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Septuaginta – pragnienie poznania Biblii

Author(s): Piotr Łabuda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Septuaginta, zawierając teksty nieobecne w Biblii hebrajskiej i będąc równocześnie dostojnym, starożytnym jej tłumaczeniem, nie jest jedynie przekładem. Nie jest także tylko Księgą dla starożytnych, ale winna być również i dla nas niezwykle cennym Tekstem. Powstała bowiem jako rzeczywiste pragnienie poznania Biblii. Dzięki Septuagincie tekst Biblii hebrajskiej stał się dostępny zarówno dla Żydów, jak i dla Greków. Biblia grecka była użyteczna dla potrzeb literackich, prawniczych i synagogalnych. Tekst ten pomagał także w zbliżeniu się do tajemnicy Jezusa Chrystusa i poznaniu jej. The Septuagint which contains texts not presented in the Hebrew Bible is at the same time its formal and ancient translation. It is not just an interpretation either. It is not meant only for the ancient societies, but should be treated as a valuable Text by contemporary people as well. The Book was created as a result of the need to learn the Bible. The Septuagint made the texts of the Hebrew Bible accessible for both the Jews and the Greeks. The Greek Bible became useful for literary, legal and synagogical purposes. Undeniably it helped people get closer to the mystery of Jesus Christ.

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DR. BUZOGÁNY DEZSŐ EGYETEMI TANÁR KÖSZÖNTÉSE

Author(s): János Molnár / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

Nagytiszteletű Professzor úr, kedves Dezső, a címzetes tanárok között én vagyok a legidősebb. Rég volt, amikor sokáig én vol¬tam a legfiatalabb. Most már ez egészen másként van, s épp ezért nekem jutott az a meg¬tiszteltetés, hogy 60. születésnapod alkalmából köszöntselek Téged, mint aki korban köz¬vetlenül utánam következel. A személyiséglélektannal foglalkozók azt mondják, hogy a 60 év az idős kor kez-dete. Erről mondja a Prédikátor elég pesszimistán azt, hogy egy olyan időszaknak a kez¬dete, amikor a halmocskáktól is fél az ember, mert a sáska nehezen vonszolja magát, a mandulafa megvirágzik, és kipattan a kapor. Vajon így igaz ez?!

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A MAROSI REFORMÁTUS EGYHÁZMEGYE 1927. ÉVI KETTÉOSZTÁSA (A BEKECSALJAI REFORMÁTUS EGYHÁZMEGYE LÉTREJÖTTE)

Author(s): Árpád Róbert Berekméri / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

The territory of the Reformed Diocese of Maros was modified in 1927, this being the second significant change in its history. In 1641, several parishes have left the diocese to form the Reformed Diocese of Görgény. The managing of a diocese, which by the first half of the 20th century represented 125 parishes, became a difficult task for the governing body. The idea of a territorial division came up in 1918, but only in 1922 was a decision made by the board of the Diocese. The lengthy splitting procedure, approved by the Board of Directors, ended on April 20, 1927, with the formation of the Reformed Diocese of Bekecsalja. Lajos Kolozsvári became the Dean of the new Church organization and Dr. László Dósa lawyer became the churchwarden. The Board of Directors rejected the appeal made against the election, and confirmed the new governing body of the Diocese on May 24, 1927. While the new diocese was not recognized by the Ministry of Culture and while neither the state nor the Board of Directors gave any aid for the settling in arrangements, the functioning of the diocese had to be managed through its own available budget.

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AZ ERDÉLYI ORGONATÁJ FOTOGRÁFUSA –BUZOGÁNY DEZSŐ ORGONAKÉPEI (MOZAIKOK, NEM CSAK ZENÉRŐL)

Author(s): István Dávid / Language(s): English,Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

To take a photo inventory of the Transylvanian organs is not only a musical or artistic challenge. It is more important to have friendly relations between the organist – like researcher of the instrument – and the photographer of these marvellous artistic facades. In this article there are presented some pleasant mosaics, memories, remembrances from the past, about the beginning and getting stronger of such a professional collaboration with new and new experiences. In the book Organ-Monuments in Transylvania written by the organist István Dávid, there are more than 30 photos in the Picture Index, each made by prof. Dezső Buzogány. The number of offered photos was much more, some of them with historic value, as the situation changed ever since. This article included 6 Buzogány-photos from the Transylvanian Organ Landscape, made years ago, by the young pastor of Selye and Ádámos Reformed Congregations. And you will find here 6 organs, with a short history of each other as: Segesvár (Sighişoara), Ádámos (Adămuş), Agyagfalva (Lutiţa), Medgyes (Mediaş), Siménfalva (Şimoneşti), Kolozsvár (Cluj).

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NÉHÁNY ADAT A TÖRTÉNELMI DÉSI, SZÉKI ÉS A GÖRGÉNYI REFORMÁTUS EGYHÁZMEGYÉK ORGONÁIRÓL

Author(s): Dávid Sipos / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

During our research between 2010-2015 in the above mentioned Reformed Dioceses we found a quite large number of curiosities about the history of the organs in the churches of these dioceses. In many cases we could set the mismatching data rights, we found information about organ builders, dates of construction etc. Although the most interesting part of this research is the repertoire of the organs, we would not recommend for every day reading: the reader can be put to sleep by the flow of the information. But it is worth for the reader to get acquainted with a few of these curiosities, interesting stories about a few organs in these three dioceses. In the following pages we will present a few interesting details about the organs in Dej (Dés), Ocna Dej (Désakna), Dămăcușeni (Domokos), Chiochiș (Kékes), Vaida Cămăraș (Vajdakamarás), Suseni - Filipișu Mic (Marosfelfalu - Kisfülpös), Brâncovenești (Marosvécs).

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A KOLOZSVÁRI REFORMÁTUS TEOLÓGIAI FAKULTÁS KÖNYVTÁRÁNAK IRATGYŰJTEMÉNYÉRŐL

Author(s): Gábor Sipos / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

After 1895, documents of archival character got to the library of the Protestant Theological Faculty. Papers of pastors were filed here with the intention of maintenance, dioceses and parishes also transferred old documents. Writings taken away from the archive of Supremum Consistorium on purpose to carry on research work got here, too. A part of the Sombori family’s records was filed here in 1940. The collection comprising 449 papers dating from the 16th–20th centuries was docketed by Nagy Géza, professor of theology in 1951, who arranged the documents according to chronological order. In 1979 the collection rolled in The Archive of the Transylvanian Protestant Church District, in the course of its classification we have sorted the papers according to provenance, the writings loaned were put back to their original places.

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AMIKOR (KOLLEKTÍV) BŰN VOLT MAGYARNAK LENNI A FELVIDÉKEN

Author(s): Alfréd Somogyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

After the second world war, the plan was to create a nation-state from the renewed Czechoslovakia. The head of the state, Edvard Beneš’s intention was, to make the Germans and Hungarians, living in the country, disappear. He blamed these two nations, and the German and Hungarian minorities living in Czechoslovakia for the collapse of the country in 1938. The creation of a nation-state was supported by the Great Powers. In 1945, the Red Army liberated the former territories of Czechoslovakia and in the absence of a central government, Edward Beneš started to rule by issuing presidential decrees. He issued 143 decrees, amongst them those proclaiming the collective war crime of Germans and Hungarians, loss of their citizenship, confiscation of their properties, and it sent them to forced labour. This started their expulsion from their homeland. Hungarians were deported to Czech territory, then expelled to Hungary, finally forcefully resettled to Hungary in exchange for Slovaks living in Hungary. The plan was to "shift" 400.000 Hungarians to Hungary. In the end, 90.000 people were deported, out of them 50.000 of reformed religion. This paper deals with the effects of the deportations, resettlements from the reformed church’s point of view.

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KERESZTELŐ JÁNOS ÉS TANÍTVÁNYAI

Author(s): Lehel Lészai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

John the Baptist and his disciples have an exceptional importance for our research, because chronologically and in other important ways, they are very close to Jesus and his disciples. Their chronological proximity is proven by their almost simultaneous conception, their activity, and finally their execution. John the Baptist prepared the way for Christ through his ministry. He gathered disciples and taught them to pray. He fasted together with his disciples. We have to leave open the question of his contact with Qumran and his relationship to the Essenes. In some respects there are similarities between him and Jesus, but there cannot be denied the differences, first of all regarding the ascetic way of life. Because of his uncompromising preaching and the upholding of the banner of truth he had to suffer a violent death. Through his death he becomes a part of the prophet’s fatal destiny.

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NEVELÉSI MODELLEK A PÉLDABESZÉDEK KÖNYVÉBEN

Author(s): János Molnár / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

The study draws up, describes and presents education models demonstrating the book's pedagogical topicality in the present pedagogical activity. The study also treats issues of history of literature, authorship and genesis period as well as issues regarding the origin of the collection found in the book. It details the notion of Hebrew wisdom, the activity of the wise who teach, respectively the initial phases of the subsequently funded schools. The study specifies and presents five education models: nursing, guiding, ruling, supporting self-development and social sensitivity.The author emphasizes and illustrates the pedagogical topicality of the book.

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VALLÁSOS NEVELÉS ÉS A GYERMEKKÉP ALAKULÁSA A REFORMÁCIÓ KORÁBAN – FELADATOK AKKOR ÉS MOST -

Author(s): Gabriella Márta Gorbai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

The spread of Protestant reformation in Europe brought about a qualitative and quantitative change in schooling. At the same time, the various forms of religious revival changed the parent-child and adult-child relationships as well, which is referable to the fundamental importance attributed to the role of family in religious education. In this study we analyze the view of children in the age of reformation; we try to establish whether the increased attention given to children was indeed prompted by religion; we look for the explanation of the fact that protestant communities have shown a form of care that was different from what was customary before that time.As a conclusion we can draw comparison between then and now, since our problems, aims and tasks regarding the realization of religious education are in many ways similar to the challenges faced by our great ancestors in the age of reformation.

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HAGYOMÁNYŐRZÉS ÉS ÚJÍTÁS ÖSSZJÁTÉKA AZ ERDÉLYI REFORMÁTUS EGYHÁZBAN AZ 1989-ES VÁLTOZÁSOKAT KÖVETŐEN

Author(s): Sarolta Püsök / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

We often encounter the conflict of innovation and tradition, but the churches cannot give up their own traditions, because it would contradict their self-definition. Paradoxically the reformed tradition is the innovation and constant renewal, but not in the sense of being trendy and being identic to the spirit of the age. Reformation means reforming the deviant ideas and way of life, it means going back to the center, to the Word (of God). After the changes in ‘89, major social changes occurred in Transylvania, the reformed community was also hit by the will of altering. It is important to see clearly the difference between the rightful and delusory expectation. The study seeks an answer to the question, how is it possible to transmit and renew our values in the reformed way (under the principle of Sola Scriptura). The present writing discusses only the following approaches of the question: liturgic reforms, sacred space, the relationship of form and content, sacral language, social engagement of the church and pastors etc.

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BARTÓK GYÖRGY KÉZIRATA, MINT RAVASZ LÁSZLÓ FORRÁSA

Author(s): Szabolcs Szetey / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

The most influential homiletical book of the later reformed bishop, Ravasz László (The Theory of the Congregational Preaching Ministry – Homiletics, Pápa, 1915) had and has been respected and adapted by many scholars and ministers for more than one century since its publication. In the theological research, all sources of Ravasz’ book have not yet been clearly identified and clarified. A manuscript, mainly written in 1895/1896 by Bartók György (1845–1907), Ravasz’s later father in law and deputy professor of theology in Nagyenyed, coincides with more parts of Ravasz László’s book in several cases concerning the history of preaching in the Christian Church and in the Hungarian Reformed Church. The manuscript, described and analysed in this study, shows also the working method of the young professor Ravasz. The results of this paper contribute to the revaluation of the epochal work of Ravasz László and to the research of history of homiletics and preaching.

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Turkic Loanwords in the Slavonic-Russian Pentateuchs Edited According to the Masoretic Text

Author(s): Alexander I. Grishchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

This article presents eighteen glosses and emendations borrowed from Turkic dialects into the Slavonic-Russian Pentateuch edited according to the Hebrew Masoretic Text (in manuscripts from the 15th–16th centuries). The first group of these words – including proper names – has Arabic or Persian origins; they came into East Slavonic with obvious Turkic mediation (Skandryja ‘Alexandria’, Bagadad ‘Baghdad’, Misurʹ ‘Egypt’, Šam ‘Damascus’, Isup ‘Joseph’, sturlabʹ ‘astrolabe’, soltan ‘sultan’, olmas ‘diamond’, ambar ‘ambergris’, and brynec ‘rice’). The second group is proper Turkic: saigak ‘saiga antelope’, ošak ‘donkey’, katyrʹ ‘mule’, kirpič ‘brick’, talmač ‘interpreter’, čalma ‘turban’, and saranča ‘locust’. The author agrees with the hypothesis that this glossing/emendation was made for the East Slavonic Judaizers. Furthermore, the author suggests that there was participation of a group of merchants interested in a new and mysterious knowledge promulgated by learned rabbis.

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Перевод библейских, а также коранических названий священных книг в письменных памятниках татар Великого княжества Литовского и польских переводах Библии и Корана

Author(s): Joanna Kulwicka-Kamińska / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2011

The purpose of this analysis is to present the manner of translating the titles of holy books from Hebrew, Greek, and Arabic by Polish and Lithuanian Tartars and by Polish translators of the Bible and the Quran. It also attempts to define the scope and the nature of relations between the translations of the Bible and the Quran and to present the picture of the books in question on the basis of selected source texts. The source texts vary in terms of form and origin and the vocabulary was excerpted from such materials as historical writings of the Polish and Lithuanian Tartars (the texts were written in Arabic and required transcription and transliteration) as well as translations of the Quran into Polish. The words were also selected from the translations of the Bible (16th-century, 17th-century, and contemporary versions).

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Słownictwo i frazeologia "Psałterza krakowskiego" (1532) na tle ówczesnych przekładów biblijnych

Author(s): Ewa Woźniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 41/2002

Plałterz albo ko/cielne Jpiewanie Krola Dawida nowo pilnie przełożony z lacińjkiegc ięzika w p o l/k i według Jzczerego tekstu. PraJfowano lata Bożego M. D. XXXII. to trzeci z zachowanych polskich psałterzy, a pierwszy drukowany w 1532 r. w Krakowie w oficynie Hieronima Wietora. Miejsce wydania oraz nazwisko wydawcy posłużyły do stworzenia dwoch identyfikujących zabytek skrotowych jego nazw stosowanych w dotychczasowej literaturze przedmiotu: przez jednych nazywany jest „Psałterzem krakowskim”, przez innych „Psałterzem Wietora” lub „Wietorowym”

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Córki Syjońskie (Iz 3, 16-24). Błyskotliwy przykład ekwiwalencji dynamicznej czy dowód na istnienie nie-masoreckiej Vorlage LXX

Author(s): Anna Rambiert-Kwaśniewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Passus from Iz 3,16-24 describing splendor of Zion’s daughters is without a doubt a perfect base to perform a comparison between the Hebrew Bible and Septuagint. It is hard to identify many of the Hebrew hapax legomena used by Isaiah, however, this is not this particular difficulty that can be seen as a cause of differences in translation of LXX. Thorough analysis shows, that Greek translator made an acculturation of the text to Egyptian conditions, as the list of goods he compiles has its representation in papyrus texts, in particular in these listing items in bride’s dowry. Explanation based on the culture is, however, not sufficient, since Greek version of the fragment can be also interpreted by using specifically “vailed” theology. This is because the translator adds to his version of text the same precious items, which has been used, according to LXX Ex to build the tabernacle at the desert. It is well seen in analogies between LXXIsa 3,20 and LXXEx 35,22, and also LXXIsa 3,23 and LXXEx 25,4. In this context explaining the difference between LXX and Hebrew Bible by referring to different Vorlage cannot be justified and proved.

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М.В. ЛОМОНОСОВ КАК ПСАЛМОПЕВЕЦ В ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ А.И. АЛЕКСАНДРОВА

Author(s): Aleftina Yuryevna Chernysheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2017

The paper is devoted to analysis of the work by Bishop Anastasius (Professor A.I. Aleksandrov), the rector of the Kazan and St. Petersburg theological academies and the Dean of the Historical Philological Department of the Kazan Imperial University during the second half of the 19th – early 20th century, “In Memory of Mikhail Lomonosov, the Father of Russian Science and the Divinely Inspired Psalmist” based on the speech of A.I. Aleksandrov at the solemn meeting of the Kazan Theological Academy on November 7, 1911, on the 200th anniversary of birth of M.V. Lomonosov. M.V. Lomonosov’s linguistic findings still need further investigation, as well as A.I. Aleksandrov’s works. This defines the novelty and relevance of this study. The purpose of this paper is to trace M.V. Lomonosov’s contribution to the development of Russian linguistics as understood by A.I. Aleksandrov and to identify the features of A.I. Aleksandrov’s worldview. As a result of the study, the following conclusions have been made. Though the analysis of scientific and spiritual activity of M.V. Lomonosov, A.I. Aleksandrov showed that M.V. Lomonosov, as a brilliant linguist, is the creator of fine literature, including religious lyrics: versifications of nine pslams (1, 14, 26, 34, 70, 103, 116, 143, 145) of the Old Testament, odes from the Book of Job, and, in addition, two reflections on the Majesty of the God. The religious views of M.V. Lomonosov are associated by A.I. Aleksandrov with the faith of the poet in the “providential Hand” of the God and His mercy. According to A.I. Aleksandrov, M.V. Lomonosov’s poems is an evidence of the friendly union between faith and reason, as well as a reminder of the time in the history of Russian society when secular and spiritual science were indivisible, in contrast to the society. A.I. Aleksandrov explored carefully M.V. Lomonosov’s scientific works and demonstrated the specifics of his own worldview consisting in accepting the unity of secular and religious studies, which was characteristic of the Kazan Linguistic School during that period.

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Kazanie Marcina Lutra na poświęcenie kościoła zamkowego w Torgawie

Author(s): Jerzy Sojka,Ewa Sojka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2017

The main part of the article „Martin Luther’s Sermon at the Dedication of the Castle Church in Torgau” is a translation to Polish of the Reformer’s sermon on the 5th of October 1544 to the text from Luke 14:1-11. It was delivered during the ceremony of consecration of one of the first churches built from the beginning as an evangelical temple. The text of the translation is accompanied by an introduction, which discusses the church in Torgau and the circumstances of its consecration, as well as a commentary that includes the main threads of M. Luther’s sermon, which include: definition of an evangelical service, questions of remembering the Sunday, and the social structure based on various vocations.

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BOSANSKO ČETVEROEVANĐELJE - SOFIJSKI ODLOMCI

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian,Church Slavonic Issue: 80/2018

The Sophia fragment of the Gospels comes from a mediaeval codex that belonged to the Bosnian Church. It is kept in the Bulgarian National Library of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Sophia, under call sign. НБКМ 23+468, in the Славянски ръкописи or Slavic Manuscripts collection. The surviving fragment comprises 52 pages from what was originally a much larger manuscript. It contains parts of the second half of the Gospel according to Matthew and the beginning of the Gospel according to Mark. The surviving sections of the codex offer no information that might point to the book's earliest owners and the manuscript has no marginal glosses, but repairs to it and liturgical markings added subsequently do suggest it may have been kept for at least a short period of time in an Orthodox monastery. The Sophia Gospels were copied out in the second half of the 14th century in a Cyrillic script whose palaeographic and orthographic features are consistent with contemporary Church Slavonic manuscripts from Bosnia, while linguistic forms found in the fragments suggest they may have come from an area with a diphthongic value for Jat. The lexical choices in the Sophia Gospels are reliable evidence that the exemplar used by the scribe was highly archaic, a finding in line with the current state of knowledge regarding the Bosnian group, which passed on the oldest version of Cyril and Methodius’ translation of the New Testament. This critical edition of the Sophia Gospels, which includes variants from two other Bosnian manuscripts, the Vrutok and the Dovolje Gospels, has confirmed the high degree of closeness between the exemplars of the Sophia and of the Vrutok gospels. This research makes it possible to state that the Bosnian Sophia Gospels offer a typical example of the New Testament text as preserved under the aegis of the Bosnian Church.

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The Translation of the New Testament into Hebrew in the Eyes of Franz Delitzsch: Philology, Mission, Theology

Author(s): Eran Shuali / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In this article, I examine the way in which Franz Delitzsch envisioned his masterpiece translation of the New Testament into Hebrew, first published in 1877. I focus on the aims Delitzsch attributed to his translation and on the way in which the translation project was embedded in the wider views held by Delitzsch as a Hebraist and a theologian. Furthermore, I show how Delitzsch’s conception of his endeavor structured the translation work itself.

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