„Skandal krzyża” a motyw świątyni (ναόϛ) według relacji o wyszydzeniu Jezusa na krzyżu (Mk 15,29-32a)

Author(s): Mieczysław Michał Mikołajczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: _/2012

Der Abschnitt Mk 15,20b-41 ist die zentrale und älteste Schilderung des Leidens Jesu. Dem evangelischen Bericht über die Kreuzigung Jesu, zwischen zwei Räubern (Mk 15,23-28) folgt die Darstellung verschiedener Gestalten, die in der Nähe des Kreuzes versammelt sind. Unter ihnen befinden sich solche, die auf den sterbenden Jesus schimpfen (Mk 15,29-32a). In dem so ungewöhnlich tragischen Moment des Leidens Jesu, das seinem Tod unmittelbar vorangeht (Mk 15,33-37), wird Er beschimpft und verspottet wegen Seines angeblichen Angriffs gegen den Tempel, also wegen Seines Auftretens gegen das Sanktuarium von Jerusalem. In dem so sarkastischen Bild stellt St. Markus eine außerordentlich interessante Problematik des sog. Kreuzskandals dar. In dem Artikel kommt der Verfasser zum Schluss, dass in dem Bericht in Mk 15,29-32a und in dem ganzen Evangelium nach St. Markus Jesus als Derjenige dargestellt wird, der die Macht über den Tempel besitzt, und nicht nur in Bezug auf den Ihm gehörigen Titel des Menschensohns, also im eschatologischen Sinne, als Derjenige, der zur Rechten der Macht sitzt (Mk 14,58-62). Eine besondere Macht über den Tempel gebührt Jesus wegen Seines Todes am Kreuz. Die Weissagung von dem Untergang des Tempels zu Jerusalem geht in dem Markusevangelium den erlösenden Ereignissen voraus: dem Gericht über Jesus, Seinem Leiden und Seinem Tod am Kreuz.

SUPUNEREA CREȘTINILOR FAȚĂ DE STĂPÂNIREA ROMANĂ, DUPĂ ROM 13:1-7

Author(s): Stelian Tofană / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 2/2015

This study analyzes a text from Romans 13:1-7 where the Apostle Paul presents six reasons for the Christian submission and obedience to the civil Roman authority at that time. Taking into account that the Roman Persecutions against to Christians have already made a lot of victims among them, Paul’s exhortations to Roman Christians urging them to be obedient to secular authority, seemed to be extremely courageous. Paul argues his advices by affirming that governing authority that exists, is established by God and it is, therefore, his “ministry” in the world rewarding the good deeds and punishing the wrong ones. According to this perspective the Christians motive for submission to the civil authority is not “the fear”, but rather “the conscience” and “the love”. Rom 13:1-7 constitutes, therefore, the key text of the entire New Testament on the subject of Christian’s obedience and submission towards the State’s civil authority.

PSALMUL 2 – ABORDARE ISAGOGICĂ, EXEGETICĂ ȘI TEOLOGICĂ (PARTEA A II-A)

Author(s): Stelian Pașca-Tușa / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 2/2015

In this research paper, we intend to offer the reader the possibility of becoming more familiar with the main types of biblical commentaries through an exegetic exercise centred round Psalm 2. The choice of the supporting text is not at all random since, even from ancient times, the psalms have benefitted from the attention of an impressive number of interpreters and have been the beginning of both dialogue and controversy between religions (Christianity and Judaism) and Christian denominations. Throughout the exegetical analysis, we took into consideration the rigors of the school of criticism which we correlated with the rabbinic and patristic commentaries in order to accomplish a very ample interpretation. Even if these commentators were not entirely in agreement, rather than bringing to relief their interpretative differences, we tried to underline the common elements existing in the specific manner of interpretation of each exegetical school. Thus, the complexity of this isagogic, exegetical and theological study resides in the fact that it approaches the text of the psalm from a literary, allegorical and spiritual point of view and it can become a hermeneutical paradigm for those who wish to study the Holy Scriptures with scientific and spiritual accuracy.

UN TEXT MISIONAR PROBLEMATIC: IOAN 20, 23 ȘI ACURATEȚEA TRADUCERII CELOR DOUĂ VERBE PRINCIPALE (ἀφίενται ȘI κεκράτηνται)

Author(s): Cătălin Varga / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 2/2015

One of the most central theological themes of Orthodoxy is sacerdotalism, the mystery of priesthood and its roots growing from this Johannine verse, in which apostles are sent to mission after they were invested with power to forgive the sins. The problem that occurs refers to the translation of the perfect that is found in the main clause in both sentences: ἀφίημι (“to let go, forgive”) and κρατέω (“to retain, to grasp”), which in some manuscripts of the New Testament (Codex Sinaiticus; Codex Alexandrinus; Codex Bezae) and in a few uncials and critical editions of the Greek New Testament (Westcott and Hort; Nestle’s Greek New Testament), appears to be perfect tense.According to Greek New Testament grammars, the perfect tense pictures a past action, the result of which was present to the speaker or writer. So Jesus warned the disciples that they were to treat as forgiven only those that were already forgiven by God. According to this scenario, their entire mission summarizes the acts of authenticating the things that have already been made for them (in their name) and for the people. Our research deals with this issue, underlines the value of indicative present mood of this two verbs, as we encounter them in the byzantine manuscripts of the New Testament and also in Codex Vaticanus. The large context of the story deals with the action of breathing the Holy Spirit over the disciples, transforming them into a new existence and receiving power by this, to forgive or retain everyone’s sins, that is why I see the perfect tense as the result of a scribal error. The difference between the present ἀφίενται and the perfect ἀφέωνται consist of two letters changed, an error that might have occured among the scribs. Establishing the indicative present of the action is an urgent task for the world of orthodox biblical studies, because according to this prerequisite, our whole missionary agenda earns credits.

Znaczenie mniszych ślubów stałości i przemiany obyczajów oraz ich biblijne uzasadnienie

Author(s): Tomasz Maria Dąbek OSB / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Dwa określenia z mniszych ślubów, różne od typowych formuł związanych z życiem konsekrowanym: stałość (stabilitas) i zakonność (przemiana) obyczajów (conversio, conversatio morum), są głęboko zakorzenione w Biblii i wskazują na ważne cechy postawy uczniów Chrystusa, które w Biblii określają: cierpliwa wytrwałość (ὑπομονή), również „owoce” czy „owoc Ducha” z Ga 5, 22: cierpliwość (μακροθυμία) obejmująca wielkoduszność, wyrozumiałość, wytrzymałość, wytrwałość i wierność (πίστις) oraz nawrócenie, metanoia (μετάνοια). Taka postawa to raz podjęte zobowiązanie oraz ciągły wysiłek, by stale troszczyć się o wierność Bogu i pokonywać własną słabość. Mogą one również być cennymi wskazówkami dla innych osób konsekrowanych oraz wszystkich chrześcijan pragnących konsekwentnie żyć zgodnie z przyrzeczeniami złożonymi na chrzcie i wzrastać w miłości Boga i ludzi.

A Római levél záró doxológiája

Author(s): Dezső Kállay / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2013

Az egyház egységéről szóló tanítás az Efézusi levélben

Az Efézusi levél 2,11–22 magyarázata

Author(s): Zsolt Geréb / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2012

BIBLIJNY TERMIN 'ALUQAH. EGZEMPLIFIKACJA WPŁYWU KULTURY ARABSKIEJ NA PRZ 30,15

Author(s): Marek Janik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2016

This article attempts to answer the question of the influence of the Ancient Arab concept of female vampires on the biblical term ’aluqah. The exegetical analysis conducted, helped to decide that both the numeration used by the Author of Proverbs 30.15, and the use of the term ’aluqah was aimed at depicting a certain kind of insatiability. Thus, on the exegetic level, there may be no talk of any kind of reference to vampires, but only an indication of the insatiability aspect. The case is similar with the verses Deut 12:12; Lev 7:27; 1 Chron 11:19; Mic 7:2; Prov 30:14 and J1 1:6. The mentioned texts by no means talk of vampires, but about food restrictions or give graphic, metaphorical descriptions. In turn, the Old Testament se’irim may not be considered parallel to the Arab female vampires due to the absence of similar actions. The only thing that may indicate any similarity is the etymological concordance between the Hebrew ’aluqah, and the Arab ’alaq.

„OD CUDOWNEGO POŁOWU RYB DO PRACY APOSTOLSKIEJ W ŚWIECIE”

ORĘDZIE TEOLOGICZNE J 21,1-14

Author(s): Karol Słowak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2016

The present article discusses the theological message which flows from the inspired text on the miraculous catch offish (John 21:1-14). The discussed subject consists of three issues. The first theological message discussed is the ministry in the world. The appearance of the risen Jesus at the Sea of Galilee is a prerequisite to the miraculous catch. His appearance in the morning guarantees the effectiveness of the apostolic mission continued by Peter’s and the apostles’ successors in the world. The second issue is connected to the recognition of the appearing Jesus and responding to the vocation. The first to notice Jesus is “the disciple whom Jesus loved”, next - Peter, and then the remaining disciples. The crucial words here are “It is the Lord”. The catch confirmed the faith of the disciples. This faith is being proclaimed in the Church by the apostles’ successors. The last issue is related to the meal eaten by the risen Jesus with his disciples on the shore of the Tiberias Sea. The meal represents salvation, which is first found by Peter, and then extended to the entirety of the Church.

Zmartwychwstały Pan Jezus - radość Ewangelii (J 20, 20b)

Author(s): Henryk Witczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The author analyses exegetically J 20, 19–20 where the disciples were filled with joy when they saw Risen Jesus. Starting from the analysis of the literary context and the motives related to the disciples’ joy, the author stresses church-centered role of the Risen Lord (kyrios). He points out a number of references to the appearances of Risen Christ in Luke 24, which seem to have many points in common with the Johannine tradition. He particularly focuses on the very moment of appearance when Jesus in a symbolic gesture shows his hands and side to the disciples. The hands and side are the symbols of tender love of the Good Shepherd and inexhaustible source of the Holy Spirit. Moreover, he presents the contrast between the experience of fear, confusion and scattering (before the Resurrection) and the experience of joy, confidence and unity which was rediscovered around the Risen Jesus.

Sylwetka i funkcja prezbitera w pierwszych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich na podstawie autentycznych listów św. Pawła. Lata 50–67 po Chr.

Author(s): Arnold Zawadzki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

This article aims to present a short and clear presentation of ministerial priesthood in seven authentic letters by St Paul and his speech to the elders in Ephesus (Acts 20:14-28). Although St Pauldoes not write directly about ministerial priesthood (in his authentic letters we cannot find such terms as ἱερεύς or ἱεράτευμα) the notion of mediation and sanctification (ἁγιασμός), which is typical of priestlyservice, is very distinct in the first Christian communities. Undoubtedly a reader of Paul’s letters is struck by a big accumulation of cultic and temple terminology which is typical of the Old Testamentcult and its transfer to the most secular spheres of Christian life, which can be described as real liturgy. Starting from “liturgy of life” the author presents the subject of ministerial priesthood based on theoriginal Pauline thought. The analysis of the most significant pericope helps us to understand the most important elements of ministerial priesthood according to St Paul and their short characteristics.

Osnovne pretpostavke za shvaćanje i tumačenje Knjige Postanka

Author(s): Božo Lujić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 40-41/2011

Biblijska izvješća o čovjekovim korijenima koji se nalaze na nebu (nešāmāh) i o korijenima povezanima sa samom zemljom kao životnim čovjekovim prostorom (hā’ādām) bila su odvajkada u nesmanjenu žarištu zanimanja teoloških i neteoloških razmišljanja. I vjerojatno kao rijetko koji biblijski tekst ovaj je, predan u Knjizi Postanka u prva tri poglavlja, kroz stoljeća izazivao ne samo različita tumačenja, nego je često zbog jednostrana i preuska shvaćanja imao i različite, nekad i kobne posljedice za pojedince, ali i za cijele skupine, a utjecao je i na načelni odnos između Crkve i znanosti kroz cijelo razdoblje moderne. Zapravo, na tim tekstovima o stvaranju u Knjizi Postanka lomile su se tijekom povijesti metode i načini biblijskoga čitanja i razumijevanja sve do današnjih dana.

Isusova poruka suvremenom čovjeku: Analiza i perspektive

Author(s): Božo Lujić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 38-39/2009

Biblijska je poruka povijesna poruka, a to znači da je nastajala u različitim vremenima i raznovrsnim društveno-političkim kontekstima. Iz tih konteksta poruka je dobivala svoj smisao i posebna obilježja. U njoj su se zrcalila povijesna obzorja i problemi tog vremena, ali u njoj je također sadržana i poruka koja ima univerzalno i trajno značenje. To značenje valja uvijek u novim povijesnim okolnostima istraživati, otkivati i povezivati s iskustvom vremena. Na taj način poruka mijenja svoje okvire, mijenja povijesno ruho, ali neki bitni sadržaji ne gube na svome sjaju.

Proslov Ivana i srce Mateja (Ivan 1,1-18 i Matej 12,46-13,58): Kaže li Isus sinoptičkih evanđelja stvarno išta različito od onoga u Ivanovu Proslovu?

Author(s): Olivier-Thomas Venard / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 38-39/2009

U svojoj knjizi Isus iz Nazareta Joseph Ratzinger kaže: “Potresni Proslov Ivanova evanđelja – ‘U početku bijaše Riječ, i Riječ bijaše kod Boga, i Riječ bijaše Bog’ (Ivan 1,1) – ne kaže ništa različito od onog što […] kaže Isus sinoptičkih evanđelja.”1 Taj papin iskaz pokreće tri teška pitanja: Prvo, je li ispravno uspoređivati dva teksta s tako različitim iskaznim sastavima kakvi su Proslov i Govor na Gori? Prvo je govor koji čitatelju upućuje evanđelist (a možda i njegova zajednica (Ivan 1,16). On daje niz jasnih teoloških iskaza o Isusu, Riječi, Bogu i svijetu. Drugo je govor koji je izrekao Isus u tradicijskom pričanju koje obuhvaća zapamćenje njegovog života i njegovog učenja.

SPRAWOZDANIE Z PRZEBIEGU SYMPOZJUM „BIBLIA A WSPÓŁCZESNE PROBLEMY RODZINY”

Author(s): Marek Dzik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2016

LORENZO GASPARRO, “SIMBOLO E NARRAZIONE IN MARCO. LA DIMENSIONE SIMBOLICA DEL SECONDO VANGELO ALLA LUCE DELLA PERICOPE DEL FICO DI MC 11,12-25” (Analecta biblica 198; Roma: Gregorian & Biblical Press 2012). Ss. 682. EUR 49. ISBN 978-88-7653-198-9

Author(s): Adam Kubiś / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2016

Interpretacija Biblije u Crkvi

Author(s): Anto Popović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/1994

Najnoviji dokument Biblijske komisije izdan je u povodu pedesete obljetnice enciklike pape Pija X I I . Divino afflante Špiritu (3 0 . rujan 19 4 3 .) i stote obljetnice enciklike pape L eon a X I I I . Providentissimus Dem (1 8 . Studeni 1 893.) /Commission Biblique Pontificale, L’interpretation de la Bible dans l’Eglise. Allocution de Sa Saintete le Pape Jean-Paul II et document de la Commission Biblique Pontificale. (Libreria Editrice Vaticana — Roma, 1993) 1—123./.

Stylizacja biblijna w „Anhellim” Juliusza Słowackiego

Author(s): Magdalena Olszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/1998

Cytując za „Słownikiem Terminów Literackich” pod red. Janusza Sławińskiego, stylizacja to celowe wprowadzanie do wypowiedzi realizującej określony styl pewnych istotnych właściwości innego stylu, który stawał się wzorcem stylizacyjnym. Celem tego typu odwołań do innych utworów lub gatunków literackich było nie tyle naśladowanie czyjegoś stylu, co utworzenie nowej wartości artystycznej.

Uczuciowość odzwierciedlona w Biblii. Kilka przykładów

Author(s): Stanisław Hałas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

The paper demonstrates an emotional aspect of biblical communication on some examples.Firstly, it is rich emotional vocabulary depicting goodness of God as well as Christian attitude.It contains terms describing love, mercy and grace. It also includes comparisons to married, bridaland parental love, especially paternal love. It is seen in frequent calling God Father. The authorsuggests that this aspect should be more visible in Bible trans lations into modern languages.

Spektrum światła i barw w obrazie Boga w Apokalipsie św. Jana. Przesłanie teologiczne

Author(s): Joanna Nowińska SM / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

Recent biblical research focuses on the elements which are important in the description of God in the Old and New Testament, such as sound and visual design. The last one is originally developed inthe Book of Revelation. God is presented there as shining and as the source of light for New Jerusalem;he is compared to a jasper and a sardine stone. The structure of the text stresses the role of colour andbrightness as most important in describing His identity. In this way God is presented as perceptible, butnot attainable, transcendent and full of life and affirmation for the world and creatures. A mystery ofsuch descriptions implies joy in their recipients, assures of God acceptance of diversity and also allowsus to open to hope and to experience God in beauty of the world.