"A gdje su oni bili dosad?" Starenje, skrb i napuštanje u jednom bosanskom gradu

Author(s): Azra Hromadžić,Jason Danely,Miloš Milenković,Sonja Podgorelec,Tihana Rubić,Željka Petrović Osmak,Paul Stubbs / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 38/2015

This article delves into Bosnia-Herzegovina, and especially into the town of Bihać, to ethnographically examine the changing nature of the state and family, as visible through practices of elder care. I use my ethnographic data gathered at a nursing home Vitalis in Bihać, and especially the predicament of an elderly Bosnian woman whom I call Zemka, to argue that both the state and family in postwar and postsocialist Bosnia-Herzegovina materialize as semi-absent. In the process of unpacking these multiple semi-absences, I reveal the lived effects of changing postwar and postsocialist state, and altering kinship relations as they affect "ordinary" people.

"A Labour of Love?" Informal Eldercare Work and Domestic Space in Contemporary Croatia

Author(s): Duga Mavrinac / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2015

In recent years, domestic work has become the centre of many scientific studies. Still, in most cases, disregarding its specific aspects and features, domestic work is displayed as a homogeneous category. In contrast, by observing daily activities and narrations of the live-in eldercare workers, specific working conditions, dispositional attitudes, duties and obligations are disclosed. The article suggests that in order to fully comprehend the extent of the eldercare work it is equally important to place the research where care work is located – within the domestic space. Hence, only by entering the deepest void of this work, space for exploitation, struggle and invisibility can be reduced to a minimum.

"A vallási élet elemi formái"-tól "A média rítusai"-ig: durkheimi fogalmak a kommunikációelméletben

Author(s): Eszter Bartha / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 18/2012

The essay gives a critical review of The Rituals of the Media by Lajos Császi. It seeks to showhow the Durkheimian sociology of religion can be applied to the modern communicationtheory and what perspectives such a combination can store for sociology. The mediahas a significant impact on the formation of public opinion; therefore, its rituals deservea special attention. However, the opinion forming power of the media depends on thesocial structure and the movement of the masses. Today even ordinary people can broadcastInternet TV-programmes and we have not even mentioned the technical possibilitiesoffered by the various social network sites. It is not only the technical competence, whichdetermines whether a given opinion will remain embedded in a narrow subculture or itsucceeds to move the masses, which was a well-loved catchword of the 20th century

"BIO SAM NAVUČEN" – TRANSFORMATIVNO ISKUSTVO BIVŠIH ZAVISNIKA: ULOGA NARATIVNOG IDENTITETA, RELIGIJSKE KONVERZIJE I SOCIJALNE PODRŠKE U PROCESU REHABILITACIJE

Author(s): Srđan Sremac,Tatjana Radić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2010

The theme of the article is the narrative reconstruction of identity among former heroin addicts in which it is necessary to replace an old, stigmatized identity with a new one. Furthermore, religious conversion and social support are seen as key aspects of this process. The authors do not claim that a narrative reconstruction of identity is the sole or most important factor in the cure of addicts, but is certainly an unavoidable aspect of successful recovery. The authors base this claim on 10 interviews undertaken with former addicts. Moreover, the authors emphasize that a narrative method makes possible an adequate approach to the analysis of testimonies of conversion and in this way helps researchers to more easily understand the psychological and spiritual transformation of former addicts, as well as a better comprehension of the role of spirituality in their narratives. In this work the authors understand conversion as an adaptive mechanism which helps a former addict to get rid of psychological conflicts and to in this way create a new self-narrative. Furthermore, the authors consider that on the occasion of telling a story, addicts are given the opportunity for reinterpreting and reconstructing their past, as well as planning their future in the context of newly-adopted religious (canonical) language. Therefore, former addicts construct their life story as a typical story of conversion.

"Csodák sorozata az életemben" az életműdíjjal kitüntetett P. Daczó Árpád-Lukács köszöntése

Author(s): Vilmos Tánczos / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2012

"Do You Have Any Empties?"

Bottle Collectors’ Interactions in Public Spaces in Zagreb

Author(s): Dino Vukušić,Stephanie Stelko / Language(s): English Issue: 39/2016

This paper describes the practices of people who collect discarded bottles and cans during public events in Zagreb, Croatia, which they return to recycling centers in order to receive a bottle deposit needed to supplement their low incomes. In addition to an ethnographic section in which we briefly describe this underrepresented aspect of everyday life in Zagreb, we address the symbolics at play in bottle collectors’ interactions among themselves and with "bottle providers" – people who gather in public spaces and consume drinks from bottles and cans. In so doing, we describe how the presence of a marginalized social group becomes visible in public spaces.

"eszt elne dobáld..."

A deponia pia: "szent raktár" vagy a "szent szemét" kérdésköréhez

Author(s): József Liszka / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2021

Certain cultural objects, crosses, pictures and statues of saints, rosaries, home holy water fonts left out of use often remain kept as a legacy, they are not thrown out but are placed, out of grace, in some sacred place (a secluded chapel, booths of wayside shrines) or simply at the foot of a wayside cross. This form and place of preservation is known in science as a “sacred depot” or deponia. This study presents examples of this phenomenon in southern Slovakia, putting it in parallel with similar attempts to preserve the memory of ancestors and also placing it in the broader context of the culture of remembrance.

"Ezoteryzm w kulturze Europy" - konferencja na Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim Jana Pawła II

Author(s): Diana Sobieraj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2012

"IT’S SECURITY, BUT NOT INSURANCE." CORD BLOOD BANKING PRACTICES BETWEEN BIO-COSMOPOLITANISM AND GIFT ECONOMY

Author(s): Sandra Appleby-Arnold / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2012

During the last two decades, umbilical cord blood (CB) has become increasingly accepted as a stem cellrich source which can be used in, primarily, leukaemia treatments as an alternative to bone marrow. Since then, there can be observed a worldwide development of public and private CB banks who either store donated CB units for allogeneic non-directed use, or, at a fee, for potential autologous (private) family use. Both public and private banks, however, do not only depend on local politics, legal frameworks, and medical systems, but are also embedded in the respective social environments and societies they act within, which represent divergent public discourses about professional roles and accountability as well as personal attitudes and practices towards healthcare and biomedicine. In the contested field between continuously increasing biomedical knowledge about CB, cognitive uncertainty, different role ascriptions and perceived responsibilities between public donation and private storage, the various social actors (parents, doctors, midwives, CB bank employees etc.) develop specific strategies of (non)-knowledge management and reinvent or transform "traditional" values and practices in this new biomedical context. With Germany and the UK as societies under research because of their contrasting difference in the individual perception and institutional construction of healthcare, it is revealed how the "mobility" of CB has the potential to test and blur the boundaries between putative antipodes on a variety of levels, developing everyday practices and attitudes which can, perhaps, be best described as "bio-cosmopolitanism".

"Kodikët e Shqipërisë" (les Codices d'Albanie)

Une Publication de la Direction Générale des Archives d'Etat

Author(s): Andromaqi Gjergji / Language(s): French Issue: 01/2004

"Kodikét e Shqipërisë" est une publication scientifique-critique illustrée, visant présenter devant le lecteur un patrimoine culturel rare, créé en un espace temporel qui s'étend sur plus de dix siècles. Cette publication de la Direction Générale des Archives est préparée avec un grand soin par un groupe d'auteurs albanais et étrangers, sous la rédaction scientifique de Prof. Dr Shaban Sinani. C'est, sans doute, une oeuvre d'importance particulière, d'abord par le matériel authentique présenté, un matériel qui pour des raisons diverses a été très peu connu et encore moins étudié et apprécié. Par conséquent, c'était une bonne idée d'inclure dans ce volume les principales études publiées jusqu'à présent sur les codex, ainsi que les catalogues décrivant le contenu de plus de 100 codex. Une grande importance revient aussi aux illustrations dans ce volume présentant des miniatures, des vignettes, des lettres initiales stylisées etc. Tout cela, pris dans son ensemble, donne à cette publication l'aspect d'une petite encyclopédie consacrée aux petits arts appliqués et à leur développement au cours d'une période de plus de dix siècles. Pour les chercheurs, la période allant de l'antiquité tardive jusqu'à l'occupation ottomane a été relativement pauvre en sources documentaires. Dorénavant, les informations documentaires augmentent d'une décennie à l'autre.

"Kronika" Tome Arhiđakona i zameci etnološke misli u Hrvata

Author(s): Maja Kožić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 11/1988

The author analyzes the Chronicle as an exceptionally important source for the study of the germs of ethnological thought among Croats. Although created in the remote 13th century, the Chronicle reveals some of its author’s preoccupations which have parallels in contemporary ethnology. Among other things, Toma Archdeacon was interested in the elthnogenesis of Croats. He attempted to solve the riddle with the help of Various written sources, oral traditions and partly by own speculations. His methods reveal a serious and honest approach to solving problems. An interesting part of the Chronicle contains an exhaustive description of the Tatars, being the oldest account on a foreign people in Croatian historical literary sources.

"Language-Culture" Dychotomy in Formation of the Mental Sphere of Ethnic Consciousness and Specificity of National World Perception

Author(s): Vasyl Dmitrievich Shynkaruk,Svitlana Vasilivna Kharchenko,Inna Yakivna Zavalnyuk / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Purpose of the study. The purpose of the proposed article is to clarify the essence of "language-culture" dichotomy, outlining the specificity of the interconnection and the interaction of its components in the projection to the mentality of the reception of national constants. Methodology of the study. The methodology of the research is based on the ideas of anthropocentricity (V. von Humboldt, O. Potebnya, E. Sepir, B. Whorf, M. Heidegger, etc.) and the main provisions of linguocultural studies, which confirm the necessity of studying language and culture as a space of interiorization and exteriorization of mental representations of linguistic and cultural knowledge (L. Wittgenstein, S. Yermolenko, V. Labov, V. Uzhchenko, H. Yavorska, etc.). The cultural-semiotic method, the method of synchronous sections and the systematic approach have formed the basis of the research strategy. The scientific novelty. "Culturelanguage" dichotomy plays a leading role in shaping the mental sphere of the ethnic consciousness and defines and shapes the specifics of the national worldview. It has been confirmed that the most active verbal symbolization as a factor of national-cultural selfidentification manifests itself in the spheres of semasiology and onomasiology. But the peculiarities of implementation at the syntactic level in the superficial structure of the semantic components of the deep structures of the sentence are the inherent features of the syntax of the national language, which constructs the human mentality and, in part, its cultural self-consciousness. It has been observed that the processes of cultural uplift, national revival, development of the Ukrainian literary language are interdependent and mutually conditioned. Conclusions. Thus, the "culture - language" dichotomy appears as two similarly organized sign systems that function equally, are fundamentally related. An important factor in the formation of ethnic culture is the language that captures, preserves and translates the ways of categorizing and conceptualizing the world and the internal reflexive experience of the people. The linguistic consciousness of the people appears as a form of its cultural expression, of civilization, in the conditions of world globalization, and the phenomenon of language is the identification code of the ethnic consciousness, of the mentality and specificity of the national world perception.

"Majko pomozi mi da ispravim matematiku i da budem s Bojanom". Etnološka analiza zidnih natpisa u crkvi sv. Petra i Pavla u Osijeku

Author(s): Jasna Čapo Žmegač / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 5/1993

The author proposes to interpret messages addressed in the past few years to St. Mary, the mother of God, in the chapel of St. Mary of Lourdes in the church of St. Peter and Paul in Osijek, in eastern Croatia. Their specificity resides in the fact that they are written on chapel walls. Taking into account the specific means by which they are written - on a wall - and the specific contents which they exhibit - prayers addressed to St. Mary - the author first discusses the appropriate genre into which they can be ranged. She concludes that wall inscriptions from the Osijek chapel cannot be considered graffiti since they do not exhibit some of their characteristics: their receivers are not anonymous, they are not a result of opposition or of a wish to transgress, or to make up for the communication deficit of some segment of the population, and their content is different. The analysis and interpretation of 1000 wall inscriptions from Osijek is based on their transcription. Throughout the text they are being contrasted with prayers found in Trsat (a North Croatian pilgrimage center) and analyzed by the same author, and, where possible, with prayers from Thierenbach, a pilgrimage center in Alsace, analyzed by Genevieve Herberich-Marx. It is hypothesized that some characteristics of the Osijek inscriptions are linked to the means by which they are written. These are the pronounced anonymity of messages, the age of the population writing them - youth of High school age, and, linked to their age, the motifs of addressing Mary - mainly school problems, problems with partners, meeting somebody, etc. These motifs are in sharp distinction to the motifs presented in Trsat and Thierenbach (health, general help, happiness and protection predominate) where, presumably, people of middle and older age have left messages for St. Mary. The messages in Osijek are very concrete and specific: help is sought immediately and for a definite problem, e.g. to meet one's lover today; not to get a bad mark in the test to be written tomorrow. The author concludes that while to Trsat people come in organized trips and seemingly with no predetermined motives for prayer; to the Osijek church people come deliberately, to pray for a specific motif. The youth in Osijek are turned upon themselves for, in the majority of cases, they pray for themselves and not for other people, as was the case in Trsat. Nevertheless, a special category of prayers is identified in Osijek - prayers for all those who suffer -in villages, towns and Croatian regions struck by the 1991/92 war. Finally, prayers point to Mary's presence in people's lives as helper, savior, giver, protector etc. In quite a number of prayers people address themselves to God, attributing him the same powers as to Mary. St. Mary is not called Mary of Lourdes or of Osijek as is the case in Trsat and in Thierenbach, both important pilgrimage centers in which Mary is thought to be miraculous. This is explained by the ignorance of youth that the statue around which they write messages on chapel walls represents the miracle of Lourdes and by the fact that the statue has not proven miraculous among the inhabitants of Osijek. Regarding the differences and similarities of prayers in Croatia and in a French center, the author concludes that the main difference lies in the way Mary is called and addressed, but that otherwise, prayers from Trsat and Thierenbach have much more similarities than the prayers in two Croatian centers. The reason in all probability lies in the age of visitors and indirectly in the form of the prayer and function of the church.

"MAPE STEREOTIPA" KAO DUHOVITO-OPAKI PROIZVOD:FOLKLORIZACIJA I KOMERCIJALIZACIJA ETNIČKIH PREDRASUDA U INTERNET PROSTORU

Author(s): Dragana Antonijević,Ana Banić Grubišić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2013

"Maps of stereotypes", whether they are made for commercial purposes created by Bulgarian designer Yanko Tsvetkov or have been created by anonymous authors, has become extremely popular in Cyberspace in the last two years. They are transmitted via e-mail communication or via social networks and the web pages which host this kind of maps attracts millions of visitors. Their intended humor has it vicious side: in the form of joke they provide folklorized prejudices about nations and states, and at the same time they cemented them as fixed images, ethnic labels and essentialized notions in consciousness and conception of the numerous Internet audience. From the multicultural perspective and its necessity for negotiating the diversity of identities who are supposedly susceptible of change, these stereotypical maps by utilizing cleverly constructed notions express the complete opposition: the characteristics of the people and of the state of a particular historical and political period are essencialized, offering as a "truth" the point of view of the sender without the possibility of the message recipient to respond in other ways than to press the "like button" or to show "silent" revolt or, even, by creating the "contra-map" with similar humorous and vicious content. In this paper we will examine the phenomenon of so called maps of stereotypes and ascribed notions of Serbia within political and geographical territory of former Yugoslavia and the Balkans.

"Maria and Nicolae Zahacinschi" donation to the patrimony of the etnography division of the district Museum in Botoşani

Author(s): Steliana Băltuţă / Language(s): English Issue: XLII/2013

Colecţionarii sunt oameni speciali, care pe lângă profesia lor, găsesc timp şi pentru a-şi dedica viaţa alcătuind un patrimoniu de valori, pe care îl dăruiesc mai târziu unor muzee, sau îl fac ei înşişi cunoscut publicului larg, spre apreciere şi admiraţie. Regretaţii medicul cardiolog Maria Zahacinschi născută Dragomir la 5 martie 1922 la Caracal, jud. Olt şi farmacistul Nicolae Zahacinschi născut la 6 noiembrie 1919 la Mihăileni, jud. Botoşani - au alcătuit o colecţie de artă populară, fruct al investigaţii/ar şi investiţii/ar proprii, pe tot cuprinsul românesc. Începând să pună bazele colecţiei de prin anii 1960-1965, cei doi soţi împărtăşind aceeaşi pasiune, au reuşit ca până în anul 1986, să aibă în propria locuinţă (apartament de bloc) din Bucureşti, un număr de peste 8000 de piese cuprinzând ceramică, ouă încondeiate, port popular, ţesături de interior de casă tradiţională, obiecte din lemn, aşa cum ei înşişi afirmă: " În ce ne priveşte, noi am optat, după ani de zile de experimente, pentru o metodă de depozitare şi de expunere care şi-a dovedit îndeajuns eficacitatea, mai ales în condiţiile adăpostirii întregii colecţii în apartamentul care ne serveşte de locuinţă" . Din această " uriaşă colecţie etnografică particulară " (aşa cum a numit-o prof dr. Nicolae Dunăre), Maria şi Nicolae Zahacinschi, au donat numeroase piese Muzeului Ţăranului Român din Bucureşti (unele publicate, în 2000, de etnograf dr. Georgeta Roşu, în Ulcioare de nuntă), Muzeului Etnografic al Brăilei, iar între anii 1983-1986 şi în anul 1992, Secţiei de Etnografie a Muzeului Judeţean Botoşani, un număr de peste 1146 obiecte. Existenţa acestei donaţii în patrimoniul Secţiei de Etnografie, i se datorează doamnei Maria Bucătaru, director în vremea inventarierii pieselor şi aducerii lor la Botoşani. Doamna i-a cunoscut pe cei doi colecţionari foarte bine, prin vizite făcute la Bucureşti în locuinţa lor care adăpostea colecţia, şi prin corespondenţa purtată cu soţii Zahacinschi. Astfel s-a legat prietenia şi s-a stabilit încrederea că dona ţi a de piese etnografice făcută Botoşaniului va fi pusă în valoare.

"Metafizičke spekulacije" u etnologiji. Pred 150-godišnjicu rođenja, odnosno uz 70-godišnjicu smrti Adolfa Bastiana (Bremen 1826 - Port of Spain 1905)

Author(s): Vitomir Belaj / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/1974

Als Ausgangspungt wurde hier die Kontoverse Bastian-Haekel über die Evolutionslehre gewählt, in der Bastian Uber d ie methodisch unzulässigen Auslegungen auf Grund voreiliger Verallgemeinerungen mit recht spottete. Weiter wurde gezeigt, wie in jeder ethnologischen "Schule" zu solchen "metaphysischen" Trugschlüssen kommen kann. Das geschieht immer, wenn auf Grund ungenügender (oder gar falsch gemachter) Beobachtungen Schlüsse gezogen werden, in dessen "Gesetzm ässigkeit" dann geglaubt wird; in solchen Fällen wird in eine Fiktion geglaubt, in eine nicht vorhandene Gesetzmässigkeit (die eine gewisse Macht ausüben soll) , in etwas aussernatürliches, "uber-natürliches, meta-physisches, ganz egal was für "fortschrittliche" Ideen sonst der Gelehrte zu folgen meint. Solche Abschweifungen stehen nicht nur der richtigen wissenschaftlichen Arbeit im Wege, sondern können auch schwerwiegende politische Folgen haben. Gerade deshalb ist es wichtig, noch zu rechter Zeit die Unwissenschaftlichkeit einzelner "wissenschaftlichen" Versuche als solche zu erkennen und public zu machen.

"MUSLIM by NATIONALITY" and the upcoming Neo-Ottomanism

Author(s): Ilie Iulian Mitran / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2017

The upcoming years are vital for the stability of the Balkans. The degree in which stability, or the lack thereof, will be present will highly depend on how well aligned are the political elites and intellectuals with the radical ideologies that are surfacing. A very firm act of disownment of radicalism that would come from the elites would raise some red flags among the mainstream society in regard to the danger that such ideologies pose. Even so, we must take into account, that in the case of states of the Balkans, information has more difficulties in reaching people in short time. This is mainly due to the rugged ter-rain, lack of efficient technology and poor infrastructure. The radicalization of Islam can be only perpet-uated through exploiting the weakest points of the local societies, mostly having to do with poverty and the lack opportunities for communal development. Using personal, material, gains as a means of twisting the minds of otherwise peaceful people and drawing them into fundamentalism is a technique that proved to be often efficient in the case of communities that are struggling with poverty. As time will progress, we will see the confrontation between the two Islamic traditions, now present in region, to be more visible, the future stability of the region will also be determined by which will gain the most ground.

"Nacionalni heroj" u domaćoj naučnofantastičnoj književnosti

Author(s): Ivan Đorđević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Appearance of heroes from national history/mythology in Serbian science fiction prose is characteristic for last two decades of the 20th century. Karađorđe Petrović, Prince Miloš Obrenović, Prince Marko (Marko Kraljević) and other national heroes entered the Serbian SF stage simultaneously with processes of returning to tradition which were characteristic for the wider social context of Serbia of that time. Primary goal of this paper is to determine ways in which those heroes are represented in Serbian genre literature, with premise that a "national hero" is in fact a social and cultural construction determined by historical and political context. Symbolical recollection and "fishing" of national heroes from a historical/mythological "pool" in this particular domain of popular culture is discussed from the aspect of their positioning, re-contextualization and revalorization with regard to the sociopolitical reality of culture in which such literature emerged.

"Ne olvass, csak kenjed!"

Ráolvasások: Gyűjtemény a történeti forrásokból (1488–1850), B kötet Közreadja és a bevezető tanulmányokat írta Ilyefalvi Emese

Author(s): G. Péter Tóth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3-4/2015

Ilyefalvi Emese: Ráolvasások. Gyűjtemény a történeti forrásokból (1488–1850) B kötet. Közreadja és a bevezető tanulmányokat írta Ilyefalvi Emese (A magyar folklór szövegvilága 2/B kötet) Balassi Kiadó, Budapest, 2014.344 oldal + 29 oldal színes melléklet Az A–B kötet együttes ára 8400 F

"Nisu dali gospodaru 'z ruk...“. Starost u prigorskim i zagorskim selima između dva svjetska rata

Author(s): Suzana Leček / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 23/2000

The paper deals with the position of the elderly in the complex families of the Prigorje and Hrvatsko Zagorje regions in the time period between the World War I and the World War II. It aims at answering the questions until what age do people maintained the power within their families, how was this power expressed, and how their work and ownership over land influenced their maintenance of authority. The paper also warns about the differences between the widowers and widows, shown through the differences in the land ownership.