POLSCY MIGRANCI I ICH STARZEJĄCY SIĘ RODZICE. TRANSNARODOWY SYSTEM OPIEKI MIĘDZYGENERACYJNEJ

Author(s): Łukasz Krzyżowski / Language(s): Polish

Wokół migracji dorosłych dzieci w kontekście potrzeb ich starszych rodziców, konstruowane są negatywne dyskursy przybierające postać panik moralnych. W ich centrum znajdują się migrujące kobiety, szczególnie te, których rodzice wymagają pomocy w utrzymaniu higieny osobistej. Są one w większym stopniu niż migrujący mężczyźni, którzy znajdują się w podobnej sytuacji, poddane społecznym (negatywnym) ocenom w społeczeństwie wysyłającym. Zmusza je to do podjęcia dodatkowego wysiłku w państwie imigracji, aby bezpośrednią opiekę osobistą zastąpić substytutem w postaci wsparcia finansowego. Sytuacja migrujących kobiet ulega dodatkowej komplikacji, gdy są one obciążone podwójnymi zobowiązaniami rodzinnymi i opiekują się nie tylko swoimi starszymi rodzicami, lecz także własnymi dziećmi. Ta częsta w transnarodowej rzeczywistości sytuacja prowadzi do pojawienia się licznych napięć i dylematów moralnych. W swej książce zajmuję się funkcjonowaniem transnarodowego systemu opieki międzygeneracyjnej, w ramach którego realizowane są praktyki społeczno-kulturowe redukujące przynajmniej częściowo owe napięcia i dylematy.

Ekologija i pravo

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Odgovornost države za ekološke štete

Author(s): Nataša Mrvić-Petrović,Zdravko Petrović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This paper analyzes the responsibility of the state and liability for environmental damage. Authors noted the need to protect the collective interests regarding the preservation of the environment led to the specific integration of civil and public law responsibilities. It is the responsibility of the state and the intertwined elements of accountability for human rights violations and liability. State is responsible in the same way as any other operator for damages resulting from an environmental accident. That is strict liability. However, when it comes to responsibility for violations of international law (including those provisions relating to environmental protection), the state still has the primary responsibility for failure in the application of preventive measures to prevent environmental accidents or lack of control over the performance of hazardous activity or use of dangerous means which threaten the environment.

Harmonizacija propisa Republike Srbije u oblasti zaštite životne sredine sa pravom EU

Author(s): Miloš Vasiljević,Đuro M. Đurić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In the European Union accession process, the Republic of Serbia has emabrked on an ambitious effort to achieve full harmonization of national legislation with EU law. The harmonization process includes the adoption of EU legislation - the acquis communautaire - by amending existing national legislation, the adoption of new harmonized laws and, finally, their proper implementation. This task required political will and support, since it was initiated started before the approximation of national regulations with EU law became obligatory for the Republic of Serbia. Since March 2012, Serbia has been harmonizing its laws as a candidate country for EU membership. One of the most important chapters of the EU acquis communautaire is Chapter 27, which is related to environmental protection. In the process of harmonization in this area, the Republic of Serbia has made significant progress.However, as the acquis communautaire is not a static category, it is necessary to ensure continuous political and financial support, and strengthen administrative capacities in order to secure proper implementation of the newly adopted regulations. Furthermore, climate changes present a serious challenge for Serbia as a candidate country.

Upravljanje otpadom - međunarodni propisi sa posebnim osvrtom na regulativu Evropske Unije

Author(s): Dragan Prlja,Danica Stepić,Danilo Savović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Within the European Union, the area of waste management is regulated through specific forms of legislation such as directives, regulations, decisions, recommendations, and the like. This approach has multiple benefits. On the one hand, directives can be used to efficiently and effectively address problems related to waste. Second, the regulations relating solely to matters of waste management provide the option of comprehensive legal regulation of this area, leaving fewer opportunities for arbitrary action of individual member countries. This results in a greater degree of harmonization of these regulations, and thus a higher level of commitment in their implementation. And finally, strict application of regulations in the sphere of waste management will greatly contribute to improving the environment and general quality of life.

Značaj procene uticaja za urbanističko planiranje

Author(s): Marko Milenković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Strategic environmental impact assessment (SEA) is an important measure for preventing adverse environmental impacts which has become an integral part of the adoption of programs, plans and policies relevant to the environment, including spatial and urban planning. The paper offers a preliminary analysis of the strategic environmental impact assessment framework in Serbia from the perspective of its impact on urban planning. It puts forward the proposals for further integration of the assessment into the urban planning process while enabling for development opportunities not restricted by extensive planning as well as creation of flexible mechanisms for efficient coordination of different objectives that need to be achieved in a transition economy. The article also analyzes whether the complex SEA is always needed for planning documents of lower hierarchical order which do not provide for the land use that could have a significant impact on (local) environment and whether the plans of this kind require SEA if environmental impact assessment is required and is going to be undertaken for envisaged facilities. Additionally, the paper looks into the impact “overplanning” has on planning documents of lower hierarchical level and investment projects realisation in accordance with them, and concluded that satisfactory final results can only be achieved if proper balance is made between the interests of environmental protection and economic development.

Zaštita životne sredine u uporednom ustavnom pregledu

Author(s): Vladimir Mikić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Provisions of the constitutional documents devoted to environmental protection generally contain every individual’s fundamental right to a clean and healthy natural environment, defined in close correlation with an appropriate duty of public authorities. Operational protection of a constitutionalized right of an individual is conditioned upon the increased participation of the citizenry in its fulfillment, which may be seen as a direct product of and a necessary precondition for the exercise of collective sovereignty.

Poreski podsticaji u funkciji zaštite životne sredine

Author(s): Marko Dimitrijević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In countries whose tax systems does not have environmental taxes, the indirect protection of the environment is achieved by “greening” of traditional forms of taxation. Namely, the system of tax incentives in the system of corporation tax, income tax and property tax, enables the taxpayers to lawfully minimize their tax liability taking into account the protection of the environment. Of course, the actual scope of these incentives is limited and they cannot replace the actual environmental taxes, which were introduced in most OECD countries. The absence of these taxes in the tax systems can be considered as funds management and unfair tax competition, which developing countries often resort to in order to attract foreign capital. Thus, the lack of environmental taxes or their inappropriate use can occur as one of the causes of international tax evasion. The normative structure of the legal regulation of environmental taxation in Serbia is not set at an adequate level, although tax incentives are amended by charges, which are aimed at the preservation of air, water and land. The amount of compensation is not at a satisfactory level, which would have a distorting effect and change the taxpayer’s habits, and, moreover, there is no possibility of their enforced collection in legal affairs. Therefore, work on environmental tax reform must continue, it is only possible with a coherent cooperation between the competent state authorities and citizens to raise much-needed environmental awareness.

Oporezivanje motornih vozila u Republici Srbiji

Author(s): Miloš Marković,Monika Milošević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

For more than two decades, the Republic of Serbia has been in the process of transition, facing some serious economic problems. At the same time, Serbia aims at achieving the high environmental standards set by the European Union in order to become a part of it. Bearing in mind that environmental taxes are one of the most important measures of environmental protection, and that motor vehicle taxes play a significant role among them, authors of this paper firstly provide a review of taxes and charges on motor vehicles in the Republic of Serbia as well as other fiscal measures in the area of transport that are imortant for environmental protection. Then, they analyze European tendencies in this area. Finally, the authors analyze Serbian system of taxation of motor vehicles and conclude that gradual moderation of the social component and at the same strengthening of the environmental component of this system is necessary.

Ekološki značaj reciklažne umetnosti

Author(s): Stanko Maletić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In this article, the author promotes the idea of non-accumulating of waste, which is one of the essential principles of modern ecology and modern recycling art, because care for the environment should not bypass artists or people of any other profession. For an artist who does not accept life in dead landscape, who completely accepts ecological requirements of his time, it is not at all unusual to engage in recycling art, to investigate waste and different art possibilities the waste offers. An artist is free to decide what his creation will be made of and, therefore, freedom to place the destiny of a discarded object in his sphere of interest. Artists who have never felt passionate about waste wk are definitely not for the recycling art, maybe not even for urban life.

A moldvai csángómagyarok „nagyerejű burjánjai”

Author(s): Péter Halász / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Moderní analýza biologických dat: 2. díl. Lineární modely s korelacemi v prostředí R

Author(s): Stano PEKÁR,Marek Brabec / Language(s): Czech

Po třech letech přicházíme s dalším dílem Moderní analýzy biologických dat. Tento díl představuje modely a metody, které jsou dalším rozšířením obecného lineárního modelu a kteréumožňují efektivně modelovat korelovaná (statisticky závislá) data. Dle našich zkušeností jsou korelovaná data v biologických, medicínských, ale i jiných oborech velmi častá. Proto jevelká i motivace pro použití výše zmíněných modelů a na nich založených metod statistické analýzy. Někdy bohužel až přespříliš. Jejich korektní použití vyžaduje přece jenom určité úsilí a alespoň základní přehled o tom, jak fungují, jaké jsou jejich předpoklady, co přesněříkají a na co odpověď naopak nedávají. Pokoušet se pracovat „naslepo“, bez takovýchto znalostí, tedy jen metodou „pokusů a omylů“ je samozřejmě zcela nevhodné.

Věrní a rozumní: Kapitoly o ekologické zpozdilosti

Author(s): Hana Librová,Vojtěch Pelikán,Lucie Galčanová,Lukáš Kala / Language(s): Czech

This book follows the successful titles The Colourful and the Green: Chapters on Voluntary Simplicity and The Half-Hearted and the Hesitant: Chapters on Ecological Luxury. The author poses the question of why, at a time of continuing devastation of nature, people’s interest in nature conservation has been decreasing. Are the media to blame, or is our numbness toward ecological problems perhaps rooted in our mental makeup that tends to supress unpleasant realities? The author also wants to find out why some people have remained faithful to nature. To get to the answers, she applies sociological, philosophical, psychological, and theological perspectives. An unexpected question then arises that may surprise some readers: Why should we actually protect nature when it can take care of itself? It is not weak – it is strong and cruel. Librová’s students Vojtěch Pelikán, Lucie Galčanová, and Lukáš Kala interview the children of “the Colourful,” too: Have they inherited their parents’ modest lifestyle? Version with Bohdan Lacina’s illustrations.

Green Accounting - Pivot of Non-Financial Reporting

Author(s): Sorina Geanina Stanescu,Constantin Aurelian Ionescu,Mihaela Denisa Coman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Lately we talk often about an expansion of financial reporting through the integration of environmental information in the financial statements. Environmental issues become essential for many companies and lots are becoming to include these aspects in their financial reports. Recognizing, evaluating and presenting these issues are the responsibility of management. Thus, is developed a new form of accounting - green accounting, or environmental accounting, as a link for the interaction between the environment and the economy. The objective principal of this research is to present the role that green accounting plays in developing non-financial reporting by identifying and assessing environmental costs and integrating them into reports published by economic entities. After Romania joined the European Union use and implementation the green accounting by national enterprises is increasingly evident. Environmental accounting or green accounting is as a necessary tool for substantiating decisions, is a system used to organize, manage and provide data and information for environment. We initiate the present scientific approach with a theoretical research in order to identify the main stages of the occurrence and the evolution of the environmental accounting. In the final part, we will present the involvement of international accounting organizations in the publication of environmental information, promoting the environmental balance as a form of publication the environmental information in international level.

„Nie” dla zwierząt w cyrku

Author(s): Kalina Kukiełko / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the paper is to present actions of the social campaign ‘Circus Without Animals’. More than twenty pro-animal associations from Poland (among others, Basta!, Viva!, and Empatia) established a coalition primarily focused on implementation of a legal ban on the use of animals in circuses in our country. Such solutions have already been introduced in several countries around the world as a result of the impact of civic initiatives. In Poland we still have no comprehensive solutions, however there are a lot of local initiatives in particular cities (for example, the Board of Education in Łodź forbade distribution of tickets to circuses in schools). The coalition, using the slogan ‘We trumpet against circuses’, is involved in educational activities (addressed mainly to children and youth, making up the majority of the circus audience), informing people about feelings and intelligence, but also about suffering of animals used for human entertainment.

Climate Change and Human Choice: Measuring the Nudging

Author(s): Byambasuren Lkhagvadorj,Javzandolgor Purevsuren,Amgalan Bazargarid / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this study was to define how climate change is changing in response to positive and negative human behavior. Climate change, in general, refers to changes that take place over a period of tens of thousands of years, involving a particular region or part of the world without human intervention. Climate change takes many forms, depending on the region and the industry in which it operates. The effects of global warming, drinking water shortages, endangered species, and extinction have begun to affect the world's attention and daily lives. And the Nudge effect has become widespread as people's tendency to change their choices has spread. In the last decade, however, climate change has accelerated due to human activities. Since 2008, the effects of the Nudge have had a profound effect on the lives of powerful people. The word nudge means to push lightly or gently stab into the ribs, especially with an elbow. The biggest example is people making smart and healthy choices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Choosing the right food can reduce food waste. Greenhouse gas emissions vary from the food we eat and the way we process it. We estimated multiple regression model for CO2 emissions, GDP growth, energy consumption and factors of human behavior about climate changing data from 1959 to 2018. We found that compared to previous years, greenhouse gas emissions were 4.2 billion square meters less than in previous years. This is a very important result of our research, and shows that the global response to climate change since 1992 has been effective. The use of electric magnes, becoming a vegetarian, riding a bicycle, and becoming a minimalist are the result of Nudge effect. By choosing to be a vegetarian, the level of CO2 emissions from food is greatly reduced. The fact that greenhouse gas emissions from food waste are equivalent to greenhouse gas emissions from electric vehicles, so the Nudge effect suggests that the results are positive.

Lokální ekonomiky v souvislostech aneb Produkce a spotřeba z blízka

Author(s): Eva Fraňková / Language(s): Czech

The book deals with the heterodox concept of economic localisation, its aim is to define, operationalize, critically discuss and theoretically embed the localisation concept, especially within a broader framework of ecological economics and social geography. The book is mainly theoretical, its methodology is based on the principles of grounded theory. To complement the theory, five exaples of localisation practise from the Czech republic are shortly introduced. The author concludes that despite the partial shortcomings of the localisation argumentation and despite its undoubtedly multifaceted practices, at least the radical streams of economic localisation can be interpreted as alternatives to the current system of production and consumption with the potential to contribute to sustainability (as understood within the context of sustainable degrowth).

ÖKOFALU: MEGOLDÁS VAGY VÁLSÁGTÜNET?

Author(s): Dénes Tamás / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

The idea of crisis has already become part of the discourse regarding modernity since the second half of the 19th Century. This idea of crisis passes trough the entire 20th century, taking on various forms. The appearance of ecovillages is usually related to the perception of climate crisis, and indeed, ecovillages can also be seen as a response experiment to the negative effects of globalization. The present study overviews the solutions proposed to this crisis by ecovillages. The question is how we should look at these: as solutions or as symptoms of the crisis?

Die internationale Bildungs- und Begegnungsstätte Minsk - ein Zentrum für den west-östlichen Dialog / Минский международный Образовательно-Культурный Центр — Центр Диалога между Западом и Востоком

Author(s): Peter Junge-Wentrup / Language(s): German,Belarusian Publication Year: 0

Preserving and Balancing Ecosystems: Strategies to Mitigate Human-Elephant Conflict Through Law

Author(s): Tulishree Pradhan,Chinmayee Nanda,Diya Sarkar / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on addressing the issue of human-elephant conflict in India by implementing mitigation strategies, with a specific emphasis on Indian legislation. Human-elephant conflict is a significant problem in India as the shrinking habitats of elephants and the expansion of human settlements lead to encounters that pose risks to both humans and elephants. The paper provides an overview of the factors contributing to human-elephant conflict in India, such as habitat loss, encroachment, and resource competition. It then explores the legal framework related to wildlife conservation and protection in India, particularly highlighting the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 and relevant policies and guidelines. Various mitigation strategies are discussed to reduce human-elephant conflict, including habitat management and restoration, community participation and awareness, elephants' welfare and relocation, crop protection and compensation, and the use of early warning systems and technology. The study emphasizes the significance of Indian legislation, particularly the Wildlife Protection Act, in guiding and supporting these mitigation strategies. It acknowledges the challenges and limitations associated with their implementation and provides recommendations to enhance conflict mitigation efforts. By examining the intersection of human-elephant conflict and Indian legislation, this study contributes to a better understanding of the legal and policy framework for managing such conflicts. It provides valuable insights for policymakers, wildlife authorities, and conservation practitioners in developing effective strategies to mitigate human-elephant conflict in India.