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Profesionalizacija socialnega dela v sloveniji: med entuziazmom žensk in zahtevami oblasti

Author(s): Darja Zaviršek / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 101/2022

The article is a detailed reconstruction of early social work education in Sloveniain the 1950s. It marks the beginnings of the professionalisation of social workin the context of state socialism. On one hand, the government viewed social work with unease while, on the other, Yugoslavia was the only country of the former “socialist bloc“ to introduce comprehensive social work education in all its republics. Based on archival research, a thematic analysis of written sources on social welfare from the 1950s, and oral narratives of professionals, the article describes the impact of social work education in Croatia on the school in Slovenia, analyses the main actors in the field of social welfare, and addresses the social welfare issues being discussed in the early period.

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Socialna politika in socialne dejavnosti v sloveniji v prvih letih po drugi svetovni vojni

Author(s): Mateja Jeraj / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 101/2022

The paper is based on archival records, legal bases and printed sources, and its purpose is to present the conceptual basis of social policy, the role and content of social welfare, the first forms of social work and methods of training for this type of work in Slovenia in the early years after the Second World War. Under socialism, the state took over the social welfare, but initially it was not yet able to provide social assistance to everyone who needed it. The state also appointed the ‘mass organisations’, especially the Women’s Anti-Fascist Front. From 1945 to 1949, a social political school operated at the ministry responsible for social affairs to provide professional and political training for new “social workers” as quickly as possible.

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Socialno delo v socialističnih tovarnah

Author(s): Nina Vodopivec / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 101/2022

The article deals with the development of social work in socialist textile factories in Slovenia from the 1960s. The article is based on reports of workers’ council meetings in the Pletenina knitwear factory and on research conducted by students of the School of Social Work in socialist factories, and on interviews with some former social workers in textile factories. The empirical material points to social problems identified by the social workers and the miserable social conditions in which the textile workers lived and worked. The studies conducted by the students are important sources for researching the social conditions of textile workers in the socialist past. They also point to the social understanding of the problems and social work in the former political system. I interpret the material in the context of my year-long study of the experiences of women textile workers in Slovenia.

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The Implementation of Group Intervention Programs: A Tool to Promote Collaboration between Services in the Child Protection System

Author(s): Sara Pérez-Hernando,Nuria Fuentes-Pelaez,Daniela Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 80/2023

There are many agents involved in the family reunification processes of the child protection system, which requires rethinking collaboration between services. A mixed-method design including a quantitative survey (n = 93) and 14 qualitative focus groups (n = 43) was applied to investigate the attitudes of the protection system professionals towards the implementation of a group intervention program for family reunification. The results indicate the need for collaboration between the protection system services and highlight the elements that professionals identify as key to developing this collaboration.

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Future Social Workers’ Communicative Readiness Formation to Control Social Risks and Response to the Emergencies in the Aviation Industry

Author(s): Larysa Platash,Valentyna Sanzharovets,Ganna Koval,Yulia Shatylo,Natalia Vladislavovna Novikova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

Communicative interaction implementation is one of the leading social worker’s functions, formed in the process of education. A social worker is a specialist whose task is to identify social risks and respond to emergencies in a qualified manner. The aim of the article is to analyze the conditions and results of the future social workers’ formation of communicative readiness to manage social risks and respond quickly to emergencies at airports; to test the validity of the hypothesis based on certain criteria. According to the results of the survey, there were identified three groups of students with signs of formation: stimulating motives for mastering communicative competence; communicative competence; communicative readiness for professional situation management. During the teachers’ survey the main factors of students’ communicative readiness formation are revealed as follows: practical activity, students’ activity, their desire to qualitative professional characteristics acquisition and self-educational activity of youth. The disciplines of the educational program selective component of the general training cycle (100%) and the vocational training cycle (78.3%), as well as manufacturing practice (94.5%) are endowed with potential opportunities. The main conditions for ensuring the quality of communicative readiness formation process: 1) the development of attitude to the professional communication as a means of professional activity; 2) subject-subject interaction design and implementation in the educational process; 3) socio-psychological support of the professional readiness communicative component formation and the self-education throughout life implementation.

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Wybrane wyzwania społeczne i polityczne stojące przed Hiszpanią w następstwie pandemii COVID-19

Author(s): Zuzanna Kowalczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 04/2022

The article tackles selected problems that arose in Spain after the outbreak of the globalCOVID-19 pandemic. The author focuses mainly on the phenomenon of social inequalities which enlarged significantly in the discussed period. This process was caused by the necessity to introduce sanitary restrictions to protect human life and health. However, they also brought negative consequences in the form of an increase in unemployment which in Spain affected primarily tourism industry, entertainment and recreation services and transportation. It was assumed by the author that the inequality issue would be one of the highest priority for the Spanish government and would be addressed indirectly by reforms introduced in economic recovery plans after the pandemic. In the second part of the article the author also tries to identify the challenges for Spanish diplomacy. The problems associated with Spanish participation in the policy of the European Union are presented. The author assumed that Spanish diplomacy would intensify its activitieson the European Union forum during the time of crisis in order to, among other, obtain aidfunds on favourable terms. The author also raised the issue of factors that could strengthen Spain’s position and at the same time ensure that its activity within the European Union might be a key to the success of the reforms introduced after the health crisis. The method used included the analysis of existing materials, statistical data, reports and studies published in the period after the outbreak of the pandemic in Europe in 2020. Most of the research was based on Internet sources: reports and analyses of Spanish researchers, government databases, factsheets, and information published by non-governmental organizations.

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Participativní bydlení: nová konceptualizace demokratických forem bydlení v České republice

Author(s): Jan Malý Blažek,Tomáš Hoření Samec,Petr Kubala,Václav Orcígr / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

In recent years, in response to the increasing unaffordability of housing, many European countries have seen a renewed interest in forms of housing that emphasise elements of cooperation, self-organisation, and sharing (of space, organisation, or ownership between households). In the Czech Republic, we recently identified the first efforts of some municipalities and smaller groups of citizens to transpose this 'housing innovation' into the Czech context, which until now has predominantly favoured individual owner-occupied housing. Considering that these emerging forms of housing in the Czech Republic have yet to be conceptualised in theory, the goal of our article is to initiate a debate on a more precise conceptual understanding. To this end, we propose an overarching definition of participatory housing, which we present using three defining principles and five dimensions of participation. Reflecting on existing Western European conceptualisations and a historical contextualisation of (related forms of) housing in the territory of what is today the Czech Republic, we discuss the specific dimensions of the concept of participatory housing, the conditions of its existence, and what makes it distinct from other forms of housing.

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THE RESPONSE OF WELFARE STATE SYSTEM IN ALBANIA TO THE VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Author(s): Evis Garunja / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The paper will give an overview of the entire fundamental, social rights and freedoms fixed on the Albanian Constitution. Part of the article will be focused on the comparative study on the reform of social assistance legislation from 90ties till now and the transformations which affected mostly the target of vulnerable people and victims of violence. Through a comparative study of social assistance laws, the evaluations of the achieved results of their implementation, the paper aims to achieve some reflections and critical opinions on what need to be improved and how the stakeholder should act to fulfill their duties. In Albania [World Bank (2018)], the economic aid scheme constitutes 25% of social aid and this occupies 1.35% of GDP. In 2019, 73.5% of Economic aid beneficiaries represent 30% of the poorest part of the population (ISTAT). The World Bank notes that the treatment with economic aid of approximately 9% of the population in the country, with poverty levels at 30.8% of the population, requires an emergency intervention with long-term social policies. INSTAT data shows that, women are more at risk of living in poverty than men at the level of 23.8% versus 22.2%. The victims of domestic violence as beneficiaries benefits only 0.2% of Economic Aid funds, which constitutes 0.5% of the total EA fund for 2020. As long as the law connects the right to monetary compensation with the status of a victim of domestic violence, obtained by a final court decision without paying attention to the socioeconomic situation, the levels of poverty will be higher.

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The inclusive university - a desideratum and part of the state of normality

Author(s): Nina Cebotaru,Serghei Racu,Ala Pogorlețchi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

This investigative approach starts from our concerns and from the desire to clarify theoretical and practical aspects regarding certain attitudes and behaviors observed at the community level such as segregation, isolation,and, sometimes, even rejection of certain groups and social categories that we call "at risk" or "disadvantaged". This is why we advocate in this article for aninclusive university. The key principles of inclusion consider fundamental concepts such as: valuing diversity, the right to be respected, the dignity of the human being, individual needs understood as individual requirements, planning, collective responsibility, the development of relationships and professional culture, professional development, and equal opportunities. In the field of education, inclusion requires universities and the entire educational system to change and adapt to theneeds of the student. Inclusive education must be seen as a permanent process of improving the higher education institution, with the aim of exploiting existing resources, especially human resources, to support the participation in the educational processof all people within a community.

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Eclectic Approach in Romanian Social Work – a Good Model of Practice for Young People with Special Needs

Author(s): Felicia Andrioni,Lavinia Elisabeta Popp,Oana Lavinia Filip / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Social work practice is based on Social work theory and involves a eclectic approach. Eclecticism has important advantages and can be seen as a response to the diversity and complex nature of many social aspects. Eclectic social work practice is connected with different modes of intervention for beneficiaries. The goal of this research is to contribute significantly to the literature in the generalist eclectic social work practice field by analyzing the eclectic intervention modes of a social work service for youth with special needs (HIV) from the Jiu Valley, Hunedoara County, Romania. The investigation had in view five analysis dimensions: (1) In the field of professional information; (2) In the field of vocational counselling; (3) In the field of competence; (4) In the field of counselling vocational guidance; (5) In the field of youth professional training. The procedure of research the design of the research was qualitative and quantitative. The research methods used was data analysis and questionnaire based inquiry. Based on the data analyze method and questionnaire based inquiry, it results that Information, Counselling and Guidance Professional Service (ICGPS) contribute to the improvement of human resources and thus their efficiency and effectiveness of the labour market and contribute to help beneficiaries with special needs in planning professional development in relation to evolving labour market in different areas, through social work eclectic intervention modes.

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The Adequacy of the Romanian Public Policies for School Nutrition Targeting Children Belonging to Vulnerable Groups

Author(s): Daniel Arpinte / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The goal of the study is to evaluate the implementation of the governmental pilot program for providing school meals to preschool and school children from socio-economic disadvantaged areas and identify which are its main outcomes, as well as to examine the adequacy of the national nutritional policy with a focus on the perspective of a new European child protection policy which promotes healthy nutrition as a main tool for social inclusion of vulnerable children. The study is based on two study cases carried out in communities where the program is implemented, as well as on a review of the relevant policies from a comparative perspective. The main conclusions of the article show that the Romanian nutrition policy is outdated and inadequately designed to support interventions aiming at promoting a healthy lifestyle, which affected the implementation of the pilot program. Although there are some positive results of the pilot program, and is positively perceived at local level, there are some critical aspects which should be considered, as it is its lack of focus on health outcomes, and insufficient support for local authorities and schools in running the program, aspects which might become critical for the perspective of scaling up the program at national level.

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The Effects of Substance Usage on Teenagers’ Sexual Debut

Author(s): Noemi Ivette Vicsai,Cristina Faludi / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

For adolescents who begin their sexual life early, substance abuse might be a factor of influence. Other factors to be taken into consideration are family relationships, friends and religion.Methods: A group of 46 highschool students aged 14 to 19 years living in Cluj-Napoca completed a questionnaire covering six topics: demographic data, family relationships, social network, religiosity, substance usage, and sexual life. The questionnaire was self-administered on an online platform. Data were gathered between May and June 2022.Results: Alcohol and drugs consumption were found to influence sexual debuts, while cigarette smoking was not. Family and peers were not associated with the sexual debut and substance consumption. Somewhat odd, religion exerted a significant effect on sexual debut and alcohol consumption, but had no role in regard to drug usage.Conclusion: More studies are needed for a better comprehension of sexual debuts under the influence of substance usage and suitable educational programs addressing this problem should be developed.

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THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT

Author(s): Sandra Dabić,Đorđe Spasojević,Milka Radulović,Zoran Radulović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Child abuse is an age-old phenomenon, which is confirmed by the data from art, literature, and science from many parts of the world. There are reports on infanticide, mutilation, abandonment and other forms of violence found in many historical records of unkempt, weak, and malnourished children who were left by families to take care of themselves. Those records also make note of charity organisations and groups, as well as others that were involved in ensuring the welfare and providing protection for the children. Social institutions are institutions that ought to be the first link in the chain of providing help and care for children and minors, but at the same time, they are institutions that work on reducing the occurrences of abuse of minors in society in general. Today, there is clear evidence that child abuse is a global problem which comes in different forms and is, unfortunately, deeplyrooted in cultural, economic and social practices. Solving this global problem, however, requires a much better understanding of its occurrences in a range of environments, as well as its causes and effects in said environments. In this paper, by applying the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, we will review and analyse concepts of child abuse and neglect, the forms in which they come, as well as analyse the role of social institutions, with a special focus on Centres for Social Work. The creative aim of the paper is to recognise the problem of child neglect and abuse which demands an efficient response by the wider social community.

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The Role of Social Workers in Working with Incarcerate Parents – the Case of Albania

Author(s): Juliana Adjini / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The member of staff of social services in prisons plays an important role in the rehabilitation and reintegration of incarcerated parents. At a time when the incarcerated parents are growing and approach on human rights is involved in all aspects of our lives, the role of educational programs in prisons should also reflect these changes. This article aims to present the findings of a study conducted with 10 staff members on five prisons in Albania. The main issues addressed include the goals of these programs, targeted skills, types of programs, the challenges they face, their effectiveness and efficiency. This study used qualitative research methods and as instrument the semi -structured interview. The study showed that more should be done in the design and implementation of educational programs in terms of parenthood. The participants assessed the fact that educational programs should begin prior conviction and aim not recidivism of prisoners. Thus, the main challenge identified by participants was the education community with the involvement of many stakeholders such as family, community, peers, schools etc.

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Социални предприятия – същност, концептуализация и полза за обществото

Author(s): Aleksandrina Kisiova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The article examines the nature and characteristics of social enterprise. It typifies the different types of social enterprises that operate in Bulgaria, concentrates on the target groups of social entrepreneurship and brings out the significant benefits for society. Attention is paid in detail to the first Bulgarian law on Enterprises of the social and solidarity economy.

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Medycyna i nacjonalizm – stacja szpitalna na cmentarzu żydowskim we Wrocławiu

Author(s): Izabela Spielvogel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

Between 1941 and 1945, in some regions of the Third Reich, Jews were allowed to function, if, among other things, they had non-Jewish spouses or were considered, according to racial purity laws, to be so-called „Mischlings”. German half-blood Jews, due to the Aryan blood element, were initially not affected by persecution to the same extent as full-blood Jews. In theory, they could, for example, seek exemption from racial laws, did not have to pay Jewish property tax or wear the Star of David. They were also spared during the first deportations. The question of the extermination of German Jews in mixed marriages or those who were categorised as being of „mixed descent” was repeatedly raised in National Socialist offices and institutions but was never finally resolved. In line with the National Socialist racial ideology, separate medical facilities had to be established for this social group, providing health care services. Such centres were set up from 1943 onwards in the larger German cities where there were still relatively large numbers of Jews. They were opened on the Gestapo’s orders as so-called hospital stations (Krankenstation). Such institutions operated in: Berlin, Breslau (now Wrocław), Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg and Cologne. An abandoned administrative building located in the Jewish cemetery at what was then Flughafenstraße 51 (now Lotnicza Street) in the Cosel (Kozanów) district was designated as the headquarters of the Wrocław facility, which egan operating on 1 July 1943.

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Organizacja i działalność wiejskiej służby zdrowia połowy lat 60. XX w. w świetle sprawozdań Najwyższej Izby Kontroli

Author(s): Magdalena Paciorek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The article discusses the organization and activity of the rural health service in the mid-1960s in the light of the reports of the Supreme Audit Office. It is an attempt to answer the questions about the organization and availability of open healthcare in the field, whether the provincial community benefited from professional medical assistance to the same extent as the urban one? What were the problems of the then rural health service?

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Surveillance and Social Distancing: Challenges and Opportunities of the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Context of COVID-19 in Carrying Out Activities by Probation Counselors in the Western Part of Romania

Author(s): Claudia Feher,Mihaela Tomiță / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This article explores the way in which probation counselors in western Romania have responded to the problems generated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the sudden changes caused by it in their working procedures. We analyzed the work, experiences, and adaptation of probation counselors during the critical pandemic period and beyond to identify the resources and skills they held or acquired to cope, adapt, and develop professionally. Our objective was not only to obtain information about the changes that occurred during the pandemic but also to explore the attitudes generated by them. We have interviewed 31 probation counselors in two distinct temporal stages, the first taking place in the full context of the pandemic, and the second stage taking place after the medical and social restrictions imposed by COVID-19 ended. The pandemic crisis, perceived as a stressful event, exposed probation counselors to individual, but especially professional and societal risk factors, making it difficult to fulfill their role through digital means. However, certain work skills acquired during the pandemic period have proven to be useful discoveries that facilitate their work in the post-pandemic landscape. The results obtained reveal the need for intervention for the valuing of human, material, and time resources that have proven beneficial in professional functionality during the pandemic, as well as for the promotion of an institutional climate and a work environment to satisfy the professional needs of probation counselors and to improve the insufficient logistics structure in the context of modernization and digitization of their activity.

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Accessibility of Restorative Justice: Attitudes as Barriers to Greater Referrals

Author(s): Malini Laxminarayan,Annemieke Wolthuis / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

Many studies assessing the benefits of restorative justice have emphasized how such procedures can lead to greater satisfaction, empowerment for the victim, and less re-offending by the offender. Despite these findings, restorative justice procedures are not reaching their full potential due to barriers in accessibility. One factor at the core of inaccessibility is the lack of a restorative culture, and instead the punitive attitudes of legal professionals which dominate criminal justice. As a result, many legal professionals fail to refer cases to restorative justice procedures, despite their ability to do so. This article presents empirical findings to illustrate how legal culture may be a reason that insufficient numbers of victims and offenders are being referred to restorative justice procedures. Information is provided based on qualitative data from referral bodies, such as the police, prosecutors and victim support, in addition to restorative justice practitioners. Practical implications are also discussed, focusing on how better cooperation and awareness can partly deal with the issue of a dominant punitive legal culture.

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Harmonizing or Restoring Justice? A Study of Victims’ Experiences Meeting with their Young Offenders in China

Author(s): Xiaoyu Yuan,Xiaohua Di / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

This study examines the victims’ experiences and perceptions in meeting with their young offenders in China, as part of the out-of-court reconciliation programmes promoted within the Chinese justice system. A pattern of altruistic victims’ behaviour emerged out of the study, pointing at the predominance of the rehabilitation and reintegration ideals for young offenders. While a cultural and societal explanation is provided, the findings are also discussed in relation to the practice of restorative justice encounters in youth offending in the western world. The study suggests that it is problematic to look at Chinese practices through the ‘process’ lens of restorative justice in the West. The comparative analysis reveals both similarities and differences in the understanding of restoration. The article concludes that repairing the harm should respect a society’s own context, tradition and culture.

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