Оценка развития рефлексивных умений личности в условиях дистанционных образовательных технологий

Author(s): Yury Viktorovich Pushkarev,Elena Aleksandrovna Pushkareva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2022

Introduction. The article examines the formation of cognitive foundations of individual’s intellectual potential and their ability to reflect and introspect. The purpose of the study is to determine and evaluate the characteristic features of the development of reflexive personality skills in the conditions of distance educational technologies. Materials and Methods. The methodology of the research includes a conceptual analysis and reviewing research papers focusing on cognitive development of the individual, the assessment of this development in a distance educational environment, and the specifics of the manifestation of reflexive cognitive processes. The philosophy of education as a methodological basis of the research involves the identification, evaluation and generalization of the main features of the development of reflexive individual skills in the conditions of distance educational technologies. Results. The authors consider reflection in the education system, on the one hand, as a process of understanding knowledge and information through study and comparison, on the other hand, as a principle of human thinking aimed at self-understanding and self-examination. The main content of a person's reflexive ability as a cognitive ability for critical self-examination is presented: developed human abilities to recognize and solve complex mental problems, developed imagination; an aptitude to introspection and critical thinking. The authors have identified the key problems in the development of reflexive personality skills in the conditions of distance educational technologies. They include a decrease in the quality of assimilation and understanding of information and knowledge; difficulties in retaining attention and implementing reflection in general; problems in the formation and implementation of personality selforganization, the development of self-control skills, the development of uncertainty in the positive result of cognitive activity and in their own capabilities. It is emphasized that the dissonance in the development of reflexive personality skills in the conditions of distance learning technologies contributes to a restrained attitude to online learning. Conclusions. The authors summarize the main features of the development of reflexive personality skills in the conditions of distance educational technologies.

Партньорство между институциите при социална защита от домашно насилие

Създаване на местен механизъм за приложение на Закона за защита от домашното насилие

Author(s): Georgi Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2017

The partnership process is a prerequisite for management activities and processes in the social and educational sphere. A key role for success is the partnership between the institutions in social protection from domestic violence. The creation of a model of interaction at a regional level is the next stage in the process of partnership within the Local mechanism for the application of the Law on protection from domestic violence. It is necessary to improve the process of coordination and information exchange; to provide training for professionals; to strengthen cooperation between institutions in the implementation of measures for rehabilitation of perpetrators of domestic violence; to develop social infrastructure to support victims and perpetrators through new programs, development of competences, new (social) services.

Педагогически условия за постигане на режим на преодоляване на детската самота

Author(s): Alexandra Kovacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

This article identifies and analyzes the necessary pedagogical conditions for overcoming children`s loneliness. Five conditions for prevention and correction of loneliness were identified. These are: resilience; relationships; optimism; competences; emotional skills.

ПЕДАГОГ-ПСИХОЛОГ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ: СТРАШИЛКА ДЛЯ «ПОДНАДЗОРНЫХ» ИЛИ РЕАЛЬНАЯ ПОМОЩЬ ТЕМ, КОМУ ЭТО НЕОБХОДИМО?

Author(s): Anna Iaroşevici / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

A teacher-psychologist in an educational institution performs a variety of functions: education, prevention, counseling and correctional and developmental work. However, sometimes in the process of work, specialists are faced with prejudice from both colleagues and pupils (schoolchildren or students).

Позитивна психология: проблемни области и формиране на личността

Author(s): Stoil Mavrodiev,Lubomira Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

This article presents the genesis and basic ideas of positive psychology. The human personality is revealed through the prism of positive psychology. The problem areas of positive psychology are outlined, while at the same time are emphasized the key concepts in the above field. Basic concepts and theoretical understandings are discussed. The basic tenets for a “good”, “enjoyable” and “meaningful” life were derived, according to Seligman's theory.

ПОНЯТІЙНІ КОНСТРУКЦІЇ ТЕРМІНУ «ТВОРЧІСТЬ» У КУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЧНОМУ АСПЕКТІ

Author(s): Olena Lifintseva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2022

The purpose of the article is to carry out a categorical and conceptual analysis of the concept of “creativity”, to reveal its essence of interpretation and to analyze scientific views on this phenomenon in cultural discourse. The research methodology is based on the application of dialectical and logical approaches and theoretical general scientific methods, which allowed to carry out a detailed categorical and conceptual analysis of the concept of “creativity” in the cultural direction. The scientific novelty is related to the definition of scientific and theoretical approaches of scientists to understand the essence of the concept of “creativity” in the cultural aspect, as well as proposed the proper interpretation of the phenomenon under study in the modern cultural space. Conclusions. As a result of the categorical and conceptual analysis of the term “creativity” and a thorough understanding of the scientific and theoretical approaches of scientists on the phenomenon under study allowed to reveal its essence and propose its own definition in the cultural direction. Therefore, in our opinion, creativity appears as a complex process of realizing the subject, which realizes practically sensual experiences acquired by the individual intuitively, which is a consequence of the synthesizing capacity of the individual in the universal sense. Prospects for further research require the solution of issues that correlate with projections of creative self-realization of the artist in the modern socio-cultural space.

ПОРУШЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ АДАПТАЦІЇ МОЛОДШИХ МЕДИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛІСТІВ ПРИ РОБОТІ НА ПЕРВИННИХ ПОСАДАХ, ЯК ОДНА З ПРИЧИН ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ

Author(s): Olena Gryshnjaeva,Vita Antsupova,Valentina Ostapchuk,Iana Ushko,Victoria Grigoruk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2018

Socio-economic and political changes in Ukrainian society call for specialists who are able to adapt quickly both to independent work and to work in a team. The time for possible adaptation should be short and well planned. It is important to train specialists who have certain individual and typological personality traits to prevent the process of disadaptation when working in primary positions. In the article the data of the comparative analysis of the correspondence of motives on which the specialty of the junior medical specialist (nurse, paramedic) and individual-typological features of the personality of the first-year students of the Kharkov basic medical college is selected. The necessity of introduction of the complex medical and psychological program for adaptation to the subsequent work in primary positions of medical specialists in the educational process was justified, as an opportunity to prevent rapid professional burnout and frequent changes in the composition of trained professional medical personnel.

Потребители и зрители в эру глобализации: негативные и позитивные эффекты медиа процесса

Author(s): Tatiana Smolina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The exploration of the interaction between media and audiences is the main focus of this article. In order to narrow down the topic, the impact of television on young viewers was investigated by means of the interpretations of studies conducted by television researchers. This article argues that media in general and television in particular is a specific form of dialogue that can produce not only negative effects (e.g. aggressive and violent behavior) but positive effects as well. The media is deeply embedded in the fabric of modern society’s culture in the Globalization era and television presents the potential source of a child’s information and learning experience about the world.

ПРАБЛЕМА САМАІДЭНТЫФІКАЦЫІ АСОБЫ ВА УСХОДНЕ-СЛАВЯНСКІМ ЛІТАРАТУРАЗНАУСТВЕ

Author(s): Lubou Hłazman / Language(s): Belarussian Issue: 11/2019

In the article the phenomenon of self-identity as a subject of East Slavic literary criticism is discussed. Characteristic features of research on personality and its self-identification in the works of Belorussian and Russian scientists are traced. The author emphasizes the need to develop special theoretical literary works on the problem of self-identification due to its obvious significance and special attention writers’ of fiction direct to it.

Практики на неформално образование в социална услуга „Наблюдавано жилище“

Author(s): Aleksandar Ranev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2018

The “Observed housing” social service is focused on supporting young people who have left social institutes for children without parents, family-type accommodation centres and foster families in Bulgaria. One of the biggest risks for these youngsters comes from the lack of basic social and professional skills, education, supporting environment. For the youngsters, these deficiencies make their independent life very difficult and often the result is emotional depression, criminal behaviour and social exclusion. The opportunities that non-formal education offers for the development and realization of the personal potential of these young people are very important. Part of the typical forms of non-formal education and learning in social service „observed housing” are: continuing education – for secondary or primary school graduates, there is a possibility of regular, evening, individual form; professional and educational courses – related to professional and educational preparation depending on the individual profile; programs and training – individual or group oriented towards different social skills. This article describes some of the typical practices in the field of non-formal learning and education in social services “observed housing” and especially in “Observed housing together”. The article describes how practically / in practice the main types of non-formal education are covered: Parallel education – through the parallel support of formal education and parallel compensatory training of young people for independent life and profession; Complementary education – by acquiring of knowledge and experience for personal development beyond formal education; Continuing professional education – Extending and Improving the professional qualification and individual development.

Предвиђање ризика одбијања школе: Испитивање инкременталне улоге црте емоционалне интелигенције у односу на личност и емоционалну регулацију

Author(s): Pina Filippello,Luana Sorrenti,Caterina Buzzai,Sebastiano Costa / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2018

Research has not yet been deepened in the link between personality factors and risk of school refusal. Furthermore, previous studies fail to verify the direct relation between trait EI and the risk of school refusal. The present study examined personality traits, emotion regulation and trait EI for the contributory role they may play in predicting the risk of school refusal. The sample consisted of 311 participants, 112 males (36%) and 199 females (64%) with an average age of 14.19 (SD = .60), from a high school in the city of Messina (Sicily, Italy). Results show that the risk of school refusal is positively related to neuroticism and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, while it is negatively related to the extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness and trait EI. Moreover, trait EI can be considered as a strong incremental negative predictor of risk of school refusal over and above personality traits and emotion regulation.

Предиктори на удовлетворението от живота сред българските актьори

Author(s): Denitza Kaprieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Actors attract broad public interest and often become role models for young people. Their profession implies some requirements and challenges that raise various research questions about the psychological characteristics of the actors. Research in the scientific psychological literature on the factors related to actors’ life satisfaction is scarce. The present study focuses on the effect that various personal and professional factors have on life satisfaction in a group of 140 Bulgarian actors (83 women, 57 men, age: M = 34.62). The results are compared with the predictors of life satisfaction in a control group matched by education, percentage distribution by sex, and mean age (N = 315, 195 women, 118 men, age: M = 36.88). The regression analyzes in the actors’ group reveal a significant positive effect of extraversion, manipulativeness, acclaim seeking, general self-efficacy, success in acting career, and negative effect of neuroticism, need of admiration, reactive anger, and experienced negative attitude in the profession. In the group of the actors, some specifics of the predictors of life satisfaction and their explanatory value are determined. The results are analyzed from the perspective of the characteristic features of the profession. Their contribution to a better understanding of the psychological functioning and needs of actors is discussed.

Предпазно-мотивационна теория и превенция на рисковото сексуално поведение

Author(s): Daniel Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2011

The paper discusses the application of protection motivation theory (PMT) in the research on safer sexual behavior and health promotion in the Bulgarian sociocultural context (n = 197, 18–22 years old). The aim of the empirical study is to explore the role of the components of the PMT on the formation of intentions to use condoms among university students. The study is based on 20-item instrument to assess PMT components (cognitive appraisals, fear, maladaptive coping, and behavioral intentions) in relation to AIDS and condom use (Ho, 2000) and 8-item scale of past sexual behavior (Ingledew and Ferguson, 2007). The results suggest that an effective focus of the prevention programs would be the self-efficacy and response effectiveness of the condoms, rather than the fear. Adding a scale of past sexual behavior permits to attain higher percentage of explained variance over and beyond PMT variables. The role of some sociodemographic factors is also assessed.

Предпочитания на поколението, навлизащо на пазара на труда, към характеристиките на работата и организационните стимули

Author(s): Maria Karaivanova,Irina Zinovieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2012

The generation entering the labor market attracts growing attention by both scholars of organizational behaviour and human resource management experts. The present study has exploratory nature since these matters are relatives less studied in Europe. We investigated the generation entering the labor market as compared to the older generation on a number of work attitudes and preferences. The focus of the present article is on the preferences towards three groups of organizational characteristics. Preferences concerning job characteristics cover autonomy in doing the work, task variety, task significance, work time flexibility, and social contacts in work settings. The perception of organizational stimuli is focused on learning and professional skill development, on the one hand, and promotion opportunities, on the other. The preferences about the work outcomes concern overall job satisfaction, readiness to leave the organization, and work-life balance. The results show marked differences in the preferences between the two generations. While both generations like autonomy, work time flexibility, and social contacts in the organization, the young are more concerned with the work-life balance and are less inclined to leave their current employer. Compared to the older generation, they are less interested in learning and professional skill development and even less in opportunities for promotion. In discussing the results, we draw attention to the implications of these results for human resource management and their translation into organizational policies.

Представи за Аз-а в психодинамичните и трансперсонални теории за личността: сходства и различия

Author(s): Krasimira Yonkova,Steliyan Slavov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Since the birth of psychological science, the Self has been and remains a central phenomenon in the psychic sphere, becoming a fundamental element in the construction of the personality. Over time, many points of view of his understanding are found in the field of the various fundamental psychological theories. This article will examine some of the concepts of the Self in the context of the psychodynamic and transpersonal approaches to the study of the personality, looking for the similarities and differences between these two great approaches in psychological knowledge.

ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В ЮНОШЕСКОМ ВОЗРАСТЕ: ПОЛОВОЙ И ГЕНДЕРНЫЙ АСПЕКТ

Author(s): Olga Valerievna Smirnova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2020

Researches of personality (as a subject of psychological security) features are interested in views on security. The system of a person’s views of the world from a security standpoint creates the opportunities and resources with which a person overcomes various adverse environmental influences, and forms his/her idea of self-worth and subjective well-being. The article contains the existing research in the Russian and foreign science on the problem of representations of safety, substantiates the relevance of research on the notion of safety in adolescence. The article contains results of an empirical study aimed at revealing the gender and gender characteristics of safety notion in adolescence. In fact, personal security in youth age is determined by the peaceful situation in the country and friendly environment. Young people talk about the need for an internal state of confidence, although they talk about needing social support. Views on the characteristics of the psychological security are different. They depend on existing differences of the person (accepted and rejected) and necessary conditions (sexual and gender) to ensure safety.

Представления о жизненной перспективе у учащихся старших классов с различ-ным уровнем личностной зрелости

Author(s): Anna Borisovna Uglova,Irina Markovna Bogdanovskaya,Natalya Nikolaevna Koroleva,Anastasiya Vladimirovna Miklyaeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2020

Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of high school students’ ideas about future time perspective, which reflect the level of their personal development and the ability to solve life and professional problems independently and creatively. The purpose of the study is to identify the structural and content features of high school students’ ideas about future life perspective taking into account different levels of personal maturity. Materials and Methods. Ideas about future time perspective were considered based on the concepts of the event-situational approach and the personal-time arrangement of future time perspective. The following biographical and psychodiagnostic methods were used to collect empirical data: E. Korzhova’s ‘Psychological autobiography’; The Twenty Statements Test (TST) by M.Kuhn and T. McPartland; A. Miklyaeva’s ‘Scale of personal maturity self-assessment’. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to analyze the quantitative results of the research. Results. The authors summarize the findings of the theoretical and experimental study of high school students’ ideas about their future time perspective. The structural components of the ideas have been clarified, their functions in building future time perspective and regulating social activities of high school students have been determined. The study reveals the distinctive features of students’ ideas about future taking into account different levels of personal maturity in such aspects as event-richness and extensity of life perspective, its emotional coloring, concretization, and relationship with various aspects of personal maturity. The key content characteristics of the students’ ideas about future reflect their experience of self-identity and awareness of changes. Their important function is to regulate high school students’ activities, aimed at the implementation of life plans. The level of personal maturity affects structure and content of adolescent ideas about future time perspective. Conclusions. The structure of high school students’ ideas about future time perspective includes a number of components that determine future well-being, socialization, and self-fulfillment. The principles and ideas, which have been developed as a result of the research, can be transferred to teachers' and psychologists' work with problems of life and professional self-determination of high school students.

Преход между ранни и късна зрялост в средата на живота

Author(s): George A. Madzharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2013

In the middle of the life (35-45) each person focuses changes from where one is going to where one has been. People become concerned about their accomplishments - whether they have fulfilled their dreams. Aspects suppressed in early adulthood are reassessed. People begin notice physical declines and feel no longer young. For some this brings reconfirmation, for others turmoil and changes in career, relationships, other activities. Levinson’s and Sheehy’s description of adult life cycle stages are the more solid explanations nowadays.

Привързаност и качествени измерения на романтичните взаимоотношения в ранна зряла възраст

Author(s): Daniel Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

The article explores the role of the basic attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance) on intimacy, commitment, maintenance, and satisfaction in romantic relationships in Bulgarian young adults. The results suggest that secure attachment style predicts better relationship quality. Fearful attachment is related to the lowest levels of the investigated characteristics. Dismissing and preoccupied people are somewhere in-between.

Привързаност и регулация на стреса и емоциите през зрелостта

Author(s): Daniel Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The theoretical review discusses the development of the ideas in attachment theory, its conceptual units and research models, the nature and the stability of individual differences in attachment functioning, the integrative model of attachment-system activation and dynamics. The article summarizes recent findings of numerous empirical studies concerning the function of attachment behavioral system in stress management, emotion regulation and support seeking in adulthood.