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Личностные особенности одиноких женщин, обращающихся за психологической помощью

Author(s): N.A. Tsvetkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2014

It raises issues of female loneliness of modern Russians; defines the concept of "women's loneliness"; examines personality traits of single women seeking psychological help; types of women are allocated to the problem of female loneliness; the results of factor analysis of the causes of female loneliness; It offered an explanation of the causes of female loneliness in modern Russia; defined strategy counseling women experiencing a situation lack of men for stable love relationships as a problem.

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Гендерные аспекты неформальных трудовых отношений в современных российских организациях

Author(s): C.Y. Yurievna / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2014

The article studies the problem of informal labor relations in modern Russian organizations and its gender aspects. On the base of the research the author analyzes the facts influencing the emergence and spreading of relations of this kind. The conclusion is made that women are more precautious than men when entering informal relations, but are more responsible when dealing with informal commitments. The main reasons for such behavior are that they don't feel protected by formal laws, and also gentleness and trustfulness often peculiar to woman's nature.

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Zachowania patologiczne z perspektywy przeżyć i doświadczeń sprawcy

Author(s): Grzegorz Kudlak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The effects and social determinants of pathological behaviors seem to have been widely described and constitute the primary motivation for penal and social rehabilitation interventions aimed mainly at protecting the social interest and welfare from threatening individuals or groups. The question of harm and suffering experienced by the perpetrator (perpetrators) seems rather con¬troversial. This paper is an attempt at analyzing selected aspects of social pathology from the perspective of an individual, who is its subject, the perpetrator but also, to some extent, the main victim of his/her own actions. These dimensions comprise a psychosociological, ethical and transcendental perspective of the discussed phenomenon, respectively corresponding to the role of mental and social mechanisms, values, and spirituality of the offender.

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„Kawałek niezafałszowanej przyrody”. Analiza retoryki dietetyki zwierzęcej

Author(s): Justyna Schollenberger / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2014

The article presents an analysis of textual and iconographic narration of the BARF pet diet based on raw meat and bones. The main assumption of BARF is that such diet is “natural”. The problem arises when we ask about the criteria of naturalness with reference to domestic cats and dogs. A praise of pets as natural carnivores and predators and eulogy of their joy of eating bloody meat could be seen as a potential praise of the wild opposed to the social. It is nevertheless softened by highly narrativized diet discourse. Rapacity and carnivorousness is limited here only to the pet’s diet and it doesn’t include social needs and behaviours. BARF diet supporters could be seen also as food activists as they oppose to the politics of great pet food companies. Highly processed commercial meat food is opposed here to the wholesome raw meat. One can see that the project of the “return to nature” provided by caring owners feeding their pets with bloody meat chunks is mediated here by cultural context. In the article I analyse the rethoric of such “return to nature” with reference to Lévi‑Strauss, Lorenz, Belasco, Haraway.

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Ludzkie marionetki w krwistym teatrze. Mięso w filmach pełnometrażowych Jana Švankmajera

Author(s): Marta Maciejewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2014

Due to some of his short animated films, Jan Švankmajer became known as a filmmaker presenting food – including meat – in an oppressive way (e.g. in Meat Love and Food). In these productions it is an embodiment of a human being who undergoes unavoidable destruction and break‑up, and – as a piece of meat – lacks subjectivity. In his full‑length films the director continues this way of presenting human fate; moreover, just in the full‑length productions meat, which before was episodic and showed only in a few Švankmajer’s short animations, became a motif that often comes back in his works and connects them. What is also important, because of the fact that Švankmajer’s films became longer, the meat motif can be explored more: in Little Otik the idea of ‘human as meat’ becomes clearer from scene to scene, when we observe the main character devouring people. In other film, Lunacy, scenes starred by actors are crossed with animated fragments showing living meat pieces that comment action and protagonists’ behaviour. In this text both ways of presenting meat in the Czech director’s films and strategies they undergo are presented.

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EMOTIONAL CONTENT EXTRACTION AND COMPETITION FOR ATTENTIONAL RESOURCES IN HUMAN VISUAL CORTEX

Author(s): Matthias M. Müller,Valeria Dmitriyevna Bekhtereva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

In our visual environment, emotional stimuli play an important role. They provide pivotal information about potential danger or threat that trigger defensive actions, or, conversely, prompt approach behaviour when confronted with pleasant and appetitive stimuli. A long lasting debate revolves around the question as to whether emotional stimuli have the potential to attract attention involuntarily, and thus, bias attentional resources in their favour in order to gain preferential stimulus processing. Furthermore, it is not yet known to what extent that competition for processing resources relies on higher-order cognitive processes, such as the extraction of the emotional content of a certain image. In a series of four electrophysiological studies that we review here, we aimed to investigate to what degree attentional resource allocation towards emotional stimuli is linked to the higher-order process of emotional cue extraction. Our results strongly indicated that the speed at which emotional cue extraction can be performed influences the latency of the attentional resource bias in early visual cortex. Moreover, affective images are required to be displayed for sufficient time that allows for emotional content identification, in order to result in neural facilitation for emotional compared to neutral images in early visual areas of the human brain. The present findings open further insights into affective stimulus processing speed and highlight frequency tagging technique that allows extracting the so-called steady-state visual evoked potential as a powerful tool in investigating neural dynamics in visual cortex activity.

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ФОРМАЛЬНО-ЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ МЫШЛЕНИЕ ДОШКОЛЬНИКОВ ПРИ РАЗНОМ УРОВНЕ КУЛЬТУРНОЙ КОНГРУЭНТНОСТИ

Author(s): Larisa Faritovna Bayanova,Timur Ravilevich Mustafin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2015

The results of the empirical research on the specifics of formal and logical thinking of preschoolers with different levels of cultural congruence are discussed in the paper. Using the methods for assessment of formal and logical thinking, it is found that children with the high level of cultural congruence (i.e., complying with rules in the normative situation) are characterized by the high level of formal and logical thinking. The levels of generalization and establishment of the cause-and-effect relationships as indicators of formal and logical thinking in preschoolers appear to be positively correlated with their cultural congruence.

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BOŞANMIŞ ERKEKLERİN YAŞAMIŞ OLDUKLARI PSİKO-SOSYAL SORUNLAR

Author(s): Sefa Bulut,Samettin Gündüz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

Divorce is considered as form a finalization of the family life. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review about divorced man’s psycho-social problems. One of the main problems appeared that divorced fathers have difficulties to see their children and maintain their relationships. The mothers, who has the custody of their children, hinders and cause problems in order to not show the children to their fathers. Even sometimes mothers moves out of the city to punish the fathers and stop the father-child relationship and communication. This cause a serious of multiple problems for fathers as well as children. By keeping the fathers away, the mothers also punishes their children. Thus, this may cause some serious social and psychological problems for children in the long term. Children who grow up in tense and aggressive environments tends to show behavioral and emotional problems. The same thing is also true for the fathers. Fathers are not immune of psychological problems. They also have to take the negative consequences of the divorce. They have to deal with the social stigma and psychological aftereffects of the divorce. On the other hand, on the contrary of the popular belief, the research showed that the father who has received the custody of their children, were also able to take care of their children and provide quality of life for their children as much as their mother or even better than them.

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ODWIEDZINY W CENTRACH HANDLOWYCH ZMIANY W STRUKTURZE CELÓW I PREFERENCJI KONSUMENCKICH

Author(s): Marcin Gąsior / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2015

The purpose of the paper is to present the selected results of the research of consumers’ attitudes towards visiting shopping centers. The aforementioned attitudes have been expressed by the hierarchy of goals being achieved during a visit, and by a set of variables representing consumer’s preferred shopping conditions. Thanks to the possibility to repeat the research two times, in two consecutive years, it was possible to introduce several hypotheses about the expected changes in aims and attitudes towards discussed activities.

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IDEA FAIR TRADE. W KIERUNKU ODPOWIEDZIALNEJ KONSUMPCJI

Author(s): Katarzyna Wasilik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2015

By consciously choosing to buy products, which fulfill the Fair Trade principles, consumers indirectly influence an improvement of the working and living conditions of people involved in the making of such products and contribute to the development of a more honest trade. The paper provides an analysis of the Fair Trade idea, which is one of the forms of responsible consumer behavior. The paper contains a review of literature on the subject and includes references to recent research results concerning responsible consumption and the idea of Fair Trade.

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GENDER MARKETING W ŚWIADOMOŚCI WYBRANEJ GRUPY MŁODYCH KONSUMENTÓW NA PODSTAWIE BADAŃ

Author(s): Anna Niedzielska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2015

The problem of gender has become the topic of heated argument recently. It determines paying attention to gender marketing issue interpreted as a message created according to communication codes preferred by each sex. The fundamental objective of the paper is to refer to the above-mentioned matter and present the results of the research carried among young customers concerning their awareness of gender marketing concept and activities undertaken within its scope.

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SENIORZY JAKO SEGMENT KONSUMENCKI W USŁUGACH GASTRONOMICZNYCH

Author(s): Romuald Zabrocki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2015

The paper presents specificity and significance of seniors as an essential segment on the market, including the market of nutritional services. It emphasizes the social role and an increase in significance of gastronomic services for this target audience. The research results describe attitudes and behaviors of elderly people on the gastronomy market. They show an increase in significance of nutritional services in the life of the considered population. In spite of this situation, however, the adaptation of the Polish gastronomy to the needs and expectations of elderly people is not satisfactory. Treating this consumer segment in a marginal way by services providers, when there is an increasing tendency in society aging, seems to be a serious mistake from both the strategic and marketing point of view.

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ZACHOWANIA POLSKICH I ANGIELSKICH KONSUMENTÓW NA RYNKU HERBATY

Author(s): Przemysław Dmowski,Maria Śmiechowska,Anna Dąbrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2015

The purpose of this paper was to determine the behaviors of Polish consumers (the citizens of Tricity [cities of Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot] and English consumers (citizens of London) on the tea market. The research was conducted in 2014 with the use of auditorium survey in London and the Tricity on the group of 247 respondents. Despite of the fact, that over the last decades there have been large changes in the European consumer behavior, the tea market can be considered very stable, and the tea consumers' behavior did not change significantly. The most popular kind of tea among consumers from London and Tricity is still the black tea. Tea consumption increased especially among young consumers in the segment of sachet tea. The consumers from Tricity often consume green tea, mainly for health reasons.

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AMBIENT MARKETING JAKO INNOWACYJNA FORMA KOMUNIKACJI Z KLIENTEM

Author(s): Włodzimierz Deluga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 39/2015

Marketing, like other sciences, has developed significantly in recent years. New techniques, continuously evolving styles of mix marketing composition and ongoing research have given rise to the creation of innovative marketing trends. They enable companies to reach more and more effectively the target groups with their products and they make that their message is received in a deliberate and effective way. Entrepreneurs, looking for new and revolutionary ways to reach customers, more and more often use the ambient marketing in the elaboration of competitive advantage. On the basis of primary researches' results, it was found that unconventional and original forms of customer interaction can produce positive results in reinforcing the brand’s position in a competitive market.

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KLUCZOWE PROCESY MARKETINGOWE I ICH ROLA W KANALE MARKETINGOWYM

Author(s): Stanisław Skowron / Language(s): Polish Issue: 39/2015

The paper is the voice in the discussion about the concept of marketing system as the market environment in which the customer value is being shaped. The assumptions of marketing system based on the triad: producer – customer – organizer of the market are presented on the basis of the criticism of the classic concept of marketing as well as the practice of aggressive behavioral marketing backed up with modern information technologies. In this environment some essential processes creating and agreeing on the value, affecting direction of innovative and business activity of the producer are taking place.

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İÇSEL PAZARLAMA UYGULAMALARININ HİZMET KALİTESİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL VATANDAŞLIK DAVRANIŞININ ARACILIK ROLÜ

Author(s): Neşe Çullu Kaygisiz,Duygu Eren,Eda Özgül Katlav / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of organizational citizenship behaviors on the relationship between internal marketing and services quality. The sample of this study involves 221 employees who study in the four and five star hotels in Nevşehir. A questionnaire from used for data collection and a total of 221 employees completed the form. For the analysis of data, hierarchical regression were used. As a result of the mediating role of organizational citizenship behaviors has been determined the relationship between internal marketing and service quality.

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DOES BUYING BEHAVIOUR AFFECT HOW PERSUASIVE CERTAIN MARKETING COMMUNICATION TOOLS ARE? CASE OF CZECH SINGLE-LIVING CONSUMERS.

Author(s): Martin Klepek,Kateřina Matušínská / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2/2015

The aim of this paper is to describe relations between reported buying behaviour among Czech singles and their admitted influence of specific marketing communication tools on their purchase decision process. This study involved a quantitative research where 702 single living persons with own income participated in self-administrated questionnaire. Data was obtained through two independent online panels. We used Chi-square to process the data and determine which type of 3 buying behaviour significantly affects attitudes towards 8 specific marketing communication tools. We found 12 cases where marketing communication influence differs according to stated behaviour characteristics.

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NEGATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Author(s): Jana Rybanská,Ingrida Košičiarová,Ľudmila Nagyová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2/2015

Nowadays, we already know what a huge impact the digitalisation of society has on our lives. Similarly, we know several keys to reveal processes of consumer behaviour and decision-making. If we want to understand how consumers make decisions on the digital market, firstly, we have to understand consumer himself – consumer as an emotional human being with specific emotions and needs. The main aim of this paper is to point out especially negative psychological aspects of digital marketing and digital environment itself. Like on the market of products and services, on the digital markets consumers meet the same tools of marketing communication but in different forms. During the research, consumers assessed selected tools of marketing communication, mainly e-commercial in different forms. Despite the known high effectiveness of e-commercial, we revealed many negatives and dangers of this tool in the digital environment. Digital commercials, especially pop-ups, evoke considerably negative emotions. We also found out that the consumer´s personality is the significant predictor of consumer reactions on the digital market. It is shown that the digital environment brings not only advantages but also new problems, mistrust, stress and aversion of consumers.

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Skala preferencji tradycyjnej vs. nowoczesnej roli kobiety w społeczeństwie: konstrukcja i walidacja

Author(s): Mirosław Kofta,Wiktor Soral,Zuzanna Kwiatkowska,Sylwia Kapusta,Małgorzata Mikołajczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 39/2016

A new measure of preference for traditional vs. modern role of a woman in the society was developed with Polish female university students as participants. A 16-item scale was selected in a principal component analysis from the list of 65 normative statements describing desirable features of woman’s character and behavior. Eight items formed the traditional role sub-scale, the remaining items formed the modern role sub-scale. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a better fit of the two-dimensional (with separate sub-scales for the acceptance of the traditional vs. modern role) than the one-dimensional solution (one bi-polar scale). The new scale showed acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0,76 for the traditional role, and 0,74 for the modern role). As predicted, acceptance of the traditional role correlated strongly with traditional and benevolent sexism (the latter including, two additional dimensions: maternity and aesthetics). The modern role subscale appeared to be a reliable predictor (much better than the traditional role, with weak negativeimpact) of the acceptance of pro-choice statements, as well as of support for free access to contraceptives and sexual education. Overall, the new scale shows satisfactory reliability and seems to be a promising instrument for measuring the content of female social identity.

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Prężność osobowości i jej rola w procesach radzenia sobie ze stresem

Author(s): Adam Falewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2016

This article is an attempt to show the sources and ways of understanding resiliency in the field of psychology. Firstly there are shown various approaches of understanding resiliency. Subsequently paper presents a distinction between resiliency (as a personality trait) and resilience (as a process). Following part gives a description of a resilient personality. Finally resiliency is shown as a resource for coping.

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