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Health Education in Special High Schools for the Improvement of Dental Hygiene of Students in Arad County

Author(s): Liviu Gavrila-Ardelean,Mihaela Gavrilă-Ardelean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research aims to highlight the importance of health education for dental hygiene of special high school students in Arad County. It was considered that health education for dental hygiene in special high schools would determine a decrease in medical consultation, which represents an improvement in the dental hygiene of students. The study sample comprises students of school age, from Arad County special high schools. The children have been dentally examined, and the following items were analyzed: cavity index on certain teeth and oral hygiene education level. Based on the analysis, the educational needs for dental hygiene in special high school students of Arad County, in the year 2016-2017, were assessed. Health education was taught to students during the school program. The health class lasted 30 minutes per classroom, distributed as follows: 10 minute explanation, 10 minute practical demonstration on plaster mold, and a 10 minute distribution of sanitary materials (toothpaste, toothbrushes, and dental floss). Research data was processed with SPSS 17.0 and showed the statistically significant threshold of p < .01. The courses have had a beneficial effect on young people with special needs, causing them to be more careful about maintaining oral care and hygiene. Conclusions: It has been found that after oral hygiene education, the dental health of special school population was improved.

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Effects of Basketball Practice on Developing Distributive Attention

Author(s): Ionela Cristina Nae / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Via the nature of its rules, basketball is both a way for physical training as well as a sports branch which contributes to coordination movement, forming a rapid adaption method to everyday life and inclusion in society. Practicing basketball helps athletes develop their personalities by enhancing thought and decision making speed followed putting everything into action. In this game, distributive attention is the capacity of simultaneously figure out multiple information packages. It can be achieved when exercises are automated and all the info known. Attention distribution is a quality which can be transferred to everyday life bringing important benefits. Objectives. By the means of this study we aim to highlight that through basketball we can really contribute to developing distributive attention. Methods. Research was conducted on 12 female students, aged 20-23, all being members of the Bucharest Economic Studies Academy basketball representative team. The experimental batch was tested using the “Prague test” in two testing moments – T1 and T2 (October 2016 – May 2017). This research was done for 28 weeks (the length of a university study cycle). Results. The “Prague test” revealed significant results for the experimental batch on their final evaluation on 3 out of 4 testing moments and also in total correct answers. In minutes 4,8 and 16, as well as in the number of correct answers, with the help of t testing, p recorded values smaller than 0.05, which confirmed the research hypothesis. Conclusions. By analyzing all scientific data the researchers managed to confirm the study hypothesis, meaning distributive attention can be improved via basketball specific exercises.

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Tobit Regression Model to Determine the Dividend Yield in Iraq

Author(s): Meshal Harbi Odah,Bahr Kadhim Mohammed,Ali Sadig Mohommed Bager / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the model of linear regression, the values of variables are known. The sample is limited by censoring limited restriction point where the approved variable is (Threshold point). Censoring occurs at the observation of the independent variables for the entire sample and the censored regression model is considered adequate when the data has to be censored from left at censored point equal to zero. After this, the Tobit regression model can be applied. In this paper we will identify the determinants of the Distribution of Profits between some competing companies on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The profit distribution in the shareholding companies determines the profits which are distributed to the shareholders and the part that is held. The retained profits are a major source of investment in the companies. Although expansion is desirable, profit distribution is as well. The study examines the determinants of the dividend yield, by using the Tobit regression model. The study will use a data set for some companies that traded on the Iraqi Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2015.The results of the analysis of tables use data on Market capitalization, Earnings per share, Market price to book value ratio and debt-equity ratio affect the distribution of profits paid, in some companies traded by Iraq Stock Exchange.

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Gender Differences in Perception of Pain and Body Awareness in Athletes and Normally Active Subjects

Author(s): Miroslava Petkova,Valeri Nikolov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

According to numbers of present studies pain perception is modifiable by physical activity. This result is important for establishing and using of non-invasive methods with few side effects for patients with chronic pain conditions. The PURPOSE of this study is to examine the gender differences in relationship between physical activity, body awareness and pain perception. METHODOLOGY: Psychological Questionnaires: Body Awareness Questionnaire that asks subjects to rate, on a 4 point scale, the degree to which they were currently experiencing symptoms of sympathetic arousal, State Trait Anger Scale, and State Trait Anxiety Scale. Objective methods (cold pressure test) are used only to determine the pain sensation and pain tolerance thresholds. The (VAS) represents pain as a continuum and is sensitive to change. OWN CONTRIBUTION AND RESULTS: The results of investigation support the idea of significant interaction between body awareness, perception of pain and physical activity. This relationship depends significantly on gender. The female non-athletes estimate the pain through VAS during cold pressor test as more intensive in comparison to female athletes and men from both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The complex, multi-element method for measuring pain used in this study is a useful model for studying effects of exercise on the perception of pain.

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Analysis of the Influence of Sensorimotor Coordination Development on the Technical Execution of Balance Beam Dismounts

Author(s): Vladimir Potop,Valeriu Jurat,Ion Carp / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the influence of sensorimotor coordination development on the technical execution of balance beam dismounts in the case of junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years. To achieve the purpose and objectives of the research, we used the following methods: review of specialized literature; pedagogical observation method; pedagogical experiment method; tests method; video computerized method of biomechanical analysis; method of movement postural orientation; statistical-mathematical method and graphical representation method. In this study we used 3 tests of assessment of sensorimotor coordination development: test 1 – stuck landing; test 2 –”Briuk” test, static balance and test 3 – static-kinematic stability. The biomechanical analysis was made by means of Physics ToolKit Version 6.0 program, monitoring the key elements of sports technique used in the dismounts off balance beam. The study findings show the level of sensorimotor coordination development in terms of spatial-temporal orientation, vestibular coordination and balance, kinematic and dynamic analysis of sports technique key elements regarding body segments trajectories, angular speeds and force momentum during dismounts off balance beam. As for the correlation of sensorimotor coordination indicators with performance results on balance beam, there are significant differences which confirm the influence of the sensorimotor coordination on junior gymnasts’ technical training on this apparatus. Also, the evaluation of sensorimotor coordination consistent with the biomechanical analysis of sports technique of dismounts off balance beam in the case of junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 highlights their influence on the technical training and performances achieved in competitions.

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Assessment at Physical Education and Sport Discipline in Primary Education

Author(s): Larisa Potop,Bogdan Urichianu,Valeriu Jurat / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this paper is to improve the assessment system through diversified application of gymnastics means content in the discipline of physical education and sport in primary education. The assessment included 6 test events chosen from the National System of Assessment at Physical Education and Sport in Primary School. These test events are: in the 1st semester – long lasting running, memorization of a set of free general physical development exercises, the level of initiation in gymnastics regarding the execution of isolated acrobatic elements; in the 2nd semester – strength of upper limbs by tractions on the gym bench and strength of lower limbs – standing long jump, 25 m speed running and dexterity test by 3 m distance target horizontal throwing with two hands from below. The diversified use of gymnastics means content within the instructive-educational process in primary school contributed to the improvement of the assessment system and to the more effective achievement of the learning units included in the curricular area at this level.

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Analysis of Physical Training Influence on the Technical Execution of Yurchenko Handspring Vault

Author(s): Vladimir Potop,Sanda Urichianu-Toma / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper is intended to show the influence of the specific physical training on the technical execution of Yurchenko handspring vault at junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years. A number of 7 tests of motricity were used in this study: 3 tests for strength-speed of lower and upper limbs, 3 tests for complex, abdominal and back muscles strength and 1 test of specific endurance. The biomechanical analysis was carried out by means of Physics ToolKit program and movement postural orientation method, monitoring the key elements of the sports technique of Yurchenko handspring vault. The results of the study reveal the level of specific physical training of the junior gymnasts aged 12-15 years, the kinematic and dynamic analysis of sports technique key elements in terms of body segments trajectories, angular speeds and force momentum in Yurchenko handspring vault; there is also shown the dynamics of sports performances achieved in competitions. Also, the assessment of the specific physical training consistent with the biomechanical analysis of sports technique in Yurchenko handspring vault at junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years prove their influence on the technical training and the performances achieved in competition.

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Social Construal Maps to Study Territories within Home Space

Author(s): Catalina-Ionela Rezeanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Although space is ubiquitous in social life, for more than a century scholars are trying to establish a sociology of space field. In social sciences, the research of space focused on physical maps borrowed from geography, mental or cognitive maps from psychology, and, recently, deep maps from anthropology. From a socio-spatial perspective, geographical maps are representations of space (re)producing dominant politico-economic ideologies, while mental maps are representational spaces (re)producing cultural hegemony, both being disconnected from daily life spatial practices. The interconnection among the three dimensions of space might be reflected through deep maps, but they are too broadly defined and difficult to apply. Human ecologists from Chicago School theorized the patterns of urban residential zoning as a result of human territoriality. Later on, sociologists and anthropologists have been trying to persuade that space is not only a container of social interactions but also an active agent, influencing and being influenced by them. Also, the new ecologists theorized human territories as a social construct, with fluid borders, produced, contested, and negotiated in interactions. A decade ago, emotion maps were developed to study family affective territories within home, but they lacked the social construction of reality dimension. This discussion paper aims to nuance the knowledge of deep maps by arguing for introducing the concept of `social construal maps` as a research instrument derived from construal level theory from social psychology. It builds on my doctoral project, in which I used social construal maps to study the social construction of territories of couple intimacy within home space.

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Swimming Lesson in Physical Education and Sport Discipline for First-Year Students in the Higher Education of other Profiles

Author(s): Elena-Diana Sima / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the muscle strength influence on movement amelioration in aquatic environment in the swimming styles practiced in the “Physical Education and Sport” discipline for first-year students in the higher education of other profiles. This scientific approach led to the organization of an experimental study conducted in „Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Bucharest during the academic year 2016-2017. The subjects of the research were the first-year students (141 students - 61 from the Faculty of Dentistry and 80 from General Medicine), in the discipline of Physical Education and Sport. The swimming lessons aimed at improving students’ muscle strength level in each off-water training session. The in-water training used exercises for learning and improving the chosen swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke and backstroke). The study findings highlight the development of arms, abdomen and legs muscle strength in both girls and boys – subjects of the study, the attendance at classes, the participation in sports activities and the final grade. The effective use of exercises for muscle strength development in the off-water training within the swimming lessons in the “Physical Education and Sport” discipline for first-year students contributed to movement development in aquatic environment in the chosen swimming styles and to successful participation in competitions.

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Importance of the Anthropological and Genetic Criteria Involved in Sporting Selection

Author(s): Neluta Smindu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The researches made in the field of performance sports showed that performance is due 70% to selection and only 30% to training. So, getting top results is possible only for sportsmen with exceptional genetic equipment and special abilities. This work approaches two relevant criteria of the sporting selection, the anthropological and the genetic criteria. These criteria are the only ones to allow us to scientifically foresee the evolution of the biotype and if it shall become an optimum anthropological type for the sporting branch in which it has been selected. At the same time, guiding the training based on knowing the individual anthropological particularities of each sportsman leads to increased sporting efficiency. The selection implies a broad conceptual and organizational assessment action on different levels (anamnesis, diagnosis of the health state, level of physical and functional growth and development, psychic availability etc.) of large groups of children and juniors. It is a process organized and repeated to discover early the subject’s inborn availability so that he/she may practice and specialize in a sport discipline or event afterwards. The genetic and anthropological selection criteria broadly result from the medical and sporting anamnesis, containing both personal, and hereditary-collateral antecedents (child and parents’ morphological configuration, cultural, educational level, parents and child’s attitude towards sports, family sporting antecedents, psychomotor behavior, IQ etc.). The assessment of the potential in sports is made by anthropometric exam, which is a physical growth and development measurement method based on measuring the body, the somatic indexes (nutrition indexes, harmony indexes, force index) concerning various segments or even the whole body.

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Forming up Tolerance to Personality at High School Pupils

Author(s): Otilia Stamatin,Viorica Adascalita / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This work is authors’ expression on essence of tolerance as a moral quality of a personality, reflecting the attitude of people to the multidimensionality of the world, diversity of cultures and uniqueness of the individual as supreme value and most important condition for the coexistence of people and self-realization of everyone, manifested in understanding the unity of the world and the interdependence of people, in recognizing the principle of complementarity, in recognizing the equality of individuals in society and their right to self-expression, the desire and ability to understand and accept the other, implementing the principles of partnership. We ground the idea that preadolescence is the sensitive age for forming this feature. We introduce outcomes of the tolerance development level study at high-school adolescents and tolerant and non-tolerant psychological profile of people. We demonstrate that the central element of tolerance is the understanding and recognition of the value of the diversity of the world and people in all their manifestations, the value of different opinion, view, position and culture. A decisive role in tolerance manifestations is played by subject’s attitude to something or someone. Tolerance manifestations also depend on subject’s skills, primarily communicative ones. It was revealed that increasing tolerance level is facilitated by the ability to control own emotions, to dose them; flexibility, development, expressiveness of emotions; domination of positive emotions; desire to approach people on an emotional basis; positive self-perception and self-attitude; developed intellect, strong “I”, diplomacy, self-sufficiency; moral-business orientation of personality. The work briefly introduces the formative program aimed at a comprehensive impact on students’ personality and the outcomes of its implementation, witnessing a significant increase of adolescents’ tolerance level, enabling to reach positive changes in the emotional, motivational and value spheres and in the personality of senior pupils in general, contributing to the effective formation of tolerance.

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The Relevance of Obtaining Performance at the Age of 6-7 Years at the Expense to Maximize the Potential at Junior Swimming

Author(s): Amelia Elena Stan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

There is a tendency in our time to believe that the involvement of the child from early age in specialized training methods for competitions is suitable for swimmers, while their level of prediction is weak. For this reason, we try statistical reasoning and logic recurring resulting therefrom. If the values designation and significance correlation allows a close link between control trials: the number of sportsmen and sportswomen and times obtained in tops the leaderboard at the municipal level at the age of 6-7 years on contest and evolution and results to junior level I. The results obtained from control trials were determined to what extent the level of preparedness in children is relevant in predicting a diagnostic result in competitive level or training to junior. By studying the evolution of the road map until junior level is found that printing a rapid pace in the preparation fot the results in addition of lost satisfaction athlete to lower competition time before the age junior and actual loss of energy resources for improving sports performance in competition. In management training to high performance and eliminating inadequate general physical training and waiving specific means unconnected with the age would lead to energy savings for recovery, and certainly improve athletic performance in future competitions. Another argument is economic reasons: these emphasize the fact that what should be confined to the sports ground until the pubertal selection for high performance swimming is actually promoting sports clubs and particularly private clubs. The state established clubs still maintain a certain level of moral discipline of preparing children in the sport.

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Contribution of Aquatic Therapy to Anchylosant Spondylite

Author(s): Amelia Elena Stan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Through this paper I wanted to highlight a way of improving the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis by hydrotherapeutic interventions. The role of aquatic physical activity in this type of condition is to reduce the intensity of the pain and thus prevent the appearance of new symptoms and more pain. Thus, the goal is to have a dynamic life that will change the degree of activity and not lead to unwanted consequences. The purpose of the paper was to show how aquatic rehabilitation techniques can show an improvement in the immobility status of spinal disorders. Recovery programs that use aquatic exercise as a therapeutic tool in vertebral pathology in the elderly are effective and contribute to the improvement of specific symptomatology. Arthritis is the main cause of long-term physical disability and its prevalence increases with age. Therefore, muscular strengthening is required, which can be achieved by using isometric contractions of stabilization in water. Relaxation can be achieved by floating, using the buoyancy effect. Techniques of holding positions and relaxation methods are predominantly used in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and can be used to improve the movement of a joint where muscle spasm is the limiting factor.

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An Analysis of Easter as a Method of Preserving Romanian Traditions

Author(s): Bianca Teodorescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article is a study about how Easter traditions are perceived in our days, especially in the cities from Romania. The main purpose of this study is to reveal which are the aspirations of people regarding the phenomena of traditions and rituals in Romania and also to find their meaning in a world which is aimed to be more profane than sacred. For my research, I turned to some researching methods starting from meta-analysis method as questionnaires and participative observation. In order to maintain its culture, Romanian people has to fight against the secularization of the society. Today, Romania’s counties seek to reform their traditions, to draw people back to their roots in hope to preserve the traditional celebrations in the present society. During the preparation for Easter, a series of emotions begin to act in order to create traditional rituals. These emotions are responsible to preserve the Romanian traditions. I focused this study on how people are participating in the Easter rituals in the present and how they feel by visiting places of childhood or places in the country where the tradition has remained as the most important part of the traditional village. However, in the country, Easter celebration is contributing to preserve the Romanian traditions more than others traditional Romanian celebrations.

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Development of Social Policy as Theory and Practice in Bulgaria

Author(s): Venelin Terziev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The development of social policy in Bulgaria is closely related to social and economic development of the country but it is also influenced by the common European trends and priorities in last decades. Current study examines the theory and the practice of social policy in the context of its broader understanding focusing on active policy and especially considering employment encouragement and skills management. Main conclusions put the accent on the advantages of active policy and the importance of following a purposeful policy for raising employability and developing a functioning labor market.

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Modeling Active Social Programs in Bulgaria through Social Entrepreneurship Encouragement

Author(s): Venelin Terziev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In contemporary society one of the priorities for development is to assure social inclusion and equality through provision of employment opportunities and increasing incomes by the active involvement of citizens in the labor market. Among the specific measures is the encouragement of entrepreneurship, and social entrepreneurship in particular. Implementation of such active social policies contributes to effective solutions to the problems of poverty and social exclusion. Current study examines social entrepreneurship and social enterprises as an opportunity to build a model of an active social program based on the notion that the most critical to tackling poverty and social exclusion is the application of such social policies that give people access to economic opportunities and knowledge and skills to utilize opportunities – so that they cope with the trap of poverty and social exclusion, dependence on social protection system, vulnerability to the adverse events of economic or social nature.

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Opportunities and Trends in the Development and the Improvement Processes in the Bulgarian Military Educational System

Author(s): Venelin Terziev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper presents current challenges which the Bulgarian military educational system is facing in the context of the basic features of the security environment and trends for the first half of the 20th century by identifying the main problem areas in its functioning. The status and the capabilities of the military educational system of the Republic of Bulgaria are discussed on the basis of conducted analysis about key strategic documents in the sectors of education, security and defence, as well as the current state of the military and civil education and the inherent activities of the training institutions. Military educational system ensures individual training of the servicemen in the system for armed forces preparation, defined in the Doctrine of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Bulgaria. That is why individual training is reviewed in details. Described are the main elements of the military educational system as a complex, adaptive and flexible system that develops in unity and complementarity with the system of civil education in Bulgaria. Guidelines are formulated for improving the military educational system in relation to its contribution to strengthening national security and defence of the country in three directions – conceptual, organizational and technological improvement.

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Methodological Orientation in Rowing by Introducing Complementary Training

Author(s): Sanda Urichianu-Toma / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The methodology of training in sports performance practice no longer corresponds to the required training and competition performance of the athlete. There appears, therefore, the need to use concepts and new information obtained from the Methodists and specialists in sports training, to produce an efficient methodology, as an addition on the way to performance. Romanian rower athletes have recently achieved less efficient results, which show that the training methodology no longer corresponds to the sporting world and to modern requirements. We thought that introducing the methodology of preparing complementary ergometer exercise will provide an opportunity to help improve and promote a higher performance in rowing. To contribute to improved methodology of training in rowing we studied 8 rowers of 18-20 age groups at Snagov Sports Club. We applied a workout program for 6 weeks preparatory phase, in which we introduced 500 m speed tests and 2000 m tests, where we use the ergometer Concept II type PM5, which aims to provide the necessary information, instantly motion control and continue reorganization. In conclusion, the data in this study show that the introduction of specific training methodology in cross-training can help improve and promote a higher performance in rowing.

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Assessment Tests-Physiological Indicators of the Physical Condition

Author(s): Sanda Urichianu-Toma / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

One of the benchmarks of physical education in primary school consists in maintaining optimal health and increase adaptability to environmental factors. Thus, we conducted a study to show the physiological indicators noticing by Ruffier test group is a functional cardio-vascular valuable, especially for children and elderly untrained person.We aim with this study to demonstrate the correlation of test results obtained in clinical orthostatic different groups of students at that age, in order to propose to improve the physical fitness of subjects and selection for athletic performance. We assume that the I st grade students somato-functional indicators evaluation will observe their inappropriate age-related physical development and will recommend compulsory practice of physical education activities within optional and extracurricular classes. The study undertaken following methods were used for research: observation pedagogical method tests, statistical and mathematical methods of processing and interpretation of data.Expected results from this study are even more important as children’s health is a matter of public interest and concern specialized international institutions and medical research to the younger generation. The data obtained will be implemented at the school and available to those who wish to consult the bibliography and published materials.In a study undertaken we conclude we can say that consolidation motion skills and the primary school is performed simultaneously with performing exercises of physical development, as well as through a drive system specially developed that must be present in lesson Physical Education.

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herapeutic Storytelling as a Tool for Drug Addiction-Strengths and Constrains

Author(s): Monica Turturean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A substance addiction is one of the most complex areas of mental health. Substance abuse, leading often to addiction, can often be difficult to treat. The problem is even more delicate when we are talking about children and adolescents, in particular, because they are extremely vulnerable to substance use. People who face an addiction to drugs or alcohol can use the services of a mental health professional for help in overcoming addiction. One of the most effective treatment methods is storytelling. The therapeutic story reinforces the idea that our life is not one narrative, but a collection of different stories, both good and bad. G.K. Chesterton said, “Stories are useful, not because they tell us that dragons exist, but because they tell us that dragon can be defeated.” Threating addicted children through therapeutically story and not using other “drugs” is a real “challenge” for all specialists, not only from Romania, but from entire world too. The problem is related to the next 2 questions: 1. Is it therapeutically story an efficient method to heal addicted children; 2. Who can do it? Through an auto-questionnaire survey, we will try to establish if the therapeutic storytelling is an efficient intervention to prevent, to solve the drug abuse and to highlight some ideas about this topic. This study is a part of a bigger study [5], which started in 2016 and its’ purpose is discovering the role of the therapeutically story for different people with different needs in order to use this results in educational activity but not only.

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