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Result 1101-1120 of 1966
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Zur poietischen Funktion von Analogien und Metaphern im interdiskursiven Blickpunkt der Transplantationsmedizin

Zur poietischen Funktion von Analogien und Metaphern im interdiskursiven Blickpunkt der Transplantationsmedizin

Author(s): Roman Mikuláš / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2021

The subject of the analysis is the novel Leben (Life, 2013) by the German author David Wagner. In fact, although designed as a novel, the book is more precisely an autopathography, which presents a personal and authentically reflective look at the experience of one’ s ownillness and describes the medical intervention, the surgical transplantation of a new liver. The medical specialist discourse plays an essential role in this context. Medical knowledge and personal reflections overlap like those areas of meaning from which analogies often emergeand in which metaphors have their origin. In the following, it is a matter of uncovering those areas that are combined to create analogies in order to describe their communicative functionon the basis of their possible implementation in the form of metaphors (also known as between-domain analogies). Particular consideration is given to the role of the medical specialist discourse and the question of how it shapes the analogization and metaphorization of one’ sown experience of illness and the experience of organ transplantation. In doing so, we rely largely on the analytical model based on the theory of figurative language by Hans Georg Coenen.

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Styl doprovodných dialogů

Styl doprovodných dialogů

Author(s): Jana Hoffmannová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2022

Conversations accompanying collective activities are exceptionally appropriate material for the development of "interactional stylistics" (cf. Orgoňová - Bohunická 2018). They display a number of specific aspects, including a low frequency of full-meaning expressions and, conversely, a high frequency of substitute deictic expressions, used when showing and pointing. Characteristic for these dialogues is the observation of the cooperative principle (Grice 1975), above all through various forms of agreement, strengthened by reduplication and intensification (yeah that's it that's it; yeah that's clear, of course); also through speakers repeating after their interlocutors, but also through emphatic, confirmational repetition of their own expressions or the accompaniment of utterances and turns with strong coreference. Less frequent, but striking, are the expressions of motivated, functional disagreement, gradually eliminated through negotiation. Through the use of all of these means, a specific structure of the conversation is created, often based on the actual coproduction of turns, on non-extensive overlaps and on the use of numerous continuers. Here, verbal communication merges inseparably with gestures, movements and facial expressions, which necessarily leads to the use of methods based on the analysis of video recordings.

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Štylistické výskumy v časopise Slovenská reč

Štylistické výskumy v časopise Slovenská reč

Author(s): Daniela Slančová,Stanislava Spáčilová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2022

Stylistics is a topic, which is present in the Slovenská reč journal from its very beginning – not only in scientific studies, but also in essays, reviews, discussions and reports. Slovenská reč is a platform, where the continuous stabilization of stylistics as part of Slovak linguistics can be observed, including the research objectives, terminology and methodology. The majority of articles are focused on the linguo-stylistics and stylistics of communication spheres, based mainly on the concept of functional style – scientific, media, administrative, literary, and common spheres specifically. In the last decades, it is also a religious sphere. In the 1950s, in accordance with its main profile, educational stylistics is preferred; in the 1960s – 1980s, it is textual stylistics and theoretical and practical questions of composition. There are also articles concerning other parts of stylistics, mainly translational stylistics and in the 21st century significantly also pragmastylistics.

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Conceptual Metaphors and Symbols in Romanian and English Proverbs on HEALTH and ILLNESS

Conceptual Metaphors and Symbols in Romanian and English Proverbs on HEALTH and ILLNESS

Author(s): Gabriela Corina Santa (Câmpean) / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Proverbs reflect both similarities and differences between the English and Romanian cultures, and an analysis considering the symbols encrypted in their structure enriches their interpretation. Furthermore, symbols represent a key factor when the conceptualisation of proverbs is performed, as they contribute to a proper analysis. Therefore, a thorough investigation of the symbolic terms within the proverbs is necessary in order to translate, interpret, and conceptualise them suitably. The English possess a different cultural background from the Romanians, which is mirrored in the symbols found in proverbs, reflecting specific attitudes in each culture. However, common approaches and universal symbols are numerous due to the Christian religious background of both the Romanians and the English, while the Celtic roots of the English represent the primary reason for dissimilarity. Hence, the attitudes regarding the concepts of HEALTH and ILLNESS, as expressed in Romanian and English paremiology, are enhanced and clarified by symbolic interpretation.

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Dezvoltarea competențelor de lectură ale studentului-cititor
în baza diverselor modalități de lectură

Dezvoltarea competențelor de lectură ale studentului-cititor în baza diverselor modalități de lectură

Author(s): Lidia Strah / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

With the purpose of efficiency of the Romanian language teaching-learning process, with the main focus n the professional orientation of the alolingual students, it is important to use the authentic teaching material during the formative process of acquisition of skills, particularly in the medical field. The authentic teaching material represents methods, models and terminological blocks based on real life communication situations of the medical students. The students are engaged in these methods of learning and evaluation as they will be valorised in the teaching process and create and environment closer to the compatibility of the communication competences with professional orientation. Such a teaching and learning strategy makes possible the formation and acquisition of a professional image in a present linguistic environment, under different forms of communication.

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Comparative Lexical Analysis of Noun Lemmas in Slovak Judicial Decisions

Comparative Lexical Analysis of Noun Lemmas in Slovak Judicial Decisions

Author(s): Miroslav Zumrík / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The paper presents a comparative lexical analysis of the most frequent noun lemmas in Slovak judicial decisions. The data was taken from the large corpus of decisions provided by the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic, and compared with lemmas from four other corpora. The style of administrative, legal and other highly formalized texts has been receiving attention in recent years, although research into the style of Slovak judicial decisions remains rather sparse, which could partially stem from their idiosyncratic nature. The paper’s aim is thus to focus on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of noun lemmas found specifically in the style of judicial decisions.

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SUSPENDED TIME: FAIRY TALE VS. RAP LYRICS

SUSPENDED TIME: FAIRY TALE VS. RAP LYRICS

Author(s): Natalia Kravchenko,Vira MELESHCHENKO,LIUDMYLA CHERNII / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

The paper identifies the linguistic manifestations of suspended time, represented by chronotopes of the “other world” of fairy tale and certain rap lyrics worlds. The article is aimed at scrutinizing the semiotic, stylistic, conceptual-metaphoric and narrative properties of suspended time in fairy tales and rap lyrics in a comparative aspect, revealed through the use of the textual-semiotic, conceptual blending and stylistic analyses added by the elements of narrative, componential and archetypal analyses, which were applied in 4 consecutive stages of the study. “Suspended” time, defined as a time of everness and standstill, is identified either in the tale oneiric worlds, or the “otherworlds” related to the kingdom of the dead. It is manifested by symbolic images associated with the meaning of “eternity”, by narrative speed retardation and “pause” as well as by connotations of “serenity” and “tranquility”. It correlates with three topoi, denoted by lexical means of indefiniteness and spatialtemporal remoteness; nominations related to the archetypal elements of worldbuilding or their metonymic designations. The temporal distance separating suspended time from narrative time is “iconically” conveyed by the syntactic redundancy of the sentence structure. In rap lyrics suspended time characterizes the world of the rapper’s Ghetto past, metaphorically interpreted as a time loop, or the oneiric world, and is marked by metaphorically reinterpreted symbols of eternity and conceptual metaphors conveying the meanings of “imprisonment”, “lock up”, “vicious circle”, “temporary trap” and “stop”, associated with narrative speed retardation and “pause” and connotating “danger”, “despair” and “vicious circle”.

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„V tých dlhých nociach dlho premýšľavam o tebe, Slavianstvo, náš svete ty!: Slovania a slovanská vzájomnosť vo výrazovom pláne lyriky P. O. Hviezdoslava

Author(s): Vladimíra Vrajová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 01/2023

The paper focuses on the poetic depiction of Slavs and Slavic reciprocity in the poetry of P. O. Hviezdoslav with a national and social theme. The aim is to abstract the authoring strategies, which are applied in the representation of Slavonicity at the lexical and morpho-syntactic level. The research sample consists of 42 poems written between 1868 and 1914 with an explicit Slavic focus. Methodologically, the research falls into the field of general linguistics (stylistics). The results show the dominance of the anthropomorphic principle in metaphorical representation, which also demonstrates the postulates of cognitive linguistics. On the other hand, the functional application of verbal categories is primarily related to the degree of unification of the lyrical subject with the Slavs, but also to the accentuation of their unity/numerosity, (un)favourable state and (lack of) prospects for the future.

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Vzpoura proti spisovnosti: požadavky na jazyk literatury a povídky Jana Zábrany

Vzpoura proti spisovnosti: požadavky na jazyk literatury a povídky Jana Zábrany

Author(s): Petr Mareš / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The language of literary texts is a complex and multiform phenomenon. One of the problems connected with it is the employment of non-standard linguistic varieties. This paper focuses on the especial situation in Czech culture in the 1950s. In that decade, literary critics and linguists strictly required the use of Standard Czech and the restriction of non-standard varieties in literary texts. On the other hand, various inedited works were written the language of which was based on the so-called Common Czech, colloquialisms and slangs. The main part of the paper describes the language of stories by Jan Zábrana (from the years 1954 to 1957) in relation to the official requirements. Zábrana’s stories (published posthumously in the 1990s) represent a radical denying of these requirements. Zábrana depicts spontaneous and informal spoken communication that differs from the idea of cultivated standard expression. Both the figures and the narrator consistently use non-standard linguistic means and colloquial lexicon (including vulgarisms).

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Vyjadrenie metaforických temporálnych súvislostí v slovanskom jazykovom obraze sveta

Vyjadrenie metaforických temporálnych súvislostí v slovanskom jazykovom obraze sveta

Author(s): Maria Dobrikova / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 02/2023

The author analyses the metaphorical verbo-nominal constructions strácať čas (waste time) and zabíjať čas (kill time) in Slovak and Slavic languages. By pointing out the existence of their equivalents in other European languages used in the close area (Hungarian, German, Romanian, Italian), they conclude that the constructions are not exclusively bound to the Slavic environment and call them arealisms. They also examine this structural-semantic model from the aspect of phraseological theory and lexicographical practice, finding out that the lexicographical characteristics of the phrases strácať čas (waste time) and zabíjať čas (kill time) in the dictionaries of the various Slavic languages are not identical. The essence of the phenomenon of time in general is also approached through the views of ancient philosophers and Christian scholars.

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Etický a estetický rozmer františkánskych kázní 18. storočia. Na príklade kázňovej tvorby Dominika Mokoša (OFM)

Etický a estetický rozmer františkánskych kázní 18. storočia. Na príklade kázňovej tvorby Dominika Mokoša (OFM)

Author(s): Angela Škovierová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 02/2023

Dominik Mokoš (1718 – 22.XII.1776) was a Franciscan monk and religious writer who also acted as preacher, vicar, teacher and chronicler in the second half of the 18th century in various regions of Slovakia (such as Nižná Šebastová, Stropkov, Kremnica, Pruské, Okoličné, Beckov) or as a missionary in various areas of Šariš, Spiš, Orava and Poland. He was one of the most prolific authors of homiletic literature in the second half of the 18th century in Slovakia. In his Marian, Christmas and lenten preaching, we can identify intertextual references to the Bible, patristic, medieval and humanist religious literature. This study focuses on how these sources were used by Mokoš in his sermons as well as how he applied formal stylistic embellishments and used rhetorical techniques in an attempt to attract the focused attention of his listeners.

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K explanácii jazykového štýlu

K explanácii jazykového štýlu

Author(s): Juraj Dolník / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2024

The study focuses on the formulation of ideas as a contribution to the explanatory theory of speech style. Ideas relate to the ontological basis of style, the fundamental role of sociocultural meanings, the rationality of stylistic knowledge, and the deep motivation of stylistically relevant linguistic behavior and action in social interaction. The author approaches style from a holistic position based on the belief that speech style is integrated into the ways of human activity as a whole controlled by a pragmatic subject. In the center of attention is the subject of style, who discovered sociocultural meanings tied to the ways of activities, developed the ability of stylistic adaptation to current conditions of social interaction, and learned to deal with stylistic knowledge with appropriate rationality in communication practice. The author also answers the question of what laws and principles underlie the existence of style, its subject and stylistic behavior and actions.

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Josef Jungmann:
teorie a praxe dopisu

Josef Jungmann: teorie a praxe dopisu

Author(s): Lucie Saicová Římalová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2025

Josef Jungmann’s work offers three different sources of data for the analysis of author’s view of letters and epistolary communication: lexical material collected in author’s Czech-German dictionary, theoretical explanation of so-called epistolary style in Slovesnost (“Belles-lettres”), and author’s own correspondence. The relevant entries and lexical material from the dictionary reveal that letters were a relatively important genre in the given historical period and that they were relevant for a large variety of life situations. The theoretical explanation and the examples of letters in Slovesnost reveal that Jungmann’s theory of letter was focused on pragmatic aspects of epistolary communication. The key function of the letter was to maintain the relationship between the writer of the letter and the physically absent addresse. A sample analysis of Jungmann’s letters indicates that the relationship between the writer and the addressee were important in Jungmann’s own letters as well.

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ოთარ ჩხეიძის ენობრივი ცნობიერების აპექტები („თეთრი დათვის“ მიხედვით)

Author(s): Eka Khanishvili / Language(s): Georgian Issue: 8/2024

The study of the writer's language and style has a great place in the Georgian linguistic literature, because as Akaki Shanidze points out, a full and comprehensive appreciation of the writer's work is possible only when the form in which he expresses his thoughts and feelings is taken into account, i.e. if his language is studied. The linguistic world of Otar Chkheidze is outstanding. The writer is generally noticed by a peculiar selection of different linguistic codes and description types. His special, unique style comes from literary traditions and is the result of research. In the present work, some linguistic and stylistic features of Otar Chkheidze's novel "White Bear" are discussed, in particular, the focus is on the function of phraseology, paremic expressions or aphorisms, the relationship with dialect vocabulary, the ‘O’ of other words, the nominative ‘I’ (vowel-based nouns) and emphatic On the frequency of use of ‘A’ and the stylistic purpose of repetition.

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The Evaluation of Metaphoric Perceptions of the Concept of “Geography” by Geography Teacher Candidates

The Evaluation of Metaphoric Perceptions of the Concept of “Geography” by Geography Teacher Candidates

Author(s): Baştürk Kaya,Caner Aladağ / Language(s): English Issue: 52/2024

This study was carried out to reveal the metaphors by geography teacher candidates about the concept of “Geography.” The data of the study were collected with qualitative research method and the study was carried out on the pattern of phenomenology. The data were subjected to content analysis. In order to determine the students’ perceptions about the concept of geography, a semistructured form was prepared, and this form included the sentence of “Geography is like a/an ..........., because ........” Students were asked to complete this sentence in the form. When the findings of the study were evaluated, it was seen that 86 valid metaphors had been produced by the students. These metaphors were coded in terms of their common features and 8 different conceptual categories were created. The prominent ones of these categories were “Geography as the source of discovery and learning,” “Geography as the source of diversity,” “Geography as similar to humanity,” “Geography as the source of peace and acceptance,” and metaphor numbers and frequencies of these categories were high.

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PREBACIVANJE KODOVA U DRAMI GOSPODA GLEMBAJEVI -Analiza na razini riječi

PREBACIVANJE KODOVA U DRAMI GOSPODA GLEMBAJEVI -Analiza na razini riječi

Author(s): Nikolina Pandža / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2018

Jahrhundertlange Sprachkontakte zwischen der kroatischen und deutschen Sprache führten zur Entlehnung, beziehungsweise zur Übernahme deutscher Lehnwörter ins Kroatische. Neben der Entlehnung gibt es jedoch noch andere Aspekte der Sprachkontakte und einer von ihnen ist der Codewechsel. Da er als mögliche Folge der Zwei- oder Mehrsprachigkeit betrachtet wird, haben wir uns in dieser Arbeit für das Korpus des Dramas Gospoda Glembajevi von Miroslav Krleža entschieden. In dem Werk wird das Leben des Zagreber Großbürgertums Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts gezeigt, das zum größten Teil in einem zweisprachigen, kroatisch-deutschen Umfeld aufwuchs. Die Analyse der im Werk verzeichneten Beispiele wird sowohl morphologische und semantische Eigenschaften, als auch soziolinguistische Motivationen der Entstehung des Codewechsels umfassen. Außerdem werden wir uns mit dem Begriff der Entlehnung und Interferenz befassen, einem dem Codewechsel ähnlichen Phänomen, sowie mit den Parallelen und Unterschiedenzwischen ihnen.

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SUBVERZIJA, INVERZIJA, PERVERZIJA – TRI ESEJISTIČKE STRATEGIJE ANGAŽIRANOG SUBJEKTA

SUBVERZIJA, INVERZIJA, PERVERZIJA – TRI ESEJISTIČKE STRATEGIJE ANGAŽIRANOG SUBJEKTA

Author(s): Jela Sabljić Vujica / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2019

Postmodern interpretation of reality as a permanently through discourse mediated construct has a double implication. Firstly discourse resresents not only reality but it also presupposes it: it becomes its substitute (Baudrillard). The interpretation of reality at this level implicates its sign configuration. Secondly self-sufficiency of a discourse presupposes its incompleteness: it is conceived in the purity of difference (Derrida) and therefore sentences to inauthentic repetition. The inability of wholesome creation of reality at this level implies the inability of absolute reality criticism. This paper aims at pointing out those subjective expressions that through special, local interventions interfere into already made reality and hence critically provoke the basic metalanguage of postmodern implications. The essayistic fragments of Benjamin (Oneway street), Adorno (Minima Moralia) and Spicer (Thre Marxist Essays), through subversion, inversion and perversion have managed, respectively, to preserve the discoursive praxis from the obligation of inauthentic repetition. In this manner, the ways of real intervention are connected to the ways of a possible emancipation.

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SEMANTIČKE MIJENE NJEMAČKIH POSUĐENICA U SENJSKIM POKLADNIM NOVINAMA

SEMANTIČKE MIJENE NJEMAČKIH POSUĐENICA U SENJSKIM POKLADNIM NOVINAMA

Author(s): Tomislav Krpan,Senka Marinčić,Ružica Zeljko-Zubac / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2019

The influence of German language onto Croatian language has been going on for centuries. It was most intensive during the 19th century. Therefore we can find German loanwords all over Croatia. The focus of the research is put onto the presence of German loanwords in the carnival newspapers of Sinj in the time span from 1929 till 2015. The German loanword is presented in context in a corpus, contrastively analysed on the semantic level in the process of secondary adaptation, ie. the extention of meaning in a number and in a field.

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DIVINE INTERVENTION AT SEA IN APOLLONIUS OF RHODES’ ARGONAUTICA

DIVINE INTERVENTION AT SEA IN APOLLONIUS OF RHODES’ ARGONAUTICA

Author(s): Nada Bulić,Maria Mariola Glavan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

In this paper the authors discuss the role of divine intervention at sea in Apollonius of Rhodes’ The Argonautica. The sea is characterized in the poem as an inherently dangerous place, thus the need for divine intervention in order to navigate it, either directly or through the use of prophecies and visions; this is especially true of the first three books of the epic poem. While the gods are depicted as themselves being responsible for dangerous sailing conditions, it is also noted that the sea at times represents a danger even to the gods themselves. In the final book of The Argonautica, the sea becomes a place of refuge, healing, and absolution, with a purificatory aspect revealed to be made use of, by both divine and mortal characters.

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IMATE INFORMACIJU, TEMU ILI MIŠLJENJE, A NISTE SIGURNI KAKO IH NAPISATI

IMATE INFORMACIJU, TEMU ILI MIŠLJENJE, A NISTE SIGURNI KAKO IH NAPISATI

Author(s): Silvana Marić Tokić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2022

Review of: Miroslav Vasilj, Novinarski žanrovi: Forme u eri postistine i digitalnih medija, Synopsis, PresSum, Plejada, Zagreb – Sarajevo – Mostar, 2022., 293 str. UDK: 070.4.

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