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Кавказская война и реформы 60—70-х гг. XIX в. как факторы становления женщин-предпринимательниц в Дагестане

Author(s): Oksana Saidovna Mutieva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2016

The article is devoted to 60—70-s reforms of the XIX c. as an important factor in the formation of a layer of women-entrepreneurs in Dagestan. The end of the Caucasian War and the ensuing reforms of 1860—1870-s had a tremendous influence on the development of the Dagestan society. This period is well covered in the works of historians, both pre-revolutionary and contemporary.However, the issues related to the impact of reforms on the economic situation of women and, in particular, on the development of women entrepreneurs in Dagestan did not find adequate coverage. This paper attempts to fill this gap and to identify the role of the bourgeois reforms in the formation of women’s entrepreneurship.The research based on the analysis of literary and archival materials revealed that conducted in the region bourgeois reforms played an important role in the process of integration of women in business. After studying the nature of women entrepreneurship, we came to the conclusion that at the turn of XIX—XX cс.they were involved in the trade and industrial activities, engaged in various types of business activities. They owned wine and brandy enterprises, various craft schools, private educational institutions. The study noted that these women were mostly of Russian or Armenian origin. Among local indigenous women there were practically no women entrepreneurs. Activities of women entrepreneurs were based on equal opportunities principles as stipulated in the laws of the Russian Empire.

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Социальное положение женщин в годы Великой Отечественной войны: историко-социологический анализ (На материалах Кировской области)

Author(s): N. V. Chernysheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2016

The article contains a historical and sociological analysis of the social position of women in the Great Patriotic War. Considering the example of the social status of women rear population, the researcher notes the factors contributing to its change. The paper defines main characteristics of the status: woman as mother, as a hard worker and a citizen.

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ФАКТОРЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МЕЖСИБЛИНГОВОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ В СЕМЬЯХ С ПСИХИЧЕСКИ БОЛЬНЫМ РЕБЕНКОМ

Author(s): Sergej Aleksandrovich Sudjin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the relations between sibs in families with a mentally ill child. The features of these interactions in the context of one of the sibs mental illness are analyzed; the factors of inter-sibs relations configuration are considered. The main factor among them is gender. This aspect affects both the extent of mutual emotional intimacy between sibs and extent of involvement in the problem-solving of mentally ill brother or sister. Among other factors to be noted are the order of mentally ill childbirth, the age of healthy sibling at the moment of the first manifestation of illness, type of disease as such and its duration. The conclusion is drawn about the necessity of social work with healthy siblings in the process of the rehabilitation of families with a mentally ill child. Article represents the review of foreign literature on the problem of the intersiblings relations burdened by a mental disorder of one of them. These articles were published between 1962 and 2015, covering the main milestones of interest to this problem. In the late sixties in medicine the research was directed at estimating the stress level and psychological features of a joint growing with a sick brother or sister. The attention was paid also to the social and emotional consequences which adult siblings might experience. This direction went in parallel with growing of self-help groups’ popularity in Western Europe and the USA. Another factor was the increasing popularity of narratives about the joint socialization of healthy and mentally sick children. In the 1980s the research projects focused on description and studying healthy sibling problems such as the lower self-esteem, stigmatization, and shame. Later the scientific interest shifted towards studying the variables which are associated with the burden which healthy siblings experienced during cohabitation with a sick brother or sister. It was conncected with using the multidimensional data analysis in social and psychological researches and emergence of new methods of empirical information collection.

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ПРОБЛЕМА ОТКАЗА ОТ НОВОРОЖДЕННОГО В ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ И ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ НАУКЕ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ

Author(s): K.I. Samokhina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

One of the most actual problems in modern society is social orphanhood. This research refers to studies of the abandonments and neglect of children in Russia. In Russia the quantity of the newborn abandonment grows every year and makes 0,3—0,4 % of all newborn. The purpose of the article is to consider the main aspects of research made in this field and to define the spheres for the further investigation. The general purpose of the project is to give an explanation of theoretical and methodological aspects of the problem. Although the question of abandonment and neglect of children attracted attention of scholars concentrating on sociological, historical, medical aspects of the problem, one cannot but admit that there remain certain aspects to be studied. Beyond the attention of scientists there are such spheres as the structure and motives of Russian mothers in crisis, their image in mass media, modern features of the abandonments and neglect of children in Russia. Further research in this area will show other important aspects of social and culture factors of families in crisis. The analysis of all these factors and reasons will help to develop an implementation of the infant abandonments’ prevention service. In future appropriate technique will be more widely used in social services for families in crisis and children at risk of being abandoned and abused in Russian regions.

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Popkultura wobec izraelskich wzorców pamiętania o Zagładzie

Author(s): Jagoda Budzik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2015

After the long period of intentional silence surrounding the subject of the Holocaust survivors in the official discourse of Israel, more and more often the Holocaust served as a justification for the Israeli military activity as well as it became a central element shaping the national identity of the Israeli Jews. This situation is directly reflected in the texts of Israeli mass culture but also has been widely criticized with the use of tools it offers. The main objective of the article is to give a brief overview of the history of this dual relationship between Israeli pop culture and the Holocaust memory, as well as to explain the special status it has in Israel from the first decades of the state’s existence until the period of an extensive presence of the topic of Holocaust memory in various kinds of popular media.

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Siedmioro karłów z Auschwitz, które „Doktorowi Śmierć zawdzięczały życie”. O bohaterach reportażu Kukiełki doktora Mengele Yehudy Koren i Eliat Negev

Author(s): Agnieszka Kamińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2015

A man mistreated day after day – experiencing his own death every day for years, denigrated, beaten, threatened, with no perspectives for the future – should hate his oppressor. The story of a Jewish Hungarian family of dwarfs shows that this is not always the case. In this sketch, the author analyzes the biographical narrations of the chacters of the book, who are clearly ambivalent towards doctor Mengele. It appears that the key to the interpretation of their behavior lies in deep psychological mechanisms. The analysis of the subjects’ narrations shows that Holocaust survivors suffered until the end of their days from, what psychologists and psychiatrists have named, the posttraumatic stress disorder. As the author is not a psychiatrist, she does not discuss PTSD symptoms from a medical perspective. The aim of the study is to look at the memories presented in the book with an approach informed by the humanities and embedded in the context of psychiatric terminology. The main analytical method is hermeneutics (Prot 2009).

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Polska wojna kulturowa. Pole bitwy i strony konfliktu

Author(s): Tomasz Mróz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2015

The 25th anniversary of polish legislative election of 1989 resulted in conflicts that Poland has never seen before. The area of this dispute goes through the borders of politics, religion and worldview. The emerging question is: should the disputation on ‘gender ideology’, „Golgota Picnic”, the doctors’ declaration of faith, the clause of conscience and the case of professor Bogdan Chazan be treated as a forecast of a culture war? Why is there so much controversy on the topics of abortion, civil partnerships, correctness of works of art or significance of the family? Are we the witnesses of a real and painful culture war? If we are, then in what stadium of the conflict? Can the culture war be ended in a peaceful way? Analysis on the culture-political events should give some initial answers to these questions.

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Analiza mitu piękna kobiecego ciała na podstawie wybranych reklam i sztuki krytycznej

Author(s): Małgorzata Karczmarzyk,Agnieszka Bzymek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2015

The definition of beauty in the 21st century, which comes from advertising and art, has become a critical contribution to the attempt to analyse some artistic actions and events which make use of popular culture reconstructing the social reality as well as building a different semantic perspective. The postmodern body has been commodified, offered for sale, or has become an icon presenting current cultural, medical or aesthetic trends and canons. In our speech we would like to study the critical art discourse centered around a disagreement with the universally applicable carnality image of a woman whose body is subjected to aesthetic restrictions and repressed by a beauty myth of victimization. The body becomes a tool serving the interests of large marketing corporations which, by creating an artificial myth of the beauty of a female body, shape it according to their own preferred framework. Starting from the philosophical and emancipatory reflection, we aim to show in this article that the body in culture is presented according to the prevailing discourse of power. Finally, we will try to mention the importance of corporeality in the world media, where it often becomes objectified.

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ÖN LİSANS ÇOCUK GELİŞİMİ PROGRAMI ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇOCUK İHMAL VE İSTİSMARI KONUSUNDA BİLGİ VE RİSK TANILAMA DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Tuncay Polat,Fatih Aydoğdu,Çiğdem Kaya Badğaş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Special/2016

Child abuse and neglect can be regarded as a public health problem, affecting the family which is the smallest unit of the community, while affecting the child as an individual, sometimes causing adverse effects such as the deterioration of family integrity that are difficult to compensation. The aim of this research is to examine the level of awareness of child negligence and abuse in terms of various variables. The study group of the research model is composed of 300 students in Erzincan and Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University Health Services Vocational School, 1st and 2nd year students in the Child Development program. In gathering the data; the Likert type survey developed with the aim of determining the level of knowledge about child abuse and neglect by Dilsiz and Mağden and questionnaire form which takes into account the demographic characteristics of the students (age, gender, division type, etc.) will be used ,statistical analysis of the data will be done and the results will be shared with the researchers.

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ASKER NEDEN DARBE YAPAR?: KURUMSALLAŞMASINI TAMAMLAYAMAMIŞ DEMOKRASİLERDE SİVİL–ASKER İLİŞKİLERİ ÜZERİNE GENEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Author(s): Bülent Şener / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 31/2016

The fact that the military, one of the means of governments’ superior power of sanction, is kept under civilian control and subject to civilian authority is accepted as one of the key conditions of contemporary democracies. The apolitical position of the military in industrialized Western democracies can be explained by the presence of a liberal-democratic model for civilian military relationships (ignoring the military’s relatively partial effect on foreign policy, national security and defense policies). However, civilian-military relationships are observed to always have the potential to directly and/or indirectly affect politics and governance in incompletely industrialized democracies. This study analyzes the level of and reasons for militaries’ effectiveness on political life in incompletely industrialized or unindustrialized democracies based on the causes of military coups, which represent the peak of military intervention in politics.

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AİLE İÇİ ŞİDDETE KARŞI KADINLARIN TUTUMLARI: BİNGÖL İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Kasim Tatlilioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

The most common form is domestic violence against women and children. Violence against women is a common social problem in Turkey. Violence against women includes a variety of different acts, which abused them physically, sexually or emotionally. Today, increasing the presence of many social scientists feel the violence has been the subject of the investigation. This research is conducted on all men and women who reside in the center of Bingöl and their age is 18 and over. The research group is consisted of 524 people 265 of them are women (50.51%) and 259 of them are men (49.42%) residing in Bingöl city center. Two different scales are applied for the purpose of the research. The first of these scales is "Domestic Violence Scale (for women)" and the "Domestic Violence Scale (for men). Both scales are applied separately to men and women. The other one is "Violence Attitude Scale" which is used common for both women and men including 21 questions in the survey. This article contains the findings only "Violence Attitude Scale" obtained from women.

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AMERİKA’NIN ARAP BAHARI SIRASINDA SURİYE’DE Kİ ÇEVRELEME POLİTİKASINI KIRMAK İÇİN RUSYA VE ÇİN ELELE VERDİLER

Author(s): Hanefi Yazici / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2015

Russian and Chinese leaders fear that the Western-backed revolts against the authoritarian governments of the Middle East might encourage similar resistance among their own people. Particularly, Russia and China worry about any military intervention of the Western countries in Syria although there has been no preparation for a military intervention and the USA has not decided on a military operation. Nevertheless, both Russia and China emphasize such a probability, alleging that Syria is to be a second Libya as result thereof. In this context, they have drawn two lessons from the military intervention in Libya: that the political transformation took an early start brought along chaos and calamity. In fact, the armed military interventions of the West in the Middle East have only induced destructive consequences.

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ARAP İSYANLARI SIRASINDA MISIR’DA ORDUNUN DEMOKRATİK DÖNÜŞÜMDEKİ ROLÜ

Author(s): Hanefi Yazici / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2015

Just after the Jasmine Revolution in Tunisia in 2011, mass protests against Mubarak regime broke out and he had to resign handing power to the army. Many people in Egypt called Mubarak as “the last pharaoh” since he ruled the country for nearly thirty years like a monarch and his regime was believed unmovable as the pyramids. On the other hand, it was one of the most important allies of the United States in the region that is whatever occurs in Egypt would cause significant consequences for the Middle East. After the free elections in Egypt, Morsi became the president but within a year thousands of people filled Tahrir Square shouting their slogans such as “the army and the people hand in hand” and as a result, the army did not want to protect a president who lost power. This time, the protesters who achieved to overthrow Mubarak regime were celebrating a coup d’état by the military. As a result, the army decided to call for new elections taking power from the elected legitimate President Morsi.

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ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ SALDIRGANLIK ALGILARI

Author(s): Kaya Yıldız,Sevilay Yildiz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

The aim of this study to investigate the aggression perceptions of preservice classroom teaching department students. The study is designed as a descriptive study. The population of the study is formed by 431 preservice classroom teaching department students in the 2015-2016 academic year. The data were collected through Aggression Questionnaire developed by Buss ve Perry (1992) and whose Turkish adaptation, reliability and validity studies were performed by Can (2002). The Aggression Questionnaire has “physical aggresion”, “verbal aggresion”, “anger”, “hostality” ve “ındirect aggression ” dimensions. In the study, to analyze the data the frequency values, the standart deviation and mean scores were calculated. The findings revealed that the preservice teachers' perceptions about their aggression levels were at low level ( =2,44, ss=,509) at all grades.

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SÜRGÜN OLUNMUŞ KRIM TÜRKLƏRİNİN DOĞMA YURDA DÖNMƏK MÜBARİZƏSİNİN CENGİZ DAĞCI YARADICILIĞINDAKI ƏKSİ

Author(s): Aytən Şahid Abbasova / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2015

Cengiz Dagci who took the specific place in Turkish literature of the XX century tried to show the events which Crimean Turkishs lived in the XX century and he achieved his object successfully. The endless love for his native land, the affection to national morality values, the idea of National unity, the heavy conclusions of Russian’s policy against Crimean Turkishs, the negative influences of World War II to Crimean Turkishs’ destiny formed the directions of the main theme and idea of Cengiz Dagci’s novels. The political situation which changed by the disintegration of the Soviet Empire increased a little the faith of return native land in the exiled Crimean Turkishs from their motherland and some of them could return by difficulty. In the article which presented by us will take place the problem of the reflection of the struggle of the exiled Crimean Turkishs for return their native land in Cengiz Dagci’s creativity.

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TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ’NİN BİRLİKÇİ (ÜNİTER) YAPISI SÖMÜRGECİLİĞİN SALDIRI HEDEFİNDE

Author(s): Deniz Necmettin Kaçağan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 23/2014

In history, as it is seldom seen that a brand new project is developed, it is also rare that they are abandoned before being brought to completion. That is, the earlier projects with established foundations and accumulated knowledge are modified, renamed are placed into action again. As continuity is essential in the policies of the governments, these projects are only deferred until the right time. In this case, 50-70 years for governments is like few months in our lives. Our writings must be judged under the light of these strategic realities. In history, all terrorist organizations are organizations that were formed under the control of colonial forces and renamed as time went on. In chronological order these are: Hinchak, Dashnak, Khoyboun (Xoybûn), ASALA, PKK.

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İSTİHBARATTA PROPAGANDANIN ÖNEMİ

Author(s): Uzman Andaç Karabulut / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 20/2013

From past to present, intelligence units place importance on kontrespiyonaj activities as well as undertaking intelligence service. The importance of the kontrespiyonaj activity continues to increase with advancing technology. Making propaganda, one of the important tasks of intelligence, gained importance in World War I and II, maintained the sensitivity of Hitler on propaganda and the Mahsusa Organization, Ottoman intelligence agency, carried out the studies on this subject. With the information age, propaganda media consists of TV, Film industries, news and documentary programs anymore as well as magazines and brochures. Sometimes this media tries to provide assistance of the community in some countries, it is also used as tools to influence the regime of countries which creates threat perception.

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PKK TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜ ve KCK’DA SON DURUM

Author(s): Sait Yılmaz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 15/2012

Turkey’s struggle with terror is at the vital milestone. The situation is very complex due to the many actors existence of such as PKK, KCK or activities of BDP, political extension of terror in Turkish National Assembly. PKK has recently unable to reach its goals in negotiations process with Turkish officials lasting by 2007 and now continues to attack all possible targets for that reason. Turkey must run to fight with terror in determination and firmness. In this article, it is aimed to explain the current stage of countering terror in Turkey and events behind the sceens. In that context, we focus on issues like Oslo negotiations and KCK structure.

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QUEBEC MESELESİ

Author(s): Zeyyat Bandeoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2016

The Province of Quebec - where the majority of the population is French catholics- is a home to 25 percent population of Canada and has undertakend a number of importartant initiatives and endeavors with the aim of being an independent state. Therefore, the Quebec question has been an achilles heel of Canada’s territorial integrity and unity throughout the history. However, compared to other ethnic conflicts, the quebec question has not caused a great deal of violence and terror. Within this context, the purpose of this paper is to analyse the the Quebec question since its emergence.

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AZERBAYCAN’IN EKOLOJİ KİRLİLİĞİNİN OLUŞUMUNA ve KÜRESEL ÇEVRE KİRLİLİĞİN BÜTÜNLEŞMESİNE ERMENISTAN’IN ETKİSİ

Author(s): Metanet H. İsmayilzade,Metanet A. Aliyeva / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2016

The aim of the research is to investigate population growth migration industrial development and to research the global integration results and solving ways of global ecological pollution with Azerbaijan sample.. The research deals with the ecological environmental pollution of Azerbaijan and focused on the reasons of immigration, industrial development and unjust war. The pollution fresh water basins of Kur and Araz rivers at the same time, generally, soil, air atmosphere, pollution, and population migration are connected with Armenian aggressive policy to Azerbaijan and the solution ways of these problems have been revealed in the article. The implicit and explicit use of chemical weapons to the civil population of Azerbaijan by Armenian unjust war has been pointed out. The Azerbaijan Government invited the organizations as OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) for judicial investigation of unjust war and for global environmental protection.

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