“Aspirational Capital” and Transformations in First-generation Alevi-Kurdish Parents’ Involvement with Their Children’s Education in the UK

Author(s): Celia Jenkins / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

With a focus on the London Alevi-Kurdish community from Turkey, the aim of this article is to analyse changes in parenting and home-school relations of two cohorts of first-generation parents arriving in the nineties (Nineties parents) and the noughties (Millennial parents). Against a backdrop of national data showing that “Turkish” children persistently underachieve in schools across Europe, this exploration of differences within the first generation challenges deficit models of home-school relations. Through adding “differences within a generation” to intersectional analyses of home-school relations, it facilitates the exploration of parents’ migration context, ethnicity, religion and community. Additionally, the article addresses migrant parents’ access to different forms of capital in navigating the education system. This includes the contributions of children, the community associations and local schools which have made a difference to Nineties and Millennial parents’ relationships with schools. Finally, the analysis demonstrates how community activism can have much more powerful effects than parents acting alone.

“Capital of Despair”. Holodomor Memory and Political Conflicts in Kharkiv after the Orange Revolution

Author(s): Tatiana Zhurzhenko / Language(s): English / Issue: 03/2011

The Great Famine of 1932–33, known in Ukraine as the Holodomor and silenced for decades by the Soviet regime, holds a special place in national memory. It was after the Orange Revolution that the Holodomor became the core of a new identity politics, which conceptualized the Ukrainian nation as a “postgenocide” community, a collective victim of the Communist regime. But the official interpretation of the Famine as a genocide met ambivalent responses in the regions. While formally complying with the official political line, the regional political elites in Eastern and Southern Ukraine often refused to accept the official interpretation of history and sabotaged orders coming from Kyiv. The present article focuses on the official commemoration of the seventyfifth anniversary of the Holodomor in Kharkiv, the former capital of Soviet Ukraine and epicenter of the famine. The “memory wars” in Kharkiv during 2006 to 2009 have revealed more than just tensions between the center promoting a new national identity and a reluctant “Sovietized” region adhering to its political mentality and commemorative culture. In fact, the official narrative of the Holodomor as a genocide and the corresponding memory regime have been contested, renegotiated, and modified on the regional level, through the conflicts and the bargaining of the local political actors. The borderland identity of Kharkiv, its geographic proximity to Russia, added an international dimension to the local memory wars as the Holodomor issue became a stumbling block in Ukrainian-Russian relations.

“He Saw a Black Man in the Street, but Not a Cannibal”. Translation and Political Correctness

Author(s): Michał Borodo / Language(s): English / Issue: Sp. Iss./2018

The article focuses on Kaytek the Wizard, the English translation of Janusz Korczak’s children’s classic Kajtuś czarodziej, originally published in Poland in 1933. Translated by Antonia Lloyd-Jones, the book came out in English with the New York-based Penlight Publications in 2012, almost eighty years after the original publication. The article begins with an overview of the theoretical context of translating children’s literature, with regard to issues such as censorship, political correctness, and ideological manipulations. It demonstrates that contentious passages have often been mitigated, in order to create a commercially or ideologically “appropriate” text, for example in the former countries of the Eastern Bloc, in Spain, or in the contemporary United States. It then describes the context of the publication of the English version of Korczak’s novel, shedding light on the roles of the copyright holder and translation commissioner, the publisher and the translator, and also mentioning the English language reviews of the translation in literary journals. Following that, the article examines the translator’s treatment of the original expressions and passages concerning racial issues, which would be considered racist today. These include references to Africans as “savages”, “apes” or “cannibals”, a reflection of the European racial stereotypes of that period. It is demonstrated that, in her treatment of such lexical items, the translator adopted a middle course, retaining some of the contentious passages but also partly omitting and toning down other controversial examples in question. The article also reflects on the role of, and constraints on, the literary translator, who may be confronted with the ethical dilemma of either respecting the integrity of the original, and recreating the collective consciousness of a bygone era, or appropriating the original text, through eliminating passages which negatively portray blacks, so as to better adapt it to the target context of multicultural American society.

“I’m in a grey zone”: A Narrative Analysis of Return Migration and Ethnic Identity in Mexico

Author(s): Irasema Mora Pablo / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The complex socio-political relationship between Mexico and the United States has created for years the constant migration of Mexicans looking for the “American dream”. The present study initially started as an exploration of the lives of university students who were studying a BA in English language teaching (TESOL) and were trying to adapt to the Mexican educational system after living in the United States for many years. The theme of identity construction was at the core of the study, however, as more was revealed from their stories, other issues emerged from the data, such as ethnic identity, their experiences as transnationals, moving back and forth between Mexico and the United States, and how these experiences encouraged them to pursue a career in English language teaching. The data used for this chapter is part of a larger study of return migration and their incorporation into the Mexican educational system at the university level. This research seeks to explore the process of identity construction of students of a BA in TESOL in central Mexico who have had part of their schooling in the United States and have returned to Mexico. In order to do this, it is important to know more about the transnational experience of these students, how they interpret their past and current experiences and how they construct their future professional identity. Concepts such as transnationalism, return migration and ethnic identity will be defined. Then, the methodology that guided this study will be presented, followed by the discussion of results. Finally, conclusions will be provided, as well as comments and implications of this research.

“MUALLIMOV FORUM” – DIJALOŠKA ARENA O STRATEŠKIM PITANJIMA ISLAMSKE ZAJEDNICE

Author(s): Zehra Alispahić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 82/2020

This article presents a detailed insight into eight yearly column of the magazine titled Muallim’s forum which was published in continuously in the period 2008-2016. This column addressed thirty issues of great significance for the strategic development of the Islamic Community of this region but also of Bosniak community in general. Contributors to this column were renowned university professors, muftis, main imams, imams, religious studies’ teachers and prominent experts in field of practice. Any serious analysis of processes in the Islamic Community of these areas will show that Muallim’s forum and the way it treated some issues and initiated some very significant processes in the Islamic Community of the region, determined its priorities in accordance to its basic mission and encouraged the movement towards a realisation of these processes. Results of some of these processes we are already witnessing especially within the organisational segment of the functioning of the Community.

“Russian World” and Compatriots’ Policies: A View from the Other Side

Author(s): Hanna Vasilevich / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

This text will analyse the framework and limitations of the Russian policies towards compatriots (as defined in the Russian legislation) and the perception of these policies in the countries of the former Soviet Union, whose entire populations might potentially be treated as “compatriots.” The focus will be made on the political speeches and media discourse analysis, as they appear both in Russia and the selected post-Soviet countries (Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine).

„…a diaszpórában működő szervezetek legtöbbjét cserkészek alapították”

Lendvai-Lintner Imrével Gazsó Dániel beszélget

Author(s): Dániel Gazsó / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2019

Diaspora Interviews

„…az elcsatolt területekről származó magyarok fogják Kanadában a magyar közösségi életet továbbvinni”

Szenthe Annával Gazsó Dániel beszélget

Author(s): Dániel Gazsó / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2020

Diaspora Interviews

„Nadprzyrodzone” w redefiniowaniu tożsamości Ukraińców po rewolucji godności

Author(s): Olga Solarz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 19/2019

The issues touched upon in the article concern the impact of the “supernatural” element in re-defining the Ukrainians’ identity during and after the Revolution of Dignity, including the merger of the events’ casualties with the image of an angel hero fighting under the leadership of Archangel Michael against the Yanukovych regime. It instigated the process of the mythologizing victims, whose souls – according to collective imagination – composed the Nebesna Sotnya waging war against evil from the heavens above, while at the same time protecting the living. The community commenced the said re-definition of identity, among others, by referring the initiation hero’s journey, who first fought at Maidan, then proceeded to the battlefield of war, while still remaining under the “supernatural” protection. Moreover, mystical signs only reinforced the rightfulness of taking up the challenge and the righteousness of the very idea.

„Úgy éreztük, hogy a magyar emigráns szervezetek vezetői Amerikában a múltban élnek, és ellentétes politikai céljaikkal szétforgácsolják a közösségeinket. Elhatároztuk, hogy ezen mi változtatni fogunk”

Ludányi Andrással Gazsó Dániel beszélget

Author(s): Dániel Gazsó / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 3/2019

Формирование особой гендерной идентичности советских женщин — железнодорожниц в конце 1960–1980-х годах

Author(s): E. N. Menshikova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 32/2020

The article is based on oral historical sources and oral memories and examines the historical experience of the professional activities of Soviet women who worked in the train control service of the Belgorod Branch of the Southern Railway (Ministry of Railways of the USSR) in the late 1960s and 1980s, as a form of women’s leadership and gender equality formation (the erosion of male dominance) in the manufacturing sector. Specifically, the influence of the profession (working conditions, content of daily work practices, working rhythm, professional self-awareness) on the formation of a particular gender identity among women railway workers is investigated. An analysis of historical material makes it possible to supplement and significantly expand our understanding of how the “new type” of Soviet women, with an independent economic and social status, was formed in the late Soviet period. The materials constitute the informational basis for preserving information about the labor feats of women working at the railroad in the historical memory of Russian people; they open up new heroines, whose personal and professional lives are the subject of the formation in modern society of a positive attitude towards the female presence in the managerial segment of the engineering and technical sphere.

ФРАНЦУСКИ ПОГЛЕД НА УЗРОКЕ РАСПАДА СФРЈ: СЛУЧАЈ „ЕКСТРЕМНЕ ЛЕВИЦЕ"

Author(s): Ivica Mladenović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Within this text, the interpretations of the dissolution of the SFRY by the most prominent representatives of the ‘extreme left’ are presented and analyzed. Introductory part contains essential and interpretive elements, while the rest of the text will disseminate and explain, with the aid of the research technique critical discourse analysis, the key elements that determine different standpoints of the ‘extreme left’ with regard to the dissolution of the SFRY. It is persuasively shown that the difference in the angle of view are caused by their different ideological characters, as well as historically founded differences with regard to their view on the existence of Yugoslavia, understanding of self-management, ‘titoism’, as well as the character of revolutionary Party.

ФУНКЦИОНАЛИЗАМ ТАЛКОТА ПАРСОНСА У ПОКУШАЈУ ОБЈАШЊЕЊА ЕТНИЧКИХ ОДНОСА

Author(s): Valentina Sokolovska / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 4/2005

This paper discusses the functionalistic approach of Talcot Parsons to the problem of ethnic relations. The paper consists of four parts. In the first one the author starts with the basic assumptions of functionalism important for Parson’s approach. The second part is dedicated to his understanding of ethnic relations as broaden groups of relatives and adherent features created by this identity. The third part is about changes in Parson’s analyses towards the feeling of belonging and non-belonging, solidarity and voluntary status of ethnic identity. The last one deals with the critique of Parson’s explanation of ethnic relations.

Хердерово схватања нације

Author(s): Dušan Dostanić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2012

In this article the author deals with the conception of a nation by the German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder. In this paper is pointed out Herder’s conception of language as the main feature of the nation. In addition, special attention was paid to Herder’s notion of “national spirit”. According to Herder, every distinctive characteristic of a nation is essentially a product and a manifestation of a “national spirit”. In the third part the author deals with German philosophers view upon the question of relations between different cultures. Thus the fundamental features of Herder’s cultural nationalism are indicated as well as his relationship with enlightment’s cosmopolitism. The purpose of this work is to emphasize the roots and the beginnings of the modern considerations of nation, nationalism and national identity.

ХОРВАТСКАЛ ПОЛИТИКА В КОРОЛЕВСТВЕ СХС

Author(s): Silkin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2003

“The issue of Croatia” was of utmost importance for the destiny of the Kingdom of SCS. The direct arena of Serbian-Croatian clashes were Croatian territories, united with Serbia in 1918. At the beginning of the 1920s, aspirations for integration of the Serbs in Croatia were directed by Svetozar Pribicevic. At the head of the Croatian separatist movement was Stjepan Radio. At the end of the third decade of the 20th century they kept the confidence of the masses but both of them altered their platforms. Once the irreconcilable opponents, they now became the collaborators. Pribicevic’s and Radic’s Union, so unexpected for their contemporaries, does not seem like that today. Since establishing the Kingdom of SCS, these “antipodes” challenged each other’s right to monopoly of representing, politically, Croatia in Belgrade and Europe but at the same time they contributed to strengthening each other’s position, knowingly destabilizing the country. At the end of the 1920s, the aspiration for revenge on the natives of Serbia, the need for finding their place while the parliament was in crisis and gradual usurpation of the power by King, forced the leaders of Croatian peasants’ party and Independent Democratic party to end their rivalry and establish a coalition named “Front of Vojvodina”. This way it was more convenient for them to lead the War against Belgrade and control the situation in Croatia.

Храбро и корисно уставно-правно и политиколошко штиво

Author(s): Mile Dmičić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 7/2014

Приказ/Review: Доц. др Радомир Нешковић: “Недовршена држава” – политички систем Босне и Херцеговине, Фондација „Фридрих Еберт“, Бања Лука, 2012.

Храна и публичност: срещи в празника

Author(s): Rayna Gavrilova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2018

The proposed paper is an attempt to examine and discuss the relation between social interactions, festivity, and food in the beginning of twenty-first-century Bulgaria. Topics of interest are the specific forms of public space and the participation during two types of events: the festivals of individual towns and the political kurbans. The article examines the extent to which the communal celebrations have “enter[ed] the service of economic and political propaganda” (Habermas). Both types of events are organized “from the top” – they are planned, financed and practically performed by people who possess political power. Furthermore, they both include certain forms of distribution of free food; thus, the author comes to the conclusion that the consumption of offered food and drinks binds the participating individuals in a somatic and emotional mutual experiencing the celebration. Commensality is a form of participation, which by definition is voluntary and unarticulated inclusion. The citizens are a quiet audience (public, n. in Bulgarian) of the activities presented on stage but enthusiastic participants in the shared meals.

Хришћански родољубиви оптимизам и реализам др Александра Раковића

Author(s): Aleksandar S. Živković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2017

In this article, the author considers religious- political and cultural- historical chronicle lead in 2013–2016 by Aleksandar Raković. It is pointed out that his basic standpoint is Christian optimism which does not represent blind faith in the „correct“ progressive course of history but the stance of trust in God’s mercy, the mercy that allows us to work hard and genuinely on our own salvation and on the salvation of our neighbors. In his approach to patriotic upbringing of present- day generations, Aleksandar Raković opposes indoctrination of pessimism, which, from a Christian point of view, is nothing less than organized indifference for our neighbors.

ХУДОЖНЄ ОФОРМЛЕННЯ МАСОВИХ СВЯТ КИЄВА РАДЯНСЬКОГО ПЕРІОДУ: 60–80-і роки ХХ ст.

Author(s): Iryna Maslova-Lysychkina / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 1/2014

In the article are researched peculiarities of mass celebrations setting in 60-80's of the XX century in Kyiv. There is established that mass celebrations in Kyiv had mainly state and official character of the period. In this regard the setting of celebrations (posters, banners, portraits, stands, musical accompaniment and theatrical performance) subordinated to the ideological content and had propagandistic trend.The article outlines that the Soviet past of Ukraine further largely continues to define our mentality, mode of life, pattern of behavior in society. One of those Soviet "remnants" in Ukrainian society is some mass celebrations. It is states that in general the phenomenon of mass celebrations is an important part of social and cultural realities of our time and used as a communication technology, as a method of consolidation of various communities and way of broadcasting a variety of social ideas.The aim of the article is the study of specific setting of mass celebrations in Kyiv during Soviet period in 60-80 years of the XX century.The most developed in domestic scientific researches is ethno-cultural aspect of holiday phenomenon (V. Borysenko, M. Havryluk, M. Zakovych, S. Zubkov, O. Kurochkin, P. Sokolov, I. Sukhanov). Holiday as a social phenomenon studied Y. Belousov, D. Genkin, K. Zhyhulskyy, A. Mazaev, E. Kaverina, A. Nekrylova, O. Nemyro, A. Piotrowski, V. Propp, S. Turin, D. Uhrynovych, N. Hrenov, O. Shcherbynin, and L. Shumikhina. Specificity of holiday as a symbolic form of culture reveals O. Popravko. In scientific studies of T. Gayevska and J. Slutskaya holidays analyzed as a part of Soviet culture. Some aspects of mass celebrations setting in Eastern Ukraine in the 60's and 80's of the XX century studied O. Penkova.At the beginning the article proved that mass celebrations played an important role in Soviet culture. Besides the entertainment function they had ideological significance. Soviet ideologists V. Lenin, N. Krupska, A. Lunacharsky and others emphasized the importance of consolidation official and national celebrations as a part of cultural state development and ideological activities. Since the early 60's of the XX century began a new stage in the development of mass celebrations, which were caused by profound political changes in the Soviet Union after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party. According to the O. Penkova’s research in this period, "the state returns to human beings at the first time". However, mass celebrations in the USSR kept its state and political character. The state established official holidays and was trying to turn them into public tradition. According to the Decree of the USSR Supreme Soviet "About the holidays and memorable dates" from the 1st of October 1980 to the category of nationwide celebrations were included the anniversary of the October Revolution – on 7–8 November, V. Lenin's Birthday – on 22 April, International Day of Worker's Solidarity (Labour Day) – on 1–2 May, Victory Day of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 – on 9 May, USSR Constitution Day – on 7 October, National Day of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – on 30 December, Day of the Soviet Army and Navy – on 23 February, International Women's Day – on 8 March.Then the article passes to the statement that the state established official holidays and was trying to turn them into public tradition. The special feature of these key holidays was a clear organization that carried out by apparatus structures of the Communist Party. Commissions were engaged in preparation for the holiday, which were created in all steps of the party vertical. The trade unions, The Young Communist League (komsomol), the administrations of enterprises and institutions also carried out decisions of the party apparatus. The basic forms of the mass celebrations were meetings and demonstrations during the 60-80's of the XX century in Kyiv. Together with parades of various kinds (military, sports, etc.) they were the main forms of expression festive aesthetics of the Soviet era. Involvement to the celebration of state holidays began with early childhood. The main form of mass state holidays in Kyiv were demonstrations of workers that took place on the 7th of November and the 1st of May. The celebration of the 1500th anniversary of Kyiv in 1982 became a significant mass celebration in Kyiv in the Soviet period as well.In the conclusions is revealed that setting of mass celebrations is closely associated with ideological content of the Soviet period (the 60-70's of the XX century). In Kyiv such mass celebrations as Victory Day, May Day, Day of the October Revolution and others necessarily were held in the form of meetings and demonstrations. At the time of the events constantly were used state symbols, portraits of leaders and senior communist party leaders, Heroes of the Great Patriotic War and the Socialist Labor. In order to ensure solemnity and emotionality in the setting of mass celebrations were applied large stands depicting the Kyiv emblem or symbols of Kyiv enterprises. Banners with slogans, posters, music of patriotic character, elements of theatrical performances involving athletics and choreographic groups were also widely used.

ЧИНИОЦИ НЕГОВАЊА НАЦИОНАЛНОГ И КУЛТУРНОГ ИДЕНТИТЕТА У ВОЈВОДИНИ

Author(s): Dragan Koković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1-2/2003

This article considers the most important factors of national affiliation and cultural identity cherishing among the largest nations and national minorities in Vojvodina, the north Province of the Republic of Serbia. The consideration is based on the empirical data's collected thru wider research of multiculturalism in the mentioned region. According to the polling, the most frequent factors of the national affiliation sense cherishing are "to observe tradition and custom" and "education of children in the spirit of national culture", while in the case of cultural identity preserving they are "formal education" and "family education of the children". Explaining the characteristic attitudes of the questioned citizens, the authors are of the opinion that the collected data's are strongly pointing on the rise of traditionalism in vojvodinian/serbian society, which needs further studies and new theoretical explanations.