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Variations iconographiques : Constantin le Grand dans les peintures des églises de Pătrăuţi et d’Arbore

Author(s): Tereza Sinigalia / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2014

The article, written in 2013, the Constantinian Year, takes back and develops some ideas which can be found in my previous articles concerning the murals in both of churches in discussion. „The Exaltation of the Holy Cross” of the former nun’s monastery Pătrăuţi and the church dedicated to „The Beheading of St John the Baptist” in the village Arbore. The first is the foundation of the Moldavian prince Ştefan the Great (!487) and the second was built by Luca Arbore, chef of the army of the same Ştefan and of his hairs, Bogdan III and Stephen the Young, in 1503. The last was under the guardianship of Arbore during his nonage time, but was beheaded by him for high treason in 1523.As a reflex of the political situation of the Moldavia, see the military actions of the Ottomans in their endeavor to conquer Stephen’s country, the prince took the Emperor Constantine as a model in his struggle against the enemies of the Cross. The great „Cavalcade of the Emperor Constantine the Great/The Vision of the Emperor”, painted on the western wall of the narthex of the church in Pătrăuţi and the presence of the same Emperor as intercessor in front of Christ in the Votive painting of Stephens’s family and in the company of his mother, Helen, in some other images, so as in the scenes illustrating the History of the Holly Cross, found by Helen in Jerusalem, proves the special spiritual and political interest of the founder in this issue.The great chef of the army, Luca Arbore, demonstrates a similar idea when he asked the painters of his church to introduce in the narthex, on the western wall „The vision of the Emperor Constantine”, „The Discovery of the Cross” and „The Exaltation of the Holy Cross”. The datation of the painting rests an open discussion. I offered some supplementary arguments supporting the painting of the church during the life time of the founder (until 1523) and a restoration of the parts damaged by the Turks in 1538, as a disappeared inscription mentioned. Discovered in 1926, these inscription mentioned the name of Dragos Coman and the year 1541. The information was considered by the majority of researches that Dragos painted the whole ensamble in 1541 without taking in consideration visible modifications in some parts of the painting itself.

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Dschami und Mahalle des Tojgun Pascha im stadtteil Buda-Víziváros

Author(s): Győző Gerő / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2001

Die Topographie des türkenzeitlichen Buda (Ofen) wurde von Lajos Fekete auf Grund der Quellen so exakt bestimmt, daß die archäologischen Freilegungen deren Richtigkeit in nahezu vollem Umfang bestätigt haben, Eines der am frühesten entstandenen türkischen Stadtviertel bzw, Befestigungsabschnitte Ofens war der Mahalle des Tojgun Pascha, Das Zentrum dieses Stadtteils bildeten die von Tojgun Pascha gestifteten Gebäude, Zu dem Gebäudekomplex Tojgun Paschas gehörten, wie Ewlija Tschelebi schreibt, eine Dschami, ein Doppelbad - Tschifte Hamam genannt -, eine Medresse und auch Läden, Letztere mögen in einem kleineren Bedesten- oder Arasta-Gebäude untergebracht gewesen sein, das mit dem auf dem Stadtplan von de la Vigne in der Nähe der Dschami dargestellten Bau mit Säulenhalle identisch sein dürfte, Von den Stiftungseinrichtungen Tojgun Paschas ging allein die 1553-1555 erbaute Dschami unbeschädigt aus der Belagerung des Jahres 1686 hervor; in der Kapuzinerkirche, der heutigen unterwasserstädtischen Pfarrkirche, blieben bedeutende Details der Dschami erhalten, Die bei der Freilegung der Kibla-Mauer »in situ« zum Vorschein gelangten Fenster bzw, die im Kircheninneren entdeckten Reste der Mihrab, des türkenzeitlichen Fußbodenniveaus und Kanzelfundaments (Mimber) haben es ermöglicht, den Grundriß des Gebäudes sowie seine südöstliche Fassade authentisch zu rekonstruieren,

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Roşia Montană. An overview on the question of cultural heritage

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Roşia Montană. An overview on the question of cultural heritage

Author(s): Ștefan Bâlici / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

Roşia Montană (County Alba, Romania) is a gold mining site known and exploited since Roman or even pre-Roman times until the recent past. Traditional, family- or small group-operated mining has been going on for roughly two millennia, with even farther precedents, and lasted until the 1948 Communist nationalization, making of this place one of the most long-lived traditional mining centres known today. This particular endurance translates into a systematic and profound interrelation between natural setting and cultural phenomena – from deep down into the mountains, all the way to the surface, from topography to fauna and flora and to the human communities of the area, which produced one of the richest and most spectacular cultural landscapes of Romania and possibly of Europe.In this paper, an overview of the cultural heritage of the site is presented, based on acknowledged or emerging multidisciplinary research and evaluations. Consequently, two currently confronting visions for the development of the site are presented, a large-scale short-term open-cast mining project with already felt damaging effect on the cultural heritage, and the long-term sustainable development based on the rich cultural and natural resources, with a vision for the inscription of the site in the World Heritage List.

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Heritage Preservation, Nationalism and the Reconstruction of Historical Monuments in Germany during the Long Nineteenth Century

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Heritage Preservation, Nationalism and the Reconstruction of Historical Monuments in Germany during the Long Nineteenth Century

Author(s): Winfried Speitkamp / Language(s): English Issue: 03+04/2014

In the course of the nineteenth century, the predominant politics of heritage conservation strongly promoted the reconstruction of historical monuments. A new historical landscape was constructed, which became part of the popular image of German history, and which helped shape German collective memory. Different periods of German history each interpreted the historical monuments and their message anew. The monuments acted as reservoirs of memory for different social groups and generations. As landmarks, historical sites and tourist destinations, they became part of popular history and worked their way into the histories of individual families, and thus remained core components of German collective memory. The popular image of the past survived even the great historical ruptures that ensued in the twentieth century. The paper explores these notions first by means of a survey of individuals, organisations and ideas involved in historically orientated movements in nineteenth-century Germany. It then discusses core features and representative cases of historical restoration in practice, and finally focuses on one specific example: the Hohkönigsburg in Alsace-Lorraine.

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Ancient mosaic techniques and materials. Differences in terminology and possible solutions

Author(s): Valeria Noeva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The paper deals with several mosaic techniques used in Roman and Late Antique mosaic art in Bulgaria. Each technique is presented with short historical background and its development stages illustrated by famous examples of the Greek and Roman world aswell as the ones from Bulgarian provinces of the Roman empire. The main aim of the paper is tocontribute to unifi cation of the specifi c terminology used in scientific researches of mosaic art in Bulgaria according to the established scientific practices in this field.

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Late antique artefacts with biblical storylines found in Serdica

Author(s): Dochka Vladimirova-Aladzhova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The focus of the present article are two lead artefacts, uncovered at the archaeological explorations of Serdica. The first artifact is a commercial seal, on whose obverse side is depicted a straight human figure between two lions, both of them with heads facing backwards towards the central figure. According to the iconographic standards, the image on the seal is associated with the Old Testament parable of Daniel in the lion’s den. The image of Daniel is one of the earliest Christian symbols. The second artefact is a lead, double-sided round plate. On the conditionally accepted as a front side is depicted the image of the Good Shepherd who symbolizes the Savior in the early years of Christianity. On the reverse there is an image, similar to the one depicted on the seal - Daniel, hands uplifted in prayer standing between two lions. The examined monuments from Serdica originate from the strata in the city and are related to a certain archaeological context. Data coincide with the time of the end of the 3rd and 4th centuries, when the described above scenes with their style peculiarities and iconography are famous among the population.

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RECENZIE - INA ROȘU VĂDEANU, PROGRAMUL ARHITECTURAL AL BISERICII ROMÂNE UNITE CU ROMA. EPISCOPIA DIN GHERLA ȘI CLUJ-GHERLA (1853-1947) TENDINȚE STILISTICE ÎNTRE ORIENT ȘI OCCIDENT, EDITURA MEGA, CLUJ-NAPOCA 2018, 529 p. + 573 il

Author(s): Nicolae Sabău / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

O scurtă Prolegomena la prezentarea volumului Programul arhitectural al Bisericii Române Unite cu Roma. Episcopia de Gherla și Cluj-Gherla (1853-1947). Tendințe stilistice între Orient și Occident, Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca 2018, datorat istoricului și criticului de artă, Ina Roșu Vădeanu, face trimitere – plăcută realitate – la o programată și succesivă alegere tematică a disertațiilor întocmite sub generoasa cupolă a istoriei artelor din cadrul Facultății de Istorie și Filosofie a Universității Napocense, cercetări integrate unei tradiții, unui proiect generos mai vechi, început încă în urmă cu o jumătate de secol de istoricii de artă din „echipa” Academicianului Virgil Vătășianu, cercetători și cadre didactice care au definitivat Repertoriul / Topografia monumentelor istorice din 10 județe ale Transilvaniei, iar între anii 1991-1998, au inventariat edificiile patrimoniale din 121 de localități săsești – dintr-un ansamblu de 241 de localități săsești – aflate în jud. Bistrița-Năsăud, în zonele Reghin, Sebeș, Valea Hârtibaciului, Sibiu și regiunea Târnavelor, topografie concepută după modelul folosit de secția de evidență a Direcției Monumentelor Istorice din Renania, Brauweiler, sub îndrumarea științifică a instituției germane și a Comitetului Național German ICOMOS (Consiliul Internațional pentru Monumente și Situri al UNESCO) în parteneriat cu Direcția Monumentelor, Ansamblurilor și Siturilor Istorice (DMASI) din România, Centrul de Proiectare, Academia de Artă și Institutul de Arhitectură “Ion Mincu” din București, Institutul de Arheologie și Istoria Artei al Academiei Române, Filiala Cluj, Institutul de Studii Socio-Umane Sibiu al Academiei Române, Muzeul Etnografic Brașov, colaboratori ai Muzeului Brukenthal din Sibiu și Birouri de arhitectură pentru relevee.

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POST-INDUSTRIJSKA CRNA GORA : TRANSFORMACIJA PORTO MONTENEGRO

Author(s): Slavica Stamatović Vučković / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2017

The industrial development of cities in former Yugoslavia (SFRY), especially typical for the first three decades following World War II, was considerably declining during the 1980s and almost totally came to a halt over the 1990s. The dissolution of SFRY, armed conflicts, embargo and transition processes shifted, among other things, the focus of regional economy. In parallel with those processes, the global rise of IT and digital technologies resulted in boosting development of tertiary activities, which has derived different forms of deindustrialisation and the beginning of the so-called information, i.e. post-industrial era. In Montenegro as well, most of the former industrial activities were suspended. There have been various strategies for repurposing that most frequently do not recognise the potential of those spaces as industrial heritage, so industrial structures are in most cases fully or partly removed and substituted by new facilities. This is the case with nearly all the cities in the territory of Montenegro, while the characteristic spatial scenarios are notable in Podgorica, Cetinje, Berane and Tivat. A special importance is attached to the spatial transformation of the previous naval base Arsenal in Tivat, which commenced in 2007 following the process of privatisation. When this large and significant spatial transformation was presented at the 11th International Architecture Exhibition in Venice 2008 through the project named "From Arsenal to Porto Montenegro", the process only began. Nowadays, Porto Montenegro in Tivat is largely recognised as a significant Mediterranean nautical tourist destination.

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MEDNARODNA ŠTUDENTSKA DELAVNICA ‒ DOKUMENTIRANJE ISTRSKEGA MESTECA BALE

Author(s): Valentin Slaček / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2016

Inhabitants of town Bale in Istria developed social-business model, which combines positive aspects of capitalistic and socialistic systems. In this model the main objective isn't just financial success, but also the way, which lead to it. With other words, quality is more important than quantity. So, locals invest in renovation of traditional architecture, infrastructure, agriculture, ...

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DELAVNICA RADOVLJICA, ŠTIRJE RAZMISLEKI 2015 ‒ ARHITEKTURNO-URBANISTIČNA DELAVNICA

Author(s): Jurij Kobe / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2016

Organizacija: UL Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Občina Radovljica. Mentorji: izr. prof. Jurij Kobe, doc. Rok Žnidaršič, prof. Paul O. Robinson, Paulo Barbaresi, tehn. sod., Katarina Čakš, tehn. sod., Andraž Keršič, tehn. sod. Pri obravnavi deponije smo k sodelovanju povabili mag. Milivoja Kodriča, univ.dipl.inž.kem.

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Nemško utrjevanje na Spodnjem Štajerskem proti koncu druge svetovne vojne

Author(s): Tomaž Teropšić / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2008

On thè basis of literature and archive sources from the Archive of the Republic of Slovenia and several museums, the author looks at German fortification in the Lower Styria region towards thè end of World War II. The article includes the findings based on extensive tvork in the field and on memory material. As soon as in the second year of the war, the Germans in Lower Styria lived in fear of the partisans. This fear was greater in those parts of the territory where the liberation movement was stronger. The Germans started fortifying their strongholds. In the autumn of 1944, the German authorities started building a fortified defence line at the south-eastern border of the German Reich in order to defend themselves from the advancing Yugoslav army. In the rear of the fortified defence line they also carried out fortification works of locai importance in order to protect railways and important strongholds. The fortification activities in Lower Styria were managed by the Steiericher Heimatbund (Styrian Patriotic Alliance). The manual labour was carried out by the population of Lower Styria, some workers were brought from Austria and some even from thè Soviet Union; many of them were foreign prisoners of war. Despite significant investment the fortifications were not of any use to the German Army, because it did not defend it self at this fortified defence line, but during their retreat towards Austria.

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A Group of Reliefs from the Mramba Village (the Republic of Abkhazia): To the Question of Dating

Author(s): Ekaterina Endoltseva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Article deals with a group of reliefs from the church in Mramba village. Their were dated by the paleochristian period. New findings of the last ten years permit to adjust this version. They can be now referred to the Medieval period (10 – 11 century).

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La escultura del conjunto composicional de la iglesia monacal “Los Santos Tres Jerarcas” de Iaşi

Author(s): Mihail Gheaţău / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2019

In 1642, the voivode Vasile Lupu and the Holy Metropolitan of Barlaam completed the painting and masonry of the Princely Church of the new monastery dedicated to the Three Holy Hierarchs in Iași. Unprecedented in the tradition of our architecture, the church was the most important and most spectacular edifice built up until then in Moldova, a successful and unrivaled artistic experiment. The real challenge of the architect was to gather, synthesize and harmonize in a coherent whole elements of the Byzantine background with those of the Oriental ornamentation, of which neither Gothic nor Renaissance influences, all grafted on the basic texture of the local traditional motifs, are lacking. The silent symphony composed of a multitude of decorated notes, meaningfully spread on the stone pages of the majestic scores, is part of the kind of artwork that cannot be easily taken as a yardstick for other similar attempts. The result is a successful synthesis that, although it has not revolutionized the history of our architecture as a prototype, impresses with the novelty and uniqueness of the concept. Almost all the elements of the decoration express directly or through other graphic replacements, solar symbols or messengers and diffusers, which seem to constantly rotate around the church in unceasing prayer. If the geometrical motifs of traditional plastic arts are only the letters of popular decorative art, then the facades of the church are large parchments which, by the convention of an artistic language that intercedes our understanding, cover the church in words that constantly proclaim and glorify the Incarnate Word. The recourse to the dynamics of the vegetal element, which continuously grows towards light, signifies life without a beginning and end, is an invitation to the search and discovery of the Tabor Light that crosses the stone megadecor of the facade, giving us a plastic and symbolic reduction of the history of salvation.

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FİLOLOJİK-ARKEOLOJİK VERİLER IŞIĞINDA HİTİT DÖNEMİ SU BENTLERİ VE HAVUZ YAPILARI

Author(s): Ayşe ÜKE / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

Water! Ever since the birth of the human being, it has always kept it’s importance. More importantly, the human being understood the water as the cause of its creation and extinction, and as a result rebelled against nature. This rebellion brought man's instinct to dominate nature. What was the effects of human instinct which ruling over the water on nature, and how did this instinct play an active role in the severe droughts? What kind of precautions did people took against these droughts? These questions led us to the water structures in Anatolia which belongs to second thousand B.C. The dam structures, which are archaic type of today's dams, have emerged. The architectural structure and construction of these dams we examined in Çorum, Sivas, Kayseri, Amasya and Konya, where the Hittites spread, enabled us to learn about the Hittite engineering.

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GÖKBEL KÖYÜ HAMAS KIRANI TÜMÜLÜSÜ

Author(s): Şahin Yildirim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

The Yenice Hamas Kıranı tumulus is located near the village of Gökbel,which is 25km from the centre of the town in Kastamonu, in the western Black Sea region. The tumulus is located in the area known as Paphlagonia in ancient times. The tumulus has two chambers. The tomb structure lying in the centre of the tumulus. The tomb direction is east to West. The tumulus chambers were constructed with limestone blocks and formed with rectangular-planned. Unfortunately, this tumulus has been excavated many times by illegal excavators. The tomb structure, which has according to the architectural features, is dated to the in the middle of the 4th century BC.

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Recenzija: Volja do dela je bogastvo. Mikrozgodovinska študija o ljubljanskem stavbnem podjetniku Matku Curku (1885-1953) in njegovi družini

Author(s): Mojca Šorn / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/1999

The review of: Katarina Kobilica, Andrej Studen: Volja do dela je bogastvo. Mikrozgodovinska študija o ljubljanskem stavbnem podjetniku Matku Curku (1885-1953) in njegovi družini. Založba Nova revija, Ljubljana 1999, 148 strani, ilustr. (Zbirka Korenine)

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Pałac czy dwór? Na Czechowie czy na Czechówce? Glossa do rozważań o krajobrazie kulturowym północno-zachodniej części historycznego Lublina

Author(s): Jacek Chachaj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2019

The article is a response to the publication of M. Dudkiewicz, W. Durlak and M. Dąbski concerning a non-existent object called a manor or palace that existed in the modern era in the north-western part of Lublin on the edge of a plateau extending northwards from the Czechówka river valley. Since the previous article contains substantive factual errors, this text also attempts to show the ownership changes of the area where the manor existed, and specify its more precise location. The postulate for further research remains primarily the architectural analysis of the building, which in the second half of the 18th century was in an advanced state of decay.

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Stoljeće Vile Dalmacija na Marjanu – od Pansiona Split preko Titove vile do međunarodne umjetničke rezidencije

Author(s): Duška Boban / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/2019

Znamo da je o današnjem Splitu nemoguće govoriti izostavljajući riječ turizam ili njene izvedenice. Gubeći industriju u postsocijalističkim i poslijeratnim vremenima, grad se promijenio i na kraju postao monokulturna destinacija čija se ekonomija mjeri samo brojem noćenja apstraktnog značenja. Turizmu se u Splitu i okolici ne pristupa kao prilici za razvoj raznorodnih privrednih i kulturnih grana. Ne shvaća ga se kao “industriju doživljaja” niti kao poticaj osnaživanju lokalnih specifičnosti koje bi kao autentični i moćni atraktori bile i razlog za povratak posjetitelja. Turizam je ovdje tek šansa za “brzu lovu”, ugostiteljima i iznajmljivačima vlastitih spavaonica, šupa i nadogradnji, a osobito građevinskom lobiju i investitorima koji, slizani sa stimuliranim političarima i upravnim birokratima, teže nekontroliranom eksploatiranju najvrjednijih prostora grada, najčešće izgradnjom hotela. [...]

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SOCIJALNI PROSTOR U UTOPIJAMA I ANTIUTOPIJAMA

Author(s): Ivanka Knežević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/1982

The tradition of utopias represents the line of projects of a society, that is »no place« and »good place« simultaneously. It is supposed, therefore, that architectural, political and other means of the everyday life in utopias (societies of total de-alienation) and anti-utopias (that gravitate toward total alienation) must be entirely different. But the anthropological background in both of them is the same: the conception of the human nature being static, suspectible to modeling to leveling the needs. The settlements, both in utopias and anti-utopias, are, basicly, the existing settlements, perfected and cleaned from all the disfunctions.

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MODERN MABETLERİN GÖLGESİNDEKİ TÜKETİCİ TOPLUMU

Author(s): Emrah Sönmez / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 43/2019

In the modern world, shopping centers, which have become the center of attraction of consumption, have become a corporate activity area. In the consumer society, these attractions are areality of cities. Shopping centers can also be called as temples of modern and popular culture. In our daily life, we can find almost everything we can’t find and find in these temples. Its architectural structure has made it a showcase market that attracts societies. Interior design deprives the individual from what is happening and confronts him with a happy painting inside the shopping center. In the context of the consumption society, shopping center, which become a space that is institutionalized by leisure, have taken the same tastes and feelings as a common agora. In this sense, the consumption spree is shown to have spread its own culture every where. Consumption, which at the same time destroys our traditional lifestyle and homogenizes cultures with heterogeneous structure, has also created a perception of identity based on one-typification. It can be said that the first pillar started in europe and continued with a post-modern process in the US. It has become a paradigm of the global world. This study will focus on shopping centers and consumer culture in the global world. The main aim of the study is to reveal the effect of consumption paradox on today’s societies which have spread to the past.

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