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Funkcjonowanie psychospołeczne Dorosłych Dzieci Alkoholików (na przykładzie sondy internetowej i analizy indywidualnych przypadków)

Author(s): Renata Cichocka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

More and more is being said about alcohol addiction and its impact on health and social sphere. Alcoholic who wants to quit drinking may relay on 12 steps program or Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meeting. Relatively little attention is paid to the impact of substance use disorders on family, in particular on children who involuntarily witness adult problems. Adult Children of Alcoholics Syndrome (ACoA Syndrome) is a behavioral patterns, both social and mental, as an effect of growing up in an alcoholic family. Being raised by alcoholic parent has huge impact on child’s life. Anxiety and disturbed development are common mental health conditions associated with lacking a sense of safety or support so characteristic for dysfunctional family. This article is a research summary the purpose of which was to define characteristics behavior patterns of Adult Children of Alcoholics. Based on data analysis I tried to established common features of adults raised in alcoholic families which turned out to be quite difficult.

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PSYCHOEMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF PATIENTS WHO SELF-REFER TO THE URGENT RECEPTION UNIT

Author(s): Veronica Calancea,Anastasia Rusu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

The disease represents for the body an aggression with important psychological consequences. On a psychological level, the individual realizes the disease as an aggression, as a stress, as a state of insecurity or disaster. Prior fear is the main element that gives rise to the reaction to stress and, above all, to the affective consequences after the acute period of stress has passed. What is essential in illness is the "anxiety of the moment", the possibility of new complications, the threat of new suffering and even destruction.

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The impact of interdisciplinary weight loss intervention on reduction in BMI and depression and anxiety levels [HADS] in patients with obesity. A study with repeated measurements design

Author(s): Małgorzata Obara-Gołębiowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The article presents a study analyzing changes in body mass and depression and anxiety levels among the patients of the Obesity Clinic at the Municipal Hospital in Olsztyn. The aim of this study was to analyze long-term weight loss maintenance, and to evaluate depression and anxiety levels in people with obesity who participated in a weight loss treatment program in the Obesity Clinic in Olsztyn. Forty-five patients participated in a two-week weight loss program. During the treatment, the patients received support from a dietitian, a psychologist, a physician and a physiotherapist. The participants learned to consume regular meals five times a day (1200 kcal per day) to develop new eating habits, and they performed regular physical activity. During cognitive-behavioral therapy, the participants learned techniques that enabled them to reinforce new eating habits and adhere to a healthy diet. The patients were educated by all specialists during the two-week program in the obesity clinic. The study presents the results of the weight loss program in terms of body mass reduction and treatment of anxiety and depression which are often experienced by people with obesity who are unable to lose weight. The BMI and depression and anxiety levels were measured four times: before the weight loss program, at the end of the two-week program, as well as three and six months after the program. The results indicate that the program was effective in promoting sustainable weight loss.

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Teoretyczne podstawy rewalidacji a zajęcia rewalidacyjne dla uczniów z zespołem Aspergera w szkole ponadpodstawowej ogólnodostępnej

Author(s): Iwona Skrzypczyk-Gałkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

This article explores the application of scientific definitions of revalidation within the context of revalidation classes currently implemented in Polish mainstream high schools. The author traces the evolution of the term “revalidation” in Polish academic discourse, underscoring the objectives of revalidation interventions. The paper outlines the legal framework governing revalidation classes in Polish education and scrutinises specific recommendations from psychological and pedagogical counselling centres concerning revalidation classes derived from special education needs assessments for students with Asperger’s syndrome. The analysis reveals that these revalidation classes primarily focus on enhancing the students’ social integration by teaching effective communication skills. This focus reflects the broader scientific aim of revalidation, which is to facilitate the inclusion of individuals with disabilities into society. Additionally, the article discusses the practical challenges and potential improvements in implementing revalidation programmes, emphasising the need for tailored approaches that address the unique needs of students with Asperger’s syndrome to maximise their educational and social outcomes.

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Anneden Algılanan Narsisistik Özellikler, Borderline Kişilik Özellikleri ve Ortoreksiya Nervoza Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Haydeh Faraji,Melissa Kahraman / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between perceived maternal narcissism traits, borderline personality traits and Orthorexia Nervosa. The study was carried out with a total of 418 people, aged between 18-45, living in Istanbul, 223 (%53,3) female and 195 (%46,7) male. The Socio-Demographic Data Form, The Perceived Maternal Narcissism Scale (PMNS), Borderline Personality Questionary (BPQ) and Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI) were applied to the participants. The data obtained in the study were analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS 25.0) and the PROCESS macro program for SPSS (PROCESS 4.0). Normal Distribution Analysis, Pearson Correlation Analysis, Linear and Hierarchic Regression Analysis, Independent Samples T-Test were used from statistical analysis methods. The results of the study showed that there was a positive significant relationship between perceived maternal narcissism with borderline personality traits and orthorexia nervosa. Borderline personality traits had partially mediated the relation between the perceived maternal narcissizm and orthorexia nervosa. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed the perceived maternal narcissizm and borderline personality traits explained 13% of the variance in orthorexia nervosa. There is a positive relationship between the age variable and the narcissistic characteristics perceived from the mother; a significant negative relationship was found with the borderline personality variable and the orthorexia nervosa variable. When orthorexia nervosa tendency is examined according to gender variable, it is seen that male participants (M=1.66) receive higher scores than female participants (M=1.56)

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Využití přístupu zaměřeného na řešení v párové psychoterapii

Author(s): Leoš Zatloukal / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

Couple psychotherapy is a distinct and developing field of psychotherapy. In this text, attention is given to one approach to psychotherapeutic work with couples, namely the solution-focused approach. The aim of the text is to introduce the solution-focused approach and the possibilities of its practical application in the context of couple psychotherapy. In the first part of the text the principles of the chosen approach and the basic methods that can be used in couple psychotherapy are presented. At the core of the text are two areas that are particularly relevant to working with couples using the solution-focused approach and that also present some challenges for psychotherapists using the solution-focused approach in couple psychotherapy. The first of these areas is how to integrate the partners' perspectives in the therapy session so that they can be heard, accepted, and further developed in conversation in a useful way. The second area, which receives more detailed attention in this text, is the negotiation of preferred futures (i.e., ideas of desired change) with partners. It describes how to develop a shared description of preferred future with partners and how to work in situations where partners' ideas about preferred futures are different or even contradictory. The text is supplemented with examples from the author's practice as well as illustrative examples.

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Párová terapie a deprese

Author(s): Aleš Neusar / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

This article focuses on couple therapy when addressing depression. The initial part of the text centers on the impact of relationships on depression. Troubled intimate relationships can act as a causal factor in the onset and even chronicity of depression. The second part describes the circumstances in which couple therapy for depression may be advantageous or even superior to individual psychotherapy. This is particularly relevant when depression is intertwined with negative relational dynamics and mutual interactions between partners, a relatively common occurrence. Nevertheless, couple therapy can also prove beneficial in healthy partnerships. Possible risks or contraindications for couple therapy in cases of depression are also discussed, such as when it fails to challenge the discourse that it is “solely about depression”. The third section delves into couple therapy for depression, primarily from the perspective of narrative psychotherapy. Throughout the text, the author not only cites the works of other authors but also draws from personal experiences with couples grappling with depression and insights gained from interviews with fellow professionals in the field.

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Vytvoření podpůrného prostoru pro terapii pro polyamorní klienty

Author(s): Jan Vojtko / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The article discusses the increasing demand for therapy and counseling for polyamorous clients and those seeking non-monogamous relationships. It highlights the challenges therapists face due to a lack of understanding and societal biases against non-monogamy. The text explores the biological and psychological aspects of loving multiple people simultaneously, emphasizing the role of hormones like oxytocin and vasopressin. It also addresses the importance of creating a supportive therapeutic space where clients can explore their relationship dynamics without fear of judgment. The article references various studies that show polyamorous relationships can be healthy and fulfilling. It underscores the need for therapists to continuously educate themselves to provide effective support. The discussion includes the complexities of communication, jealousy, and societal stigma in polyamorous relationships. The text concludes by advocating for a deeper understanding and acceptance of diverse relationship structures in therapeutic practices.

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Online párová terapie

Author(s): Petra Prest,Pavel Rataj / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The article discusses the evolution and challenges of online couple therapy, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially uncommon, online therapy became a necessity during the pandemic, revealing both its potential and limitations. The authors, experienced therapists, share insights from their practice, emphasizing the need for specific competencies and flexibility in online settings. They highlight the importance of technical aspects, such as reliable internet connections and privacy, as well as maintaining a therapeutic relationship. The article also explores the unique dynamics of online couple therapy, including the impact of physical separation and the need for creative interventions. The authors argue that online therapy can be effective, provided therapists adapt their techniques to the medium. They also discuss the importance of addressing emotional safety and the potential benefits of using visual aids and creative techniques. The article concludes by considering the suitability of online therapy for different client groups, noting that flexibility and creativity are crucial for success.

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Burden, anxiety, and depression in caregivers of Alzheimer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic

Author(s): Gelanys Castro-Tejada,Franck Díaz-Garelli,Jesabelle D. Domínguez-Garcí,Alicia H Mauricio C.,Angel L. Rodriguez Lockward,Issaell Hernández,Karina Gomez R.,Karla Díaz Mesa,Lisemaine Dieuveuil,M. Rodriguez Tavarez,Melani Peña,Martin Medrano / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) advancement imposes tremendous burdens on caregivers, increasing the patient’s dependency demand. Confinement and social interaction disruption increase the risk of mental health problems. We aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic confinement on AD patients’ caregivers, hypothesizing that the superimposed burden can affect their mental health. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study on 221 caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients in Santiago, Dominican Republic. Caregivers were evaluated using the short form Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Yesavage Depression Scale (GDS) using scores and intensity as outcome measures. Results: Participants’ ages ranged from 18-76years, with 82.4% female. The intense burden was present in 59.3% of caregivers, severe anxiety in 19.5%, and 32.6% with symptoms of depression. Pearson coefficients showed positive correlations between anxiety and depression (R2=0.298, p < 0.001), caregiver burden and anxiety (R2=0.313, p<0.001) and burden and depression (R2=0.216, p=0.001). Conclusions: During the pandemic, caregivers had an intense burden. Anxiety and depression are associated with this burden; therefore, to mitigate the sequels of the worldwide COVID-19 confinement, health professionals should include a thorough caregiver mental health assessment when routine consultations resume.

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The real physical world and the virtual mental world

Author(s): Makudan CR,Chella Kamarajan / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

Development of a functional systems within the body, which enables differentiation and recognition of signals received by specialized body organs, and development of signals for identification and differential expressions of the signals and their various sources of origin, creation and maintenance of these signals and the associated meanings in verbal and nonverbal modes of expression, and their internal as well as external utilization, verbally as thoughts and symbols or sensory imageries, helped generation of a functional system, which we have been calling the ‘mind’. Mind becomes the method of verbalization and accounting for the principles of temporal and spatial relationships detected either personally by the body or using specially designed external objects or sources received over space and time within the universe, and within the body as experiences. Each person could create a mental account of the sensory-motor experiences and their expected or anticipated effects, and verbally and symbolically encode an account of the relationships within. Additionally, the mind learns special ability to present the tonal quality of their expressions in a manner, which came to be identified as musical expressions, and which have become vocally and instrumentally played musical notes. Mind is the method developed within the system for the expressions of the verbally as well as materially created expressions, which need to be internally developed , as well as externally created and assembled methods, representing the real as well as imaginary world, where the virtual world, mentally created for representing the real relationships, as experienced by the body and internally represented or encoded by using various expressive methods, which are often more complex than the real world they had earlier contacted and acquired through their encoding.

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Role of nutrition in depression

Author(s): Samia Mushtaq,Hina Mazhar,Sidra Khalid,Maryam Younas,Iqra Zahid,Mahnoor Jafar,Laraib Azhar,Mariam Amir,Maria Aslam / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2020

One of the major causes of global disability is depression. Many patients suffering from depression are not able show a positive response to treatments used to cure depression. Initial studies show that parallel nutrition therapy has the ability to ameliorate treatment results in patients suffering from depression. In this article we review the studies for the effectiveness and mechanism of the following nutrients: magnesium, vitamin D, Folate, zinc, omega 3 and vitamin B6. The existing knowledge and data proves that these nutrients may aid in mood management by managing the neurotransmitters, by carrying out oxidation-reduction or by regulating the structure of neurons. In spite of the fact that the preliminary research is favorable, larger placebo controlled studies are required to substantiate, corroborate and verify the effectiveness of the research.

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Introjection and dissociative identity disorder: a case report

Author(s): George Letterio,Karlyle Bistas,Emmanuel Katehis,Puja Patel,Heela Azizi,Ayodele Jolayemi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Background: We wish to add to the current body of knowledge by investigating the different factors that play into the development of dissociative identity disorder, particularly trauma. DID in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) is defined as a disruption in the identity by the presence of two or more distinct personality states, which often occurs after significant trauma. Ferenzci’s explored this with the theory on trauma-inducing neurosis. This theory was applied to our case presentation. Case presentation: We present a 19-year-old female patient who presented with active shifting of personalities was visualized in the clinical setting. This patient had experienced various forms of traumatic abuse, including sexual, verbal, physical, and even neglectful abuse from multiple family members. The patient developed dissociative states in which characteristics of the aggressors were mimicked. Conclusion: Ferenzci’s idea that traumatic situations likely trigger dissociative states during the early years in this patient was noticed in ⅗ personalities, while ⅖ did not support this claim. The other two dissociative states included the host, being the decisionmaker and leading figure, and also a euphoric character that exhibited regression when she felt comfortable. Although this case report supports some aspects of Ferenzci’s ideas on trauma-inducing neurosis, other theories must be explored to understand further the personalities that do not display aggressiveness.

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Recognition of happiness from subjective, psychological and neuroimaging points of view

Author(s): Hiroshi Bando / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The goal of the medical practice and medical research may include the happiness and health of body and soul. The phrase “happy people live longer” has been known. Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) can be used for the study for feeling of happiness. By functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMR), anterior right wedge region of the brain (precuneus) may be important for feeing happiness. Both of effective and functional connectivity of the right precuneus were positively associated with SHS scores. Consequently, happiness may be involved in SHS, structural neuroimaging, neurological study, positive psychological interventions, and so on.

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Psycho diagnostic techniques for the study of parent-child relationships as a tool of psychological counseling

Author(s): Olga Karabanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article presents the experience of using the projective technique “Parent essay” and tests for assessment parent-child joint activity. Indicators for assessing the parental attitudes and parent-child relationships are presented. A scheme for drawing up a conclusion is presented, highlighting the main blocks describing the parenting and parent-child relationships.

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Psychological violence in conjugality: a case study in light of systemic therapy

Author(s): Patrícia Manozzo Colossi / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2019

Psychological violence in the marriage presents itself as a multifaceted phenomenon that assumes importance in the field of psychotherapy for treating those involved in this context. The present case study refers to a 32 and 40 years-old heterosexual couple, no child, whose marital care took place for 20 sessions during 10 months of follow-up due to multiple conflicts. For the understanding of the case, we used a measurement scale of violence (CTS2) and reports of the couple psychological care. The CTS2 identified the presence of psychological violence and excluded other expressions of violence. They were identified with experiences of violence in families of origin of partners, communication difficulties and emotional expression, such aspects that extended the relational difficulties. The couple was assisted and helped in the recognition of their own family histories, their emotions and dissatisfaction and, as a result, could progressively recognize themselves as an active participant in conflict resolution, qualifying the relationship to both.

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A soul searching emotional surgery into the heart of a borderline personality disorder

Author(s): Braham Deep Sindhu,Amita Puri,Navya N.,Trisha Banerjee / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2019

The present work focuses on enhancing the understanding of Optimism Attitude Model (OAM) in the management of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder. Doing therapeutic interventions with BPD is a challenging task and requires lot of therapeutic jugglery on the part of the clinicians to sustain the motivation in ensuring the regularity of such individuals for therapy. This happens as their behaviour is unpredictable due to their disorder and the rate of drop out after few sessions is very high. Also there is a tendency to be non compliant in therapy as they keep challenging the clinicians for confrontations in a therapeutic setting so that they get a valid excuse for a kingly exit. Implications for this study are immense for the mental health professionals and family members of the individuals suffering from Borderline personality disorder. The limitations and the recommendations of the study are discussed in detail for way forward.

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Hope and health related life quality among thalassemic patients

Author(s): Shagufta Perveen / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Background: This research examined the hope and health related life quality among thalassemic patients, mainly focusing on thalassemic patients with either on initial or advance stage. The study was aimed at exploring the hop in relation to the health related quality of life among thalassemic patients. Method: A cross-sectional study design was utilized. A sample of diagnosed male and female thalassemic patients, at initial or advanced stage, (N=60). The tools used were: the Urdu version of the Herth hope index and the sf-36 of quality of life scale. Result: The results exhibited strong relationship between the hope and quality of life. Further result study also proved, significant gender and severity and condition of disease base differences, showing male Thalassemic patients with higher level of hoper in comparison to female thalassemic patients. Additionally, the thalassemic patients at initial stage of the disease of both genders had a higher level of hope than the patients at advanced stage of disease. On the other hand, female thalassemic patients experience higher quality of life than male patients. Conclusion: The results emphasize the preponderant importance of psychological measures to evaluate and provide thalassemic patients with a psychological support and help to improve the level of hope and health related quality of life among thalassemic patients.

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Clinical management of depression using therapeutic models: case report

Author(s): Binan Evans Dami / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The case report presents a clinical management of depression in a facility in Jos, Nigeria. Via the management process, clinician was able to assess client who was seemingly in distress, hence provided with a more tailored clinical response. After prolonged intervention of 12 sessions, client was able to pick up and reintegrate more appropriately in his own society. Clinically, client has shown improvements in significant domains of functioning.

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Emotion dysregulation in mood disorders: a review of current challenges

Author(s): Mogeda El Sayed El Keshky / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2018

Background: Emotion dysregulation is not a new concept in mood disorder research. During the last two decades, it has received considerable attention and has been frequently discussed. However, there are still notable research gaps regarding the role of emotion dysregulation in mood disorders other than major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Method: Between-studies literature review was applied to a set of articles published between 1990 and 2016. Results of theoretical and empirical studies were compared. Sets of inclusion and exclusion criteria were strictly followed. Results: Analysis showed serious problems regarding definitions of emotion regulation as a concept and with creating boundaries between this concept and other similar concepts. Significant levels of inconsistencies and a lack of systematization in this area were detected, especially in research related to neurological correlates of emotion regulation in mood disorders. Other conceptual challenges were outlined as well. Conclusion: There is a strong need to enhance current knowledge about emotion dysregulation in mood disorders. It is necessary for experimental studies of interest to be aligned with current findings and norms. A rather good base has been set, but there is still a lot of room for improvement as some of the identified challenges will remain.

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