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Gospodarka Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w warunkach reform systemowych

Author(s): Dariusz Wojnarski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2008

The year 1978 initiated a new stage in the economic development of China. The communist country leaders decided that there were reasonable grounds for the development of the market system and a wider co-operation with the capitalist countries, which would include the facilitated import of the goods from abroad – the essential factor in modernization. The 90s witnessed progressive reforms in the system, as well as the entry into the international economic structures, e.g. The World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and later World Trade Organization (2001). Those changes resulted in the departure from the patronizing customs policy, limitations of subsidies, and the privatization of national enterprises. The undertaken reforms accelerated the economic growth, since then fueled by export and subsequent foreign capital stock investments.

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Internacjonalizacja działalności badawczorozwojowej (B+R) przedsiębiorstw high-tech. Wyniki badań empirycznych

Author(s): Nelly Daszkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10.2/2016

Initially, ie. in the 1980s, the internationalization of research and development (R&D) concerned primarily transnational corporations from high-tech industries, operating in small markets, where the resources of R&D were small. A decade later, under the pressure of growing competition and increasing technological sophistication of products, a growing number of enterprises started to intensify internationalization of R&D. Internationalization of R&D is an opportunity to develop the technological capacity of enterprise through access to knowledge, diversification and the complementary enlarging the scope of its technology. As a result, internationalization of R&D improves competitiveness of enterprises in global markets. The main objective of the article is to present the role of R&D internationalization in the process of internationalization of enterprises. The article includes the literature review as well as the results of a survey conducted among 263 high-tech production firms from Poland. It must be underlined that the key distinguishing feature of high-tech enterprise from traditional one (low-tech) is the amount of expenditure on research and development (R&D). In the summary of the article, the future directions of research are pointed out.

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Sustainable Development Strategy and the Effectiveness of its implementation in the European Union

Author(s): Agnieszka Głodowska / Language(s): English Issue: 10.2/2016

The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in the European Union and the comparison of its level in individual countries. In addition, the work is an example of the taxonomic measure used as an indicator of sustainable development. The period of analysis is between 2004 and 2014. The methodology used in the work is the analysis and synthesis of the literature, the EU documentation and statistical and taxonomic quantitative methods. The scrutiny shows that the level of sustainable development is very diverse in the EU countries. Member countries to a greater or lesser extent pursue the policy goals, but there is a lack of integrated approach and convergence in this area. The reason for this may be too large structural diversity of the Member States, and thus the discrepancy of development priorities.

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Aktywność inwestycyjna przedsiębiorstw sektora MSP w Polsce w latach 2009-2013

Author(s): Dorota Starzyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10.2/2016

The aim of the article is to analyze the enterprises with foreign capital share from the SME sector and their impact on the development of the sector. The empirical analysis of the influence of foreign investors to the Polish SME sector was based on selected economic indicators: number of enterprises, number of employees, the investment intensity, the value of capital expenditures for the purchase of fixed assets per one company. In the article the published data coming from Central Statistical Office characterizing the national enterprises and entities with foreign capital operating in the SME sector from the years 2009-2013 are used. The analysis confirms significant role of entities with foreign capital operating in the SME sector. An author draws the attention to the micro enterprises, which investment intensity achieved more than 25%. SME sector is the important player in the labor market and in the area of investment activity.

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Motywowanie pracowników z perspektywy kariery zawodowej

Author(s): Beata Wewiór / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11.2/2016

Motivating employees contributes to the development of their careers. An appropriate process of motivation probably encourages employees to develop their own career. Motivated employees want to achieve a success and prosperity in life. That is why they are more willing to “make a career”. Such motivating means affecting the employees to behave in the manner expected by the employer. Motivating means influence by means of tangible and intangible incentives. The motivation of employees is affected by the prospect of professional development, the possibility of advancement, salary, appreciation by the superior and friendly atmosphere at work. Motivation can be divided into internal and external, and positive and negative.

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Handel detaliczny jako determinanta rozwoju e-sklepów

Author(s): Kazimierz Cyran,Sławomir Dybka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11.2/2016

The dynamic changes in the retail enterprises could be observed during last years. We can see the influences of many factors. Growing share of e-shops is the one of the factors characterizing these changes. The development of e-commerce, beyond the unquestionable consumer benefits is also associated with threats for classic retail enterprises. Meanwhile, the authors assume the thesis that classic retail largely determines the development of e-stores, which is related to expectations and customer habits. Therefore the existence of the classic retail acting for e-commerce will create the possibility to distinguish the offer of e-stores.

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Wykorzystanie innowacyjnych technologii RFID w handlu

Author(s): Rafał Mazur / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11.2/2016

In this article author shows the need of permanent implementation of innovative solutions in the services area, therein trade. Research shows that inter alia in Poland in the nearest future, because of decreasing amount of professionally active people, there will be a need to implement the innovative technologies, that will be connected with better service of the clients and fastest access to the information. RFID technology gives such possibility. Author gives some examples of the use of the technology based on RFID, that will increase the trade companies function effectiveness, as well as bring bigger satisfaction of the clients.

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Portale aukcyjne jako miejsce gry kooperacyjnej

Author(s): Maciej Wysocki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11.3/2016

Progress in tooling and information technology is a significant contributor to the potential for global logistics development, thus stimulating the development of alternative chain planning solutions – corporate networks of business relationships. One example that can be used to describe this trend is the development of trade based on auction platforms such as eBay.com or Allegro.pl. The Internet auctions facilitate relationships and create a business model based on relationships of co-operation and competition. Auction portals as a locus of game is a multidimensional problem that needs to be addressed at different and a very detailed level of analysis. Important factors to assess the strength and scope of the cooperative game relationship may be: the number of market players, their stock and price position relative to the analyzed enterprises, and the use of IT tools and technologies.

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Bombardier Operations System (BOS) – system ciągłego doskonalenia i podnoszenia efektywności przedsiębiorstwa

Author(s): Joanna Buczek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12.2/2016

Offering high quality products and services is closely related to the activities and operations of each company. The efficiency of processes and forms management defines and classifies organizations. Implementation of appropriate methods and tools let you increase the competitiveness of the enterprise and faster response to customer needs. The article presents the individual operational management system and presents the results of the audit.

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Innowacyjne rozwiązania w logistyce transportu

Author(s): Sabina Kauf / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12.1/2016

The article discusses the main issues of innovative solutions for transportation, which affect the maximization of companies’ profits. The article pointed out the multitude of technological advances that due to its scope will cover all modes of transport. The author tried to show the most interesting, sometimes even futuristic solutions, which today’s realization is impossible, but in the near future they might contribute to revolutionization of the transportation market.

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3D Modeling in Management Processes of New Products Production Preparation

Author(s): Józef Matuszek,Tomasz Seneta / Language(s): English Issue: 12.1/2016

The paper defines the concept of 3D modeling. It includes the characteristics of the production processes preparation in condition of mass production, trends in the methods for process design development of new products in large industrial corporations as well as their implementation in individual enterprises. It presents modern methods of logistic processes modeling and simulation as well as the examples of production activities design including visualization. Finally, the thesis determines the possibilities of given course of proceedings in the application of production practice.

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Czy firmy rodzinne są mniej innowacyjne? Mity, fakty i mechanizmy

Author(s): Aleksander Surdej / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6.2/2016

This article analyzes the factors, which according to broadly diffused opinions make family firms less innovative than non-family firms. By proposing a more selective typologization of family firms and differentiating them in the context of variety of innovation forms and modes, the author questions the myths pointing to the lack of conclusive reasons to negate the capacity of family firms to innovate and stay sustainable. A way out of too easy overgeneralization is to design theoretically founded pro- and anti-innovative mechanisms that might characterize different types of family firms.

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Kompleksowy system doradztwa jako czynnik ograniczający ryzyko prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej firm sektora MSP

Author(s): Jarosław Ropęga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6.1/2016

Consulting for the SME sector is a permanent element of the discussion about the support policy, carried out both on a commercial and non-commercial forms. It is now recognized that counseling reduces the risk associated with the start-up and operation of companies, including periods of deterioration of their situation or in the process restarts. As follows from the considerations presented in the article, advisory services are in practice often used in the process of planning and running a business. This is confirmed by both existing programs (addressed for the future) and existing entrepreneurs. It should be noted, however, that there are still no comprehensive, easy accessible and updated support tools for counseling. Short-term international programs, in the field of consultancy, provide such an information. Unfortunately, after its completion, it is difficult to continue advisory programs, teams forming them are engaged in planning and execution of new projects. Therefore, what is needed is a permanent and comprehensive counseling, allowing not only to reduce the risk of economic failure, but also for better planning of new companies, which in the future will be more prepared for the processes of growth and development.

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Wpływ bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych na rozwój sektora MSP w Polsce w latach 2009–2013

Author(s): Dorota Starzyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6.1/2016

The aim of the article is to analyze the enterprises with foreign capital share from the SME sector and their impact on its development. The empirical analysis of the influence of foreign investors on the Polish SME sector were based on selected economic indicators: number of enterprises, number of employees, the investment intensity, the value of capital expenditures for the purchase of fixed assets per one company. The article is based on the published data, coming from Central Statistical Office characterizing the national enterprises and entities with foreign capital, operating in the SME sector from the years 2009-2013.

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Europa mai aproape de tine

Author(s): Narcis Jitaru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2012

With the integration into the European Union in our country there have been established several specialized centers on communication and information for different groups of people and institutions. I will now report some of these European centers’ active role in public debates and public activities. The “Europe Direct” European Information Centers have a pro‑active role in stimulating public debate and dialogue. They are hosted by various NGOs, municipalities, county councils, universities and municipal libraries. Among the 30 Europe Direct centers in Romania are: Europe Direct Bacau, the host structure Alecsandri University of Bacau, Europe Direct Comanesti host structure Comanesti City Hall. The “Europe Direct” network is coordinated by the European Commission Representation in Romania by Ioana Marchis – communication advisor. Other European information centers: the European Documentation Centre (EDC) study and research promoting and enhancing European integration. CDE is working in Universities and research institutes and make available to students and professionals comprehensive information on legislation, policies and institutions of the European Union; the Cultural Contact Point (CCP) is an office to promote the Culture Programme (2007–2013) in Romania; Enterprise Europe Network helps SMEs to develop their innovative potential and to raise their awareness on Commission policies; EURES provides information, advice and services recruitment /placement (finding candidate / job right) in benefit workers and employers, as well as any citizen wishing to benefit from the free movement of persons; EURODESK responses to requests from young people about EU funding opportunities, as well as those related to mobility; SOLVIT is a network solution problems, in which EU Member States work together to solve without using legal procedures, problems occurred due to improper application of Internal Market law by public authorities.

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TERRITORIAL ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT - AUTONOMOUS ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE

Author(s): Emilia Vasile,Ion Croitoru / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The territorial administrative units are complex entities, with diversified organizational structures, within which a set of activities is developed for the elaboration and application of normative acts, methodological norms, regulations and programs, in order to meet the needs, needs and requirements of the local community within which act. The territorial administrative units have legal personality and comprise in their structure deliberative and executive authorities. Their main feature is that they work according to the principle of decentralization, which implies autonomy and the limited transfer of decision- making power from central to local level. Local autonomy gives territorial administrative units the right, within the limits set, to have initiatives in all areas concerning the respective local community. The territorial administrative units have their own budgets and have their own patrimony in which the goods belonging to the public and private domain of the county, the municipality, the city or the commune are included. They organize, operate and manage the financial resources and public or private property assets of communes, cities and municipalities, based on the principles of local autonomy, decentralization of public services, eligibility, legality and consultation of citizens in solving local problems of community interest.

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THE CHANGING NATURE OF WORK. BRIEF AUDIT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Radu Gheorghe / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The new picture of a person’s life in the digital age assumes another philosophy of life, which practically cancels an important sequence with which we were accustomed: the educational cycle, the work cycle and the retirement cycle. The fact that the evolution of the technology will have a major impact on the way there we work and live has become a reality that we cannot longer ignore. More and more studies have lately analyzed the impact that technology will have on jobs in the near future. It is estimated that many of the skills sets associated with the future jobs will contain elements that are not considered “basic” today. There are analyzes that show that more than half of the children who begin their high school education today will have jobs that not currently exist. In these circumstances non-cognitive skills could to help individuals “to adapt better changing work and life environment”. It is clear that the future of human resources is a digital one. Which means that the labor market is within a fundamental change. The lack of skills for digital jobs will be a major impediment to the development of many companies in the future. Romania is currently in the top of the countries with the biggest discrepancy between the need for staff and the capacity to fill the vacant positions. Looking from this perspective how prepared is it? Does it have a strategy for the future concerning the development and training of the key personnel to cover the lack of skills from present?

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FRAGMENTATION OF TRUST. ECONOMIC GROWTH, SOCIAL INEQUALITY AND THE NEW INTERFACE OF THE INDIVIDUAL FEARS

Author(s): Radu Gheorghe / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

According to the Edelman Trust Barometer 2020, beyond the presence of a strong global economy and a very low level of unemployment, people not longer trust institutions. In their opinion, even in the current favorable living circumstances, they see the future more uncertain than ever. In their vision, a first step would be that the trust in institutions, now undermined by the proliferation of inequity and inequality, to be “granted” only on the basis of “two criteria”: competence (the institution has “the ability to deliver on promises”) and ethical behavior (the institution “acts correctly and contributes to change for the better of society”). The people phylosophy is a new one: they have interests not only in the application of technical knowledge (what you do), but especially in the ethical meaning of behavior in the social actions (how you do). Moreover, the people is increasingly interested in slowing down and in stopping the vehicle of social polarization and then in forcing the start of debates centered on social inequality. (Edelman Trust Barometer, 2020)

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Medicine of the Future: The Power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data in Healthcare

Author(s): Julia M. Puaschunder,Josef Mantl,Bernd Plank / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics and Big Data revolutionized the world. Digitalization opened unprecedented opportunities and potentials in healthcare. No other scientific field grants as much hope in the determination of life and death and fastest-pace innovation potential with economically highest profit margin prospects as does medical care. The currently ongoing digital disruption enabled big data-driven tailored personal medical care. Efficiency, precision and better quality work are beneficial advancements of AI and big data in the healthcare sector. Decentralized preventive healthcare and telemedicine open access to personalized, affordable healthcare. The currently ongoing COVID-19 crisis draws attention to international differences in healthcare. The article presents digitalization in the healthcare sector in North America and Europe in order to derive inferences on opportunities to establish a leadership in digitalized, tailored healthcare solutions for individual well-being and public care.

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A KNIFE TO A GUNFIGHT: ENDOGENOUS DEVELOPMENT THROUGH LEADER AS CONTRADICTORY POLICY PRESCRIPTION

Author(s): George Iulian Zamfir / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

By now a preferred EU instrument aimed at stirring rural development, LEADER initially constituted an alleged departure from the top-down productivist agenda of the CAP towards locally-led development. The exogenous-endogenous explanatory model legitimized the adoption of economistic assumptions into EU rural development policy. As the CAP policy genealogy conveys, agricultural policies occurred at the intersection of internal and external factors, whereas the endogenous framework evicts structural explanations for territorial marginalization. A case study from North-western Romania provides details on the implementation of the endogenous agenda from the perspective of public actors. Rather than inducing an alleged alternative development model, LEADER acts as adjuvant to other policies and, overall, as a pedagogical exercise in uneven development.

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