Barometru politic național: 27 noiembrie - 5 decembrie 2018

Author(s): Bruno Stefan / Language(s): Romanian

Survey conducted between November 27 and December 5, 2018 on a sample of 1087 people. He measured issues such as: union with the Republic of Moldova, special pensions, electronic voting, expectations from the European Union and MEPs, the perception of Prime Minister Viorica Dăncilă, confidence in political leaders, voting intentions, evaluation of the last four presidents of Romania.

Barometru politic național: 9-16 februarie 2019

Author(s): Bruno Stefan / Language(s): Romanian

Survey conducted between 9 and 16 February 2019 on a national sample of 1106 people. He measured the perception of the public health system in Romania, the trust in the national political leaders, the evaluation of Traian Băsescu, the appreciation of the parties, the voting intentions.

Basmacı İsyanı ve Sovyet-Afgan Sınır Anlaşmazlığı (1925-1926)

Author(s): Mehmet Erkan Kıllıoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2022

Afghanistan, bordering the Turkestan, has a priority in the foreign policy of the Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union. During the 19th century, Afghanistan witnessed the struggle for influence between Tsarist Russia and England. The parties agreed that Afghanistan should be a buffer zone so that this competition, called the Great Game, does not cause irreparable damage. However, the events experienced during this rivalry increased the sensitivity of Tsarist Russia against attacks from Turkistan and Kazakh Steppe in the south due to the absence of geographical barriers. Tsarist Russia left this legacy to its successor, the USSR. After the 1917 October Revolution, the Bolshevik administration in Turkestan was not accepted by the local population. A rebellion movement broke out against the Bolshevik administration, which was seen as an obstacle to the independence of the region. The Soviets, who did not want to lose Turkistan tried to end the Basmacı Rebellion quickly. During this revolt, the Basmachi’s attacked the Soviet targets in Turkestan and returned to Afghanistan after these attacks. For the Soviets ending this freedom movement was the primary goal. Therefore, the control of the border between the two countries has gained importance. However, due to the summer drought, the drying up of the Ceyhun and Penc Rivers and the merger of the Urtha Tugai Island on the Afghan coast made this control difficult. A serious crisis has emerged between the two countries. For the solution of the crisis, the Soviet’s asked Afghan State to end her support to Basmachis.

Betty Friedan, Jane Jacobs, Richard Sennett and the 1960s’ Challenge to the Suburban Era Mystique of Security and Order

Author(s): Piotr Skurowski / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2017

The paper examines and compares some of the 1960s’ most representative expressions of social critique: Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique, Jane Jacobs’s The Death and Life of Great American Cities and Richard Sennett’s The Uses of Disorder, in an attempt to demonstrate how each of those intellectuals, social critics and visionaries, in their own distinct way, called for a radical departure from the established notions of the social and spatial order amidst the growing public fears of insecurity stimulated by the rising crime rate, the spread of racism and xenophobia, and the continuing “white flight” to the suburbs.

Between Reality and Dream: Eastern European Media Transition, Transformation, Consolidation, and Integration

Author(s): Peter Gross / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2004

This article explores the progress made in the transition and transformation of Eastern Europe’s news media and the potential for their integration into the Western European media scene. Transformation and consolidation in Eastern European societies and in their media systems should not be pursued in the name of integration. For these societies, these processes have a raison d’etre of their own: reaching the stated desideratum of a bona fide democracy, which means a degree of sameness in the key aspects of their political culture; for the media, it means professionalization based on shared standards of journalism and media roles.

Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Saving the World: Practices and Narratives by the Falun Dafa Community in Bulgaria

Author(s): Aneliya Manova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

This paper presents a research case study that explores in depth the question of the function of conspiracy theories and their uses among a religious community during a Global Pandemic. Falun Dafa is a new religious movement that emerged in China and was banned by the Chinese Communist Party. Growing into a global community, it has nowadays followers in many countries, including Bulgaria. The movement’s complex doctrine includes visions of the impending destruction of humanity. Today, they serve as a well-prepared coping mechanism to deal with the crisis, having set their apocalyptic expectations long before the advent of COVID-19. Based on years of observation of the community in Bulgaria, I explore how the conspiracy narratives, underlying this movement, help to reassure and restore psychological balance among followers and how the conspiratorial attitudes get stabilized in such situation of Global Crisis.

Bezpieczeństwo imprez masowych.

Author(s): Jerzy Zawisza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

Security is one of the most important needs of man since the immemorial times. At the moment, one of the areas of security is the security of mass events which regularly take place in many countries of the world. Poland is no exception in this area, in which each year these events come, they are sports, concerts, organized demonstrations, etc. As shown by the Polish experience of previous years and the experience of other countries in this regard, mass events are characterized by a multitude of people among the participants involve a number of risks, both for the participants and for those responsible for their safety. An important role is played by the organizers of these events, as well as state authorities responsible for the supervision and control resulting from the provisions of the law.

Bieżące dyskusje na temat różnorodnych barier biologicznych, kulturowych i psychospołecznych wobec karmienia piersią w społeczeństwie współczesnym

Author(s): Elizabeth Ping / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Breastfeeding provides good-quality nutrition for babies and can be very beneficial for both mom and baby. However, modern women face many challenges in breastfeeding their babies that can be attributed to today’s ever-evolving cultural and psycho-social underpinnings. These multiple barriers to breastfeeding in today’s society hinder women from developing a good breastfeeding relationship with their babies. The various factors that prohibit initiation and prolonged breastfeeding however can be counteracted by examining the barriers to breastfeeding and finding reasonable methods for resolving the challenges. Twenty-first century women who desire to breastfeed can be successful at achieving their breastfeeding goals with greater support by society and by having more confidence in themselves.

Big data w statystyce publicznej – nadzieje, osiągnięcia, wyzwania i zagrożenia

Author(s): Maciej Beręsewicz,Marcin Szymkowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2015

The main purpose of the article is to describe the state of the art in using big data in official statistics. The article presents selected examples of how data from mobile operators, sensors, social media or scanners are used by national statistical offices. The authors also identify chances, challenges and risks related to the use of big data in the field of official statistics.

Błędy poznawcze i nadmierny optymizm na rynku kapitałowym

Author(s): Radosław Pastusiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9.1/2016

Psychology began in finance play a significant role for about 30 years. Since then, scientists have once again described the nature of many phenomena that have psychological, and so far have been described classically leaves only. The literature has identified a number of cognitive biases and shortcuts or heuristics thinking. They have a large impact on the financial decisions of man. The capital market is a place where objectivity is very desirable, but here it become apparent almost all cognitive bias, led by the excessive optimism, often called overoptymizmem. Man optimistic thinking in economics, is a person thinking unreal, viewing the world through rose-colored glasses, a person who does not take objective decisions, but assumes that reality for her work out to be statistically better than other people. We want to be optimistic, even in the financial market, because from this perspective the world seems to be easier to accept.

Bo źle złożyłem tapczan u teściów. Przemoc domowa wobec mężczyzn

Author(s): Diana Karwowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2012

In 1977, appeared a new term, „battered husband syndrome”. Still little is said about wives/partners-oppressors. An additional problem is that ladies often apply the „invisible” psychological violence. Quite significantly failed to sensitize public opinion on the phenomenon of violence against women and children, but also perpetuated the image of man as the only possible offender. Husband/partner is usually the victim of jokes and the object of pity. My analysis is focused on newspaper articles and cabaret work. I wonder also on differences in the situation of victims of both sexes.

Bohemians, Vagabonds, and Wanderers of the “Ragged Promised Land” in Jack Kerouac’s On the Road

Author(s): Daria Anna Urbańska / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2018

The article focuses on the journey into the “ragged promised land” (80) in On the Road. It can be seen as an escape of the main protagonist Sal Paradise from his roots and from the conformity of American society. Kerouac, having a Franco-Canadian heritage, presents a marginal possibility of heterogeneity in a homogenous postwar America. The author depicts additional mentors and heroes met along the way. They are, among others, tramps and hoboes, ragged wanderers and the Fellahin of Mexico, as well as Sal’s travel companion Dean Moriarty. Sal experiences something true and meaningful among those living on the margin of society. He travels considerable distances: from coast to coast across the United States, from boarder to boarder and to Mexico. The real journey, though, is inward, a passage through the wilderness of the self, the true “ragged promised land”.

Bolek i Lolek: od widowni dziecięcej do systemu rozrywkowego. Rekonesans badawczy

Author(s): Piotr Sitarski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2018

The paper examines the Polish television series Bolek and Lolek (1963 – 1986) and discusses its growth into an entertainment supersystem as defined in Marsha Kinder’s Playing with Power in Movies, Television, and Video Games. Modes of image circulation of the system are described as well as various modes of addressing the audience and expanding it to include various groups of older viewers. Special attention is paid to numerous toys and other objects produced within the system by the socialist state media industry but also by small private companies and individual fans.

Book Review: Mental Health in the Digital Age: Grave Dangers, Great Promise

Author(s): Agnes Zsila / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The review of: „Mental Health in the Digital Age: Grave Dangers, Great Promise“ by Elias Aboujaoude and Vladan Starcevic (Eds.); Oxford University Press: New York, NY, 2015, 277 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-938018-3

Book Review: The Wiley Handbook of Psychology, Technology, and Society

Author(s): Fanni Bányai / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The review of: „The Wiley Handbook of Psychology, Technology, and Society“ by Larry D. Rosen, Nancy A. Cheever and L. Mark Carrier (Eds.); John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK, 2015, 1st ed., 592 pp. Hardback ISBN: 978-1-118-77202-7

Borba za život nevakcinisanih

Author(s): Dhruv Khullar / Language(s): Serbian

Pred kraj Prvog svetskog rata, Ferdinand Foch, vrhovni zapovednik savezničkih snaga, odbio je primirje koje je zatražila Nemačka. Zaraćene strane su aktivno pregovarale o sklapanju mira i bilo je jasno da se rat bliži kraju. Pregovori su se ipak nastavili još nekoliko dana; između Fochovog odbijanja, 8. novembra 1918, i potpisivanja mira, 11. novembra u 11 sati pre podne, poginulo je bezmalo 7.000 ljudi i više hiljada je ranjeno. Vest da će rat biti okončan u 11 sati pre podne tog dana odmah je preneta i saveznim zapovednicima i zapovednicima sila osovine. Ipak, kao što je Adam Hochschild detaljno opisao u eseju za The New Yorker iz 2018, borbe su se nastavile: poslednji dan Prvog svetskog rata odneo je više života nego čuveni dan D 1944. Poslednji Amerikanac stradao u borbi umro je u 10 sati i 59 minuta pre podne.

Bosna i Hercegovina – Država ili bauk pravne države

Author(s): Duško Vejnović,Vladimir Stojanović,Boris Trivanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 20/2020

In Bosnia and Herzegovina (furthermore: B&H), as a state with a complex state organization, the opposing and particular national and social interests that exclude unity and social compromise are dominant. Such a state of society is significantly contributed by political parties in B&H, whose activities do not lead to a change in social conditions, but are exclusively aimed at struggle for votes and gaining power in order to achieve their own particular interests. If “parity democracy”, which is a distinctive feature of the political system in B&H as a specific form of pluralistic democracy in which the focus is on the group and not on the individual citizen, is applied as the only form of democracy in a society and state, then there is a real danger that individuals and the narrow groups usurp power and figure as the only “protectors” of the national interest, which is significantly influenced by the deficit of democratic tradition and the low level of education of the population in B&H. Consequence of the parity principle of decision-making in institutions of B&H is that national sovereignty is placed above people’s sovereignty, i.e. it leads to strengthening the power of national elites, therefore it is necessary to establish an appropriate balance between parity decision-making and majority decision-making in a manner that protects the rational functioning of the system, but at the same time eliminates any possibility of majorization. Establishing such a balance is significantly hampered by national and religious divisions, which are very pronounced in B&H, and the presence of such political and cultural divisions is an obstacle to the creation and functioning of civil society. One of the dominant factors slowing down the integration processes in B&H is the populist model of public policy, which implies a change of government institutions through democratic elections, and the removal of all institutional democratic restrictions on their rule after gaining power on the basis of “democratic electoral legitimacy”. B&H needs a high degree of political socialization in order to build unity and common goals, and to promote integration processes.

Bosnia and Herzegovina – State, or a Specter for Shady Business

Author(s): Duško Vejnović,Vladimir Stojanović,Boris Trivanović / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2020

In Bosnia and Herzegovina (furthermore: B&H), as a state with a complex state organization, the opposing and particular national and social interests that exclude unity and social compromise are dominant. Such a state of society is significantly contributed by political parties in B&H, whose activities do not lead to a change in social conditions, but are exclusively aimed at struggle for votes and gaining power in order to achieve their own particular interests. If “parity democracy”, which is a distinctive feature of the political system in B&H as a specific form of pluralistic democracy in which the focus is on the group and not on the individual citizen, is applied as the only form of democracy in a society and state, then there is a real danger that individuals and the narrow groups usurp power and figure as the only “protectors” of the national interest, which is significantly influenced by the deficit of democratic tradition and the low level of education of the population in B&H. Consequence of the parity principle of decision-making in institutions of B&H is that national sovereignty is placed above people’s sovereignty, i.e. it leads to strengthening the power of national elites, therefore it is necessary to establish an appropriate balance between parity decision-making and majority decision-making in a manner that protects the rational functioning of the system, but at the same time eliminates any possibility of majorization. Establishing such a balance is significantly hampered by national and religious divisions, which are very pronounced in B&H, and the presence of such political and cultural divisions is an obstacle to the creation and functioning of civil society. One of the dominant factors slowing down the integration processes in B&H is the populist model of public policy, which implies a change of government institutions through democratic elections, and the removal of all institutional democratic restrictions on their rule after gaining power on the basis of “democratic electoral legitimacy”. B&H needs a high degree of political socialization in order to build unity and common goals, and to promote integration processes.

BRZYDKIE SŁOWA, BRUDNY DŹWIĘK

MUZYKA JAKO PRZEKAZ KSZTAŁTUJĄCY STYL ŻYCIA SUBKULTUR MŁODZIEŻOWYCH

Author(s): Michał Jan Lutostański / Language(s): Polish

Punk’s not dead. Stare hasło, które pamiętam z koncertów sprzed trzydziestu lat, powraca echem, gdy czytam książkę doktora Michała Jana Lutostańskiego. Przy czym zawołanie to odnosi się nie tylko do punk rocka, lecz także subkultur młodzieżowych jako takich. Książka Lutostańskiego była dla mnie podróżą sentymentalną, przywołującą z pamięci to i owo. W kulturze, która zwykła traktować to, co zdarzyło się przed pięciu laty, jak zamierzchłą, paleolityczną niemal przeszłość, jest to cenne i znaczące. Po prostu.

Bulletin of Electoral Statistics and Public Opinion Research Data

Author(s): Andrew Arato,Sharon Cooley,Justyna Duriasz,Jan Gross,Barbara Heyns,Tibor Mezei,Jozef Pinior / Language(s): English Issue: 02/1994

In this issue of the Bulletin we provide statistics for the September 19, 1993, elections in Poland, as well as selected findings from post-election polls of the electorate. We also include a brief commentary and public opinion data about the shaping of voter preferences and the likely outcome of the forthcoming elections in Hungary. The September elections in Poland resulted in a significant shift to the. left. An electoral coalition led by a post-Communist successor party to the PUWP, including among its leaders some of the most prominent personalities of the pre-1989 Jaruzelski regime, received a plurality of electoral votes. Its popular support was twice as large as that of the most attractive of the parties with roots in Solidarity-the Democratic Union. Second place was awarded by the electorate to yet another successor party of the Ancien Regime, the Peasant party. This result meant the return to power of an alliance of post-Communist parties. [...]