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Digital era: from mass media towards a mass of media

Digital era: from mass media towards a mass of media

Author(s): Žygintas Pečiulis / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

We live in a digital era, which can be described in various aspects: the digitalization of analogue information storage, the emergence of web society, the replacement of the vertical mass communication model with horizontal social networks, the decrease in the influence of traditional media. The article deals with the main characteristics of the digital era: interactivity, momentariness, hypertextuality, and convergence. The discussion of social network phenomenon and traditional media crisis serves in revealing the following relevant issues of the information space: the information content creation, dissemination, economic models, and changes in consumer behaviour. The oppositions between information reliability, freedom of speech, sociability and individuality are highlighted.

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Socialinių judėjimų sampratos kaita

Socialinių judėjimų sampratos kaita

Author(s): Gintarė Žukaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 2/2016

This is a theoretical article in which the change of social movement’s concept is analyzed. In scientific literature there is no single definition of social movements. Interpretation of social movements depends on social movement theories as well as on political and social circumstances. In this article different concepts of social movements are discussed and compared. Four main theories and how they see the role of social movements are analyzed – Collective Behavior, Resource Mobilization, Political Process and New Social Movement theories. After analyzing different authors, the main conclusion is drawn. It became apparent that understanding of social movements could be divided into European and American schools. The European school might be also divided into the old one (Marxism) and the new one (New Social Movement Theory). The same should be applied to the American school which is divided between Collective Behavior and Resource Mobilization as well as Political Process theories.

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Vyresnio amžiaus žmonių mitybos nuostatos ir praktikos – prielaida stratifikacijai pagal amžių?

Vyresnio amžiaus žmonių mitybos nuostatos ir praktikos – prielaida stratifikacijai pagal amžių?

Author(s): Sarmitė Mikulionienė,Gražina Rapolienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 2/2016

Often we are opposing older people to younger ones; we are talking about a generational gap, even a generational conflict. Age distinctions are constructed by different behaviour and attitudes. In the paper, nutritional habits (attitudes and practices) are regarded as one of potential means to categorize older generation. The paper has a dual goal: 1) to examine what are nutritional attitudes and practices of older people compared to younger ones; What (if) divides more younger and older generations- different nutritional attitudes or different practices? 2) to disclose whether the differences between older and younger people’s nutrition attitudes and practices make assumptions for their stratification by age? The research methods applied are the analysis of scholarly literature and of empirical data collected by the market research company TNS LT in a representative quantitative survey (N = 1,874, the age of respondents 15–74 years) carried out in 2012. The analysis of the nutrition habits of Lithuanian population by age showed that one third of the nutrition habits (6 out of 15 statements) unite older and younger people into one single group, since no statistically significant differences between these groups were found. The remaining two thirds of the studied nutrition habits (9 out of 15 statements) showed statistically significant differences between younger and older population’s nutrition attitudes and practices.

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Judėjimo negalią turintis paauglys šeimos socialiniame lauke

Judėjimo negalią turintis paauglys šeimos socialiniame lauke

Author(s): Arvydas Virgilijus Matulionis,Jurgita Subačiūtė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 2/2016

The family, to which a teenager with motor disability belongs, is often accompanied by internal changes and personal experiences. Motor disability of a teenager is a common factor affecting parents’ as a couple’s personal relationships, career development, family leisure, as well as economic, social, cultural and symbolic capital development. According to the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory, field and habitus concepts, the article from the sociological point of view analyses adolescence touched by motor disability and teenager’s habitus formation. Attention is paid to a teenager with motor disability and the challenges emerging to his family in the family social field.

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ПСЕВДОСОВЕТСКИЙ ОБЩЕПИТ КАК ИМПЕРИЯ ЗНАКОВ: СИСТЕМНО-СЕМИОТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ. ЧАСТЬ 1. АРТЕФАКТЫ

ПСЕВДОСОВЕТСКИЙ ОБЩЕПИТ КАК ИМПЕРИЯ ЗНАКОВ: СИСТЕМНО-СЕМИОТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ. ЧАСТЬ 1. АРТЕФАКТЫ

Author(s): Mikhail Yur'yevich Timofeev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2012

Russian conceptual public canteens, which are thematically connected to the phenomenon of sovietness, are considered in this article. The role of authentic things and visual messages, which are used as symbols to construct the image of soviet public canteens, are analyzed in the paper

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ЛИЧНОЕ В ОБЩИХ ПРОСТРАНСТВАХ: МОБИЛЬНЫЕ КОММУНИКАЦИИ В ПУБЛИЧНЫХ МЕСТАХ

ЛИЧНОЕ В ОБЩИХ ПРОСТРАНСТВАХ: МОБИЛЬНЫЕ КОММУНИКАЦИИ В ПУБЛИЧНЫХ МЕСТАХ

Author(s): Alla A. Petrenko-Lysak / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The phenomenon of "forced overhearing" is considered in the article. The author analyzes the communicative processes of mobile phones use, leading to the transformation or blurring of boundaries of private and public dimensions. The value and nature of public/common/social spaces and features of modern people’s behaviour are studied in the situations when there is a need or a wish for a mobile phone talk. The author describes the concepts of ethics of indifference and mobile etiquette.

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ЛЮБОВНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕСВОБОДЫ (ФРАГМЕНТЫ ЧАСТНОЙ ЖИЗНИ В АРХИВНЫХ ИСТОЧНИКАХ ПЕРИОДА ДАЛЬСТРОЯ)

ЛЮБОВНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕСВОБОДЫ (ФРАГМЕНТЫ ЧАСТНОЙ ЖИЗНИ В АРХИВНЫХ ИСТОЧНИКАХ ПЕРИОДА ДАЛЬСТРОЯ)

Author(s): L.N. Khakhovskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2014

The paper contains the study of privacy, describes love feelings and emotions of people in the conditions of the Kolyma prison. Love relationships between free people and prisoners of Sevvostlag (late 1940s.) are considered on the base of archival sources. The strict ideological control over personal feelings of members of the CPSU(b) and the deliberate shift of their life priorities are shown.

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ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОМЕДИЙ ЕКАТЕРИНЫ II В СВЕТЕ ТЕОРИИ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ

Author(s): Alena Yuryevna Nikitina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

In this article, the specificity of the linguistic personality of Catherine II is analyzed using her comedies as a case study. The originality of the language and verbal behavior of the Empress is identified. The selection and use of lexical and grammatical means are characterized. The features of literary and conversational styles and author's individual elements are distinguished. Specific grammatical and stylistic peculiarities are revealed such as closeness to conversational speech, linguistic creativity, unusual collocation of words, and metaphorization. A conclusion on a natural combination of the elements of conversational and literary styles in the works of the Empress is made.

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Military culture: Understanding deeper dynamics through the warrior archetype

Military culture: Understanding deeper dynamics through the warrior archetype

Author(s): Eric Ouellet / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2024

This paper proposes a new psycho-sociological approach to understanding military culture change, built on the notion of warrior archetype, in line with psychiatrist Carl Jung’s concept of archetype. It contends that military culture and its related institutional forms fundamentally seek to mobilize on an ongoing basis human energy produced through the activation of the warrior archetype. The archetype is built on enhancing feelings of strength in numbers, and empowerment through socially sanctioned actions and potential use of violence. It uses the example of the Canadian Armed Forces culture change effort to illustrate that any such planned organizational culture change will fail if it does not remain consistent with activating the warrior archetype, as its central dynamic and purpose.

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Poremećaji u ponašanju: faktori rizika iz školskog konteksta

Poremećaji u ponašanju: faktori rizika iz školskog konteksta

Author(s): Selma Kulo,Sibela Zvizdić Meco / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2020

Children’s behavior is the result of a dynamic relationship that exists between the personal characteristics of the child and his environment, which is interwoven with the action of many risk and protective factors. Thanks to a large number of empirical papers to date, a significant number of risk factors for the development of conduct disorders in childhood and adolescence have been identified. As the number of risk factors increases in the individual, family and school context, unfortunately, the likelihood of developing a disorder in a child also increases. In order to plan preventive and early intervention activities, both in school and in the wider community, special attention needs to be paid to identifying and understanding risk factors from the school context (for example, poor academic performance, peer rejection, inadequate school climate, poorly developed academic skills of students, etc.) with simultaneous knowledge and strengthening of protection factors. It seems that in our society, schools are not yet recognized as a relevant link in the system of prevention of conduct disorders, and therefore we need more papers which research the relationship between components of the school system and problems in student behavior. In this paper, we have tried to give a review of the existing risk factors from the school context responsible for the development of conduct disorders in childhood and youth.

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Motivi za bavljenje psihoterapijom: iskustva psihoterapeuta

Motivi za bavljenje psihoterapijom: iskustva psihoterapeuta

Author(s): Sabina Alispahić,Enedina Hasanbegović-Anić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2020

People who want to complete education in a certain psychotherapeutic direction spend several years in education that involves a significant investment of energy, time and money. Yet very little attention is paid in researching their motives for such a life desicion. Empirical research on who actually becomes a psychotherapist and why is rare. Given the lack of research on this topic, especially in our context, in this research we wanted to explore the experiences of psychotherapists and their motivation to engage in psychotherapy. To better understand their experiences, we applied a qualitative methodology. Participants in the study were psychotherapists of different psychotherapeutic orientations: EMDR, systematic constellations, transactional analysis, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, reality psychotherapy, psychodrama and gestalt psychotherapy. Several psychotherapists have completed more than one psychotherapy education. A total of nine psychotherapists participated, five of whom were women and four men, with an average age of 31.4 years and an average of 4.8 years of experience working with clients. For the purposes of this research, we created an online questionnaire with 12 open-ended questions that related to several areas of our interest: the psychotherapeutic direction that participants deal with, their experience in psychotherapy, the type of clients they work with and their motives for psychotherapy. According to the participants’ responses, engaging in psychotherapy had a mostly positive effect on them, in the sense that they became more stable, developed better interpersonal relationships, assertiveness, and emotional intelligence. When it comes to the motives of the participants for psychotherapy, three topics stand out from their answers: the possibility of helping others, the possibility of continuous personal and professional development, and curiosity and interest in self-analysis and analysis of others. In this research, we also asked psychotherapists what makes them most happy or sad in working with clients. According to their answers, they are most happy when they see that the quality of life of the client has really improved, that they have made concrete changes and that they have become more authentic. On the other hand, it saddens them when they notice that clients do not have adequate resources and support from their environment, when they hear about their previous failures and difficult destinies. According to the results of this research, we can conclude that psychotherapists have various motives for engaging in psychotherapy, from altruistic to the desire for lifelong growth and development.

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Perfekcionizam i depresivnost: medijacijska uloga bezuvjetnog samoprihvaćanja

Perfekcionizam i depresivnost: medijacijska uloga bezuvjetnog samoprihvaćanja

Author(s): Dragana Tomić,Enedina Hasanbegović-Anić,Đenita Tuce / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2019

The goal of the research is to question the mediating role of unconditional self-acceptance on the relation between the negative perfectionism and depression in students. Relying on contemporary research which sees negative perfectionism as a vulnerability factor for developing psychological difficulties, this paper is based upon the REBT theory of ego disturbance, and mediating model suggested by Flett and associates. The research was done on the appropriate sample of students from the University of Sarajevo (N=394), of average age M=21.39 (SD=1.56). Data was collected by group work method. The following psychological instruments were used: Sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, Multidimensional perfectionism scale (socially prescribed perfectionism subscale), Unconditional self-acceptance scale, Zung self-rating depression scale, and Zung self-rating anxiety scale. The results of the mediating analysis show that negative perfectionism variable achieved a significant total (c=.08; 95% CI=.03, .12) and indirect (ab=.04; 95% CI=.02, .06) effect on depression, while the direct effect did not prove to be significant (c’=.04; 95% CI=-.01, .09). These results demonstrate that unconditional self-acceptance has the mediating role in relation between negative perfectionism and depression. Additionally, it has been confirmed that higher level of negative perfectionism contributes to lower unconditional self-acceptance, which then negatively reflects upon the level of depression. These results are in accordance with previous theoretical analyses and may serve as guidelines in creating efficient preventive and treatment interventions in working with students.

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Werther vs. Papageno efekat: pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja o utjecaju medijskih izvještavanja na suicidalnost

Werther vs. Papageno efekat: pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja o utjecaju medijskih izvještavanja na suicidalnost

Author(s): Zana Aziraj,Vildana Aziraj-Smajić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2019

Theory about imitating mass media assumes that if modeling works in one direction (imitating suicide), than it works in another one also (positive model). „Werther effect“ is used for explaining the effect of negative media role. It has been used for a few decades. Positive effect of media role in suicides is called „Papageno effect“, and it has been discovered recently. Aim of this article Is to give review of researches about distinction between positive and negative role of media reporting on suicide. According to the researches, it has been defined that media reports about suicides are not representative, since they appeal to sensationally exaggerate suicides, which are rare in everyday life. Tendency to repeat a report about same suicide is connected with higher suicide rate among clinical and general population. It has been determined negative role of media reporting about celebrity suicides on the future suicidal behavior among population with depressive disorder. Certain social variables, especially criminal record, have been shown to be significant for higher risk of copycat suicidal behavior. Proof for the copycat effect is higher rate of same or similar suicides. Based on the researches on this subject, it has been confirmed that media has a significant role on emersion and accretion of suicidal behavior, but also on decreasing and detaining suicidal behavior. It is also important to say that there are a lot of more researches on how medias can provoke suicidal behavior, while it’s still small amount of researches potential positive effects of medias in suicidal behavior.

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Kognitivno – bihevioralna terapija u tretmanu teške depresivne epizode: prikaz slučaja

Kognitivno – bihevioralna terapija u tretmanu teške depresivne epizode: prikaz slučaja

Author(s): Zlatko Kalabić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2016

Main goal of this work is to show a diagram of cognitive conceptualization with usage of cognitive and behavioural techniques in raising level of patients functioning with severe depression. Basis of my approach to patient was cognitive conceptualization of case based on the cognitive model of disorder. Paper, which in this case resulted in successful achievements. Some techniques used in this case were: Problem solving, Diary of daily activities, Cognitive restructuration, Role play... Patient started working again, and her level of functionality is improved in a family environment. With reducing levels of depression there was an improvement of quality of life and indirectly of her family members too. Efficiency of CBT treatment reflects in successful achievement of the targets set by the patient at the beginning of the therapy: improving appetite and hygiene, raising level of confidence and selfesteem, improving care about herself and her appearance (dressing, haircut), social activation (night outs with friends) and restoring confidence in the other.

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Sandor Ferenczi: Psihoanalitične študije

Sandor Ferenczi: Psihoanalitične študije

Author(s): Mirt Komel / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 105-106/2024

Review of: Sandor Ferenczi: Psihoanalitične študije. Ljubljana: Studia Humanitatis, 2022. Prevod: Zoltan Pap. 413 str., (ISBN 978-961-7145-08-3), 29 EUR.

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Media Coverage of Suicidal Behaviour in the Context of Slovenian Independence

Media Coverage of Suicidal Behaviour in the Context of Slovenian Independence

Author(s): Jure Gračner,Asja Flamiš,Adelisa Huskić,Vita Postuvan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Slovenia was part of Yugoslavia and became independent in 1991 after a ten-day war. Slovenia had the highest suicide rate of all Yugoslav member states. In Yugoslavia, all young men served in the military away from home in other Yugoslav republics. Some of them returned in coffins due to suicide. This was one of the factors resulting in the discussion about independence, in which Slovenian newspapers played a part. During wartime, suicide rates tend to be lower, though soldiers also face an array of suicide risk factors. The present study aimed to establish which stories about suicide were published in the Slovenian newspapers Delo and Večer. While analysing the period before, during, and after independence, we identified three predominant themes: stories about Slovenian soldiers, the political agenda, and informative articles. The political agenda – namely, the desire for independence and, later, the consequences of independence – was in the foreground before independence. Stories about Slovenian soldiers were most common during the period of Slovenian emancipation, with tales of actual suicides that involved firearms as the suicide method. In the post-independence period, though, we have mainly identified articles that provide insight into society’s attitude towards suicide. This study sheds light on how suicide in the military was portrayed in the Slovenian media before, during, and after independence.

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Wieloaspektowość interpretacji problemu uzależnień kobiet i mężczyzn

Wieloaspektowość interpretacji problemu uzależnień kobiet i mężczyzn

Author(s): Karolina Czerwiec,Karolina Piątek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2024

Experts in behavioral science believe that all factors capable of stimulating a person can be addictive; and whenever a habit turns into a chore, it can be considered an addiction. They also believe that there are both many similarities and differences between the diagnostic symptoms of chemical and behavioral addiction (Poikolainen, 2023). Growing evidence suggests that women’s and men’s experiences of recovery may also differ. Recovery from addiction is not linear and is a multifactorial and long-term process. The aim of the article is to characterize different approaches to the problem of addiction and therapy for women and men.

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Nietypowe formy i struktury zachowań samobójczych: analiza przypadków

Nietypowe formy i struktury zachowań samobójczych: analiza przypadków

Author(s): Kazimierz Ligęza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2024

The conducted analysis reveals the diversity of motivations and circumstances accompanying specific forms of behaviors leading to death, such as hunger strikes, compelled renunciation of means of sustenance, or surrogate death. The common denominator of these actions is their extreme nature, often arising from situations of coercion, dramatic choices, or profound moral and ethical convictions. Each of these forms generates unique ethical dilemmas that require consideration of both the actor’s intentions and the objective consequences of their decisions. In the context of a hunger strike, the decision to abstain from food intake can be evaluated as morally neutral or even positive, provided it is motivated by significant reasons and aims not at self-destruction but at achieving a greater good. On the other hand, surrogate death, as exemplified by St. Maximilian Kolbe, represents a heroic sacrifice of life for another individual. While such decisions may raise questions about their alignment with moral principles, the key criterion for their evaluation remains altruistic motivation and the absence of direct suicidal intent. Ultimately, each of the analyzed behaviors requires an individual approach to moral assessment, taking into account the situational context, intentions, and consequences. The considerations presented indicate that the ethical evaluation of such actions is complex and multifaceted but can lead to their recognition as morally acceptable or even commendable under specific circumstances. This article seeks to shed light on the issue of behaviors with extreme consequences and to outline criteria that may aid in their moral evaluation. It is my hope that this brief analysis will inspire further research into the ethical aspects of human sacrifice in the context of suicidology, an integral part of our shared moral experience.

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СОЦИОЛОГИЈА, КРИМИНАЛ И ДЕВИЈАНТНО ПОНАШАЊЕ МЛАДИХ

СОЦИОЛОГИЈА, КРИМИНАЛ И ДЕВИЈАНТНО ПОНАШАЊЕ МЛАДИХ

Author(s): Slobodan Nagradić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 8/2014

This paper theoretically considers and elaborates phenomenon of youth, primarily in the Republic of Srpska and explores the etiology of theirs adverse current social position, their social marginalization, political abstinence, but also identifies several potentials for emancipatory action in the coming years. The author has described several social factors that negatively affect the status of youth in period of transition and changes to which the youth are exposed in the Republic of Srpska, and special focus of his considerations is to the specific contents and forms of social deviations, especially accentuating crime. The author of this social elaboration makes an important turning point in the claimed crime surveys in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina and other related societies, by setting an argument that the we can learn more about crime and the participation of certain groups of young people in it by questioning about crime of grown ups, than to still hold stereotypical premise that young people are the cause of crime and its generator.

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Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığının Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğüne ve Sosyal Kaygı Düzeyine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığının Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğüne ve Sosyal Kaygı Düzeyine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Sevim Altıok,Sait Kahraman / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 03/2024

This study examines the impact of the increasing access to the internet and digital materials on the relationship between digital gaming addiction, emotion regulation difficulty, and social anxiety levels among university students. The study was conducted with 406 individuals attending universities in Manisa province. The sample was selected using random sampling, consisting of 273 females and 133 males. The "Digital Gaming Addiction Scale for Adults," "Social Anxiety Scale," "Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale," and "Personal Information Form" were used in the research. SPSS 27 software was employed for the analysis of the collected data, including Pearson Correlation Analysis, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Independent Samples t-Test, and ANOVA tests. The study's findings reveal a positive correlation between digital gaming addiction and emotion regulation difficulty, as well as social anxiety levels, with higher addiction levels observed among males. The regression analyses suggest that digital gaming addiction has a predictive effect on social anxiety. Regarding emotion regulation and social anxiety variables, it is noted that the increase in digital addiction levels among females impacts these two variables more than males.

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