experience in Italy and Germany in this regard and concludes with certain advantages and disadvantages of the government intervention.

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Външнотърговска конкурентоспособност на българската тютюнева промишленост

Author(s): Paskal Zhelev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the flagship initiative ‘Industrial Policy for the Globalization Era’ of the EU's strategy for growth in the current decade Europe 2020, the European Commission ensures that "all policy proposals with a significant impact on industry are subject to an in-depth analysis of their impact on competitiveness". As the tobacco industry is traditionally among the leading export-oriented industries in Bulgaria, the policy needs to be complemented by an impact assessment on international competitiveness. To achieve this, the foreign trade performance of this industry field is reviewed through indicators such as the size and dynamics of exports and imports, share in total exports and imports, foreign trade balance and relative trade balance index.

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Еврото – международна валута

Author(s): Svetlana Aleksandrova-Zlatanska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The global economic crisis has raised questions about the future of the reserve currencies. For more than a century, the dollar has been holding a leading position as an international and reserve currency in the global economy. The financial crisis, economic imbalances and the recession of leading economies have intensified the debate between the dollar, the euro, and the yen as global currencies. The status of the euro as an international currency is facing another challenge – survival in conditions of accumulated budget deficits and growing government debt among some Eurozone countries (Greece, Portugal, Italy, Spain) and the transfer of the debt crisis as a "contagion" from peripheral countries to the centre of the Eurozone. The dynamics and use of the euro by the private sector and by the official monetary institutions, respectively as an international and reserve currency, have been reviewed and analysed. The article is also provoked by the structural deficit that the euro suffers from due to the monetary policy governance aimed at maintaining price stability and the lack of sufficient synchronization in fiscal policy and control of public expenditure.

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