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BORIS GODUNOV : MUSORGSKIJ VS. PUŠKIN

Author(s): Anna A. Hlaváčová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 01/2014

The fact that the existence of several variants of Pushkin‘s drama was caused by censorship often wrongly draws a parallel with Mussorgsky‘s opera – as if its variability was based on external factors. Dunning compared the two versions of text written by Pushkin, while Taruskin the two existing opera versions. The author of this study have decided to analyse Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov in relation to Pushkin‘s text corpus connected with the topic. The analysis is based on the historical and the study of religions approaches. What obstacles did Mussorgsky have to overcome when adapting Pushkin for opera genre? As the ideological polarization between supporters and opponents to the union of churches could be expressed just verbally, composer had no choice but transpose historical tensions into the speech of music – into the ritual opposition Latin/ Byzantine. Through the enigmatic character of Rangoni, however, Mussorgsky stays true to Pushkin‘s philosophy of history (so convincingly expressed in dramatic character of Dimitri) and refers to the historical paradigm, which offers a real alternative to unification of Christians: The Union of Florence, where the communion with the bishop of Rome did not contradict the adherence to the Byzantine rite.

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Výsledky parlamentných volieb do Poslaneckej snemovne Národného zhromaždenia v medzivojnovom období v okrese Rožňava a menšinová problematika (v porovnaní s okresmi Levice a Veľké Kapušany)

Author(s): Lucia Poláková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 4/2015

The paper deals with the analysis of election results, in particular parliamentary election, to the Chamber of Deputies of the National Assembly in the interwar period. Compared are districts Levice, Rožňava and Veľké Kapušany. The attention is focused on the national composition and social structure and its affect on the political process and parliamentary results in mentioned districts. District Levice had about the same population as district Rožňava. District Veľké Kapušany was in terms of population smaller but in all studied districts was approximately equal percentage of representatives of the Hungarian minority. Election results from 1925, 1929 and 1935 show that despite a weaker representation of the Hungarian minority, when compared to the German minority, the representation of minorities in ČSR was fair and certainly better than the representation of the non-Hungarian nationalities in the pre 1918 Hungarian Parliament.

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Współpraca cerkwi grekokatolickiej z ukraińskim ruchem wyzwoleńczym w Karpackim kraju Organizacji Ukraińskich Nacjonalistów (1945 – 1954)

Author(s): Wasyl Ilnycjkyj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The society in Western Ukraine generally remained deeply religious. No prohibitions, threats, nor terror could have separated men from his church and religion. In their everyday life the populace stuck to the religious norms. Besides, the struggle against the liberation movement was tightly connected with the liquidation of the Greek Catholic church altogether, because it hindered the sovietisation of the region and constituted a part of the Resistance Movement. Hence, the most serious problem for the Soviet regime was the collaboration of the Greek Catholic Church and Ukrainian liberation movement. The former recognized, the Orthodox rite, but did everything it could to strictly control the activities of the Orthodox clergy. The churchmen’s work was restricted, as well as those of the monasteries, church lands and constructions were confiscated and transferred to cultural, economic or administrative buildings. The priests assisted the OUN men both spiritually and materially, hid the men underground in their homes and stored weapons and ammunition in their churches. In spite of all the repressive measures, the secret agents continued to discover the nationalists’ hiding places in the homes of the GCC priests, whereas in the churches the weapons and bullets were found. It is worthy of note, that a considerable part of the Unia Church members not only supplied the nationalists with food, clothes, money, and hid them in their own homes, but also propagated the ideas.

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Book Reviews

Author(s): Jaroslav Šotola,Zuzana Panczová,Gabriela Kiliánová,Marta Botíková,Kornélia Jakubíková,Peter Slavkovský,Maria Dobrikova / Language(s): Slovak,Croatian Issue: 3/2018

Review of: TATIANA PODOLINSKÁ, TOMÁŠ HRUSTIČ (Eds.): Čierno-biele svety. Rómovia v majoritnej spoločnosti na Slovensku Bratislava, Ústav etnológie SAV, VEDA, 2015, 597 s JIŘÍ WOITSCH, ADÉLA JŮNOVÁ MACKOVÁ A KOLEKTÍV: Etnologie v zúženém prostoru Etnologický ústav Akademie věd České republiky, v. v. i., Praha 2016, 498 s. VLADIMIR PENČEV: Bălgarskite obštnosti v Sredna Evropa. Formirane, bituvane, identičnosti. [Bulharské komunity v strednej Európe. Formovanie, existencia, identity]. Paradigma, Sofia 2017, 231 s. PETR JANEČEK: Mýtus o Pérákovi. Městská legenda mezi folklorem a populární kulturou. Argo, Praha 2017, 360 s. MILAN JELÍNEK: Memoáry 1942 – 1971 (Od okupace do okupace) Moravské zemské muzeum, Brno 2018, 396 s. PETR ČÍHAL (Ed.): Erotika v lidové kultuře Slovácké muzeum v Uherském Hradišti, 2017, 366 s. IVETA ZUSKINOVÁ: Liptov. Ovčiarstvo v Liptove. Spoločnosť priateľov Múzea liptovskej dediny. Liptovský Hrádok 2018, 227 s.

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Recenzie a anotácie

Author(s): Juraj Marušiak,Ondrej Hronec,Michal Baran,Zdeněk Vopat,Ingrid Kunovská / Language(s): Slovak,Czech Issue: 2/2019

Review of: Zenderowski, Radosław et al.: Mieliśmy swój dom, w którym byliśmy szczęśliwi… Konflikty etniczne na terytorium byłej Jugosławii w narracjach migrantów z państw postjugosłowiańskich mieszkających w Austrii. Warszawa : Wydawnictwo Naukowe UKSW, 2019, 138 s., ISBN 978-83-8090-548-1 Levitsky, S. – Ziblatt , D.: Jak umírá demokracie. Praha : Prostor, 2018, 335 s., ISBN 978-80-7260-394-7 SNYDER, T.: Cesta do neslobody. Rusko, Amerika, Európa. Bratislava : Premedia, 2018, 344 s., ISBN 9788081595981 KRE JČÍ, O.: Geopolitika Ruska. Professional Publishing, 2017, 534 s., ISBN 97880906559490 Štefančík, R.: Christlich-demokratische Parteien in der Slowakei. Eine neue Perspektive. Hamburg : Verlag Dr. Kovač, 2019, 212 s., ISBN 978-3-339-11192-0.

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Recenzie a anotácie

Author(s): Jozef Beňa,Martin Brabec,Lucia Hlavatá,Ondrej Hronec,Břetislav Horyna,Helena Melkusová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2020

Dornfeldt, M. – Seewald, E.: Dejiny nemecko-slovenskej diplomacie (1922– 1993) Dornfeldt, M. – Seewald, E.: The history of German-Slovak diplomacy (1922– 1993) Dinuš, P. a kol.: Október 1917 a súčasnosť Dinuš, P. a kol.: October 1917 and the present Krastev, I.: Čo príde po Európe? Zanikne Európska únia podobným spôsobom ako habsburská monarchia? Krastev, I.: After Europe? Fukuyama, F.: Identita Fukuyama, F.: Identity Sťahel, R.: Pojem krízy v environmentálnom myslení Sťahel, R.: The concept of crisis in environmental thinking Perný, L.: Vybrané kapitoly zo súčasnej anglo-americkej sociálnej filozofie: liberalizmus, komunitarizmus, neomarxizmus Perný, L.: Selected chapters from contemporary Anglo-American social philosophy: liberalism, communitarianism, neo-Marxism

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Recenzie a anotácie

Author(s): Tomáš Profant,Peter Dinuš,Břetislav Horyna,Mátyás Szuri / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2020

Review of: Chertkovskaya, E. – Paulsson, A. – Barca, S.: Towards a Political Economy of Degrowth, London – New York : Rowman and Littlefield International, 2019, 271 s., ISBN 9781786608963. Novosád, F.: Zabudnúť na Marxa (Forgetting Marx), Bratislava : Iris, 2018, 207 s., ISBN 978-80- 8200-020-0 Dinuš. P. a kol.: Svet v bode obratu. O protirečivosti vývoja civilizácie v 20. a na začiatku 21. storočia (The world at the turning point. On the contradictory nature of the development of civilisation in the 20th and early 21st century), Bratislava : VEDA, vydavateľstvo SAV, 2019, 312 p., ISBN 9788022412278 Öllös, L.: Európai identitás (European Identity), Šamorín : Fórum Kisebbségkutató intézet, 2019, 238 s., ISBN 978-80-89978-09-0

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The Contribution of Wrocław-Based Composers to Silesian and National Musical Culture in Poland after 1945

Author(s): Anna Granat-Janki / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

When attempting to discuss and appraise the contribution of Wrocław-based composers to the Silesian and national musical culture in Poland, one should remember that the Wrocław music milieu came into existence only after the Second World War, and it developed from scratch, with no Polish roots it could refer to. However, in spite of difficult conditions in which it emerged, the milieu of Wrocław-based composers has always been open to new trends and movements. The article presents the achievements of the composers during different periods in the post-war Polish music history of the 20th and 21st centuries in the context of political and cultural changes, which provide a reference frame for the critical discourse. The aim is to determine characteristic features of the music of Wrocław-based composers and assess the significance of their cultural achievements from a local and national perspective.

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Michaela Žáčková Rossi: The Musicians at the Court of Rudolf II. The Musical Entourage of Rudolf II (1576 – 1612). Reconstructed from the Imperial Accounting Ledgers

Author(s): Hana Studeničová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2020

Review of: Michaela Žáčková Rossi: The Musicians at the Court of Rudolf II. The Musical Entourage of Rudolf II (1576 – 1612). Reconstructed from the Imperial Accounting Ledgers, Praha : Koniasch Latin Press, 2017, 209 s. ISBN 978-80-87773-03-1.

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HRUBEC, M. – VORÁČEK, E. a kol.: Čína a její partneři: Interakce v Eurasii. Bratislava: VEDA, vydavateľstvo SAV, Ústav politických vied SAV, 2021, 453 s. ISBN 978-80-224-1877-5

Author(s): Ladislav Hohoš / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2021

HRUBEC, M. – VORÁČEK, E. a kol.: China and its partners: Interactions in Eurasia. Bratislava: VEDA, Publishig House of SAS, The Institute of Political Science of SAS, 2021, 453 p. ISBN 978-80-224-1877-5; ČCHING, Ť.: A Confucian constitutional order. How China’s Ancient Past Can Shape Its Political Future. Praha: Filosofia, Publishing House of the Institute of Philosophy of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 2019, 151 p. ISBN 978-80-700-7600-2

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Zápasy o sebaúctu v ére zbezvýznamňovania

Author(s): Zuzana Kusá,Simona Konečná,Dominika Orišková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2023

Our study follows Alieva’ concept of the process of gradual loss of meaning of self (1994) that reflects outcomes of mass job loss and material insecurity during the economic transformation of the 1990s in Slovakia and focuses on the blue collar families’ experiences in that period from the pragmatist, interactionist and critical theory perspectives (Goffman, Gecas, Schwalbe, Honneth) on self-esteem and dignity as drawing recognition from others and from personal experiences of self-determination. The analysis of the archived life narratives from that period suggests that the loss of paid work did not automatically trigger the process of devaluing self, as the core of self-esteem and identity of blue-collar workers seems embedded in family life that provided more autonomy and recognition from others than their jobs.

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Svědectví o komunismu: Pět „mentalit“ pamětníků

Author(s): Daniel Kunštát / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3/2023

The aim of the article is to outline how the memorial section of the current society constructs the image of the communist era. It focuses on the attributes of collective memory, which indicate not only shared ideas about the past of the communist regime, but also an adequate value orientation in terms of contemporary political identity. The empirical basis of the text is represented by the findings of an extensive quantitative investigation of the "historical consciousness" of the memory generation. Within this framework, five specific types of memory related to the period before the Velvet Revolution are defined.

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The Justinian Plague in literary sources

Author(s): Peter Bystrický / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The study looks into and compares three main contemporary sources describing the first pandemic in 542, also known as the Plague of Justinian—the secular historian Procopius and two church historians, John of Ephesus and Evagrius. The bubonic plague epidemic spreading from Egypt was the most destructive scourge of the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Emperor Justinian I. It had immense direct effects on demography, the economy, craft and agricultural production, construction work and foreign policy too, as large cities and coastal trade centres, including the capital where perhaps up to half of the population was lost to the disease, were the most afflicted. Although Procopius, John of Ephesus and Evagrius all came from different backgrounds and lived under different circumstances, their records and memories complement one another, helping to create a vivid and well-rounded image of the times. Procopius was measured and even impersonal, imitating Thucydides, and while he attempted to describe the symptoms, course of the disease and life in Constantinople as accurately as possible, the moralising John of Ephesus aimed to leave a warning for future generations and so was focused more on the emotional dimension of the tragedy he witnessed in the provinces he had passed through. Evagrius, who himself contracted the plague as a child and later lost his wife, relatives and some of his servants to it, left a brief account, but also precise and to the point. The sudden and unexpected arrival of the bubonic plague, its short incubation period, high fatality rate with no regard for gender, age or origin, as well as the lack of effective treatments and the impossibility determining the origin and/or causes of the disease, deeply shook the whole society, leaving scars on the human psyche and behaviour. A whole spectrum of feelings that are not completely unknown to us after our own experience with the recent pandemic—the initial hysteria and panic were replaced by fear for ourselves and our loved ones and the fear that funeral rites and burials would not be conducted—along with uncertainty, despair, mistrust, doubt, resignation, frustration and apathy can be identified in the work of these three authors, in their testimonies, experiences, varying examples and stories. The authors recorded not only ruthlessness, indifference, selfishness, a refusal to help or the desire to enrich oneself from the tragedy, but also left evidence of fellowship, cooperation and a selflessness among people.

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Royal funeral ceremonies in fourteenth-century Central Europe

Author(s): Dušan Zupka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Death and dying were a ubiquitous reality of the world of medieval society, with lasting effects on the living from all social groups in equal measure. However, for the rulers of the day, the process of dying and the subsequent burial was an important social, political and cultural event. Over time, special funerary ceremonial complexes developed that included a variety of rituals and symbols which indicated the status and importance of the medieval monarchs. This paper compares the funerary rituals and symbols of power on display during the processions of three Central European kings: King Charles I Robert of Hungary (1342) in Visegrád, Buda and Szkésfehérvár, Polish King Casimir III the Great (1370) in Kraków and Bohemian King and Roman Emperor Charles IV (1378) in Prague. Each of these monumental events included a number of common motifs and ritual sequences, though at the same time, local flavour or innovations always came into play. The common denominator of these three ceremonies was that in the spirit of the political theology of the time, all referenced the immortality of the sovereign power and its timeless essence, which sprung from a sacred character sanctioned by God’s grace.

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Sakrální architektura 16. a 17. století na Moravě. Mezi historismem, modernismem a anachronismem

Author(s): Ondřej Jakubec / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

The study provides a new analytical model for interpreting early modern sacral architecture. Theexample of selected buildings from Moravia at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries shows thepossibilities of applying the „anachronistic model“, an alternative to linearly defined autonomist arthistory, especially in the case of Renaissance studies. In contrast, the buildings under study presentthemselves as objects with a specifically heterogeneous temporal identity that simultaneously appliesthe principles of historicity and modernity to the buildings in question.

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Performatívna pamäť, archív a fotografia. Niekoľko poznámok k tvorbe Lucie Nimcovej

Author(s): Daniel Grúň / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2024

The central motif of the essay is a critical examination of the archival turn in contemporary art.Through the lens of the notions such as “performativity”, “memory”, and theories devoted to interpretingthe archive, the text builds on authors who have explored this phenomenon in contemporaryart. The main focus of this essay is on the expanded documentary practice by Lucia Nimcová, herworks relocating and reactivating archival photographs, in which I detect emancipatory potential thatcould possibly inspire those methodologies in art history that deal with the socialist past in Centraland Eastern Europe.

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Becoming Political: Facets of Political Socialization in East-Central Europe (An Introduction)

Author(s): László Vörös / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The article introduces the thematic issue of Forum Historiae, which examines the processes of politicization and political socialization in Central and East-Central Europe during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It situates these phenomena within the broader context of modernizing and nationalizing states, focusing on the challenges of analysing initial politicization among non-elite and subaltern populations. Drawing on insights from social science and historical research, the article critiques static and overly normative frameworks of political socialization and emphasizes the need for a nuanced understanding of how political awareness develops across diverse social, cultural, and generational contexts.

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Political Socialization in Carniola: The Case of the Women’s and Labour Movements and the Relationship between the Public and the Political

Author(s): Irena Selišnik / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The present article details two public movements in Carniola, on behalf of women and for labour, as well as the course of the transformation of the public and political space at the turn the 20th century. The question of the key factors that contributed to the success of these movements is addressed, with answers sought in the context of the resource mobilization theory. The primary focus of interest is relevant successful organisational models and particularly, the mobilization and political socialization of the membership of these movements. Attention is directed towards individuals and their activities within the social networks, as one’s willingness to operate in a social movement and collective action was, for the most part, influenced by the level of embedment in networks.The labour movement and women’s movement operated in a similar manner in many respects, namely via social networks that were usually based on existing acquaintances. Individuals were allowed to join in small groups that empowered their respective members and provided the necessary skills to make public appearances and voice the reasons behind their demands. External stimulus was important as well. In both cases this implies, first and foremost, the Austrian context. Connections between members of the movements were strengthened by joint free-time activities and organized social events. Certain differences did exist between these two organisations, in terms of the social class for example, but mostly in terms of the intensity of the labour movement’s political socialization that became necessary, which resulted in significantly greater pressure exerted by the authorities bringing greater consequences for active individuals in the movement.

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Staging Crisis: Political Cabarets in the Early 1930s Vienna and Budapest

Author(s): Sára Bagdi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The present paper deals with the social context of political cabarets performed in Vienna and Budapest during the interwar period. These cabarets were staged by the Vienna-based Die Sozialistische Veranstaltungsgruppe (Socialist Event Group) (1926–1933) and Barátság (Friendship), the official speaking choir of the Hungarian Metalworkers’ Federation. Both worked in close collaboration with the Social Democratic Party, engaging in political activities like supporting election campaign. Cabarets also provided Barátság the opportunity to bring in unconventional or sensitive subjects. Besides criticizing the oppressive politics of the conservative Horthy regime, including police violence and anti-Semitic laws, comedy sketches also tackled the structural demeanors of Social Democratic party-institutions. The workers’ movement intellectuals who brought these themes onto the agenda of the Hungarian workers’ movement followed international trends and took inspiration mainly from Viennese productions, with the discourse adjusted to fit the local socio-economic conditions. For these reasons, examining the archived cabaret sketches of Barátság alongside the Viennese examples does not only help us to better understand the diverging role of political cabarets amongst the Social Democratic scene, but can also reveal how the Social Democratic parties and their membership tried to mitigate the damage suffered during the years of the Great Depression.

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Communists as the Heirs of Capitalism? The Dynamic Politicization of Zlín/Gottwaldov Post 1945

Author(s): Václav Kaška / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This study deals with the factory town of Zlín in the former Czechoslovakia after 1945, when communists replace Baťa management in the governing bodies of both the company and the municipality. Based on an analysis of regional and central provenance archival materials and contemporary press, and through discursive-historical analyses and considering the perspective of the actors involved, the present study identifies: 1) four informal regional groups of communist elites and 2) two dominant narrative strategies (re)produced by these factions. This paper traces the dynamics of the relationships between these groups and arrives at the conclusion that the main proponents of the post-Baťa narrative were postwar communists from the Baťa factory, while supporters of the anti-Baťa narrative were Hodonín apparatchiks. The first above-named faction dominated city life until 1949. Herein, a more complicated picture of postwar Central and Eastern Europe is presented, where Stalin’s master plan of unidirectional Sovietization was not implemented all at once, and where the possibilities for a range of versions of socialism under Soviet supervision were being realized.

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