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Въвеждане на ученици и студенти в практическата астрономия посредством инструменти на Виртуалната обсерватория

Author(s): Alexander Kurtenkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Large-scale astronomical surveys from the last decades have turned the usage of catalogs and archival data into one of the primary skills of contemporary observational astronomers. Virtual observatory tools give high school and university students the opportunity to conduct astronomical research by themselves, using freely available observational data. For this purpose, they need basic theoretical knowledge in astronomy. The current paper includes a review of this theoretical knowledge as well as a review of Virtual observatory tools suitable for students. Results obtained by students using VO tools at the Beli Brezi Summer School in Astronomy and Astrophysics are presented as well.

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On the Synchronization of Candle Oscillators

Author(s): Yavor Yordanov / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

In this study we will investigate an interesting collective behavior of candles. It has been observed that when several candles burn close to each other they form a common flame that exhibits oscillations in size and brightness. If two such oscillators burn together, they interact and the oscillations of the resultant system depend on the distance between them. The aim of this investigation, inspired by Problem 5 of the International Young Physicists Tournament in 2021, is to theoretically explain the phenomenon through overlapping of hot gas flows and radiation, as well as to check our understanding and measure additional parameters experimentally using advanced techniques, such as high speed schlieren photography.

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Recognition of Fake News in Sports

Author(s): Petko Dimov / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2021

This report examines the phenomenon of “fake news” and the influence which disinformation has in the contemporary sports information space. The problem, regarding their wide spread in the contemporary information space and their gradual transition from political life to the world of sports, leads to the necessity of defining and classifying fake news in the sports information space in order to offer a mechanism for their recognition and a practical tool supporting this activity. In the age of fake news, sports stars need security and real connections with the media to improve their performance. With the help of the literary analysis of the specialized sources, examples of disinformation in sports stories have been found, and consequently definitions of fake news, propaganda and disinformation have been proposed. After a review of specialized sources, a classification of ten types of fake news in sports has been made, giving real examples from the lives of Bulgarian athletes. Hence, a simplified seven-step algorithm has been developed to support users' critical thinking and decision-making when evaluating news in the media space. As a result of the proposed classification of “fake news” in sports and the created algorithm, a practical online tool has been created which would help the analysis of given information and the recognition of signs of fake news in online sports media. The tool has been created with the help of the HTML programming language HTML in the form of a webpage which is accessible from anywhere in the world. It is a set of applications that identify all types of fake content in the contemporary information space. This tool can be used to improve the security of athletes and even their game performance.

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За необходимостта от психологизация на съвременния образователен процес

Author(s): Daniela Boyanova-Minkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Relying on the theory of generational differences that arises in the United States in the late 20th century and the new scientific field of psychodidactics, this presentation justifies the need for psychologization of modern education. In order for the educational process to be beneficial, it is no longer enough to simply use innovative educational approaches, high technologies and modern learning systems. The need for a radically different type of relationship between teacher and students inside and outside the classroom comes to the fore, which should be built based on a new ethical mutual responsibility, synergy and creative cooperation.

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VISIBLE LEARNING AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION. A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Author(s): Dragoş Grigorescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

In the context of increasing public interest in the performance of learning for students or parents, the best example of measuring efficiency is the well-known Hattie Ranking, which measures the most effective educational measures applicable to the classroom in order to increase students' school performance. In this paper we propose an analysis of several didactic interventions that we later relate to intrinsic motivation as it is built in Self-Determination Theory. As the area of analysis is very large, the Hattie scale today counts 252 indicators, so we limited ourselves to the way in which the educational interventions from the top Hattie were synthesized and adapted by researchers from the Brio Adviser platform and summarized to 24 indicators in the Romanian educational context.

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‘Instigators,’ ‘Hooligans,’ ‘Sex Maniacs,’ ‘Drug Addicts,’ ‘Alcoholics…’. The Image of Students ’ Protests Mirrored in the Rhetoric of the State

Author(s): Renata Czekalska / Language(s): English Issue: 59/2019

In February 2016, the students of Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi began to protest against the violation of basic democratic freedoms by Narendra Modi’s government. The protest was quickly supported by other Indian universities, and the campaigns organized by students happened in all the important academic centres in India. The purpose of this paper is to show selected examples of language expressions employed by the Indian authorities against the student protesters and used in the official Indian media, to describe the actions taken by protests’ participants, as well as to compare the language of the Indian authorities and media used against protesting students in the second decade of the 21st century with some official statements about student protests in Poland under the communist regime.

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Типология на творческите задачи и мястото им в обучението по математика

Author(s): Sevdalina Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

One of the main tasks of modern education is to develop the creative abilities of students. The formation of creative personalities is achievable by applying creative teaching, which can be realized through a well-chosen system of creative tasks to achieve various didactic goals - problems for discovering new knowledge, problems with open beginning or end, problems with missing or more data, problems for compiling a given mathematical model or final goal. This article offers analysis and typology of creative tasks based on the defined concept of a math problem, as a system of four components – initial state, final state, solution of the problem, basis of the solution of the problem. For demonstration, a mathematical problem is reformulated in different variations at all levels of difficulty.

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Стигма и социални дистанции при зрелостници спрямо хора с психични разстройства

Author(s): Simeon I. Sapundzhiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The project is dedicated to people with mental disorders, stigmatizing attitudes and social distances, manifested by graduate students. Different aspects of stigmatization and social distance are considered theoretically – fear, refusal to participate in cooperative activities, presence of a negative attitude, adverse treatment, aggression and more. At the end, there are made recommendations to overcome stigma and social distances. Empirical findings show that graduate students exhibit negative attitudes and social distances toward people with mental disorders, but they are well below the average levels for the Bogardus Social Distance Scale. The actual group of respondents definitely maintaining friendly relations with members of the target group and does not mind establishing a specialized center for dealing with people with mental disorders in the city or in their neighborhood.

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Survey Of Maritime Student Satisfaction: A Сase Study On The International Student Survey To Identify The Satisfaction Of students In Mathematical Courses

Author(s): Anita Gudelj,Jeļena Liģere,Inga Zaitseva-Pärnast,Agata Załęska-Fornal / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

This study presents the analyses of students’ preferences, satisfaction and perception of learning mathematical subjects at higher education maritime institutions in Croatia, Latvia, Estonia and Poland. All these institutions participate as project partners in the MareMathics project. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching and learning mathematics, a preliminary student survey was conducted in all project partner institutions. Two indicators were analyzed: exam success rate and learning outcomes achieved. The developed online questionnaire contained a number of questions about the teaching methods and tools used by lecturers. Students assessed the impact of different teaching methods, expressed their satisfaction with learning materials, their impact on the results achieved by them, and the overall course. The analysis of the obtained data revealed that students faced difficulties in completing their tasks within subjects on mathematics and statistics. These research results lead to the conclusion that the used methods and tools of teaching mathematics and statistics, which are the essential influential factors on the overall satisfaction of students, are not effective and need to be modernized in the institutions under consideration. And this fact is crucial in the process of study and teaching of mathematical subjects as those subjects make up the base and necessary tools in learning other courses contained in the study program, especially in technical and engineering studies.

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Evaluation Of Cruiser Traffic Variables In Seaports Of The Republic Of Croatia

Author(s): Maja Račić,Katerina Balić,Mira Pavlinović,Antonija Mišura / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

The paper analyses the data on ship and passenger availability in the busiest ports in the Republic of Croatia. In order to evaluate the variables related to cruiser traffic in seaports in the period from 2015 to 2023 in the Republic of Croatia, it was first necessary to determine the following most important variables of the proposed model: the port of Dubrovnik, the port of Split, the port of Zadar, the port of Rijeka and the port of Šibenik. The trends in passenger traffic from 2015 to 2023 for the five most important cruise ports in the Republic of Croatia were investigated. The values of the selected model variables were quantified on an index scale from zero to 100. This form of tourism is becoming more and more present on the international tourist market, offering numerous favourable opportunities, especially in the Mediterranean area. Due to its geo-traffic position, mild climate and rugged coastline, the Republic of Croatia is one of the most desirable cruising destinations in the world. The aim of this paper is to investigate and evaluate the cruise traffic variables of the busiest ports in the Republic of Croatia and to compare the observed ports with the port of Barcelona, as one of the most important ports for cruise ships in the Mediterranean. The conducted research indicates the constant growth of this form of tourism in the Republic of Croatia with the obligation to implement well-thought-out policies and strategies in order to achieve long-term sustainability.

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Influence Of Optimism Upon The Accumulation Of Stress, Mental State And Perceived Risks For The Future Of Students, In The Conditions Of Covid–19 Pandemic

Author(s): Valeri Stoyanov / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

An empirical psychological study was conducted with students from Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The aim of the research was to test the role of optimism on the accumulation of stress in the conditions of pandemic of COVID-19, their mental states, experiences in connection with social isolation and perceived risks for the future and career. It has been found that optimism, as a generalized personal expectation, has a strong buffering effect on the impact of accumulated pandemic stress on students’ emotional states. Negative expectations do not have a significant effect on the emotional state. Optimism and negative expectations have no effect on fears for the future and perceived risks for young people as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Obviously, other personal and social factors determine the negative expectations for the acquired competencies during distance learning – online, as well as for more difficult careers and career problems for this reason. More pronounced negative expectations make it more difficult for students to tolerate social isolation, while optimism has no statistically significant impact on social isolation experiences during a pandemic. Students with more optimism perceive their mental state as stable, good, while those with reduced optimism and more pronounced negative expectations as shaky, depressed. The results of the study suggest the need for additional activity of higher education institutions in such conditions to support and advise students.

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The Lightship Mass Calculation Model Of A Merchant Ship By Empirical Methods

Author(s): Vedran Slapničar,Katarina Zadro,Victor Ložar,Ivo Ćatipović / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

Estimating the lightship mass is an important factor in the early stage of ship design given its impact on shipbuilding costs. The mass of the hull and equipment, as well as its distribution, affects the hull strength, deadweight, and stability of the ship. Furthermore, a good estimate of the lightship mass in the preliminary phase is very important for defining the construction costs as accurately as possible. As the time available to the designer in the conceptual or preliminary phase of ship design is often limited, the methods used to determine the lightship mass must be reliable, fast, and effective. The paper presents and analyzes methods for estimating the lightship mass that are based on empirical data of built ships. Several empirical methods were combined and calibrated to establish the least-squares method which combination gives the value of the lightship mass closest to the one given in the collected database for three types of merchant ships: tankers, bulk carriers, and container ships. The paper presents the results of the calculations of the masses of hull steel, outfitting, machinery, and superstructure. It can be concluded that the presented model for all three types of merchant ships gives satisfactory results.

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Impact Of Engine Room Simulator As A Tool For Training And Assessing Bsmare Students’ Performance In Engine Watchkeeping

Author(s): Charles Mangga,Paul Tibo-oc,Ronnie Montaño / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

Ship engine room simulator is a tool used by maritime academies that offer the Marine Engineering Program. According to the Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), to provide physical realism in training and assessment, simulators are employed. Assessment programs have the intent of providing results that educators will utilize to improve their teaching strategies and improve learner performance (Klinger et al. 2008). This study aimed to (1) Determine the level of competencies of the Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering cadets in Engine Watchkeeping with Resource Management before and after their exposure to the training on the use of the simulator as a tool for learning, and (2) To find out if there is a significant difference in the level of competencies of the cadets in Engine Watchkeeping before and after the training on the use of the simulator as a tool for learning. Mean and Wilcoxon tests were utilized to analyze the data. It was found that a significant difference in the level of competencies of the cadets in Engine Watchkeeping before and after the training, which implies that the Engine Room Simulator is a tool for learning and assessing the competencies of students in Engine Watchkeeping is effective. The study recommends that instructors should maximize the use of the available simulators in teaching the course. Students shall have a hands-on experience as supplementary to the theories that they learn.

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The Challenges Of Teaching English To The Marine Electrical Engineering Students

Author(s): Milena Dževerdanović-Pejović,Tatijana Dlabač / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

Teaching requirements for Maritime English teachers have been adapting to changes in social and work setting. The changing nature of the learning environment and the growing demand for the ETO (Electro-Technical Officer) at the seafaring market called for the need to adapt the English language learning plans to the language requirements of the amended STCW (International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers) code. Likewise, the students’ needs related to language competencies are also changing. The goal of this paper is to present the possibilities of teaching the English language to ETO students according to the requirements laid down by the IMO (International Maritime Organization), IMO Model Course 3.17, IMO Model Course 7.08 and the specificities of the ETO ranking. The choice of the language exercises presented in this paper rests on the blended teaching practices carried out at the Faculty of Maritime Studies Kotor with the Marine Electrical Engineering students. The article starts with theoretical insight about teaching the English language in the recent literature. In addition, the need for integration and cooperation between language and specific-subject teachers, the so-called “twinning” is also highlighted in the paper. Conclusions reached in this paper might motivate technical-related or specialized English practitioners to collaborate with their colleagues teaching professional subjects.

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On Education And Training In Maritime Communications And The Gmdss During The Covid-19

Author(s): Chavdar Alexandrov,Grozdyu Grozev,Georgi Dimitrov,Avgustin Hristov / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

This paper presents the experience of Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy (NVNA) teaching staff in providing education and training to students in Maritime communications and the GMDSS during the pandemic crisis. Within a one-year time period including a number of complete and partial lockdowns, many courses were organized in the Academy following all restrictions imposed by the situation. An attempt to find a solution for on-line/distance learning, practical face-to-face training with simulators and a combination thereof by using web-based information technologies is described. A methodology is presented where simulators have been used during complete lockdowns for on-line training, remaining in compliance with the requirements of IMO, international and national rules and regulations, such as SOLAS International Convention, the International Convention on standards of training, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers STCW78/95 and Ordinance No.6 on seafarers’ competence in the republic of Bulgaria. Advantages and disadvantages of on-line education and training in Maritime communications and the GMDSS are analyzed in depth. Examination results are presented in comparison with results of traditional education and training provided before the pandemic crisis. Some ideas for development and improvement of teaching methodologies based on modern web-based information technologies are discussed in the conclusions.

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Study Of Malaria Cases Among Seafarers In Croatia And The Causes Of Ineffective Chemoprophylaxis Among Them

Author(s): Rosanda Mulić,Andrea Russo,Iris Jerončić Tomić / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

Introduction: Malaria in Croatia was endemic until 1954, when the last autochthonous cases were reported. Now we have imported cases and the disease still most commonly affects seafarers and workers temporarily employed in malaria endemic countries. The aim of this study was to investigate ineffective malaria hemoprophylaxis among Croatian seafarers. Materials and methods: This study used the data collected by questionnaires that followed every imported case of malaria in Croatia. In addition, a survey was conducted among the seafarers attending the Special education program at the Faculty of Maritime Studies in Split, regarding their attitudes / reasons for not using chemoprophylaxis using a short questionnaire. Results: From the 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2019 there was a total of 108 imported malaria cases in Croatia, of which 22 (20.37%) referred to seafarers. In situations reporting the information whether the infected seafarers used chemoprophylaxis, twenty seafarers (91% of the overall infected) responded that they had not used chemoprophylaxis, while two of them (9.0%) responded that they had used it incorrectly. Conclusion: It appears that the main reason for avoiding chemoprophylaxis is the fear of side-effects. Some of the respondents, particularly the young ones, stated that they were not vaccinated – which is a proof of ignorance, as the vaccine does not exist. How to familiarise and motivate maritime students and seafarers to participate actively in protection against malaria – this is an issue that is important not only in Croatia but, presumably, in other countries as well.

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Implementation Of A Systematic Materials Selection Method In The Preliminary Design Of Propeller Shafts

Author(s): Liane Roldo,,Nedad Vulić / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

The materials selection charts also known as “Ashby” charts are a versatile tool in engineering design. The use of such material property charts is due to technical difficulties in specifying properties during the design of a complex and major component as in the case of a propeller shaft. In addition, the tool combines innovation, minimizes design failures and practicality to technology. The aim of the research is to present the methodology for selecting the most convenient material for a given shaft and its performance. Using a propeller shaft as showcase, the method is based on the analysis of the materials selection charts and of the material performance index of EDUPACK from GRANTA Design. The required properties may be: tensile strength, yield strength, fatigue strength, impact strength and resistance to corrosion, where not all of them are necessarily explicitly expressed. The Ashby charts, with their consistent results seem to be the proper tool for the eventual future proposal for the extension the UR M68 formula for the propeller shaft diameter to stainless steels.

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Propeller Load Modelling In The Calculations Of Marine Shafting Torsional Vibrations

Author(s): Nedad Vulić,Karlo Bratić,Branko Lalić,Ladislav Stazić / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

Technical rules of IACS classification societies require that calculations of torsional vibrations for all propulsion shafting systems, as well as for shafting systems of auxiliary machinery above certain power, shall be prepared, submitted and validated for the vessels requesting the class certificate. These calculations may be approached either by conventional analytical models based upon systems of ordinary differential equations describing the actual dynamic system, or by simulation modelling of the same dynamic system. The research team of the authors has been established within the R&D Centre of the Faculty of Maritime Studies at Split. The aim of the team is to investigate possibilities and constraints for implementation of the SimulationX software to the simulation modelling of torsional vibrations of dynamic systems, such as marine propulsion and auxiliary shafting. In general, results of these calculations depend upon the concept of the system (two-stroke vs. four-stroke Diesel engine, torsional vibration damper present or not, flexible coupling present or not, fixed pitch or controllable pitch propeller, etc.), dimensions of components, their material properties and service loading. Propeller load modelling within the service loading is very important. Even the preliminary research results show that its simplest part, i.e. the steady-state propeller loading of the system without taking excitations into account, may have a significant influence on the results of torsional vibrations calculation and consequently even to their acceptability by the class society. For this reason, the present paper describes two different ways to express propeller steady-state loading formulations, as prescribed by different sources and authorities, as well as their influence on the torsional vibrations calculation results and meeting the criteria of the IACS Unified Requirements, presenting them in a real verified and validated case study.

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Modeling Of The Dependence Of Co2 Contained In The Exhaust Gases On The Amount Of Hydrogen Gas Supplied To The Engine

Author(s): Hristo Hristov,Ivailo Bakalov,Bogdan Shopov,Dobromir Yovkov / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

The idea of this publication is to show how mathematical modeling presents dependence of CO2 in the exhaust gases. Using quadratic function obtained results are with good approximation. The future below to hydrogen about marine uses. Mathematical modeling is the best way to show how we can make an experiment with small database and that with mathematical function we receive a full picture of problem that we research with data which can’t receive with real experiment.

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Technical Diagnostics Of Marine Equipment With Pseudo-Discrete Features

Author(s): Natalia Nikolova,Kiril Tenekedjiev / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2021

We present a system for technical diagnostics (TD) that can recognize the actual state of marine equipment. A Bayesian classifier is trained to identify the different classes of a piece of equipment, monitored through multiple pseudo-discrete features. Data learning samples can be acquired with direct experiments for each class. The system is capable of merging subjective expert knowledge and data learning samples using pseudo-Bayesian estimates when the parameters of the conditional likelihood for the classes are identified. In the training process, correction is applied to solve numerical problems arising from zero probabilities. The pseudo-discrete features have hybrid nature and combine probabilistic and fuzzy approaches. They combine the ease of extracting subjective expert knowledge typical for the discrete features with the high precision of using the measured data during recognition typical for the continuous features. The domain of each pseudo discrete feature is divided into several main categories of non-overlapping intervals which are described as words by the expert. If a measured feature falls between two consecutive categories it is treated as a linear combination of those categories. The resubstitution performance of the classifier is assessed using an error matrix. A numerical example of a marine diesel generator demonstrates the proposed algorithm in a classification problem with nine different state classes of the generator, monitored through 23 pseudo-discrete features. Data learning samples are acquired with direct experiments for each class. The created TD system has potential applications in other complex engineering systems and may support improvements in marine engineering education and training.

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