Dziecko i jego miejsce we współczesnym mieście

Author(s): Anna Palej / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The article presented below, contrary to the suggestions contained in its title, will not give simple prescriptions for creating the desired relationships between the child and the urban environment. This is because it is not an easy task, among others due to the fact that there is no ‘middle child’, there is also no ‘present child’ but always a child between the past and the future. Concepts, in turn, such as ‘place’ or ‘city’ today lose their hitherto culturally established connotations and become ambiguous and unusually capacious under the influence of civilization changes. One thing, however, remains unchanged – it is the documented influence of the physical and social environment on the young generation, on its development and the nature of the experience gained. The article will therefore focus on: the challenges facing architects and decision makers affecting the shape of urban structures; what actions they should take to help children exist in society, present their talents and passions, gain due approval and respect; how it can be done to effectively replace ‘socialization through a computer mouse’ by ‘playing with the others on the street’, and finally – what benefits for all of us can come from Environmental Education of children and youth.

Przestrzenie publiczne – zbudowane ramy dialogu społecznego

Author(s): Piotr J. Wróbel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

This article is aimed at analysing the phenomenon of creation and functioning of public space as a constructed framework of social dialogue. Conflict is an important element of the dialogue whereas congregations such as rallies, marches or picketing, which are supposed to be collective manifestations of opinion on important social matters, are direct forms of expression of the dialogue. Places which offer possibilities of unrestrained civic expression are immanent parts of the urbanity phenomenon. A brief review of examples that represent existing types of public space in which civic liberties are pursued in practice is supposed to help find an answer to a question whether contemporary semi-public space (e.g. airports) is capable of considering also this type of space in its development plans. The events of the second decade of the 21st century at airports in Germany, Great Britain, the USA and Poland give some hope. However, there are certain reasonable fears that they may not be permanently incorporated into functional and spatial models of airports that have recently aspired to construct buildings typical of urban space. The progressive process of space commercialisation and privatisation, the tendency to extend supervision and control zones and the existing model of airport management based on neo-liberal entrepreneurship are not conducive to this. One should also wonder whether public space open to free expression would not be the socially expected and favourable form of humanisa on and a method for introducing manifestations of genuine life into homogeneous forms of communication nodes.

Ponadczasowa więź architektury i urbanistyki z naturą na przykładzie Chin – od Tao do współczesności

Author(s): Wojciech Kosiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

his article is the result of the author’s research done twice in China: a study trip organized by the Cracow University of Technology in 2014 and in 2019, during the Joint Studio programme co-organized by Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University and Chinese Tsinghua University of Beijing. The subject coincides with this issue’s topic – the role of nature in architectural creations. China is a great example in this respect, where for thousands of years nature has been treated by the creators of cities and buildings with the highest respect and friendship, especially in the idea of Tao that arose around the 6th century BC. and used it successfully ever since. The relationship between nature and architecture/city planning has varied throughout history and has been intensified in different cultural eras and styles. This demonstrates a wonderful historical panorama. Moreover, it offers contemporary architects a universal, international and useful lesson about China, sustainability, ecology, and high aesthetics.

Procesy rewitalizacyjne we współczesnym rozwoju miast Polski

Author(s): Elżbieta Kaczmarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2008

Lokalne Programy Rewitalizacji w kształtowaniu przestrzeni miejskiej na przykładzie Krakowa i Poznania

Author(s): Katarzyna Świerczewska-Pietras / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2008

Symbolika bočního průčelí kostela sv. Tomáše na Malé Straně

Author(s): Bojana Popatanasovská / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2022

The main aim of this article is to present a new interpretation of the decoration of the lateral facade of the Augustinian Church of St Thomas in the Lesser Town of Prague, which was created during the reconstruction of the church by its architect Kilián Ignác Dientzenhofer in the first third of the 18th century. Drawing on recently discovered sources, it provides a new interpretation of the emblematic decoration of the portal of the lateral facade, both in the context of the painted decoration of the church interior and in relation to the social and theological conditions of the time. In particular, it proposes an interpretation of the four metopes in the entablature of the Doric order, for which the author or commissioner of the Baroque rebuilding of the church probably found inspiration in the emblematic album Devises et Emblèmes Anciennes & Modernes by the late 17th-century French writer and emblematist Daniel de La Feuille, on the basis of which the symbolism of these four metopes can be interpreted. The meaning of these four metopes is then related in the context of the entire decoration of the lateral facade of the temple also within the symbolism of the columnar orders, in this particular case the use of the Doric order. As it appears, the entire decoration of the lateral facade was systematically and purposefully chosen by the architect and contains extraordinary Christological symbolism that may be hidden to the modern observer at first glance.

TEMEL TASARIM DERSİNE İLİŞKİN YAPILMIŞ LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Melis Yılmaz Aktaş,Özgür Aktaş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 111/2023

The purpose of this research is to evaluate postgraduate theses conducted on basic design education in Turkey. Theses containing the terms "basic art" and "basic design" were searched in the YÖK National Thesis Database, resulting in a total of 126 theses found since 1992. These theses span across various fields such as fine arts, industrial engineering, construction, interior architecture, architecture, art theory and criticism, furniture and decoration education, and mechanical engineering. Out of the 126 theses, 14 were inaccessible and therefore not included in the study. Among the remaining 112 theses, it was identified that 35 had the terms "basic art" and/or "basic design" in their titles but did not actually focus on the examination of the basic design course. Consequently, a total of 77 theses that included the terms "basic art" and/or "basic design" and explored the basic design course were utilized as the sample for this research. Document analysis was employed as the research method, and content analysis was used for data analysis. Theses were examined based on variables such as publication year, number, field, institute, level, research objectives, and methods. According to the research findings, it was observed that in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of studies on the basic design course. The majority of these studies were conducted in the field of education, particularly in education institutes, and often employed qualitative research methods at the master's level.

SCULPTURE ELEMENTS FROM THE MONASTERY OF SAINT JOHN VLADIMIR IN THE MUSEUMS OF TIRANA

Author(s): Elio Hobdari / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2021

The church of the monastery of St. John Vladimir near Elbasan, in condition of today’s preservation, holds a considerable collection of sculptural elements of different historical periods [Tab. I, 1]. Most of them are reused in its body, while others are located in the courtyard of the monastery. Only the sculptural elements with the inscriptions of the reconstruction of Prince Karl Topia, in three languages and the plates with his emblem, have been published, always in an epigraphic and not architectural context.

TRABZON GEÇ DÖNEM OSMANLI KIRSAL CAMİLERİ HARİM KAPI KANATLARININ SÜSLEME PROGRAMLARI ÜZERİNE BİR MONOGRAFİ

Author(s): Sümeyye Pervanoğlu,Umay Bektaş,Erkan Aydintan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 81/2024

On the art of ornament in the literature, it is mainly within the mosque structures that the Anatolian Turkish ornamentation art is examined over certain historical periods; visual, structural, technical and semantic aspects. Therefore, no research has been found on determining the ornamentation preferences on the same type of doors of the religious buildings built in a specific region and period. This gap in the literature forms the general framework of the study and defines its purpose. The study examined how the ornamentation understanding of the harim (prayer hall) door wings of the late Ottoman period mosques constructed between 1800-1960 in the region extending from Baltacı Stream to Akhisar Stream Valley in the countryside of Trabzon province, and how the motif and pattern preferences changed in the chronological process. Among the qualitative data collection techniques in the research, which is in the "Change Monographs" type of the "Descriptive Studies" group, document analysis, photographing, and an interview was made, and twenty-four structures were selected from a hundred and fifty-two mosques by way of judgmental sampling determined on site. The fact that mosque structures in the region mainly feature floral motifs on the door wings of the harim, some masters use a motif only once, and this situation continues for generations, and that the ornamentation preferences are similar in various dimensions among the nearby valleys is among the remarkable findings. The study has shown that the regional understanding of ornamentation of a period can be read through the door wings of religious buildings.

The re-construction of urban space in the place between art and architecture: Selected paradigms of in situ art of the period 1950–2000

Author(s): Aggela Mandilari / Language(s): English Issue: 365/2022

This study investigates in situ art of recent art history and its potential regarding the reconstruction of public space and its meanings. Paradigms of art and architecture conjugation in site specific interventions are examined with a view to answer questions such as the transformative role art can play when it constitutes a plastic phenomenon functioning in a complementary or reactive way as a part of the urban and social space. In situ’s art sculptural objects, due to their transitional form, serve as metaphors for space and time and their condition of constant change in the everyday life of the city. They constitute a physical input in the urban space that seeks to redefine its material boundaries and highlight the interaction between the individual and the city seen as an incomplete entity in a constant re-casting. Through the practice of repetition and movement, sculptural objects are put in dialogue with the objects we come into contact daily, taking part into a new aesthetic reality. It is about a process of re-configurating of the everyday aesthetics of the city, challenging the relationship between art and architecture and thus offering new modes of spatialisation. By examining specific paradigms from the in situ art of the second half of the twentieth century (e.g. Aldo Van Eyck, Daniel Buren, Rachel Whiteread), this paper, seeks to unveil the process of activating the coexistence of the visible and the invisible, the inside and the outside, the private and the collective that this specific artistic process offers in material terms. The main question that this paper seeks to answer is how in situ art- e specially when oscillating between art and architecture- affect the everyday flow of the undifferentiated space and time? How does it shape the coexistence and interaction between city’s objects and subjects? Which alternative – discursive – reality does it offer?

АРХЕОЛОГИЈА АРХИТЕКТУРЕ НА ПРИМЈЕРУ ЦРКВЕ СВЕТОГ АРХАНГЕЛА МИХАИЛА НА ПРЕВЛАЦИ

Author(s): Mladen Zagarčanin / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 2/2023

In this paper we discuss the archeology of architecture on the example of the monastery of St. Michael on the Prevlaka island in Boka Kotorska. This part of archeology is almost unknown to archaeological science in Montenegro, and it is based on the experience of researching the Old Town of Bar in the period between 2004 and 2012, although it has been present in European archaeological science for decades. The Church of the Saint Michael on Prevlaka is a multi-layered building, which was systematically researched in 1956. and 1957, and in the period between 1997. and 2005., when it was completely excavated. It was built on the foundations of an early Byzantine church from the 6th century, and in the 9th or 10th century it was remodeled for the Benedictine monastery, which was demolished in the first half of the 11th century. Around 1220, the ruined remains of the basilica were rebuilt for the purpose of the bishopric of Zeta, which was enthroned on Prevlaka in this period. In the paper, we tried to show the methods of masonry of both eras, which especially refers to the altar area, which, according to new studies, was rebuilt on the foundations of an older basilica from the 9th/10th century. Also, primarily on the basis of comparing the vertical and horizontal stratigraphy, the genesis of the remodeling of its interior is followed, with all the main characteristics that allow us to understand how the architectural conception of the worship space changes, that is, how the church gets a new altar, dome, modified narthex, building from the north side etc.

ARHEOLOŠKA ISTRAŽIVANJA LOKALITETA ĆAF KIŠ

Author(s): Mile Baković / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 2/2023

At the site of Dubrava, there are remains of church architecture known as Ćaf Kiš. Around these remains is a vast necropolis, many still visible today. Protective archaeological research was carried out on a limited scale and showed that these are the remains of a church built at the beginning of the 16th century. Several explored graves testify that the church was built on an older necropolis. A cemetery was formed around the church, and after its demolition, numerous burials took place in it as well. On the remains of the architecture, we observed two basic building phases. First, a church was built with a deep apse, without a chancel. Shortly after construction, the northeast part of the church was demolished, and the apse fell to the northeast. It would be said that the collapse was caused by seismic action because no traces of ignition and destruction were observed. Soon, the church was restored, but now in a somewhat altered form, a new shallow apse was built, the nave was strengthened by constructing a buttress on the west side and the building was expanded by building the chancel. The architecture of the building, the church furniture and part of the movable archaeological material found unequivocally testify that the church ceremony took place according to the Latin custom. We determined the oldest archaeological layer to be in the 14th century, the church was built in the 16th century, and burials in and around it lasted until the middle of the 20th century.

In Search of a Hybrid Antiquity, circa 1516

Author(s): Mark Rakatansky / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Architectural and pictorial modes developed in Raphael’s Workshop and subsequently in Giulio Romano’s work are investigated here in part as a reaction in part to the strictures of Vitruvius against the transspecies transfiguration of grotesque ornamentation. It is generally stated that the Renaissance sought to bring back the Antiquity, but one could ask which Antiquity, or rather which Antiquities. A close-reading of Vitruvius’ and (seemingly) Horace’s objections to such hybrid manifestations of transformative change reveals contradictions and affordances that Raphael and Giulio will intensify in the hybrid transmedial modes of their art and architecture developed within the political and religious changes of that time.

Summoning Up the Past: Detecting Legal Change Through Architecture’s Evidence

Author(s): Lisa Haber-Thomson / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This essay puts on the table the following question: how has architecture helped catalyze legal change? I use as a specific illustration a debate regarding the codification of English common law that took place between Jeremy Bentham and William Blackstone in the late eighteenth century. Bentham and Blackstone’s competing architectural metaphors provided vivid illustrations of perceived dangers that they saw underlying proposed changes in law. The debate shows not only how powerful architectural metaphors were in constructing legal reform. It also demonstrates how novel architectural ideas can mask the lack of substantive changes in legal practice.

On Conversations about Architecture and Philosophy, with Kenneth Frampton

Author(s): André Patrão,Kenneth Frampton / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

An Essay Interview with Kenneth Frampton by André Patrão.

Towards a Community of Equals: Interview with Jonathan Wolff

Author(s): Miloš Ćipranić,Zoran Erić,Snežana Vesnić,Jonathan Wolff / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Interview with Jonathan Wolff conducted by Miloš Ćipranić, Zoran Erić, and Snežana Vesnić.

Mark Jarzombek, Architecture Constructed: Notes on a Discipline

Author(s): Andrea Canclini / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The book Architecture Constructed: Notes on a Discipline is an almost unique text in the contemporary landscape of architectural theory and criticism (but also beyond those). Namely, it is not a book of theory, not a book of criticism, not a book of history, but at the same time it is cer-tainly a book of theory, criticism and history.And it does so by reviving the aphoristic genre, here following Jacques Derrida and Friedrich Nietzsche, that has largely fallen into disuse, as it is considered neither scientific nor academic in current (scientific and academic) production. By stepping back from the details, one is in fact still able to perceive the synthetic complete image.

Mimarinin Modernleşmesi

Author(s): Beyzanur Demircan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 34/2024

Modernization movements which has begun 17. century in Europe, brought to changes and transformation on politics, law, education, art and arthitectural. The phenomenon of modernization which still continues today, has allowed to create own ideology every process. Using modernization effects on arthitectural, states will defined own ideology. Modernization ideologies reflected city centers in Turkey like same in West. It was seen with modernization phenomenon in Ottoman Empire’s Reform Era first time. Modern ideologies was showed in structures which was made in Istanbul city. When transforming nation state, Ankara was choosed capital in line with nationalist modern ideology. Ankara has became a “tabula rasa” for the ideology that was intended to be reflected. Thus modern ideology has found a chance to was to be reflected. Because republic is a modernizing revolution.

Architektura i sztuka we współczesnej rzeczywistości szkoły podstawowej

Author(s): Agnieszka Chęć-Małyszek,Grzegorz Dobiesław Mazurek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2024

Proces nauczania w szkole podstawowej jest ważnym elementem kształtującym osobowość młodego człowieka, gdzie przez ciekawość dostarczona zostaje mu wiedza, wrażenia zmysłowe i estetyczne. Edukacja plastyczna odgrywa istotną rolę w procesie rozwijania wyobraźni, kreatywności i zdolności manualnych. Podręczniki do nauki plastyki są kluczowym narzędziem w nauczaniu sztuki i architektury. Celem artykułu jest analiza podręczników do nauki plastyki wydanych w ostatnich 5 latach dla szkół podstawowych zatwierdzonych przez MEN. Przeanalizowano treść oraz zamieszczony materiał ilustracyjny z czterech dostępnych wydawnictw. Zebrane informacje zestawiono z tym co znane, popularne i chętnie odwiedzane przez turystów na całym świecie. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na obiekty architektury sakralnej, uznając je za wartościowe dziedzictwo kulturowe. Analiza podręczników do nauki plastyki wykazała, że zamieszczone ilustracje oraz informacje w poszczególnych wydawnictwach są dość mocno zróżnicowane, choć poruszane są te same zagadnienia plastyczne. Treść podręczników powinna być spójna, poparta znanymi przykładami będącymi charakterystycznymi ikonami pewnych nurtów w sztuce i architekturze. Zadaniem powinno być zwrócenie uwagi młodego człowiek na kulturowe, społeczne, technologiczne, ekonomiczne i ekologiczne znaczenia sztuki i architektury. Powinny uczyć świadomej percepcji, selektywnego i krytycznego wyboru, jak również dystansu do samego siebie. Znaczenie edukacji plastycznej jest istotne, gdyż pełni rolę integrującą wobec innych dziedzin.

СТИЛЬ КЛАСИЦИЗМ У НАСТІННОМУ ЖИВОПИСІ ХРАМІВ КИЄВО-ПЕЧЕРСЬКОЇ ЛАВРИ

Author(s): Maryna Afanasiyivna Bardik / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2024

The purpose of the article is to study the features of the classicism style in mural paintings of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra churches. The research methodology based on the complex using of historical and cultural analysis, art study one, biographical method. The scientific novelty of the study. The implementation of the classicism style in the mural painting of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra is discovered. The archival descriptions of murals, photos, cartograms have been put into scientific circulation. On the basis of records, the stylistic signs of classicism in the mural paintings of the side-altar of the St. apostle and evangelist John the Theologian of the Great Church and the interior of the Church of Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos have been researched. It has been revealed, thanks to which principles of the construction of composition and colour, as well as specific decorative elements classicist mural paintings have been created in the compartments of these churches. On the basis of stylistic analysis and analysis of archival documents, the working hypothesis for the improvement of the attribution of mural painting of the Church of Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos has been proposed. Its connection with the painting baroque decoration of the Great Church (Dormition Cathedral) has been observed. Conclusions. The classicism style was represented in the mural painting of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra churches in the 19th century. The murals of the side-altar of the St. Apostle and evangelist John the Theologian of the Great Church and the interior of the Church of Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos were created in the classicism style. The painting decorations of the side-altar and the church were formed on the general principles of classicist composition, such as strict symmetry, a calm and clear rhythm, an ordered structure, and emotional restraint. The artist painted a number of elements of the classicist architecture such as caissons, elements of the Corinthian order, rust, etc. He created the illusion of bas-reliefs and stucco moulding thanks to the use of the grisaille technique. He painted illusory gilt frames of various shapes that bordered the compositions, stylized monochrome ornaments. He chose blue (the symbolic colour of the Theotokos) and shades of gray as dominants for colour. The analysis of the artistic style and records made it possible to propose the working hypothesis regarding the authorship and time of creation the murals of the Church of Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos. They were painted, as well as murals of the side-altar of the St. Apostle John the Theologian by Kornilii Voloshynov during 1837–1838. In the mural painting of the church, in the plots and locations of the compositions there were borrowings from the baroque decoration of the Church (Dormition Cathedral).