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Родителството – предвидима криза в семейния жизнен цикъл

Author(s): Vanya Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The family life cycle passes through predictable and unpredictable life crises that require changes in both the family and private lives of both partners. One of the predictable crises id the transition to parenthood and childbirth. This leads to transformations in cognitive, emotional and behavioral state of the both of the partners, that require analysis of family functioning and the disclosure of the specificities of normative and non-normative family crises.

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Психологическа помощ на терминално болни: болестта като неочаквана кризисна ситуация

Author(s): Teodora Stoycheva Stoeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article deals with an extremely serious personal and socially significant problem related to the difficulties and psychological experiences of terminally ill individuals and their treatment. The psychological features of terminally ill individuals who are expecting death, thinking about it, are considered, which is undoubtedly a painful period of life change and personal transformation. Psychological support tools and therapy and counseling approaches are discussed to make the experiences of these individuals for themselves and those who will leave more bearable.

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COVID-19 – Критичен анализ на последствията от кризата

Author(s): Dobrin Dobrev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The article discusses various aspects of the damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. On a critical analysis are subjected the non-medical factors for the negative consequences – such as media coverage and political actions. The article outlines the main threats to mental health posed by the pandemic and prospects for development and change in the treated problems.

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Усещането за травматичност в ситуацията на актуална заплаха

Author(s): Rumyana Krumova-Pesheva,Haralampi Peshev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The reality of the pandemic provoked and reinforced the feeling of insecurity and vital threat on an individual and social level. It caused a number of problems and issues from physical, mental, ethical, philosophical, legal, religious nature. The individual functioning turned out to be in condition of emergency and crisis with increased risk to human health and life. The current situation has given rise to the feeling of mass polytraumatism with characteristics of objectless horror and control loss. The present study refers to 34 cases of patients in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, where the objective reality changed the picture of the therapeutic dynamics. It created an experience of changed identity, „awakened“ intense transference „answers“ and to some extent modified the course of the sought and planned change. The results showed a severely increased free-floating anxiety, ready to conjoin with specific content and ideas, as well as high depression associated with regressive movements to early-object interactions.

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Работохолизъм в условията на пандемия: Сравнителен анализ между България и Унгария

Author(s): Albena Krumova,Juhasz Marta,Magdalena Garvanova,Rita Repaczki,Plama Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The present study examined workaholism in Bulgaria and Hungary during a critical pandemic situation caused by COVID-19. A total of 805 respondents aged 18–70 years from Bulgaria and Hungary completed the online version of the two-dimensional measure – dubbed the Dutch Workaholism Scale (DUWaS). The research aimed to reveal differences in the state and modifications of this phenomenon during a pandemic situation. The obtained results were processed with SPSS-25. The data analysis shows that in conditions of a pandemic, the socio-economic context is the one that causes the significant differences between Bulgarians and Hungarians in relation to the Excessive (WE) and Compulsive workaholism (WC) levels.

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Важност на психолошка поддршка на семееjства со деца со посебни потреби за време на пандемиjта со COVID-19

Author(s): Milena Spasovska,Milena Mocinova-Brachkova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 1/2021

The Covid 19 pandemic has caused changes in the functioning of all people, including children with special needs and their families. Research shows that the changes experienced by individuals and families can result in mental health problems and dysfunctional adaptation to the stress caused by the coronavirus pandemic. For these reasons, the psychological support is important to help families cope with the challenges of the Covid 19 pandemic, to improve their mental health, and strengthen their individual and family resilience. Psychological support aims to help families adapt to the challenges they face and achieve a higher degree of functionality on a personal, partner, parent, family and social level.

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Влияние на пандемията от COVID-19 върху родителстването

Author(s): Polina Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Social distancing measures forced all citizens to stay at home and to work as far away as possible, and public spaces (eg schools, offices, public transport, theaters) were closed and public gatherings banned. These measures of social distancing (the so-called lockda‘) have led to drastic changes in everyday social life; separate areas of life, such as family, school, and work, suddenly coincided, and families were faced with an unforeseen increase in hours spent together under one roof.

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Adölesanlarda Teknolojik Oyun Bağımlılığı İle Karakter Gelişimi Arasındaki İlişki

Author(s): Yaren Çakır,Nazan Turan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Suppl. 1/2021

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between technological game addiction and character development in adolescents in order to contribute to the practices and approaches of psychiatric nurses. The research sample consists of 134 adolescents (Female: 84, Male:50). The data was collected using the Participant Information Form, Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents- Short Form and the Character Growth Index which were developed by the researcher in the light of literature. The analysis determined that game addiction differed according to variables such as gender, family structure, the availability of unlimited internet at home and showed that game addiction negatively influences character development. As a result of the study, it can be recommended that psychiatric nurses and other health professionals serving in the field of mental health should cooperate with school health nurses, guidance teachers and families to raise awareness about this issue and implement preventive measures.

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Yetişkin Ayrılma Anksiyetesi Bozukluğu: Bir Gözden Geçirme

Author(s): Zeynep Namlı,Aynur Özbay,Lut Tamam / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2022

Separation anxiety is excessive anxiety in separation from or expectation of separation from basic attachment figures. Separation anxiety disorder was considered a childhood and adolescent disorder until the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Nowadays, it is known that separation anxiety disorder may continue or begin in adulthood. Adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) shows similar clinical manifestations than in the children population. ASAD has been associated with several comorbid mental disorders such as anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and personality disorders. ASAD can also affect the clinical symptoms and course of comorbid psychiatric disorders. There is not enough data about the treatment approaches for ASAD.

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Moral Grandstanding as a Narcissistic Intrinsic Satisfaction

Author(s): Gamze Şen,Elif Manuoğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The aim of this study is to define the concept of moral grandstanding and discuss its antecedents, motivations behind it, and implications. Moral grandstanding is described as contributing to moral discourse to persuade others that one is morally respectable. Individuals who value their moral standing are more concerned about their own self than the topics that they claim to discuss. Therefore, it is likely that individuals who perform moral grandstanding may be high on the narcissistic personality trait. Although moral grandstanding can bring about reputation and fame to individuals, it can be associated with society contribution in some cases. While advertising their prosocial behavior, individuals’ true motivation may not be obvious. Thus, it is essential to understand their actual motivation for the behavior in question as well as their level of narcissism in order to understand whether the behavior is considered as an example of moral grandstanding. Pathological narcissism and the intrinsic-extrinsic motivation concept of self-determination theory were used to extend the current understanding of the moral grandstanding concept in the present study. Lastly, the real-life implications of moral grandstanding were discussed with reference to current issues like the ongoing pandemic.

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THE PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION IN CRISIS SITUATIONS

Author(s): Gabriela Sorina Vancu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The society we live in is full of crisis-generating events. People face daily events that they cannot cope with on their own, such as wars, pandemics, natural disasters, famine, drought, financial problems, unemployment, political uncertainties, social upheavals, personal crises, divorces, deaths, or involvement in critical incidents. A professional category that goes through crises and is frequently exposed to critical incidents is the firefighter rescuers. (Vancu 2013) The role of the psychologist working in emergency situations is to provide psychological first aid in the initial phase of the crisis so that symptoms do not worsen and the firefighter can function at normal psychological parameters

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Ontological Vertigo: a natural state

Author(s): Kathryn Elizabeth Cook,Eric Hamm / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Doubt and uncertainty are treated as rather abnormal in society. Disturbing states of being, for example anxiety, impostor syndrome, guilt, and confusion, are common phenomena, yet viewed as something to address with psychology, overcome with virtues, or solve with goals and preoccupations to be a good person in decent mental health. If ontological vertigo is understood as a natural state of the human position between the finite and the infinite, the logical conclusion is that human existence is disorienting and uncomfortable. This study looks at the common modes of seeking groundedness: place, status, identity, vocation, potency, meaning, and essence. Existential positions are explored for endorsements of the state of anxiety. Lastly, the authors make an argument for considering ontological vertigo as a natural state instead of seeking false senses of stability.

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Factors Affecting Online Infidelity: A Review

Author(s): Mücahit Mustafa KAYA,Mehmet ŞAKİROĞLU / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Online infidelity has been a topic of discussion for the past two decades. Hence, while it is on the agenda of current researches, the associated factors of online infidelity have not yet been sufficiently clarified. The current review examines factors affecting online infidelity in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. In the review the studies were included considering the criteria of (i) being an empirical study, (ii) being written in Turkish or English, (iii) being published in peer-reviewed journals (iv), evaluating at least one factor that may affect online infidelity. Eight studies which include factors affecting online infidelity were examined and the findings of these studies were evaluated. More positive attitudes towards infidelity, lower relationship commitment, higher quality of alternative partners, lower marital quality, higher loneliness, lower relationship satisfaction, higher relationship uncertainty, anxious and avoidant attachment, and being in a strong position were found significantly associated with online infidelity.

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Examination of the Role of Defense Mechanisms and Attachment Styles in Personality Disorder Beliefs among Nonclinical and Clinical Samples

Author(s): Yıldız Bilge,Nesrin Karamustafalıoğlu,Nihal Kanlısu,Aylin Özdemir / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2022

Attachment styles, defense mechanisms, and the underlying personality disorders’ personality beliefs are considered to be closely related to psychopathology. The aim of this study is to compare the scores of attachment styles, defense mechanisms, and personality beliefs variables in a non-clinical group and a clinical group diagnosed with depression, obsessive-compulsive, and anxiety disorder and to examine the relationships between these variables. A total of 178 participated in the study, 59 of which were in the clinical group and 119 in the nonclinical group. The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF), The Defense Style Questionnaire-40 (DSQ-40), and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) were applied to the participants. Avoidant, dependent, passive-aggressive, obsessive-compulsive (OC), antisocial, schizoid, paranoid, and borderline personality belief scores were found to be higher in the clinical group, while mature defense scores were significantly higher in the nonclinical group. On the other hand, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of attachment styles. According to multiple linear regression analysis results, attachment styles and defense mechanisms predicted personality disorder beliefs in the range of 19.5% to 33.5% for the clinical group and 22.7% to 46.9% for the nonclinical group. In conclusion, the findings suggest that attachment styles and defense mechanisms may contribute to the understanding of the etiological causes of personality disorders and may be helpful in the treatment of personality disorders.

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Sleep Disorders during Adolescence

Author(s): Serkan YAZICI,Bedriye ÖNCÜ ÇETİNKAYA / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Sleep disorders during adolescence period increase each year and adversely affect the physical and mental health of adolescents. After-school social activities and various work outside the school may cause delays in bedtime. In addition, there can be shifts in the circadian rhythm due to a number of biological changes seen in the transition to adolescence, which can result in a wide range of sleep problems, such as not being able to fall asleep at night, difficulty waking up in the morning, daytime sleepiness, sleep deprivation and deterioration in sleep quality. It is important to know the causes of sleep disorders, possible effects on physical health and mental health, and protective and risk-forming factors seen in adolescent period; to intervene in these disorders and to develop preventive measures. Preventive measures, such as increasing awareness about sleep disorders in adolescents, informing families and adolescents about the issue, and organizing school start-up times for this age group, may contribute significantly to solving this important issue, which has increased year-to-year.

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Effect of Emotional Content on Memory Characteristics: Emotional Valence, Emotional Intensity, and Individual Emotions

Author(s): İnci Boyacıoğlu,Kıvanç Konukoğlu,Tolga Ergiyen / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2022

The aim of the present study is to examine the relationships between the emotional valence and emotional intensity of autobiographical memories and the phenomenological characteristics of memories in the context of individual emotions and memory types. Seven hundred and sixty-four students (514 female, 250 male) from Dokuz Eylul University participated in the study. Participants were asked to recall an childhood memory, a self-defining memory, or a romantic relationship memory. After thinking about the memory they remember, they were requested to fill out the Autobiographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire and a scale for intensity of individual emotions. Regression analyses showed that emotional intensity of the memories predicted the sensory details, rehearsal, and preoccupation with emotions. In moderatedmediation analyses, mediating effects for emotional intensity were detected between individual emotions and memory characteristics, except for the negative self-esteem emotions. Among these analyses, a moderating effect of memory types was detected only for the relationships between hostile emotions and anxiety-related emotions and the memory characteristics through the mediation of emotional intensity. While the intensity of singular emotions showed stronger relationship with emotional valence, the main variable that predicted memory characteristics overall was the emotional intensity

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Association of Life Satisfaction, Cognitive Distortions About Relationships and Psychological Vulnerability with the Fear of Happiness Among Teachers

Author(s): İmran Elmas / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2022

This study examined the relationship of teachers’ interpersonal cognitive distortions, life satisfaction, and psychological vulnerability on fear of happiness. The study group consists of 738 teachers who work in the center and districts of Hakkari province in the 2020-2021 academic year and voluntarily participated in the research. Personal Information Form, Fear of Happiness Scale, Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale, The Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Psychological Vulnerability Scale were used to collect data in this study. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there was a moderately positive relationship between fear of happiness and interpersonal cognitive distortions, a low negative relationship between life satisfaction, and a low-level positive relationship between psychological vulnerability. It was determined that there was a low-level negative relationship between life satisfaction and relationship-related cognitive distortions and psychological vulnerability, and a positive significant relationship between relationship-related cognitive distortions and psychological vulnerability. Stepwise Regression analysis was used to determine whether interpersonal cognitive distortions, satisfaction with life, and psychological vulnerability were predicted on fear of happiness. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that cognitive distortions, life satisfaction, and psychological vulnerability variable had a statistically significant effect on fear of happiness.

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Relationship Between Married Individuals’ Relations with Their Family of Origin and Coping Styles with Stress

Author(s): Tuğba Aşkan,Esra Çalik Var,Birgül Özkan / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between the family of origin relations and coping styles with stress in the married individuals. This research, which was conducted as a relational screening model was carried out with 150 married and at least high school graduates living in Ankara, selected with a purposeful sample. The data was obtained using the Information Form, Family of Origin Relations Inventory (FORI) and Styles of Coping Inventory (SCI). In married individuals,(n=150) the mean total score of SCI was 78.32±7.98; The mean total score of the FORI was found to be 26.51±4.50. There was no significant relationship between the total scores of FORI and SCI; It was determined that there is a positive correlation between the self-confident approach, helpless approach and submissive approach, which are the sub-dimensions of SCI, and the total score of the FORI. As a result, it was found that there was no relationship between family of origin relations and stress coping styles in married individuals, but as the relations with the family of origin relations improved, the use of self-confident approach, helpless approach and submissive approach increased among coping styles. For this reason, it is recommended to plan psychosocial interventions that will raise awareness about the relationship between their family of origin relations and their coping styles in order to enable married individuals to cope functionally

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Predictive Effect of Social Cognitive Skills on Social Anxiety

Author(s): Nesibe Olgun Kaval,Haluk Arkar / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2022

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social anxiety and social cognition skills (emotion identification/ discrimination, theory of mind, attribution bias, social functioning) and to investigate the predictive power of social cognition skills on social anxiety. In the study, it was also investigated whether social anxiety, social cognition skills and depression scores differed according to gender, age, reported diagnosis status and anxiety level. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 385 participants between the ages of 18-60. The research data were collected from the participants online using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the Facial Emotion Identification and Facial Emotion Discrimination Tests, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Internal, Personal and Situational Attributes Scale, the Social Functioning Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Sociodemographic Information Form. It was determined that there was a negative relationship between social anxiety and emotion recognition, emotion discrimination and mind reading, and a positive relationship with externalization bias and depression. It was found that depression, emotion recognition and discrimination, mind reading, and antecedent social activities scale scores significantly predicted social anxiety. These variables explain 52% of the total variance related to social anxiety. In addition, when the depression effect was controlled, it was seen that social cognition skills explained 32% of the variance related to social anxiety. It was determined that the deterioration in social cognition skills and depression scores were associated with an increase in social anxiety. According to the results obtained from the research, suggestions were made to prevent social anxiety. It is suggested that it would be beneficial to include activities to develop social cognition skills, which are important for individuals’ interpersonal communication, within intervention programs.

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Relationship Between Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder and Suicide in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Author(s): Mahmut Onur Karaytuğ,Lut Tamam,Mehmet Emin Demirkol,Zeynep Namlı / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2022

The present study aimed to investigate the comorbidity of adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) and the relationship between this comorbidity and suicide in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). A total of 138 outpatients with BD at remission between the ages of 18-65 years and 63 healthy controls were included in our study. All participants were administered a sociodemographic data form, Hamilton Depression Scale (HMDS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire, and Structured Clinical Interview for Separation Anxiety Symptoms (ASAD-SCI). The age and gender of the participants did not differ significantly between the control group, the BD and BD+ASAD groups. The mean age of the participants was 42.3±11.9 years. When categorized according to gender, 42.3% of the participants were male and 57.7% were female. ASAD was detected in 46.3% of the participants. The suicide attempt rate was significantly higher in the BD and BD+ASAD groups than in the control group. The rate of suicide attempt was significantly higher in the BD+ASAD group than in the BD group. We demonstrated that the comorbidity of ASAD was associated with previous suicide attempts in patients with BD. Recognizing and treating ASAD in patients with BD may reduce suicide attempts in these patients.

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