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Промысел пернатой дичи русским населением Тарского Прииртышья в XVII—XIX вв.: письменные и археологические источники

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Промысел пернатой дичи русским населением Тарского Прииртышья в XVII—XIX вв.: письменные и археологические источники

Author(s): Larisa V. Tataurova,Aleksey E. Nekrasov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2021

Bird hunting as a type of economic activity of the Russian population in the 17th—18th centuries is analyzed on the basis of archeozoological collections and complexes from the cultural layers of rural sites. The composition and ratio of different types of commercial birds, methods of passive and active hunting are determined. The results obtained are compared with written sources of the 19 th century and archaeological materials from other regions. As part of the inventory of archaeological sites, in addition to the bow and arrowheads, a set of clay balls of different sizes and weights was identified, which were used as projectiles for slingshot in hunting flocking birds.

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Kitap Eleştirisi: Serkut KILINÇ, Orta Asya’da Çevre Sorunları

Author(s): Taner Karakuzu,İlker Limon / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 23/2021

Review of: İlker LİMON, Taner KARAKUZU - Serkut KILINÇ, Orta Asya’da Çevre Sorunları, (ed. Fahri Türk) Astana Yayınları, Ankara, 2021, ISBN:978-625-7624-36-7

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Črni bor kot črna kuga: odnos lokalnega prebivalstva do pogozdovanja s črnim borom na Krasu v 19. in 20. stoletju

Author(s): Meta Remec / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2021

The contribution focuses on the attitudes of the local population towards the aforestation with black pine and the creation of large-scale non-native monoculture plantations in the Slovenian Karst. The process, which started at the initiative of the forestry profession and the authorities, provoked considerable opposition fom landowners and users of common land who did not want forests there, as they saw them as contrary to their economic interests and established practices. As long as aforestation took place on municipal land, the population still supported it, in principle. However, the encroachment on private land provoked resistance. The locals increasingly resisted the hard labour as well as deliberately destroyed the plantations. Afer World War II, however, the authorities expected a change in this atitude, as reforestation was ascribed with an extremely strong ideological component. The reforestation of the Karst was supposed to become a symbol of the struggle for a beter future, a proof of the power and will of the new society, capable of reversing the consequences of centuries of foreign exploitation in just a few years. Eventually, black pine indeed became an integral part of the landscape and identity of the local population. However, the excitement among the people quickly subsided, as black pine failed to deliver the promised returns and benefts. For the landowners, reforestation, which was considered a success story by forestry experts, represented a disaster and a reason for economic ruin, while accelerated overgrowth mainly took place due to the rapid industrialisation and abandonment of agricultural land.

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Environmental Law In Urban Climate

Author(s): Mihaela Aghenitei,Jafar Samdani / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

According to the report of the Brundtland Commission (1987), the true universal balance of environmental policies, there was a clear need to combine development with environmental protection, a precondition of the concept of sustainable development and the new principle of "sustainable development". This principle was also proclaimed within the "Rio Declaration" (point 3), a declaration signed by most of the states of the world, including Romania and Kuwait, at the UN Conference for Environmental Protection and Development of June 1992. In accordance with the principle 3 of the Declaration regarding the environment and development, "the right to development must be realized so as to equitably meet the needs regarding the development and the environment of present and future generations".

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Jak zbudować nielegalny wał przeciwpowodziowy? Kilka refleksji na temat samoorganizacji i oddolnych inicjatyw w lokalnych społecznościach

Author(s): Amanda Krzyworzeka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

This article is devoted to reflections on self-organization and grassroots initiatives undertaken in local communities. Based on the results of long-term ethnographic research conducted at a holiday resort in Mazovia, it analyses the process through which the local community constructed illegal floodbanks. The author shows the social and cultural context of the described phenomenon, referring, for example, to the peasant tradition of cooperation and mutual aid, to the category of ‘acquaintance’, and the practice of uniting in resistance against the authorities. By focusing attention on the local character of both the initiative and its execution, the author highlights the different functioning of rural and metropolitan communities, and the different nature of their grass-roots initiatives.

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İklim Değişikliği Kaygı Ölçeği: Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Author(s): Serpil Özbay,Bülent Alcı / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2021

The aim of this research is to adapt the Climate Change Worry Scale developed by Alan Stewart (2021) into Turkish. The original language of the one-dimensional scale is English. Three field experts translated the scale into Turkish for the linguistic equivalence study. The scale, which was translated into Turkish, was examined by a commission of experts and turned into a common Turkish form. The prepared Turkish form was sent to three different experts from the field of English Language and Literature, and the experts were provided to translate the form back into English. The English form, which was created by consensus, was sent to an expert whose mother tongue was English and knew Turkish very well, and he was asked to examine the form. In order to make the linguistic equivalence of the scale, the Turkish form and the English form, which were finalized, were administered to 63 university students with an interval of 15 days. The Turkish form with linguistic equivalence was applied to a different study group, 308 university students. Then, within the scope of validity and reliability studies, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed. According to the results of the factor analysis, it was revealed that the scale adapted to Turkish is a valid one-dimensional scale. The reliability of the scale was calculated with the Cronbach Alpha coefficient and the result was 0.98. Along with the adaptation studies, it has been revealed that the Climate Change Anxiety Scale is a valid and reliable scale to measure the climate change anxiety of university students in Turkey.

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Soylent Green: Kara Bir Film, Kapkara Bir Gelecek

Author(s): Erkin Onat Sol,Ayhan Sol / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Sp. Iss./2021

In order to prevent a third war, western countries pursued a state-sponsored economic development model leading to consumerism and population growth in the 1960s. A number of scientists argued that there would be a global catastrophe due to population explosion. In these days, while daily news about population growth in the media was ordinary, Hollywood, always with an eye on the society, produced only Soylent Green. Although the movie made conservative choices, it created a tragic eco-hero in a story told against a dystopian future. We examine the effects of the time when the movie was produced on the movie. The scientific era was dominated by the conviction in the link between population explosion and birth control and the book on which the movie is based also emphasizes birth control; however, conservatives who were against birth control led the producers to tell the story around a conspiracy about food produced from people. We also examine effects of the movie on audience. We believe this conspiracy intensified the effect of the movie on audience. Furthermore, producers filled the gap produced by ignoring birth control with environmental issues. Thus, the dystopian story of the movie could mentally time-travel audience to have catharsis at the end leading to an environmental enlightenment. We believe the audience can comprehend the problems of their own time, once they are environmentally enlightened and equipped with a future-to-past perspective. We also believe movies in general and dystopian ones in particular are excellent instruments to persuade people about environmental issues.

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Doğaya Dönüş Temasının Ekolojik Karşılıkları: Koca Dünya (2016) Ve Yuva (2018) Filmleriyle İnsan-Doğa İlişkisi Üzerine Düşünmek

Author(s): Zehra Cerrahoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Sp. Iss./2021

‘Back to nature’ is a common theme that can be seen in popular and independent films in many countries, in various sub-genres and approaches. It is possible to make a long list of films addressing issues such as human struggle with nature, negotiation, the process of orientation, escape from society and isolation, learning from nature, and finding oneself in ‘back to nature’ narratives. There are two films in contemporary Turkish cinema, Koca Dünya (Big Big World, Reha Erdem, 2016) and Yuva (Home, Emre Yeksan, 2018), which draw attention to this theme in particular ways. Koca Dünya tells the story of Ali and Zuhal, who escape from the trouble they got into and take shelter in the forest. Yuva is based on Veysel’s forced expulsion from the forest, who chose to live there alone. Two films have almost organic connections while they construct completely different universes. The ‘back to nature’ theme in the films is a rich and layered transformation with a rich intellectual background, through which ecological sensitivities can be detected, open to inferences about nature, humans, and ecology. These films make their protagonists return to their most ancient relationships with nature, and relate them with the idea of a nature that they can be one by turning into a branch of a tree or blending with the earth in the forest. Both in Koca Dünya and Yuva nature is not positioned in ‘anthropocentric’ ways in the stories they tell, and thus they are films that overlap with ‘ecocinema’ perspectives. The article will examine how an ecological perspective on the relationship between nature and human beings is produced with cinematic methods and tools and discuss how ‘ecocentric’ views are constructed within the framework of ‘ecocinema’ discussions.

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Filozoficzne aspekty teorii duchowości ekologicznej papieża Franciszka w świetle filozofii tomistycznej

Author(s): Kazimierz Mikucki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

This article is an attempt to isolate and describe the philosophical aspects of Pope Francis’s theory of ecological spirituality and compare them with Thomistic thought, as developed by Polish philosophers in modern times. This is something philosophers have already noticed, because this type of spirituality is about man’s relationship with the most generally understood reality, i.e. himself, nature, culture and religion. Our examination of both positions will reveal numerous analogies as well as some differences in their understanding of nature, the human person, culture (ethics) and religion, which at least partly can be explained by the ambiguity of some papal formulations.

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Environmental Public Interest Litigation: A Legal Perspective to Environmental Litigation in China

Author(s): Nakundi Gorette Ndonde,Mingjie Bei / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2021

Environmental damage has become one of the most significant issues encountered by Chinese society today. The Public interest litigation system is a promising opportunity for the right access to justice in environmental litigation in China. The country has made some positive significant progress for the right access to justice in environmental matters through the current system; the system consists of civil environmental public interest litigation and administrative environmental public interest litigation. Inherent to the basic principles of human rights, there are more challenges face by the system on the right to access to justice in China. The procuratorates have standing in both, civil and administrative, whereas environmental protection social organizations, who are permitted to undertake civil cases, are in practice marginalized. Individuals, on the other hand, do not have standing in the either civil or administrative environmental public interest. This article is done to analyze the present challenges that China faces to protect and improve the right of the plaintiff in environmental litigation; analyzing and improving laws, regulations and policies; also enforcing the right to access to justice, as laws and regulations play a key role in innovation processes. Some possible suggestions on how to better establish a legal aid system and rapid of the public interest litigation system, which, so far, has almost systematically led to court decisions favorable to the indirect participation of individuals as the plaintiff. Therefore, it is important to see how the public participation mechanism impacts in practice their behaviors. Compared to individuals’ indirect participation, environmental and social organizations’ participation helps balance state power and social rights. Creating a legal framework in which innovations can develop and unfold.

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‘They Carried the Land Itself:’ Eco-Being, Eco-Trauma, and Eco-Recovery in Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried

Author(s): James M. Cochran / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

This essay calls for a wider use of Tina Amorok’s (2007) concepts of eco-Being, eco-trauma of Being, and eco-recovery of Being in ecocritical literary studies. I propose the adoption of Amorok’s concepts as a literary hermeneutic because it provides a theoretical model that positions ecological damage as central to wartime trauma. To demonstrate the effectiveness of Amorok’s framework, the following essay reads Tim O’Brien’s 1990 novel The Things They Carried alongside Amorok’s eco-Being, eco-trauma, and eco-recovery. Reading O’Brien’s text through Amorok’s model is particularly intriguing and noteworthy because almost no critics investigate the ecocritical dimensions of O’Brien’s novel. Yet, despite the absence of green scholarship surrounding O’Brien’s novel, Amorok’s framework, as I will show, draws attention to the environmental costs of war as depicted in O’Brien’s novel. Applying Amorok’s model as an ecocritical lens to The Things They Carried demonstrates how we can use Amorok’s tripartite structure to further unpack the ecological dimensions of fiction that seemingly have little to do with the environment.

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Cтановлення та розвиток Українського гобелену в дизайні середовища

Author(s): Anastasiіa Vitalievna Varyvonchyk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2021

The purpose of the article is to highlight the provisions and track the historical evolution of a special Ukrainian art craft, known as the art of tapestry in environmental design. The research methods are based on art history analysis, the principles of historicism, scientific consistency, and objectivity in the study of Ukrainian tapestry. Scientific novelty. The historical origins of tapestry art are revealed, the issue of introducing innovative techniques for making tapestry is raised, which influenced the modern design of the environment of the XXI century. Based on the results of the study, we can conclude that the art of tapestry follows the traditions of folk carpet weaving. In modern conditions, the tapestry is able to actively fill the ethnocultural environment, in rare cases, it is a monumental decorative art. From aristocratic and elite art, it becomes more democratic, decorating the interiors of the premises of the XXI century.

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WPŁYW BEZPOŚREDNICH INWESTYCJI ZAGRANICZNYCH, WZROSTU GOSPODARCZEGO I ZUŻYCIA ENERGII NA EMISJĘ DWUTLENKU WĘGLA – PRZYKŁAD WYBRANYCH KRAJÓW GRUPY WYSZEHRADZKIEJ

Author(s): Robert Matusiak,Marta Paduszyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 121/2021

Background: The article is part of a larger research into the impact of macroeconomic variables on the environment. It is a topic often discussed in the literature, but there are no clear conclusions about the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth, or energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and thus on environmental pollution. The results of the study provide new arguments in relation to the countries of the Visegrad group. Research purpose: The authors aimed to examine the impact of FDI, economic growth, and energy consumption on carbon dioxide emissions in three selected Visegrad Group (i.e., Poland, the Czech Republic, and Hungary). Methods: The article uses a panel quantile regression model that takes into account unobserved individual heterogeneity. Based on different quantile points, it takes full advantage of the sample data for regression analysis. This approach captures unobservable fixed effects as parameters to be estimated together with covariate effects for different quantiles. Conclusions: The empirical results did not confirm the applicability of the “pollution paradise” or “pollution halo” hypotheses in relation to the studied countries. Therefore, it is not possible to conclude that developed countries transferring capital (i.e., FDI) to the countries analyzed in this analysis significantly contribute to high pollution in these countries, making them “pollution havens” (considering the period under consideration research). Nor was it confirmed that foreign companies apply better management practices and advanced technologies that favour a clean environment in the host country. In addition, the study found that energy consumption increases carbon dioxide emissions, with the strongest effects occurring at higher quantiles. Hence the conclusion that high carbon dioxide emissions in these countries are the result of the existing structure of energy production and consumption according to the criterion of energy carriers or production methods. This may indicate that policymakers in these countries should strengthen the relevant environmental legislation in this regard.

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Monster Comics, Wetlands, and the Weird. Steve Gerber’s Man-thing and Alan Moore’s Swamp Thing

Author(s): Chris WILHELM / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This paper examines how comic books set in wetlands have used weird tropes to explore environmental ideas. The essential wetness of landscapes made these places hostile to humans. Hence, these ecosystems were often seen in a negative light or as places that were supernatural and alien. Swamp monsters, like Marvel’s Man-Thing and DC’s Swamp Thing were used by comic creators to promote ecological themes. These characters were steeped in weird tropes as well. Just as these wetlands were both water and land, these monsters were both human and inhuman. Marvel’s Man-Thing came to embody the divide between both water and land and this world and other strange dimensions. DC’s Swamp-Thing was used by Alan Moore to show how the weird is connected to the human nature divide.

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Buddhism and Urbanism in Post-Soviet Buryatia

Author(s): Bato Dondukov,Oyuna DORZHIGUSHAEVA,Galina Dondukova / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2021

With the collapse of the Soviet Union the traditionally Buddhist regions of Russia, including the Republic of Buryatia, experienced the revival of religion. Along with the traditional Gelug school of Mahayana Buddhism existing on the territories around Lake Baikal for more than three hundred years, the globalized model of Buddhism started to spread quickly in Buryatia in the 1990s. Tibetan Buddhist teachers started to establish new Buddhist organizations in Buryatia and thus to transform the urban landscape of Ulan-Ude, the capital of the republic. The article traces how global and local Buddhist organizations become represented in the urban landscape of Ulan-Ude and considers the anti-urban position of Khambo Lama Damba Ayusheev.

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Lamentacja dla przyrody – (bez)nadzieja „Ziemskiego lamentu”?

Author(s): Hanna Łopuszyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2021

Founded in 2019, the “Ziemski Lament” [Earthly Lament] initiative revitalizes and recontextualizes the folk rite of singing lamentations and dirges which come from traditional rural culture. The group, which I describe using the category of communitas, performs songs taken from Śpiewnik Pelpliński, an extensive 19-century collection of religious songs. This type of communal expression is used to work through negative emotions caused by the consequences of the climate disaster and of exploitation of non-human nature. It is also an instrument of criticism of the strategies responsible for these phenomena. This article takes the study of the lamentation’s essential features and ways of circulation as the point of departure for a reflection on the functionality of this form of ecological protest.

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Rational And Emotional Attitude of The Czech Consumers towards Sustainable Retailers

Author(s): Hana Volfová,Eva Jaderná,Vasilii Ostin / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Sustainability has become a new prevailing norm in today’s society. From one perspective, current customers are forced to address ecological problems by supporting different sustainable principles and processes. From another point of view, contemporary retailers are trying to achieve sustainable goals, which have been accomplished by governments and end consumers. The main aim of this research paper will be to explore rational and emotional attitudes of the Czech consumers towards sustainable organisations. In addition, it will be necessary to understand how consumer attitudes are reflected in retailers’ processes. Both the theoretical and practical sections will cover certain aspects related to the end consumers and their position toward sustainable activities of current retailers. Based on the research data, the dependency of those variables will be analysed and identified. The research paper highlights explorative questions that should support current businesses by implementing new communication campaigns, channels and techniques. Moreover, it will be necessary to explore rational arguments, related to sustainable consumer behaviour in order to identify the stance of current society towards ecology and sustainable retailers.

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Association of Knowledge Management with Strategic Management: Directions and Trends at International Level

Author(s): Daniel Rusu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

In order to facilitate innovation in organizational settings, increase creativity and productivity, and optimize performance, a key lever is knowledge management. The modern multidisciplinary process responsible for exploiting the information and knowledge of a particular organization to achieve organizational goals eloquently defines knowledge management. In the field of strategic management, a very useful tool that provides information and knowledge of great value and that requires strategic planning proves to be represented by the individual and special nature manifested by knowledge management. The main objective of this study is to investigate the interdependence between knowledge management and strategic management. The main goal of strategic management is to equip the company team with the new technological and technical realities, to the operational conditions imposed by the market, to avoid the threats produced by uncontrolled factors, and to be able to benefit from the opportunities generated by profit. Highlighting from the contemporary business literature the main perspectives of strategic management as well as their mixing with the current perspectives in knowledge management, is the indication of the evolution of research in the field of strategic knowledge management. The association of the responsible capacities of knowledge in order to justify the constitution of the strategic aspects represents the main direction on which the article focuses.

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New researches about vertebrates from Bihor county (Romania) during 2021

Author(s): Aurelian Leonardo Ilie,Mariana Marinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

In this paper there were presented data about the fauna of vertebrates from Bihor county (Romania) during 2021. There were recorded 155 species belonging to five clases and 27 orders. There were obtained ecological data of these species, few known in the scientific literature.

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Raising the Quality of Life Through the Therapeutic Urban and Architectural Landscape

Author(s): Cerasella Craciun,Alexandra-Mara Nicolaescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Resilient Planning of the Therapeutic Landscape, involves the integrated balance between natural and anthropogenic elements. Emphasis is placed on the spatial aesthetic and functionality, through the relationship between social, economic and cultural elements. Taking into account the pressures of modern society and the poor degree of adaptability to the social environment, the Therapeutic Landscape development responds to these needs, intending to improve the quality of life, of the physical and mental health. Starting from the history of the restorative gardens, the typologies of “healing” green spaces, definitions of scientific terms and ideas in the field of urban development, the Resilient Landscape and the Therapeutic Landscape, it is desired to establish some basic principles for a coherent evolution of the specific integrated spaces in the urban tissue. All of these being relevant for improving and raising the quality of community life, as well as for the urban metabolism of contemporary cities, with an effect on urban pathology and public health. The article aims to achieve a scientific approach of the impact that Therapeutic Landscape and curative green spaces have on the macro, mezzo or detail level, on the urban-territorial environment, urban pathology, community health and on life in general.

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