Perceptions of Power: Purple in Archaic Greek, Ancient Mesopotamian Inscriptions, and the Hebrew Bible

Author(s): Ellena Lyell / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Purple in the ancient world held common characteristics: symbolic of power, wealth, and beneficence. Purple was also thought to be produced and imported from the Phoenician area, situated along the Levantine coastal shore. Yet between different literature circles, the specifics of purple diverged widely. This article explores the social function of purplematerial (and its inherent purple-colour) in the Hebrew Bible in light of wider ancient Near East and eastern Mediterranean texts. As with any given cultural material, the meaning of purple is relative; it is differentially significant according to audience, context, subject matter, and the qualities of the material. By utilising a sociological and comparative approach, in the following I consider the use of purple in Homeric epic, ancient Mesopotamian inscriptions and biblical texts. I demonstrate that purple pigments and dyes, as well as the purple-colour of the object to which the pigments/dyes is applied, is a key means to communicate something culturally-specific. In so doing, this ultimately provides fresh insight into the texts and offers a glimpse into the thought processes of ancient society.

GIOTTO DI BONDONE, GIORGIO DE CHIRICO VE ALBERTO GIACOMETTI’NİN ESERLERİNDE PERSPEKTİF VE PERSPEKTİFİN HERMENÖTİK YAPISI

Author(s): Ayşe Önuçak / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 94/2022

Giotto di Bondone (1267- 1337), Giorgio de Chirico (1888-1978), Alberto Giacometti’s (1901- 1966) art works analyzed in terms of symbolical value and construction of semantics through perspective and standpoint. The main proposal of the article is, the framer impact of perspective as a conceptual abstraction method and metaphysical manner in between the ontological relation of subject and object in Trecento period and Modern Era. Perspective manner is handled as a linguistic form, which serves constructing the impact and semiological meaning correspondingly to the philosophical, ecclesiastic and intellectual dynamics of the era, rather than positioning objects in space plane due to specific physical and retinal proportions. On this context perspective has an emphasis that shapes the semiotic form of the artwork from within the approaches of eras and artists to the physical world. Therefore perspective has been considered for its hermeneutic structure that provide linguistic a basis. The approach to the artists is in the terms of perspective manners in their artworks, in which perspective is discussed from the viewpoint of metaphysical values and the conceptual way instead of the formation of the physical objects. Perspective construction has been analyzed through a semiologic manner by considering the sociological, intellectual structure of the era, rather than the formalist tendencies in art history.

Space, Dwelling, and (Be)longingness: Virginia Woolf’s Art of Narration

Author(s): Małgorzata Hołda / Language(s): English Issue: 65/2022

The supple and ever-present search for the possibilities offered by the narrative form in fictional writing corresponds to the use of the narrative as a mode of understanding and explaining our being-in-the-world in philosophy. The intimate liaison between the realm of fictional imagination and that of human everydayness inspires writers to seek ways to tackle issues of temporality, the conflicting character of human drives, and the ultimately unresolvable tension between finitude and infinitude. As a literary and philosophical category, the narrative remains an inexhaustible space for the exploration of the way we understand our lives. I propose a hermeneutic investigation of the interactions between the art of narration and the categories of space, presence/absence, and (be)- longingness as evoked in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway. This article engages Martin Heidegger’s hermeneutics of facticity, and, more specifically, his notions of homelessness and homecoming, to shed light on the inimitable character of Woolf’s artistic representations of the spatial dimension of human existence, reality viewed as both tremulous and solid, as well as of human embodiment and the disparity/closeness between the corporeal and the spiritual.

The Postcolonial Game‹ Überlegungen zu einer afrikanischen postkolonialen Alteritätstheorie

Author(s): Stephan Mühr / Language(s): German Issue: 31/2022

In the African-European context, alterity has a long, problematic history, which has, also from the African perspective, led to the exclusion of any possibility of an encounter. In the context of mutual alienation of discourses on European vs. African identities, the paper attempts to pave way for a responsive encounter which might occur in the field of literature. To achieve this, I will first exercise a self- and meta-critique of remarks on a hermeneutics of interculturality which I formulated ten years ago. I will then proceed to draw consequences that lay the foundations for a theory of alterity that is not postcolonial but decolonial.

Zur Responsivität literarischer Texte

Author(s): Andrea Leskovec / Language(s): German Issue: 31/2022

Literary texts can be understood as the staging of what Bernhard Waldenfels refers to as »causality between counter-happening and response«, as the representation of a responsive event that is composed of counter-happening, affection, and response. This event occurs between the perceiver and the perceived, i.e. on the level of action, reception, and narration. The paper deals with perception on the level of the narrative and addresses the question of whether texts can be distinguished regarding the narrative staging of responsivity.

Anders, fremd und exterritorial. Und doch ähnlich? Fragen an einen gegenwärtigen Diskurs unter Bezugnahme auf Kafka, Camus und Chamisso

Author(s): Wolfgang Müller-Funk / Language(s): German Issue: 31/2022

The connection between border, alterity, and language in Waldenfels’ latest study on phenomenology and psychoanalysis is the starting point of this paper. The paper outlines the narrative logic of three literary texts in which various moments of the Alien and Alteritarian overlap, and a basic impulse of the Alien emerges vividly. In all three texts, the protagonists – Albert von Chamisso’s Peter Schlemihl, Franz Kafka’s Karl Roßmann, and Albert Camus’ Meursault – are characterized by the disruption, discontinuation, or neutralization of their social roles. Each of the forms of the Alien is linked to a shadowed, but at times also explicitly named, political context.

Martinas Heideggeris: Aristotelio teorijos ikisąvokinė ištaka

Author(s): Nerijus Stasiulis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 112/2022

This is the second part of a three-part text that looks at how Heidegger, in the earlier period of his thought (i.e. roughly prior to Being and Time), formulated an access to the pre-conceptual origin of theory, and how this enabled an access to and a rethinking of the Greek – and thus of the whole of Western – origin of philosophy/theory. This part of the text deals with the pre-conceptual origin of Aristotle's philosophical concepts, which is revealed by reading Aristotle through the method of Heidegger's phenomenology, or phenomenological hermeneutics. It is at this pre-conceptual level that the fundamental structure of Aristotle's philosophy and, at the same time, of Greek thinking, on the one hand, and Western thinking, on the other, appears, and, in a broad brush stroke, its two possibilities are revealed: the one which ignores the ecstatic time or the one which is the ecstatic time.

Какъв е въпросът?

Author(s): Jassen Andreev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 12/2022

The present preface to the translation of Magda King's study introduces her five main arguments related to the difficulties that any interpretation of Heidegger's phenomenological philosophy faces. An essential doubt and concern of King is that Heidegger's Seinsfrage is a question focused on illuminating the obscure meaning of one or more basic ontological terms. So, she undertakes to dispel the dangerous suspicion that Heidegger may be merely concerned with the meaning of a word. The question of the meaning of being is not at all to be understood onto-semantically but as a question of the meaning of being itself. However, what could it even mean to ask about the meaning of being without the formal question asking on the very content of the Seinsfrage being raised, and, accordingly, without the two different material questions (What does the word "being" mean? and What does being as being mean?) being carefully distinguished? What does it mean to raise the question without at least giving a prior clarification of the sense of the word-problem?

Interdisciplinary Links of Speech Therapy for Individuals or Children with Special Needs

Author(s): Yevheniia Lyndina / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The article highlights the issue of interdisciplinary links in speech therapy, in particular, the philosophy of language. Given that the number of children with special educational needs is increasing, the relevance of the article is indeed justified. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the problem in question more in detail. The article aims to a) clarify such concepts as “language”, “philosophy of language”, “hermeneutics”, “speech therapy”, b) analyze an interdisciplinary approach to preventing and correcting speech disorders in children and adults and c) study the causes of such disorders. Research methods include a detailed analysis of scientific sources, as well as a systematic analysis. As shown by the relevant recent work in this area, the interaction of methods from neurology, neurophysiology and neuropsychology contributes to restoring the functional system of language and speech. Speech disorders are mostly typical for people diagnosed with autism, attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity disorder, Huntington’s disease, sclerosis, dementia, and mouth or throat cancer. The novelty lies in the fact that speech therapists should be able to use neurostimulation technologies in the course of corrective work. In conclusion, speech therapy should follow an interdisciplinary approach so that specialists can make an effective diagnosis of speech disorders in children and adults.

Hermeneutic Dimension of Lexical-Syntactic Word Formation (in Ukrainian Language and Literature)

Author(s): Oleh Andrishko,Anatolii Popovskyi / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2022

The article considers lexical and syntactic word formation based on works of Ukrainian literature. Hermeneutics is closely related to philology, but most often examines the text from the point of view of literary criticism. The linguistic aspect, namely the study of occasionalisms, is much less studied. Attention to Ukrainian culture is growing, and in this context it can be an interesting source of hermeneutic research. This article examines the most interesting examples of occasionalisms, which by their function and non-standard structure are divided into two types – a priori and a posteriori. The difference between coalescences (words formed in a lexical-syntactic way) and similar words and phenomena has also been clarified. Most of these words are related to holophrases, but in Ukrainian literature there are examples that we call a posteriori coalescences, they are formed according to individual authorial models and have almost no analogues in the texts of other writers. We hope that this study will be an important step in the study of Ukrainian language and literature in the world and will draw attention to Ukrainian culture – a culture with millennial traditions.

A parallel between the first verse of the biblical genesis, the poem “The Secret Rose Garden” and the Sephirotic Tree of Kabbalah

Author(s): Andrei Victor Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2022

This article proposes a study on the border between comparative literature and the hermeneutics of symbols. Although the traditional literature of the Middle East offers many possibilities, the context of the analysis will focus mainly on a parallel between the representation of the Sephirotic Tree of Kabbalah (also called the Tree of Life) and certain verses from the poem “The Secret Rose Garden” written by Mahmūd Shabestarī. At the same time, we will use as a link between the two contexts a symbolic interpretation of the first verse of the biblical genesis. Along with highlighting some of the peculiarities involved in deciphering the Hebrew alphabet, this approach aims at an approach that facilitates the transition from a type of intellectual Kabbalah to a reception related to intuitive Kabbalah. Consequently, the comparative literature appears more as a pretext for contextualizing the method of approach, as well as for presenting illustrative examples.

O paralelă între primul verset al genezei biblice, poemul „Grădina Tainei” și Arborele Sephirotic al Kabbalei

Author(s): Andrei Victor Cojocaru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 15/2022

Acest articol propune un studiu situat la granița dintre literatura comparată și hermeneutica simbolurilor. Deși literatura tradițională a Orientului Apropiat oferă numeroase posibilități de abordare, contextul analizei se va focaliza mai ales asupra unei paralele între reprezentarea Arborelui Sephirotic al Kabbalei (numit și Pomul Vieții) și anumite versuri din poemul „Grădina Tainei” scris de Mahmūd Shabestarī. Totodată, vom utiliza ca liant între cele două contexte și o interpretare simbolică a primului verset al genezei biblice. Alături de evidențierea cîtorva particularități pe care le presupune decriptarea alfabetului ebraic, acest demers își propune o abordare care să faciliteze tranziția de la un tip de Kabbala intelectuală la o receptare care ține de Kabbala intuitivă. În consecință, literatura comparată apare mai mult ca un pretext pentru contextualizarea metodei de abordare, precum și pentru prezentarea unor exemple ilustrative.

Philosophical Reflections on Technology, Politics and Communication in an Ever-changing World

Author(s): Salvatore Schinello / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article is an overview and introduction of the current issue of Filosofija. Sociologija, thematically divided into five chapters. The topics cover various aspects of contemporary world: from the challenges related to technology and democracy to researches on youth values and worldview. What seems to unite all these articles (in spite of their plurality of themes, views and approaches) is the idea of an ever-changing world in which philosophy is interconnected with other sciences and disciplines, in order to provide more consistent and perhaps universal interpretations to the challenges that human beings must face in the contemporary world.

GEORGE STEINER – A LIFE

Author(s): Dorina Nela Trifu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

In the present paper entitled „George Steiner- A life” we aim to draw the profile of a complex personality, George Steiner, American writer, with French origins, pointing out just some few important biographical and bibliographical aspects. The presentation will not be exhaustive, due to the type of scientific paper considered. Obviously, this presentation will not refer to George Steiner as a man, as a teacher, as a translator, as a linguist, as a literary critic, but the ideas will refer tangentially to some dominant aspects, and sometimes they will refer to some papers or some perceptions and concepts launched by the author. We will focus though on Steiner the translator. A picture from an article about George Steiner published at the beginning of 2020, shortly after his demise, by „Agerpres.ro”, illustrates the senior in a room surrounded by books, this aspect demonstrating the passion of his life, to which he owes the erudition.

SYMBOLISME DES OBJETS DANS LES RITES DE PASSAGE NUPTIAL

Author(s): Ioana Laura Marina (Cergheș) / Language(s): French Issue: 26/2021

The scientific research of the ritual of the nuptial passage is not limited to the simple description of the facts, but also involves a systematization of various incarnations, a structural analysis of these to establish categorical models, then, by comparison of models, a typology. structural. Most of the symbols present in this nuptial ritual are linked to the idea of forming the couple, of unifying two polar principles, masculine and feminine, which in the thought of the ancestors were placed at the foundation of the whole edifice of the world. The folk texts, composed of prayers, songs and cries, present during the ceremony of the wedding flag, as well as the dramatic and acting elements as well as all the ritual objects involved, we consider to be subordinate to the founding of a family, the union of the two young people the vision of a new type of social, emotional and moral existence. The scenario is charged with the drama of the unification of opposites, tensions and conflicting states that accompany the harmonization of the two complementary principles. Being an act of ritual communication, this ceremony is carried out through actions and objects of symbolic value.

THE TIME. PHILOSOPHICAL HERMENEUTICS, THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION AND LITURGICAL EXPERIENCE-PART ONE

Author(s): Gherasim Soca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 27/2021

This communicate signs up on the line of an interdisciplinary approach, which is to be taken as an demarche within the realm of theological liturgy and of philosophical thinking concerning the subject of time itself. The research seeks the critical approach of philosophical thinking concerning time as a class, which appertains existence itself, by also taking into consideration the reference of many authors, such as Martin Heidegger – alongside his notable work Sein und Zeit (Being and Time), in which it is originally approached the subject of phenomenology –, Henri Bergson, etc., capitalizing, all together, the recent researches regarding the idea of time and the experience of time. We will later approach the idea of how time is seen by the orthodox theology, especially from Father Dumitru Stăniloae position in his theological studies focused on the liturgical time, also by the most important spiritual figures that belonged in the contemporary orthodoxy. For theology and for liturgical experience, time cannot be seen self- depended from eternity. Eternity itself allows the existence of time, by also giving it value and meaning. Only the eschatological perception offers value to the ordinary time. From the liturgical and philosophical points of view, the relationship between time and eternity, and the possible meeting between them, it is what we wish to put forward via this communicate. Inside of liturgical experience, God conveys the soul-destroying time into a linear one, which is an eschatological destination. Moreover, this destination is present, updated and foretasted in the relationship with God, through particular praying but also through liturgical prayer. This is the concrete quote from Saint Maximus the Confessor, which states that everything that is created is catechized after the Cross. Even time itself is traversed by the Cross because through it we ascend to “a new paradise and new land”, but, simultaneously, that reality already exists within God Himself, like a crack from above and within the eternal life.

THE TIME. PHILOSOPHICAL HERMENEUTICS, THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION AND LITURGICAL EXPERIENCE - PART TWO

Author(s): Gherasim Soca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 27/2021

The current article explores the same thematic levels as the previous article, entitled The time. Philosophical hermeneutics, theological reflection and liturgical experience. The article is located at the confluence between hermeneutics, ontology and theology, addressing multiple aspects related to these three vast fields of study. Under these conditions, the article we propose has an inter- and multi-disciplinary character.

Херменевтика и деконструкция: контури на един философски спор

Author(s): Georg W. Bertram / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2002