We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The main purpose of the article is to describe the state of the art in using big data in official statistics. The article presents selected examples of how data from mobile operators, sensors, social media or scanners are used by national statistical offices. The authors also identify chances, challenges and risks related to the use of big data in the field of official statistics.
More...
The aim of this paper is to rethink three important issues that refer to Communes of the Polish People’s history. Firstly, it proposes a new understanding of organization frames, in which this group acted, using the Eric Hobsbawm’s term labour sects. Secondly, the intention is to undermine the understand-ing of the ideological development of this organization through the prism of theoretical activity of Stanisław Worcell and Zenon Świętosławski. In this case it proposes to show Communes of the Polish People in the context of changing of Polish political vocabulary in the 1830s and 1840s using the Rein-hardt Koselleck’s term Sattelzeit. In this case the most durable achievement of Communes is invention of the term “Poland of the People” (Polska Ludowa). And thirdly, the article shows that references to Communes became extinct in the 1880s, at the time of the twilight of Romanticism.
More...
Hungarian successes at the Winter and Summer Olympic games preceding 1945 have been linked in numerous cases to athletes who have been, at the same time, officers or sub-officers of the Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Army, respectively the Royal Hungarian Army. The reason for this close association between military and sports life lies in factors pertaining to military education and the various military education institutes, as well as the specific education of the military officers. Physical education and sports have always been an important part of military training in Hungary. During their preparation for military service, the recruits have gained proficiency not only in the so-called “military sports” (such as marksmanship, fencing and horse riding), but sports such as swimming or gymnastics have also played a major role in their military training.
More...
Portraying the recent civil war in Yemen simply as a sectarian clash between Zaidi Houthis and the Sunni central government or a proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran is overly simplistic. This explanation leaves out many other domestic and foreign actors as well as micro scale conflicts. Once regarded as “Arabia Felix” (Happy Arabia), Yemen gradually became infamous for its repeated insurgencies, coups and civil wars. Although it has never been easy to interpret the complex dynamics of Yemen’s problems, it can be argued that today’s multidimensional issues in Yemen mostly stem from various tribal aspirations and long-standing economic grievances. Economy is also a significant determinant behind foreign states’ participation or non-participation in the Yemeni crisis. In the end, it is terrorism, which feeds upon the disintegration of tribal system and economic plight, which are major concerns for both Sunnis and Shias alike.
More...
Borders, especially the political ones, have produced always very emotional oral stories. Based on personal experiences those stories affected not only the narrator and the people around him/her but usually passed to the second generation and even the third one. Political border between ex-Yugoslavia and Albania that “stood” there for less than fifty years and divided Kosovo Albanians from the other part of the nation, from after Second World War until early ‘90s, made that lives of many individuals and families be affected by that border. This “iron” border between two states, whose political relations were very heavy, reflected directly on lives of the people living in border area. These circumstances produced many personal and family histories, opening of which later gave light such stories. A personal history determined by this border is the story of an old lady from Albania who was married in Kosovo, just before they put the political border, and was very diffi-cult and almost impossible to meet her family in Albania for forty-two years. She got married, created family and raised her children in Kosovo (ex-Yugoslavia) without the right to visit her parents and brothers who remained in Albania. Her life was full of memories for her family, photos, handwriting correspondence with her brothers and lot of tears. Her children and even her grandchildren were raised with the memories of mother’s as well as grandmother’s family across the border. Through her personal narrative that I've recorded years ago, (she is deceased seven years ago), as well as stories of her daughter and granddaughter, I brought here an ex-ample of how memory is transmitted on generations. I presented this process by com-paring written historical facts with the recorded oral testimonies, based on theories of authors: Diane Bell, Astrid Erll and Maurice Halbwachs.
More...
For the collective memory a real challenge is an experience of the traumatic fact. Then it has to cope with a justified wish of oblivion and a repression of dramatic experiences as well as with a danger of imposing it, distorting or an attempt to seize and treat it in the utilitarian way. The group of victims of the construction disaster in Katowice in 2006 had to wrestle with the similar problems. This is a social environment of the fanciers and followers of pigeons who in particular during the first year after hall’s collapse had to consider their future, developing the collective perspective on the experienced tragedy and organizing the social imaginations about it. The article is an attempt to look at the public building of collective memory at that time by the social environment of pigeon fanciers on the grounds of a content analysis basing on the online publications in terms of the care for memories about the disaster and it forms of commemorating.
More...
After a long history, research on the relation between participative and communicative practices was revived in the late 1990s because of the proliferation of new media. New studies have taken into account both online and offline participation and the ability of new media to provide citizens with easier access to information and a broader repertoire of actions. In this article, which is based on a representative survey of the adult Czech population and a survey of Czech adolescents, we address participative and communicative practices as intertwined sets that are typically preferred by certain groups of citizens. As media-related and political practices usually vary due to generational and historical experience, the aim is to discover whether people with similar generational backgrounds and with similar repertoires of action manifest similar sets of communication practices, i.e. similar media ensembles. Hence, we build this study on the assumption that the political-and media-related agencies are structured by historical experience as well as by biographical experience linked with life-cycle phases. Using cluster analysis, we focus on the various participative and communicative practices employed by three distinct adult generational groups and by contemporary adolescents, all of whom experienced the process of socialization in their own specific historical contexts.
More...
The paper proposes an analysis of a phenomenon of mass demonstration in terms of a theory of communication and the dialogue grammar. The semiotic difference between “communication” and “demonstration” is taken into account. The operational concept of polilogue provides models of unilateral and multilateral interaction that can be estimated in their functional parameters. Mass demonstrations in Russia in 2011-2015 were examined as examples. The scheme of analysis is based on the Voloshinov-Bachtin’s model, issuing from the social event of speech interaction. Each mass demonstration reveals different social positioning of its participants. Polyphony and unison representing the united force in the general social position can be effective forms of action in mass demonstrations.
More...
The aim of paper is to show problem of putting social pressure on mothers to breastfeeding. The internet forum about terror lactation was analyzed. In research used qualitative analyses of context. The results of study had shown the ratio of mothers to breastfeed, forms of pressure on mothers and social groups which put this pressure. It was shown stereotypes which exist in virtual space about women and breastfeeding.
More...
Tekst stanowi fragment doktoratu Michaela Hardta Sztuka organizacji: źródła ontologii politycznej u Gilles’a Deleuze’a i Antonio Negriego. Autor analizuje w nim dialog, jaki Antonio Negri podejmuje z pismami Włodzimierza Lenina w okresie intensywnych walk społecznych i przekształceń składu klasowego we Włoszech w latach 1968-1973. Doszukując się w tym spotkaniu kluczowego zwrotu teoretycznego w myśli włoskiego marksisty, Hardt przekonuje, że to właśnie w tekstach rosyjskiego rewolucjonisty Negri odnalazł narzędzia pozwalające mu wyjść poza ograniczenia krytycznego marksizmu, uznającego klasę robotniczą przede wszystkim za obiekt wyzysku, przez uczynienie kwestii jej podmiotowości centralnym zagadnieniem i punktem wyjścia teorii.
More...
Current explorations of migration in fiction focus on innovative perspectives, linking memory and trauma with the concepts of exile and conflict. Personal memories ask for an understanding of what belonging and identity represent for the Irish; immigration has hybrid and fertile links to memory studies, psychology and psychoanalysis (Akhtar), making the immigrant both love and hate his new territory, while returning to the past or homeland to reflect and regain emotional balance. From the focus on ‘the sexy foreigner’ (Beltsiou), we rely on the idea of crisis discussed by León Grinberg and Rebeca Grinberg, Frank Summers’ examination of identity, the place of the modern polis and the variations of the narrative (Phillips), the trans-generational factor (Fitzgerald and Lambkin), the departure seen as an exile (Murray and Said) and the impact of guilt (Wills). Such views support an analysis of McGahern’s writing which works as a blend of memories and imagination, the writer highlighting dilemmas, success and failure as ongoing human threads. They are as diverse as the people met by the novelist in his youth, many of them being workers, nurses, entrepreneurs, teachers and writers, both young immigrants in search of a better life and migrants returning to spend their retirement or holidays home.
More...
The article presents the attitudes of Silesian students towards public affairs. At the beginning there is a concise description of the problem, with the presentation of the classical concepts of Hannah Arendt, Bruce Ackerman and Jürgen Habermas. The reader is confronted with the fundamental aspects of the definition of the term ‘public sphere’. It is understood as an institutional space in which the public may express their opinions or participate in organisations of public representation. Next, the author presents the conclusions from his Master dissertation, which depict students’ attitudes towards the public sphere. It turns out that the majority of the academic youth declared their interest in questions that exceed the area of their individual lives, yet their participation in the public sphere is at a very basic level.
More...
In her polemical article, the author argues with the thesis of Jakub Majmurek, who expects Polish cinema to tackle with the image of the Catholic church. It is being proven that such doctrinal disputes should never be the main purpose of film-making. The cinema, as free art, cannot be narrowed to ideological battlefield.
More...
The text, which is a shortened version of a master thesis, concerns the issue of how pop culture can lead to the formation and maintenance of social groups. The article opens with a brief description of the main terms used in the text - fan, Star Wars (Star Wars) and pop culture understood as an interaction. They are then set out prior to testing hypotheses, which are confronted with the statements of the respondents. The text ends with the statement that the study of the fans gives a better understanding of modern man, whose identity is formed partly under the influence of pop culture that surrounds it on all sides.
More...
Researchers point out media participation as a growing phenomenon among audiences, especially among young people in western societies. We broaden the gaze outside Europe to more global perspectives on their media participation, based on the Comparative Research on Youth Media Participation (2009-2011), in which we have been studying the audience activities of young people, explored with questionnaires, interviews and media diaries of 11–18 years old in Argentina, Egypt, Finland and India. In this article the statistical results from the survey are reflected with Nico Carpentier’s (2011) structuring four elements of media participation: identities as participatory subject positions in a communicative process; organizational structures supporting or declining the levels of participation; the available technology supporting or declining the participation process; and quality which the author relates to quality discourses in media production, including their participatory practices, aesthetics, performances, etc., which are based on the skills of the producer/ user. Based on this reflection, the article suggests a discursive differentiation of the aspects of youth media participation. Moreover, the study suggests emphasis on media and information literacies together with participatory activities in relation to the media and in the research on media participation from the user’s perspective.
More...
The review of/Prikaz: Teun van Dijk, “Discourse and Power”; Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2008
More...
The mass media are indispensable in electoral process, because they provide to their audience many pieces of information that can help them decide which political party they are going to support at the elections. It is therefore important for the media to have an impartial attitude towards the parties, and both to inform the public and present the candidates objectively. It is believed that the media in Serbia underwent different challenges and that they generally inform the public extensively about the progress of election campaigns. However, political and especially financial impact is often visible, leading to disorders of balance of media coverage. The last two election cycles in 2007 and 2008 are characterized by multiparty elections in Serbia being in the stage of its legal age. These two election campaigns were much more mature than the previous ones. In spite of many objections, these elections have shown evident progress in the election process in Serbia. Also, the general impression is that the conduct of the parties is more acceptable than in the so-called non-election days. However, if we take into account the overall electoral process in 2007 and 2008 we come to a conclusion that things are still not so simple. After the October changes, Serbia is constantly in election campaigns, turmoil is more frequent, and the formation of the government is more and more dramatic. The aim of this paper is to present the changes that have occurred in the last two decades when the voters went eight times to the polls in order to vote for their representatives in the National Assembly. Political parties, voters, media, electoral system and electoral strategy kept undergoing numerous changes. One-party system has become a multi-party one, and socialist system has become capitalist, social property has become private, and industrial society has changed into information society.
More...
Motives: Social resilience is increasingly attracting the interest of researchers and practitioners dueto the need to stabilize and adapt societies to new challenges. These challenges result from successivecrises, including pandemics. The answer lies in understanding, exploring, and building socialresilience.Aim: The theoretical aim of the article is to identify the components of social resilience based ona review of international literature. The empirical aim is to present a methodology and to examinesocial resilience based on a survey.Results: The results show that social resilience is determined by the resources and capital of individualsor households. Among them, social, human, financial and material capital should be distinguished.The surveyed respondents were characterized by high social resilience to the crisis caused by thepandemic due to their predominantly young age, good education, and extensive social contacts despitelimited financial and material resources.
More...
The aim of the article is to analyse rural social movements in Poland.The authors strive to analyse the identities, goals and methods by whichthese movements’ activists operate. They distinguish three periods of socialmobilisation. The first, covering the 1980s, was tied to the process of an activepolitical opposition taking shape in Poland; the next was the early 1990s, so thefirst years of the systemic transformation; and the third — the active involvementof rural social movements after 2015. The analysis presented here concerns aboveall the manner in which the farmers covered by the research perceive rural socialmovements and themselves, and takes into account the economic, political andsocial contexts. The authors strive to provide answers regarding whether andwhat social processes and events were of key significance for individual andcollective identity. They draw attention to the importances of global crises and their impact on strategies of social mobilisation and the respondents’ ways of reasoning.Aspects of interest to them include the generational differences and how they affectthe respondents’ perception of their involvement in protests, and the situationof such people as themselves. The conclusions from the analysis indicate thatthe local perspective is intermingling with the perspective confirming that ruralinhabitants are exposed to the influence of changing factors that transcend nationalborders.
More...
Our study aims to describe a computer-aided method of searching for conspiracy thinking inunstructured textual data. Collecting such data from the Internet usually involves using keywords to find relevantdocuments for further analysis. Although this step determines the results, many researchers select keywordsarbitrarily without evaluating their tools. We introduced a method of keyword expansion that combines wordembeddings and human cognitive abilities to identify potential keywords. In our study, we found that the relativelyinformed participants (N = 154) could not recall even a short list of relevant keywords, and the ones they selectedwere mostly useless in detecting conspiracy thinking. The designed Conspiracy Thinking Index performed betterin detecting conspiracy-related text in a large text corpus (≈ 1.1M tweets) than supervised machine learningalgorithms while remaining simple and transparent.
More...
