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„Абсолютна метафорология“ ли е „абсолютната митология“? Мостът между Лосев и Блуменберг

Author(s): Silvia Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2-3/2017

The article seeks to find and highlight the conceptual links between Losev’s “absolute mythology” and Blumenberg’s “absolute metaphorology”, viewed in the context of Blumenberg’s work on myth. For this purpose, the simultaneous affinity and contradistinction of myth and metaphor is taken as a support; the two are seen in their inevitable dialectic and in the ontological impossibility of one existing without the other. This dialectic marked Schelling’s idea of primordial (pre-mythical, pre-metaphorical) monotheism, of consubstantiality with otherness. For it’s part, Schelling’s philosophy of myth produces a kind of “mythology of the lost paradise”, which the author outlines in the article, beyond the formulations given in Schelling’s early and later writings. The author thereby proposes a possible way of consolidating the bridge between Losev’s and Blumenberg’s ideas.

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Паметта като проблем пред мисълта (ноематика на забравата)

Author(s): Andrey Leshkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2-3/2017

Here we attempt to delineate a vanishing point of consciousness, the point where its contents are lost track of. This leads to a phenomenology of forgetting, which impresses an orientation to that which acts preconsciously within consciousness itself. When the vanishing point is reached, that point becomes its own other. This recession marks its flowing-away in time. However, the point is wedged between the limits of horizons. In the reduced world, that which is encountered horizontally is connected by the I can as a mode of access. For an I, all the horizons are modalities of forgetting. Its prevalence testifies to the finitude inherent in the ἔκστασις of consciousness. Here, cognition itself is based on a forgetting: anything known as enduring is pitted against the forgotten. And We have to face the forgotten in order to reveal forgetting’s contemporaneity with reflection. But in forgetting, I must be aware of forgetting: I is ineluctably implicated in cognizance (as illustrated by an approach to Husserľs intertwined themes of finitude and temporality). The phenomenology of forgetting points towards the situation of individuals and puts them vis-a-vis it in a reflective responsiveness, relating them to thinking in such a way that they can know themselves as being present in their thoughts. We should reconsider, then, the conviction that the transcendental ego no longer represents an abiding insight.

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Екстатичната времевост като общ корен на δύναμισ и ἐνέργεια

Author(s): Vladimir Radenkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2-3/2017

The article offers an interpretation of the two Aristotelian concepts in the perspective of their productive assimilation by Heidegger. Primary to this interpretation is the assumption that the German philosopher reveals the possibility of thinking of δύναμις and ἐνέργεια as different and co-belonging aspects of the unitary structural integrity of the way in which the disclosure of the existing in its being is effectuated, a disclosure that is constitutive for human existence. First of all, based on the texts that present Heidegger’s reception most fully and coherently, the article attempts to show that, according to Heidegger’s interpretation, δύναμις is essentially an ec-static possibility of existence and as such it has its own constraint in terms of being located in the perspective toward some production (εργον), i.e. it is performed as ἐνέργεια. Further on, the article presents Heidegger’s understanding, merely alluded to by the German philosopher, that the two concepts have a common root in the so-called ecstatic temporality – together with the concept of λόγος, they are referred to the three “consubstantial” moments of this temporality. Finally, in a productive step, the article sketches the thesis that in every non-everyday reference of a human being to the existent, there is an "interference" between the available inventory of δύναμις (misinterpreted as an present possibility) and the temporal horizon (which transcends the present) of the co-belonging δύναμις and ἐνέργεια.

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Alegorija smrti ili smrt alegorije

Author(s): Aleksandar Zistakis / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 0/1994

In Bertolucci's "Conformist" there is a scene in which the conformist meets his one-time professor of philosophy. They evoke old memories and, in that context, mention professor's lecture on Plato's allegory of the cave. The scene, as well as the film itself, happens in fascist Italy between two world wars. In between those old days and the time of the meeting, professor had openly declared himself as a fascist and became a member of the Party.

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Nova usamljenost

Author(s): Jovan Čekić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 0/1994

How to use the energy of catastrophe, and is the thing that is happening today really a renewal of time? In his book "The Years Eaten by Locusts" Borisav Pekic anticipated the renewal of time here in the Balkans. The time structure round which this book has been built shapes itself into a seemingly simple texture.

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THE ILLOCUTIONARY ACT AND THE POWER OF THE MESSAGE

Author(s): Ștefan Vlăduțescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This study is circumscribed to the pragmatics of communication. The thesis under investigation is whether the message is a practice of power. It is found that between the communicators there is an inevitable and always denied war for control of communication. The fight to impose meanings is fought on all available channels. Predominantly, the conflagration of communication is one of words. The imposed illocutionary acts contribute to the power of the message. The conclusion reached is that the message is a matter of power: any message aims at the accumulation, preservation and / or imposition of power.

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Džabirijeva hermeneutika: - Epistemološko čitanje Ibn Rušdova teksta

Author(s): Orhan Bajraktarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 22/2018

Epistemology is a theory of sciences, their methods and systematization. This is not a text about epistemology, its sources, meanings, texts and contexts, but about the scope and frontiers of this term in Jābiriʼs epistemological reading of Ibn Rushdʼs philosophy. This text also discusses its role as an essential aspect of Neo-Arabic tradition and culture in our time. In Jābiriʼs view there is a special linguistic system in Arabic-Islamic philosophy known as bayān. In the formative phase of Islam (ʽaṣr tadwīn) this linguistic system spread to all sciences and disciplines such as grammar, law, theology, language and style. In this context, Jābiri thinks that all the questions, areas, themes and subjects of Ibn Rushdʼs text may be reduced to forms and figures in the complex relationship between philosophy and religion: the purpose of the commentaries and summaries of Aristotleʼs works was to bring Aristotle and philosophy closer to the mentality and understanding of the Arabic-Muslim public opinion.

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EL-KURTUBI - SLAVNI ANDALUZIJSKI MUFESSIR

Author(s): Dževad Šošić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 15/2011

A prominent Andalusian scholar Abu Abdullah Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Qurtubi, a member of Maliki Law School, made a significant contribution to the development of various Islamic sciences, particularly the development of Qur'anic exegesis. His work Al-Jaami' li ahkam al-Qur'an, written in more than twenty volumes, is considered to be one of the most valuable achievements of Qur'an interpretations.

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Топос «стояние на костях» в древнерусских повествованиях о битвах

Author(s): Lidia V. Sokolova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2021

The article presents the analysis of the stoyanie na kostyakh (standing on bones) topos, which is present in battle narratives of the 13th–17th centuries. In battle chronicles this topos is most often expressed by the verbal formula stal na kostyakh (meaning “he has won”), referring either to a prince or to soldiers in general. Instead of the formula stali na kostyakh (they have won), it is sometimes reported how many days the victorious soldiers stoyali na kostyakh, that is, how many days they stayed at the site after the battle. The most interesting use of the topos is revealed in the The Tale of the Battle with Mamai. In this text the fixed expression stal na kostyakh refers to Prince Vladimir Andreevich, whom the author depicts as the main hero of the battle, despite tradition. At the same time, the author provides a detailed account of the stoyanie na kostyakh ritual performed by the victorious soldiers led by Dmitry Ivanovich and reports that “the great prince has been standing on the bones for eight days behind the Don.” Both ancient Russian authors and modern researchers understand the meaning of this ritual reflected in the works of poets and artists in different ways.

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The Vulnerability of Animal Life in Derrida’s Philosophy

Author(s): Patrick Llored / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Derrida has been preoccupied by the animal from the beginning to the end of his life. It can be found from the first to the last texts, but its presence is always subjected to new formulations and explications, as if the question of the animal in Derrida’s thinking could never be exhausted: indeed, nothing and nobody can seemingly exhaust it… Our reading takes this inexhaustibility as its starting point in order to examine one of the last concepts reworked by Derrida towards the end of his life, to which his readers have hitherto paid scant attention: the concept of vulnerability. This article probes into the possibility for this concept to allow us to reread in depth Derrida’s relevant texts as a unified body of works, albeit without claiming to exhaust their meaning(s).

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Înfrângerea şi/sau cucerirea corpului de neatins din basmul fantastic românesc

Author(s): Costel Cioancă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2014

Place and significance in the traditional mentality led body, especially in some epic productions at a certain determinism of being. Quality double body (biological and spiritual), allowed to imagine a traditional mentality an epic scheme which they can pose to the daily, the need for something else, non-ephemeral, the transreality. Where is the subject brought me into the discussion in this study, in which the hero always tries to close, purpose erotic and marital, a superior being to his human nature, profane, ephemeral. Coveted, sought so feminine beings produce in psychology hero, by their nature substance, a certain re-structuring, re-psychological and behavioral modeling which eventually will give meaning and motivation epic. But how and why it will get here? What are the traditional epic scenarios ahead for final success? Where are located, epistemic speaking, such situations? Phenomenologically, all these efforts the hero had only a social basis or reflects a (diluted) scheme mythical thinking, absolutely necessary for self-fulfillment of the individual person who is the hero?

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Метафизическото мислене като трансценденция

Author(s): Georgi Donev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The article aims to substantiate the genesis of consciousness and self-consciousness through metaphysical thinking. Metaphysical thinking is explicated as a transcendence that a priori determines every possible object of consciousness. In this sense, metaphysical thinking determines a priori the unity of existence. Existence is explicated as a unity of the interpretive models of consciousness. Thus, metaphysical thinking is seen as a function of the transcendent unity that is the a priori truth of the consciousness’ genesis. The logical relation between metaphysical thinking and consciousness is expressed by asymmetric implication. In this way, existence in the language of consciousness is phenomenologized. Thus arises the ontological understanding of existence. In this sense, metaphysical thinking determines the transcendental form of consciousness and the ontological form of existence.

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EXPLORATIONS ON THE EVENT OF PHOTOGRAPHY: Dasein, Dwelling, and Skillful Coping in a Cuban Context

Author(s): Justin Michael Battin / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

In the summer of 2016, the author traveled to Havana to begin preliminary work on an interdisciplinary visual ethnography project. While venturing primarily on foot, he took hundreds of high-resolution photographs and interviewed people at random across several localities about their daily routine, their neighborhood, and their expectations about what was to come following the [then] normalizing of relations with the United States. Of the utmost importance to this work was the special attention granted to the inhabited locale where each photograph and interview took place. This article explores these photographs through the lens of the “event of photography,” a term emphasizing the temporal moment when a photographer, photographed subject, and camera encounter one another. With this interpretation, photographs are positioned as historical documents and the practice of photography as a civil and political matter, thus inviting new possibilities to read political life through its visual dimension, as well as to trace different forms of power relations made evident during the ‘event.’ This paper uses phenomenological reflection to explore the meshwork manifestation of these power relations, and articulate how they provide insights about one’s place and responsibility within that ‘event’ in a range of relational contexts.

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La figure de l’artiste dans la littérature française ultra contemporaine : de l’analyse thématique vers le portrait de l’homme

Author(s): Adriana Lastičová / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2022

This paper aims to contribute to the study of the figure of the artist through thematic analysis of several recent texts published in French. The author examines the main themes linked to the artist-protagonist, classifies them in hypernymic categories and shows that in the works of some contemporary French authors (Houellebecq, Grainville, Gailly, Le Guillou) the figure of the artist loses its romantic features, inherited from the artist novel of the nineteenth century and increasingly takes on anthropological dimensions to convey the values of the human quest. According to the author, hermeneutic interest in these works should consist in deciphering their full potential in terms of meaning beyond the surface of the artist novels.

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HERMENEUTIC VALUES OF GENIUS IN MODERN PHILOSOPHY. IMMANUEL KANT AND ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER

Author(s): Bogdan Guguianu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

The present study aims at capturing the hermeneutic values that the concept of genius has acquired in the modern period exclusively by referring to the meanings this term had in ancient culture and civilization. The study is structured into three main sections except for the introduction and conclusions. The first will present the meanings that this concept had in the ancient period, evoking also the etymology of the word. The second is devoted to the evaluation of Immanuel Kant’s hermeneutical views of genius while the third provides an evaluation of Arthur Schopenhauer’s views on the topic. In this way, it will be possible to pinpoint the elements of influence and the cultural heritage represented by genius in relation to modern philosophy.

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Aesthetic Uses of Psychoanalysis in Theodor W. Adorno’s ‘Notes on Kafka’

Author(s): Washington Morales-Maciel / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article argues that for Theodor W. Adorno psychoanalysis illuminates the nature of literary interpretation. Particularly, Adorno’s metacriticism defines the interpretative procedures of literature and some affinities between the aims of literary and psychoanalytic interpretations. However, his arguments do not rest on a ‘top-down’ analysis but on a ‘bottom-up’ one. So, this article also argues that Adorno’s interest in Franz Kafka’s oeuvre focuses on literary criticism and defends some theses on metacriticism. Nevertheless, for Adorno, interpreting literature implies switching the reader’s attention from ordinary meaning understanding to aesthetic appreciation. In this respect, my article finally argues that what Adorno called (literary) ‘gestures’ works as the resource for metacriticism, analogous to Freudian slips.

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Mental Health Analysis Using Philosophical Tenets

Author(s): Edmond Charley / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Philosophical beliefs or principles can help healthcare providers establish effective approaches to mental health analysis. This article aims to demonstrate how modern philosophical tenets could improve mental health analysis from diagnosis to treatment. It describes the role and importance of philosophical approaches, including the Gadamer philosophical hermeneutics, in providing alternative approaches to mental illness treatments as an interdisciplinary field combining practical views and methods of the philosophies of mind, neuroscience, psychology, and moral philosophy. This is achieved by exploring the evolution of mental illnesses, the philosophical views on the manifestation of psychiatric disorders, scientific and philosophical viewpoints, and insights on applying Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics to mental illnesses. Gadamer’s viewpoints present essential philosophical foundations that could solve the crucial problems associated with the antecedent theories of mental illnesses. Overall, the philosophical viewpoint requires patient diagnosis and treatment approaches that holistically consider the use of language in all interpretive practices, cultural phenomena, patients' histories, and environmental factors that are critical sources of hermeneutic experiences.

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NIGHT, COSMIC AND ANTHROPOMORPHIC ELEMENT IN GRECO-ROMAN AND ROMANIAN MYTHOLOGY

Author(s): Liviu Olteanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

Among the most significant cosmic elements, Night brings into its mystical essence a multitude of myths and legends encountered since antiquity. If we refer to Greek mythology, Night is personified by the goddess Nyx, one of the most emblematic deities, also having the greatest cosmic forces in the Universe. It had the power to direct the shadows over the whole world, creating with their help, the Night. Goddess Nyx is presented as an enigmatic captivating entity, guiding the whole world to restful and healing hours. In Roman mythology, Night is associated with Nyx and Nox, respectively. The Roman goddess of night is presented to us as a woman with large black wings, wandering the sky throughout the night. She is the twin sister of the goddess Dia (day), also bearing the name Ceres. In Greco-Roman mythology, the time of night is considered the time when deities meet, a time dedicated to completing tasks. Even in mythological accounts, night is remembered in stories of Eurydice or Orpheus, Selene or Endymion. Romanian mythology brings to the fore a multitude of legends and mythological figures associated with the night. Its occurrence is associated with various mystical events. This connection between night and sacred space is marked by an inexhaustible source of rituals implemented in the consciousness of the person from the rural environment.

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Recenzie: Liviu Iulian Cocei: Homo ironicus. O abordare antropologică a ironiei filosofice, Editura Eikon, Bucureşti, 2022

Author(s): Ivan Ivlampie / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 12/2022

The book Homo ironicus explores the anthropological dimension of irony, starting from philosophical questions – Who are we, who are our ancestors, how deep are our origins – questions asked by every curious individual about their own genealogy, but which are especially the major questions of humanity. In this second case, the spectacle of the searches and answers is fascinating.

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Heidegger’s Political Anthropology

Author(s): Harald Seubert / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2024

The article is an in-depth review of the origin and development of Martin Heidegger's philosophical ideas with a main emphasis on his political anthropology. The basic concepts of Heidegger's philosophical system, as well as the social and political conditions of their formation and change, are examined in detail. In the text, lines are devoted both to the influence of Heidegger's philosophy and to the evaluations of it by the philosopher's contemporaries and later researchers. The idea that the story of Heidegger's life cannot be separated from his thinking is successfully defended, especially since his political ideas or delusions have a concrete origin in the social and conceptual processes of Europe in the middle of the 20th century.

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