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Šiuolaikiniai bibliotekos konceptai tinklaveikos visuomenėje: kontekstas ir požiūriai

Author(s): Laura Juchnevič / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 75/2016

In this article, the author aims to analyze the context (i.e., the influencing factors and tendencies) of library activities in a network society and to present contemporary concepts of what a library is as well as to identify the main elements and determine interplay points among them. The main influencing factors of the network society that have the greatest impact on libraries are identified and theoretically substantiated: a) the growing need for identity of communities and individuals and decentralization of power; b) social structural changes; c) digital technology development and changes in information behavior. The development and changes of libraries in contemporary library concepts are described through internal structural changes of libraries and changes in their relationship with the environment. The factors of the network society determine greater interactivity, participation of libraries, development of services, and use of technology in their activities. The contemporary concepts of library are composed of few elements: infrastructure, human and information resources, technologies, information and library services. The latter mentioned elements are creating and enriching a new connection between library and society with a participatory opportunity. Participation in libraries is defined as an active involvement of society in fashioning library services and contributing to a crowdsourcing process of informational resources. The literature analysis, which is provided in the article, serves of use for researchers interested in the changes of libraries, library field politicians and strategic managers of library activities.

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Informatinio mąstymo įtraukimas į informatikos konkursą: Probleminis sprendimas ir lyčių skirtumai

Author(s): Valentina Dagienė,Eimantas Pėlikis,Gabriele Stupuriene / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2015

The paper discusses the issue of pupils’ cognitive abilities on computational thinking and problem solving in the annually organized contest Bebras on informatics (computer science) and computer fluency. Running the contest for more than ten years in various countries, we have noticed that the pupils (and their teachers) consider the contest activity very engaging and exciting as well as the learning experience in computational thinking and problem solving. The Bebras contest is a medium to involve pupils of all grades (the Bebras contest is developed to be run in five age groups from the primary to upper secondary school) in task solving activities. The crucial point of the contest is questions (tasks): they focus mainly on the informatics concepts, they are short, attractive, and answerable in a few minutes; half of them have the multiple-choice answers and the other half have interactive components (solving by dragging, clicking, sorting, etc.). The performance of the Bebras contest in more than 40 countries during the last years has shown a high acceptance by school students at any level. It also involves a fairly high number of female participants. In the paper, we are going to discuss about how girls and boys have solved the tasks within different age groups, whether there are any differences or similarities, and what particular tasks are (if there are such) for girls and boys.

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Knygų paklausos prognozavimo elektroniniame knygyne galimybės

Author(s): Aurimas Rapečka,Virginijus Marcinkevičius / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 73/2015

In this paper, the efficiency of various demand forecasting algorithms is analyzed. The key goal of analysis is to determine effective and not effective algorithms in the data set used for analysis and to create the best model for demand forecasting in electronic bookstore. Analytic reviews of basic principles of demand forecasting are presented and an effective algorithm in the data set used for experiments is determined. In this case, coefficients of ARIMA model were experimentally selected and this model was experimentally tested with real data set.

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Obiectivele de Dezvoltare Durabilă. Obiectivul 5 : Egalitate de gen şi şanse egale

Author(s): Valentina Vacarciuc / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3-4/2018

The article presents the thematic exhibition ,,Gender Education - a Chance for Change”, which was organized in the reading room “Psycho-pedagogical, real, natural sciences. Arts” of the Scientiﬁc Library USARB . Gender Equality is one of the 17 Global Goals of the Sustainable Development Agenda - 2030. The exhibition contains a selective presentation of library collections and contains information on legislation, policies, documents in the ﬁeld of ensuring and functioning of gender equality policies.

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Luminătorul

Author(s): Dimitrie Poptămaş / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2004

Gheorghe Şincai rămâne pentru noi rodul mirific al Câmpiei Transilvane. Relieful acestei regiuni se deosebeşte de toate celelalte. Localităţile sunt aşezate la poalele dealurilor de lut cu văi brăzdate de ape, când furioase, când secate de secetă. Râciul aşezat pe valea Comlodului este una dintre acestea. Ea devine leagănul în care Gheorghe Şincai vede lumina zilei din rodul dragostei unui harnic şi bogat nobil făgărăşan cu o fiică a locului. Cazul nu este singular deoarece discipolul său, Al. Papiu Ilarian, îşi avea mama originară tot de aici, motive în plus pentru simpatia faţă de înaintaşul şi mentorul său spiritual. De peste coline, Căpuşul de Câmpie ne aduce aminte de Petru Maior, iar Bandul la dat pe Iosif Hodoş, revoluţionarul care şi-a legat viaţa de opera lui Dimitrie Cantemir.

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Anuarul Arhivelor Mureşene, vol. 2

Author(s): Ramona Dragomir / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2004

Review of: Anuarul Arhivelor Mureşene, vol. 2, Târgu-Mureş, Tipomur, 2003, 422 p. + 25 p.

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Un altfel de Supplex… Unele aspecte privind relaţiile interetnice din Transilvania din a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea

Author(s): Monica Marilena Avram / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 8/2009

Supplex Libellus Valachorum, published at Cluj in 1791, is probably one of the most important Romanian ancient books fom Mureş County Library’s collection. Its importance consists not only in its role in the Romanian national movement of the XIXth century, but also in those 12 pages handwritten in Hungarian, that were attached at the end of the book. The manuscript is in fact a petition, written at Vienna, on the 11th of March 1850, and it was signed by „Timotheus Cipariu,” the representant of the Romanian revolutionists; a few days latter, it was presented to the emperor, Francisc Iosif the Ist . The book had only two known possessors - Mike Sándor and the library of the Unitarian Gymnasium from Cristuru Secuiesc. It is difficult to identify the person who had transcribed the petition and it is worth mentioning that the text could not yet be found in any of the documents collection we have studied.

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Alteritate şi identitate religioasă. Consideraţii cu privire la reprezentarea „ereticului” în literatura tipărită în Moldova la mijlocul secolului al XVII-lea (II)

Author(s): Carmen Maria Dorlan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 8/2009

Analysing the content of the printed works in Moldavia at the middle of the XVIIth century, the present paper intends to approach the category „heretic” as a main instrument used in order to better understand the transformation known by the Moldavian ecclesiastical élite at the level of religious imagination, cultural and ecclesiastical politics and the process of religious identity construction. Focusing on the polemical context resulted of the synodal activity at Iaşi, in 1642, the printed works edited the following years are used in order to reconstruct a social typology and to reflect on the way this ecclesiastical élite thought and represented the religious otherness, the politics elaborated at this moment, taking into consideration the fact that any attempt to reconstruct the evolution of a mental representation implies social and temporal contextualising and the significance attributed to it is mobile. It also intends to define the opportunities instrumented by this type of religious propaganda to strengthen the Orthodox Eastern identity and the social control at the lower levels of ecclesiastical structures, revealing a religious discourse on the social relations and realities much more polemic, based on exclusion and marginalization. Identified with the confessions resulted after the Reformation, but also with the Armenian communities existing here, the reconstruction of the „heretic” social type reflects an important effort sustained by these categories intended to improve the sense of religious self-consciousness. On the other hand, edited sources used to reflect this discourse, reveal an important change regarding the process of cultural and religious communication, being percieved as such and instrumented as a vehicle in the process of transmitting information. They also represent important sources for the patterns developed by the Romanian communities as far as religous identity is concerned, during the following centuries.

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Secţia „Cartea Tehnico -Ştiinţifică” la a 30-a aniversar

Author(s): Maria Magdalena Fall / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/2005

The paper is structured on several chapters: Short History; Completing and Organizing the Collections; The Catalogues; The Evidence of the Readers and the Statistic of Borrowed Documents; The cultural - Scientific Activities Organized Between 1974 - 2004; The Librarians of the Department. The foundations of the new department of technical publications was at that moment a necessity, because of the industrial development and also because of the request of qualified specialists on different technical domains. It was the idea of a well-known librarian - Meszáros Jozsef - that was presented to a group of engineers, organized in an association, that finally was put into practice. Thus, on November the 20th 1974 the new department was officially opened to public and its evolution since then was quite ascendent. The department of technical publications permanently increased its collections; thus, in no more than three decades its fonds were enriched with different technical materials, today their number being over 32 thousand publications. Unfortunatelly, the acquisition policy had to change during the last years, because of the lack of financial resources and because of the prices of books. As it expected, for a better circulation of information, there were organized many catalogues, such as the alphabetical one, sistematical, thematical etc. The paper also contains a readers evidence, on criteria such as age, profession etc. and some statistics concerning daily frequency, monthly frequency etc. It is also worth mentioning the fact that between 1974 - 2004 this department was involved in 119 cultural activities, such as picture and photographic exhibitions, scientific meetings etc. In the last part of the paper there is a presentation of each of the librarians that have worked during time at this department.

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Gulyás Károly, un bibliotecar de altădată

Author(s): Réka Bányai / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 5/2006

Gulyás Károly (1873-1948) was born at Debreţin. After finishing the first part of his education, he began his courses at Budapest, studying plastic arts. In 1902 he moved to Târgu-Mureş, teaching painting, calligraphy and other related subjects. In november 1907 he became librarian at Teleki Library and his activity lasted 35 years. During his activity at Teleki Library he proved to be a very determined man, working hard in order to organize the collections on superior level. After profound researches, he published many articles and studies about the most important and valuable documents from library. Probably the most important of his papers is the monography dedicated to Teleki Sámuel, published in 1944.

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Biblioteca Centrală a Universităţii de Medicină şi Farmacie TârguMureş - spaţiu public al informării şi comunicării -

Author(s): Florica_Elisabeta NUŢIU / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 5/2006

The Central Library of Medicine and Pharmacy University from Târgu-Mureş works as an important part of the university system of learning and its development is closely connected to that of the university itself. Its collection - including books, serial publications, data bases etc. - was incessantly growing by specific means and requested a larger space. Thus, at the end of 2005, there were 25 branches, on different locations, according to the domain they were created for. It began the process of modernization and automatization in 2000, by the acquisition of a special library soft, Alice.

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Jeannette Woodward, Biblioteca secolului XXI: managementul construcţiilor de biblioteci

Author(s): Adriana Popa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 5/2006

Review of: Jeannette Woodward, Biblioteca secolului XXI: managementul construcţiilor de biblioteci, Cluj-Napoca, Grinta, 2005, 204 p.

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Triada ardeleană - Samuil Micu, Gheorghe Şincai, Petru Maior - în colecţiile Bibliotecii Judeţene Mureş

Author(s): Monica Marilena Avram / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2007

The triad Micu-Şincai-Maior certainly represents the most important period of the Transylvanian Enlightenment. We choose this triad, instead of adding some other representatives of Transylvanian Enlightenment, because they are closely related to each other, not only in their activity, but also in particular life: they have followed the same cursus honorum, studying and teaching at Blaj, at Vienna and finally working as censors and correctors of Romanian books at the typography from Buda. Therewith, the influence of their works upon social and cultural evolution cannot be questioned. This study does not deal with the importance of the works they have written; its goal is to offer a review over their books that can be found at Mureş County Library. There are 15 books, published between 1780-1853, each of them having specific features. In presenting the works, we have chosen two main criteria: the authors and the chronology. Thus, the first author is Samuil Micu, who’ s name appears on six books: three times as single author, two times as co-author and once as translator (Biblia de la Blaj, 1795). The best represented is Petru Maior; he wrote four books, but each of them is kept in more than one copy (there are, for example, three copies of Istoria pentru începutul românilor în Dachia, two copies of the first edition - Buda, 1812 and one of the second edition, 1834). The last author presented is Gheorghe Şincai, because his work, Hronica românilor was first published in 1853. But his name also appears on Elementa…, published at Vienna at 1805. In presenting the books, we have highlighted all the information that customize them: physical aspect, conservation stage, hand writing annotations, date and place of aquisition, price and other details.

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Biblio - itinerar italian. Tipărituri movilene în colecţia Institutului Pontifical de Studii Orientale, Roma

Author(s): Ştefania-Cecilia Ştefan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2007

The Pontifical Institute of Oriental Studies from Rome has been founded in 1917, by the initiative of Pope Benedict the XVth and its designation was to create a connection between the Occidental and Oriental Christianity. The institute’s library began its activity in 1929 and during decades it became one of the most wealthy libraries, containing religious books concerning information of both christian and non-christian Easten spirituality. The study deals with some of the XVIIIth century editions from Petru Movilă’ s Pravoslavnica Mărturisire, that is sheltered by the institute’ library; it also refers to a coligat, containing Ioan Pustnicul’ s work, Nomokanon, translated by Petru Movilă, and the second edition of an Acatistier, both published in 1629, that can be found in the Library of Romanian Academy.

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Ion Budai - Deleanu Expresivitatea eposului comic

Author(s): Iulian Boldea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2007

Representing the Transylvanian School, Ion Budai-Deleanu is the first great poet that this literary movement has offerred to us. He was an educated man, whose activity as a writer, poet, literary critic and theoretician, historian and linguist is still astonishing. His work is defined as promoting the ideeas of the Transylvanian Enlightenment, that means the Latin origin of Romanians and their language. Considering the shape and the content of his works, obviously it is difficult to classify; it cannot be considered as artistical work, but, in the same time, it grows out of the limits of the historical chronicles. He considered that Romanian language is not appropriate for poetical expression and his intention was to create a new language, an original artistic language, in order to improve poetical vision. Ion Budai-Deleanu is the author of the first Romanian odyssey - Ţiganiada - in an accomplished version. It was called „a treaty about hapiness,” but the main ideea of the poem reffers to the Romanians unity and desideratum.

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Dosoftei şi începuturile poeziei româneşti

Author(s): Iulian Boldea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 7/2008

To speak about the beginnings of Romanian poetry, we first have to take into consideration the way our first poets were related to language, because the poverty of the vocabulary has been an impediment in expressing thoughts and ideeas. We also have to make the difference between popular and intelectual poetry. There is no doubt that Romanians have created poetry, starting with Filotei, N. Olahus and M. Costin; but the first attempts in this direction - meaning the use of Romanian instead of other languages - are connected to Coresi and his printings, Psaltirea slavo-română and Pripealele; we also have to mention Varlaam and his poetic thoughts, expressed in La stema ţării, M. Costin and his Viaţa lumii. The first Romanian poet, whose importance cannot be denied, is Dosoftei. His work, Psaltirea pre versuri tocmită, printed at Uniev, in 1673, is considered to be „the first monument of Romanian poetry.” Starting with him, the Romanian language has found its character as the language of Romanian ortodoxy.

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Alteritate şi identitate religioasă. Consideraţii cu privire la reprezentarea „ereticului” în literatura tipărită în Moldova la mijlocul secolului al XVII-lea (I)

Author(s): Carmen Maria Dorlan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 7/2008

Analysing the content of the printed works in Moldavia at the middle of the XVIIth century the present paper intends to approach the category „heretic” as a main instrument used in order to better understand the transformations known by the Moldavian ecclesiastical élite at the level of religious imagination, cultural and ecclesiastical politics and the process of religious identity construction. The polemical context resulted of the synodal activity at Iaşi in 1642 and the printed works edited the following years are used in order to reconstruct a social typology and to reflect on the way this ecclesiastical élite thought and represented the religious otherness, the politics elaborated at this moment, taking into consideration the fact that any attempt to reconstruct the evolution of a mental representation implies social and temporal contextualising and the significance attributed to it is mobile. It also intends to define the opportunities instrumented by this type of religious propaganda to strengthen the Orthodox Eastern identity and the social control at the lower levels of ecclesiastical social structures revealing a religious discourse on the social relations and realities much more polemic, based on exclusion and marginalization, and the ecclesiastical élite’s awareness of the necessity to improve the level of the religious knowledge through explanation, analogies and the efficacity of the sermons’ content required. Identified with the confessions resulted after the Reformation movement, but also with the Armenian communities existing here, the reconstruction of the „heretic” social type reflects an important effort sustained by these social categories intended to improve the sense of religious self-consciousness. On the other hand, edited sources used to reflect this discourse reveal an important change regarding the process of cultural and religious communication, being percieved as such and instrumented as a vehicle in the process of transmitting information. They also represent important evidence for the patterns developed by the Romanian communities as far as religous identity is concerned during the following centuries.

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Cenzura de cărţi în anii ’50. Tipologia conţinuturilor considerate „periculoase”

Author(s): Klára Lázok / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 7/2008

The study is dealing with the book censorship of the 50’s and it is based on the archivistic materials of the General Direction for Press and Tipography, that may be found at the National Central Historical Archives, and on the related bibliography of this phenomenon. Our intention is to reveal the internal mechanism of editing during this period and to present the main organizational institutions of censorship. Meanwhile, these archivistic materials allowed the author to elaborate a tipology of the censored thematics, considered by the censors the most dangerous ones.

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Protopopul Reghinului, Ariton M. Popa Biobibliografie

Author(s): Ana Todea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 7/2008

During the inter-war period, the archpriest Ariton M. Popa became one of the most important public figures of the socio-cultural life from Reghin. This study, dedicated to him, is divided into two parts; the first one is a brief biography, that points the most important moments of his life; the second part, is a selective bibliography that contains a list of the papers the archpriest wrote during his activity and also a list of references, that means books and articles having as subject his life and activity.

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Education and Employment in Communist Albania

Author(s): Rozeta Bici / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2008

Istoria Albaniei este o luptă continuă pentru independenţă care, deşi a fost obţinută în 1912, a fost păstrată pentru puţin timp. Cele două războaie mondiale, care au afectat întreaga lume, au impus Albaniei un regim de ocupaţie italiană, apoi nazistă; cel care a condus lupta de eliberare, carismaticul lider Enver Hoxha, este totodată cel care a deschis calea regimului comunist în Albania, preluând toate funcţiile-cheie pe linie politică. În încercarea de a crea un echilibru între istoriografia comunistă, care glorifică regimul, şi cea postcomunistă, care îl denigrează, lucrarea de faţă îşi propune să evidenţieze două aspecte sociale - educaţia şi profesiile, considerate prioritare de către liderii comunişti. La preluarea puterii de către comunişti, sistemul educaţional era foarte deficitar; 8% dintre bărbaţi şi 92% dintre femei nu aveau deloc pregătire şcolară. Astfel, guvernul şi-a propus eradicarea totală a acestui fenomen al analfabetismului; măsurile adoptate prin reforma din 1946, după model sovietic, au afectat toate nivelele de învăţământ: au fost stabilite cele patru nivele fundamentale de şcolarizare - învăţământul preşcolar, şcoala generală, liceul şi universitatea, ultimele două având specializări diverse, în funcţie de necesităţile statului; a sporit numărul profesorilor, cu studii de specialitate; s-a pus accent pe educarea adulţilor, prin constituirea aşanumitelor „şcoli de noapte;” au fost fondate principalele instituţii de învăţământ superior; s-a îngăduit studiul limbilor străine, rusa şi engleza etc. Profesiile erau, la rândul lor, sub controlul statului şi în strânsă legătură cu studiile absolvite. Principiul după care se conduceau liderii comunişti era acela de a oferi o slujbă tuturor celor capabili să muncească. O importanţă deosebită s-a acordat şi femeilor, încurajate să renunţe la mediul casnic, în favoarea unei slujbe plătite de stat. Treptat, Albania trece de la statutul de ţară agricolă, la cel de ţară industrializată; s-au construit numeroase fabrici, uzine, sporind numărul angajaţilor; s-a dezvoltat sectorul comercial, schimburile de produse; s-a acordat atenţie sectorului medical. În concluzie, se poate spune că regimul comunist în Albania a avut atât aspecte pozitive, cât şi negative - s-a eradicat analfabetismul, dar copiii comuniştilor au fost favorizaţi; toţi albanezii au un loc de muncă, dar cei cu un trecut necorespunzător standardelor comuniste, nu au posibilitate de avansare etc.

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