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Aberrational Socialization as a New Type of Socialization of an Individual in Modern Information Society

Author(s): Vitalii Kurylo,Sergii Savchenko,Olena Karaman / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article deals with the substantiation of the notion of “aberrational socialization” as a new type of socialization of an individual in modern information society.Based on the analysis of the main provisions of the classical theory of socialization of individuals and taking into account the peculiarities of modern information and psychological warfare aimed at unleashing military conflicts, affecting people’s mass and individual consciousness that causes transformation of a man’s psychic, change of system of values, attitudes, views, thoughts, opinions, activities and behavior, the authors introduce the notion of “aberrational socialization” which they understand as a negative, distorted, misinterpreted, strained socialization, i.e. a formation of an individual with explicit negative and distorted social characteristics under the influence of external factors and aggravated by a person’s individual features.The authors describe the essential characteristics of aberrational socialization of an individual and work out social and psychological mechanisms that can prevent the development of this negative type of socialization in conditions of modern information society.The conclusion is made about the necessity to work out a social and pedagogical content and technologies of the formation of an individual’s psychological resistance, his information and psychological security which have to become a foundation for the transformation of aberrational socialization into a successful socialization and self-realization of a person.

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Abordarea conceptului de fericire în mediul studențesc

Author(s): Ioana Așevschi,Svetlana Rusnac / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/2019

This research presents the results of the focus group on views on the concept ofhappiness. The focus group was made on a sample of 45 students from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year ofstudy, which were divided into three groups: 1) Law specialty – 17 persons; 2) ecology andenvironmental protection – 11 persons; 3) International Relations and Economic Sciences – 17persons. Questions addressed in the focus group: discussion and appreciation of ten aphorisms abouthappiness; analyzing and arranging by importance ten words of the social representation ofhappiness, previously researched by the author on a larger sample; defining the notion of happinessetc.

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Abordarea tulburărilor psihoemoționale la pacienţii oncologici

Author(s): Olga Cara,Veronica Calancea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2022

The diagnosis of cancer remains a devastating diagnosis, an emotional catastrophe that prevents the functioning of important coping mechanisms created during life, it is a blow that destroys the self-image of any person. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of despair in oncology patients at the diagnostic stage. The study was of a cross-sectional descriptive type, using scales, inventories and standardized psychological evaluation questionnaires applied to primary hospitalized patients (diagnosis/psychological screening stage). The study group included 52 patients. The psychotherapeutic intervention program proved to be effective in terms of functional thinking, sense of self-efficacy, and adaptive coping.

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Academic integrity “captured” by a personality-based test

Author(s): Predrag Okanović,Dragana Okanović,Dušanka Mitrović,Nebojša Majstorović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

The main goal of this study was to develop and validate a personality-based academic integrity test which could serve as a predictor of students’ academic dishonesty. A new Academic Integrity Test (AIT), based on methodological principles accepted in the field of work integrity, was created during this study. The test was developed on one student sample (N=350), and then validated on another (N=471). Validation of the AIT confirmed its relations with three dimensions previously found to be consistent correlates of work integrity measures – Conscientiousness, Aggressiveness and Neuroticism, with the addition of Negative Valence. The correlation between the AIT and a cognitive ability measure was not significant, which is in accordance with previous research. The test retained significant relations with the aforementioned personality measures in simulated applicant condition (except with Neuroticism), leading to the conclusion that the AIT maintains construct validity in situations susceptible to self-presentation.

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Acculturation Process and Ethnic Identity of Immigrants in Germany

Author(s): Liudmyla Smokova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

In the present study, we discuss psychological acculturation, by which we mean the internal processes of change that immigrants experience when they come into direct contact with members of the host culture. The model we present builds on research in the areas of social and ethnic identity. Each of these perspectives is discussed in accordance with its relevance to the acculturative processes operating in immigrants. We understand ethnic identity as a dynamic state, that is determined by three components: (1) by the degree of inclusion in the group of one’s cultural origin; (2) the tendency to assimilate to the ethnic group of origin; and (3) the complementary tendency to differentiate from one’s own ethnic group. Social identity conveys belonging of the individual to different social categories and the value as well as emotional significance of this membership. We have sought to explain how the processes of social categorization, inand out-group identification and social comparison predetermine the direction of the acculturation process and hence the intercultural interaction and wellbeing of the youth from immigrant backgrounds in Germany. Results indicated that immigrants who have more identified themselves with dominant society have expressed the strong preference to integration strategies. The immigrants that had a high degree of ethnic identification have expressed the low preference to the integration as well to marginalization and assimilation. In its turn, the powerful feeling of belonging to an ethnic group and attitude towards the group promotes immigrants segregation choice.

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Acta Oeconomica Universitatis Selye

Frequency: 2 issues / Country: Slovakia

<p>Acta Oeconomica Universitatis Selye is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Faculty of Economics and Informatics of the J. Selye University in Komárno. There are original scientific papers published in the journal in the following fields: economics and economy, management and marketing, trade and businesses, quantitative methods and statistics, management ethics and management psychology..</p>

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Activity matters: Physical exercise and stress coping during the 2020 COVID-19 state of emergency

Author(s): Stanislava Popov,Jelena Sokić,Dušan Stupar / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

Recent studies have demonstrated that social isolation during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental and physical health of people worldwide. However, it remains unknown whether physical activity can improve mental health in a state of emergency. The present study aimed to examine the importance of physical exercising and stress management mechanisms (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidant) in the context of mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, and nonspecific stress) in conditions of social isolation during COVID-19-induced lockdown in Serbia. The sample consisted of 680 adults (66% female), mean aged 35.91years (SD = 12.45). The results indicated a significant relation between physical exercising and a reduced stress response and confirmed the usefulness of the already well-known problem-focused strategies. Avoidant and emotion-focused coping were associated with poorer mental health outcomes. However, as a moderator, physical activity lowered anxiety levels in individuals prone to emotion-focused coping.

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ACTUAL TENDENCY IN INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

Author(s): Andreea Szalontay,Alina Mihaela Pascu,Andreea Teodorescu,Dan Minea,Petru IFTENI / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2015

Patients with schizophrenia requiring long-term institutionalization represent cases with poor outcome, often leading to high costs for patients and family and constituting a huge economical burden for society if patients are young. The aims of the study were identification of characteristics and predictors of institutionalization in schizophrenia. Retrospective study of all institutionalized patients with schizophrenia in Brasov County, Romania, with a DSM-IV-TR lifetime diagnosis of schizophrenia institutionalized between 1995 and 2014. Institutionalized patients between 2005 and 2014 (n=172) had lower age (51.15 vs. 57.08, p<0.05) and lower age at institutionalization compared with patients admitted between 1995 and 2004. Lower education level (8.23 vs. 13.22, p<0.05), only one parent, multiple antipsychotics treatments and suboptimal response under first generation long acting antipsychotics are predictors for institutionalization. Our study showed a tendency to institutionalize patients with schizophrenia at the younger age compared with other periods. Early intervention in psychosis, controlled treatment with SGAs should be solutions to avoid institutionalization of young patients with schizophrenia.

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Addressing the psycho-pedagogy of learning difficulties. Implications to the various components of personality

Author(s): Horatiu Catalano / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2009

Unter Lernschwierigkeiten versteht man folgendes: es treten Probleme auf, die die Kapazität des Gehirns, bei der Rezeption, bei der Lagerung und bei der Aktualisierung der Informationen hindern; diese Lernschwierigkeiten haben nichts mit Intelligenz zu tun, sondern nur mit der mangelhaften Behandlung der Informationen. Diese Mangel werden durch Störungen in der Entwicklung oder durch Probleme auf der Ebene der Aufmerksamkeit, des Gedächtnisses, der Koordination, der Kommunikation, des Lesens, des Schreibens, der Rechtschreibung, der mathematischen Rechnung und der Sozialisation bemerkbar. Wenn man die oben genannten Angaben aufmerksam betrachtet, dann kann man sehr leicht darauf schließen, dass Lernschwierigkeiten durch unzählige Faktoren ausgelöst werden können, und ihre Überwindung und Heilung erfordert sehr vorsichtige psychopödagogische Analysen.

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Adı Vasfiye ve Dağınık Yatak filmlerinin Carl Rogers’ın kişilik kuramı bağlamında incelenmesi

Author(s): İrem Onur Akveran,Pelin Erdal Aytekin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Sp. Iss/2020

Within the wide area of representation of cinema, woman's personality structure experienced a sharp change in Yeşilçam Cinema and this change was reflected on the culture, art and consequently individual over politics. As an area of art where cultural changes affect large masses in Turkey, Yeşilçam Cinema has distinctive qualities in terms of the representation and formation of woman's personality. While the stereotyped woman reflected in Yeşilçam Cinema before 1980 had a radical nature with being good and bad, being good was represented with passive characteristics, and being bad with negative characteristics such as the display of sexuality and greed. After 1980, woman's identity and personality development turned away from this dilemma into a more realistic representation; this transformation was interpreted as woman's liberation (Onaran, 1995: 15-16). This transformation was seen in the 'women's films' by Atıf Yılmaz in the 1980s. In these films, woman, as in other Yeşilçam films, is in the center of the film and reflects a different representation of a woman, who accepted the roles determined for women depending on the social gender without any condition and who was kept in the house. With the representation of a 'free woman', Müjde Ar consecutively appeared before the audience as similar characters. Hence, Adı Vasfiye (1985) and Dağınık Yatak (1984) by Atıf Yılmaz starring Müjde Ar in the leading role can be seen as the examples of the representation of the woman interpreted as the woman's liberation. Therefore, it was aimed to psychologically discuss the new representation of free woman in Adı Vasfiye and Dağınık Yatak on the basis of Carl Rogers' theory of personality and present it with the interpretive approach. The character represented by Müjde Ar in Adı Vasfiye and Dağınık Yatak was not as free as interpreted in Carl Rogers' theory of personality, where he defined the 'self-actualized', self-made human, and did not fulfill the personality structure of the self-made human characteristics defined by Carl Rogers.

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Adölesanlarda Teknolojik Oyun Bağımlılığı İle Karakter Gelişimi Arasındaki İlişki

Author(s): Yaren Çakır,Nazan Turan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Suppl. 1/2021

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between technological game addiction and character development in adolescents in order to contribute to the practices and approaches of psychiatric nurses. The research sample consists of 134 adolescents (Female: 84, Male:50). The data was collected using the Participant Information Form, Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents- Short Form and the Character Growth Index which were developed by the researcher in the light of literature. The analysis determined that game addiction differed according to variables such as gender, family structure, the availability of unlimited internet at home and showed that game addiction negatively influences character development. As a result of the study, it can be recommended that psychiatric nurses and other health professionals serving in the field of mental health should cooperate with school health nurses, guidance teachers and families to raise awareness about this issue and implement preventive measures.

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Adolescent psychosocial development in Brno: An ELSPAC Study 2005–2011

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Our longitudinal findings are in line with published research describing current adolescence as a dynamic stage of life during which an individual‟s personal participation or influence on his or her development sharply increases. This leads, amongst other things, to higher variability of developmental changes and to an erosion of some stereotypes about the psychological and social life of adolescents. The respondents of the Brno longitudinal study (ELSPAC) represent a new generation of Czech adolescents. They were born in the time of turbulent social changes when political, economic and cultural conditions were significantly changing bringing along shifts in lifestyles, social norms and values of all generations including the parents of current adolescents. It can be hypothesised this society-wide change partially moderated the traditional inter generational conflict between adolescents and adults. We can speculate that the adults, not only the adolescents, partially spent the past two decades searching for a new personal and social identity (e.g. career changes, social security decrease, increase in personal freedom and responsibility of own life course). What was appreciated in the beginning of the 1990s as new possibilities – e.g. freedom in opinions and attitudes, opportunity to attain quality education, foreign travel, opportunities for self-actualisation etc. – is perceived as commonplace by today‟s adolescents.

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Adolescents‟ career plans in the context of their self-concept

Author(s): Ivana Poledňová,Vladimír Marček,Martina Čavnická / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Vocational choice is understood as one of the developmental tasks in the adolescence period, which has been conceived broadly in scholarly literature as the entire period of transition from childhood to adulthood. In this period, young people usually intensively think about their future, set their life goals and their occupational orientation is formed. Ifthis developmental stage shall be successful, i.e. effectively transformed into the following stage, the adolescent must keep (or establish) a positive relationship to oneself and at the same time also have a prospect of perspective positive development.

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Advances in Contemplative Social Research

Author(s): Krzysztof T. Konecki / Language(s): English

This book is unique and audacious, and fits very well with current tendencies within qualitative research. It introduces new, fresh threads to questions and concerns that are highly significant for contemporary social sciences. The formulated conclusions go beyond directly methodological issues, posing key philosophical questions to the whole project of Western sociology.Grażyna WoronieckaFrom the review of the bookDeep contemplation of the situation could be the epistemological choice for social scientists. It is a fundamentally different approach to the research, where the investigator is researching the object but also the situation of research and her-self/him-self. Contemplating is a dual way of the approaching the truth. It does not mean that the researcher is mentally divided; just the opposite, she/he wants to be complete and achieve the unity of being as a researcher-human being and an element of the situation (psycho-social and historical). Contemplating enables researchers to see how the mind works and creates the images and reports from the field – what is available for the mind and what is silent or repressed because of the dominating rhetoric of description and rhetoric of feeling?... Contemplation is not only analysis, it is also an ethical choice of stopping here and now to see the situation clearly and reporting it with the all reservations that could be the result of the mindfully-observed interaction of mind, self, and situation at one historical moment.From the Introduction

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Aesthetic Experience and the Emotional Content of Paintings

Author(s): Slobodan Marković / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

In this study we investigated the relationship between aesthetic experience and other emotional qualities judged in paintings. Aesthetic experience was defined as an exceptional state of mind in which a person is focused on a particular object, transcending its everyday uses and meanings and losing the awareness of surroundings and even of himself/herself. In this state a person has an exceptional emotional experience, that is a feeling of unity with the object. Our basic idea is that aesthetic experience is not reducible to pleasure or a positive hedonic tone, but a person can equally be fascinated with both pleasant and unpleasant objects. In preliminary studies we specified the stimulus set of figural and semi-figural paintings, and a set of descriptors of emotions, feelings and aesthetic experience. Participants judged the paintings on descriptors (seven-point scales). Factor analysis revealed two large factors: the bipolar factor Affective Tone (descriptors on the positive pole: lovely, charming, cheerful, etc; descriptors on the negative pole: scary, disgusting, hateful etc.) and Aesthetic Experience (descriptors: exceptional, profound, unique, etc.). Additional analyses have shown no significant correlation between the two factors. These findings confirmed our idea that aesthetic experience is independent of pleasure or affective attraction, and that it can be induced by both pleasant and unpleasant paintings.

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Aesthetics and Creativity. Identity Configurations

Author(s): Livia Durac / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Reflecting on human attitude towards reality, together with deciphering the emotional code that accompanies it, has configured - in time – the aesthetic universe, open to human reflection, creation, and evaluation. Aesthetics appears through the way in which consciousness reacts and capitalises upon things in nature and society, or which belong to human subjectivity, including on artistic work, which have an effect on sensitiveness due to their harmony, balance and grandeur. As a fundamental attribute of the human being, creativity is the engine of cultural evolution, meaning the degree of novelty that man brings in his ideas, actions, and creations. Aesthetical values, together with the other types of values, contribute to what society represents and to what it can become, hence motivating human action and creation. Their role is to create a state of mind that encourages the cohesion, cooperation, and mutual understanding of the society. Integrating a chronological succession of the evolution of the concepts that objectify its structure, its aesthetics and creativity, this article stresses the synergetic nature of the two dimensions of human personality, paving the way to beauty, as a form of enchantment of the human spirit.

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AFEKTIVNA VEZANOST U DJETINJSTVU KAO PREDIKTOR STRESA, ANKSIOZNOSTI, DEPRESIVNOSTI I ADVERZIVNIH ISKUSTAVA KOD MLADIH

Author(s): Elvir Ibeljić,Miroslav Đurić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2021

This research aims to determine the impact of affective attachment in childhood as a predictor of stress, anxiety, depression, and adversive experiences in young people. The research sample consisted of 202 subjects, gender-balanced (Nm = 102; Nf= 100), who come from the area of the city of Bihać and its suburbs. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DASS scale), the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE) and the Family Affective Attachment Questionnaire (PAVb) have been used for the research. The incompleteness of a family impairs the family structure and disturbs its nature which can leads to the pathology of affective attachment. This research proved it to be a significant predictor of internalizing (symptoms of anxiety and depression) changes in behavior with young people (p<.01). The inconsistency of family relationships also leads to potentially traumatic and adversive experiences that one could have experienced in the period from their birth to the age of 18 whose symptomatology was seen at a statistically significant level (p <.01) in our research. Studies indicate consistent differences in gender in which women have more intense internalizing symptoms than men. This has not been shown in this research through statistical significance. However, due to differences between men and women in terms of adolescence in the context of coping with stressful situations the results of this study prove there are certain differences in which men show statistically significant (p <.01) manifestations of depression and on average they also express more symptoms of anxiety and adversive experiences. On the other hand, women show only statistically significant (p <.01) manifestation of stress symptoms.

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Aggressive Coping Strategy in Situations of Social Conflict. An Attempt to Determine Personality Predictors

Author(s): Danuta Borecka-Biernat / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The purpose of the study was to find personality predictors of aggressive coping strategies in adolescents in situations of social conflict. The empirical studies have been conducted in junior high schools on a sample of 893 adolescents (468 girls and 425 boys) aged 13-15. The study employed the following instruments: the Stress Assessment Questionnaire (Kwestionariusz Oceny Stresu, KOS) designed by D. Włodarczyk and K. Wrześniewski, The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the Spielberger Three-Factor Inventory of Personality States and Traits (TISCO), as well as the Questionnaire for Analysis of Coping Strategies in Adolescents in Situations of Social Conflict (KSMK) designed by D. Borecka-Biernat. The results of the studies indicate that the assessment of a situation of conflict as a threat increases the implementation of the aggressive coping strategy in young people in situations of social conflict. Participation of adolescents in a situation in which the realization of their goals is under threat increases negative emotions. Aggression is a form of coping with anger experienced in a situation of social conflict.

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Aggressiveness in the HEXACO Personality Model

Author(s): Valentina Sokolovska,Bojana Dinić,Aleksandar Tomašević / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

The a im of this research was to examine the relations between the HEXACO facets and aggressiveness components (anger, vengefulness, domination, hostility, reactive aggression, proactive aggression, and indirect aggression). On a sample of 654 participants from general population, HEXACO–60, Aggressiveness Questionnaire AVDH, Reactive–Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ), and Indirect Aggression Scale (IAS) were applied. The results of the community structure network analysis provided the most informative insight into these relations and showed that all aggressiveness components formed a single community with the Agreeableness facets. Thereby, facet Patience was the strongest correlate of anger, and hostility had the highest clustering coefficient, which brings together the Agreeableness facets and aggressiveness components. Although Honesty–Humility formed a separate community, some of its facets had strong isolated connections with indirect aggression and dominance. The results revealed that Agreeableness is a dominant correlate of aggressiveness and captures all aggressiveness components, while Honesty– Humility is related to specific components, referring to a manifestation of aggressiveness in a more subtle and indirect way.

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AGING IN THE PERCEPTION OF YOUNG PEOPLE - SELECTED CORRELATES OF PERSONALITY

Author(s): Justyna Kurtyka-Chałas / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

In the context of the demographic and psychosocial changes capturing the factors that are relevant to theprocess of perception of the aging process and their own old age becomes a significant problem. The articlediscusses the results of the study conducted on a group of 430 people on the factors determining the per-ception of old age by young people. Presented selected results relate to the personality correlates of per-ception of the aging process.

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