Case studies in emerging markets: Management, business, finance, marketing

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The book contains a series of eight long case studies on various business issues in emerging markets (for instance Polish, Chinese, Nigerian). The authors focus on a variety of topics from marketing, through business operations, finance, leadership, innovation, business development, internationalization and decisions to human resources management. Also, the perspective of the analyzed issues is varied, in the initial case studies, the microeconomic approach dominates, then the mezoeconomic and macroeconomic approach. The team of authors included both academics, with extensive teaching experience in English-speaking studies, and business practitioners whose practical knowledge allows them to explore contemporary business challenges in emerging markets. We are putting this book in the hands of lecturers and students of economics, finance, and management, believing that it will be a source of inspiration, discussion and will allow to better explore contemporary business. At the same time, we hope that by offering this book, we are filling a gap in the publication market, which has been dominated by case studies dedicated to well-known companies, well-known brands, and mature markets.

Факторът Иран във войната в Афганистан ‒ исторически анализ 1979-2021 г.

Author(s): Veselina Uzunova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the modern history of Afghanistan, there are two known occupations and two withdrawals of superpowers from its territories - that of the USSR in 1989 and that of the United States in 2021. These significant events has shaped the modern meaning of the "Afghan question". concerning the place of Afghanistan in the spheres of influence of five major countries: the USSR, the USA, Iran, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. The proposed study examines Iran's perspective on Tehran's policy in Afghanistan from 1979 to 2021 in the context of changes in the system of international relations that led to the depletion of the Bipolar Model and the emergence of the Post-Bipolar Model.

THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS: A TOOL FOR UNIFICATION OF REGIONAL REGULATIONS FOR TRADE IN GOODS IN EUROPE?

Author(s): Miloš Trifković / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Research shows that the impact of the Convention on International Sale of Goods (CISG) on national legislators and legal practitioners in international trade of goods is not as significant as CISG’s acceptance on global and European level. Overcoming that difficulty in the area of commercial sales is the central subject of this paper. Comparison of CISG with sale laws in EU, CEFTA 2006 and BH reveals that the CISG vertically influences these systems in two basic ways. The model of direct impact means solely the adoption of the Convention into national law as the source for international sales. Reception of CISG’s norms into national general sale and contract law is the main feature of the second, indirect model. So far, the direct model of CISG’s influence absolutely dominates in legal systems participating in European regional integrations. That dominance doesn’t translate into CISG-driven unification of national domestic sale legislation and contract law in general. Thus, state legislators have room to create new, different solutions for substantially identical sale transactions at home and abroad. In order to avoid the crumbling of historically achieved horizontal unification level among national sale and contract laws, the implementation of the CISG indirect model is a necessity. Consequently, the CISG can really be a tool for unification of regional regulations of trade in goods in Europe only if the direct and indirect models are applied jointly and successfully. EU practice offers a useful pioneering experience for this process.

THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT CURRENCY AREAS ON REGIONAL TRADE

Author(s): Jasmina Osmanković,Dženan Đonlagić,Jasmin Hošo / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper analyzes the effects of different currencies on regional cooperation and doing business for TNC’s. Today independent countries Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovine, Serbia, FYR Macedonia, Montenegro, have had common currency (dinar). Dissolution of Ex-Yugoslavia led to the fall of common monetary area and formation of new states as well as new monetary area. Bosnia and Herzegovina established Convertible Mark (BAM), Croatia Kuna (HRK), FYR Macedonia dinar (MKD), Serbia dinar (RSD) and Monte Negro euro (EUR). We research how different currencies areas influence on the Tondach. We focus on Company Tondach in Serbia and Croatia and Macedonia. We test the main hypothesis: different currency areas have negative impact on income and trade (export and import) company. We data take from Tondach documentations and from other relevant statistics. Paper is part of our researches during last four years. Some of the result this research we published on the book and different papers.

Vanjska politika Srbije prema susjedima: primjeri odnosa prema Bosni i Hercegovini, Crnoj Gori, Kosovu i Sjevernoj Makedoniji

Author(s): Admir Lisica / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

If we analyse the foreign policy aspiration of Serbia in the last thirty years, it is clear that this country wants to expand its impact in the region with different methods. The most representative example of such an action of Serbia in the foreign policy segment is its imposition as a regional leader, and the expectations of other Western Balkan countries as such. The focus of work will be the presentation of Serbia’s fo￾reign policy towards its neighbours, with special reference to the action and rhetoric towards Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo and North Macedonia. The essence of the topic is that its character is not local, but regional, and in certain segments and global. The topic will be explained with the help of relevant sources, which will enable the verification and credibility of the author’s views presented.

Momentum Yatırım Stratejileri Ve Getiri İlişkisi: Bist30 Endeksi Üzerine Bir Uygulama

Author(s): Turhan Korkmaz,Tuğba Nur / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Finansal piyasalara olan bilgi akışının pay senetleri üzerindeki etkisi birçok çalışmanın odaklandığı konulardan biri olmuştur. 1970’li yıllarda Fama üç farklı bilgi kümesi ile piyasa etkinlik formlarını tanımlamıştır. Buna göre geçmiş fiyat ve hacim ile ilgili tüm bilgiler piyasa fiyatlarına yansıyorsa zayıf formda, kamuya açık tüm bilgiler piyasa fiyatlarına yansıyorsa yarı güçlü formda ve içeriden öğrenenlerin sahip olduğu bilgilerde dâhil olmak üzere tüm bilgiler piyasa fiyatlarına yansıyorsa piyasada güçlü formda etkinlik söz konusudur.

The Dynamics of Jump Intensity in Stock Prices: BIST 100 Example

Author(s): Haluk Yener,Burak Alparslan Eroglu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper is concerned with the estimation of the time-varying jump intensity of the Borsa Istanbul 100 (BIST 100) index. In the estimation phase, we utilize a new two-step method. In the first step, we employ wavelet filters to compute the number of jumps as a counting process. Next, we apply an integer-valued generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model to examine the deterministic and stochastic components of the jump dynamics. Our results indicate not only deterministic diurnal patterns but also an autoregressive mechanism in BIST 100 jump dynamics.

E7 Ülkelerinde Döviz Kuru ile Borsa Getirileri Arasındaki İlişki

Author(s): İbrahim Yenigün,Şükriye Gül Reis / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In this study, it was examined whether there is a relationship between exchange rates and market indices in E7 countries. As it is known, countries are classified according to their level of development and economic status: least developed countries, less developed countries, developing countries and developed countries. The countries used in this research, which are included in the literature as E7 (Emerging 7) are among the developing countries when their development levels and economies are examined, and they are the countries with the best economy among the developing countries. These countries are: India, Indonesia, China, Turkey, Brazil, Russia and Mexico. In the study using weekly data for the period 01.01.2010-28.02.2021; As the exchange rate, the US Dollar rate of the countries and the market indices with the highest trading volume of the countries were used. In order to reveal the relationship between exchange rates and market indices in these countries, VAR (Vector Autoregressive Model) analysis, Granger causality analysis and impulse response analysis were applied. The results obtained from the analyzes show that there is a relationship between the exchange rate and the stock market in countries other than Brazil and India, generally the cause from the exchange rate to the stock market in Mexico, while in other countries (China, Russia, Turkey and Indonesia) there is a relationship between the exchange rate and the stock market. It turns out that there is correct causality.

Euro ile Borsa İstanbul’da Hesaplanan Endekslerin Getirileri Arasındaki Volatilite Etkileşimi

Author(s): Ethem Kiliç,Mahmut Uçaktürk / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

The main purpose of the study is to investigate the volatility transfer between the returns of the Euro and the selected indices calculated in Borsa Istanbul. In the study, besides the Euro variable, BIST 100, BIST 30, BIST Bank, BIST Service, BIST Industrial and BIST Tourism indices were used. In the research, daily data for the period of 1 January 2020 - 31 December 2022 were discussed. According to the results of the DCC-GARCH model, it has been determined that the volatility of Euro, BIST 100, BIST 30, BIST Bank, BIST Service, BIST Industrial and BIST Tourism variables is permanent. It has been found that there is a bidirectional volatility transfer between Euro and BIST 100, BIST 30, BIST Industrial indices. In addition, there is a one-way volatility transfer from Euro to BIST Bank, BIST service and BIST Tourism, and it has been determined that there is a positive dynamic conditional correlation between Euro and BIST 100, BIST 30, BIST Bank, BIST Service, BIST Industry.

Um einer gemeinsamen Zukunft willen / Ради Общего Будущего

Author(s): Fred Dorn / Language(s): German,Belarusian Publication Year: 0

Fifty years after the end of the Second World War, in which Germany wanted to use military force to impose a new “order” on Europe, the question of a compatible European - and thus world-order is not only being raised anew; it is also subject to the commandment that this can only be achieved in a peaceful manner.

Die internationale Bildungs- und Begegnungsstätte Minsk - ein Zentrum für den west-östlichen Dialog / Минский международный Образовательно-Культурный Центр — Центр Диалога между Западом и Востоком

Author(s): Peter Junge-Wentrup / Language(s): German,Belarusian Publication Year: 0

Kazakh-Chinese Cooperation in Energy Sphere

Author(s): S.М. Nurdavletova,А.M. Yesdauletova,А.O. Yesdauletova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As a full member of the international community, Kazakhstan contributes to ensuring geopolitical stability and international security, presenting itself as a state that is fully aware of its responsibility to provide global energy balance and security. Central Asia is increasingly becoming the new focus of Chinese diplomacy. This region is an axis linking Northeast, West and South Asia, China and Russia. The People's Republic of China (PRC) is beginning to move closer to key political and economic players in the Central Asian region. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how the new initiative of China, Belt and Road, will affect its further energy cooperation with Kazakhstan and other countries of Central Asia. Kazakh-Chinese cooperation contributes to strengthening the independence of Kazakhstan, allowing development of its energy resources and their export to European markets. But China, as a rapidly growing consumer of energy, inevitably emerges as a potential competitor to the United States and the European Union in Central Asia. Based on a scientific analysis of the strategic interests of Kazakhstan and China, the main purpose of this article is to study new systemic approaches for optimizing cooperation between these two states, which affect national, bilateral, and regional/international issues in the framework of economic development and geopolitics. In turn, based on the study, recommendations will be made for the state structures of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of energy policy and energy security of the country.

Bulgaria and Russia: A Diplomatic Deficit

Author(s): Avgustina Peycheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article examines the contemporary Bulgarian - Russian relations and the definition of NATO information operations through a descriptive political analysis. The scientific relevance of the research topic is found in the insufficient study of it in political science due to its novelty. The purpose of this case study is to analyze the peculiarities of NATO information operations of Bulgarian - Russian relations and assess the possibility to re-apply them for the improvement of the current worldwide state of matters. The policy analysis makes use of the interdisciplinary approach to reassessing and redefining NATO information operations through historical, political, psychological analysis with the perspective of influencing the decision making of adversaries and potential adversaries in order to dissolve disagreements and adopt conflict resolution through communication and inclusivity. The authors H. D. Lasswell and B. McNair, who discuss tactics of manipulation and propaganda are used as a base to explain the theory of information operations. Complimentary authors, who explain for media communication’s influence are ones such as C.E. Merriam, T.V. Adorno, H. Marcuse. The duality of information operations is assessed too. The author concludes that the diplomatic deficit stems from a lack of understanding of information operations worldwide, the lack of clear laws approving, assessing, limiting and punishing for abuses of information operations. As a result, due to the need for peace, stability and development, conditions are created to enhance international efforts to take action against different types of contemporary terrorism and force diplomacy to prevail.

The 2023 Elections in Turkey and The Turkish-Greek Relations: Facts, Possibilities and Conclusions

Author(s): Anthony Deriziotis / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Turkish-Greek relations are a complex, volatile and at times unpredictable security issue that has troubled the western alliance since the Cold War. The Cyprus issue, the treatment of the religious minorities and the disputes related to the law of the sea have played a dominant role in the formation of foreign policies and defence doctrines. The two countries have gone through crises, a few of which brought them to the brink of war, but have also experienced positive stints. In the post-Cold War years, relations resembled a roller-coaster ride, while the role of the EU towards the end of the 1990s was instrumental in the 1999 Greek-Turkish rapprochement. In 2004 it suffered two significant blows. First, was the rejection of the Annan Plan by the Greek-Cypriots in April and in December the Greek PM K. Karamanlis and his Turkish counterpart R.T. Erdoğan retracted on the Helsinki commitment to refer the outstanding maritime disputes to International Court of Justice. Despite these setbacks, the two countries enjoyed a rather calm 15 year long period, where trade and economic cooperation bloomed. Since 2019, relations rapidly deteriorated due to the complications from the discovery of natural gas fields in the east Mediterranean Sea and specifically those within Cyprus’s EEZ, the rise within AKP rhetoric of the “Blue Homeland” doctrine, which promotes views of Turkish naval hegemony, and the complications of the refugee and migration issue.

Greek – Turkish Encounters in the City: Who meets who in Kadıköy?

Author(s): Kerem Öktem / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Greek – Turkish relations, like all concepts in life, do not really exist. They are discourses and constructions formed by individuals and institutions and shaped in the realm of their social relations. Examined critically the Greek – Turkish relations discourse reveals a set of foundational assumptions: There are two groups, or more specifically two nations, i.e., Turks and Greeks. These two nations establish the two sides of a complex set of historical, political, cultural and economic relations that have been mostly, but not exclusively contentious. Some also recognise that on the actor side, there is more diversity than this simple dichotomy would suggest: Greece has experienced long-term Albanian immigration and, more recently, immigration from the Middle East and South Asia. In Turkey, Kurds are the largest non-Turkish community, and, since the mid-2010s Syrian war refugees and immigrants have become a sizeable group by far outnumbering most other minority groups. This destabilization of the dominant founding ethnic groups of Greece and Turkey is reshaping both the relevance and the categories of Greek – Turkish relations as well as the importance of the spaces of encounter which this entry examines. For now, however, the primacy of the nation state continues to structure the field.

Přílohy

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Přehled vyslání a přijetí zástupců Parlamentu České republiky a Ministerstva zahraničních věcí ČR v roce 2013

Přílohy

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

- Přehled stykové činnosti představitelů České republiky se zástupci států a mezinárodních organizací v roce 2016 - Přehled akcí českého předsednictví V4 v roce 2016 - Přehled o diplomatických stycích České republiky k 31. 12. 2016 - Vedoucí zastupitelských úřadů České republiky k 31. 12. 2016 - Konzuláty vedené honorárním konzulárním úředníkem (stav k 31. 12. 2016) - Přehled o účasti České republiky v zahraničních misích a operacích v roce 2016 - Účast České republiky ve volebních pozorovatelských misích OBSE a EU v roce 2016 - Zástupci vyslaní MZV ČR do EU a vybraných mezinárodních organizací v roce 2016 - Laureáti ceny Gratias agit 2016

Přílohy

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Přehled stykové činnosti představitelů České republiky se zástupci států a mezinárodních organizací v roce 2015; Přehled nejdůležitějších akcí pořádaných při příležitosti českého předsednictví V4 (bez jednání pracovních skupin a tradičních koordinačních jednání před zasedáními EU); Přehled o diplomatických stycích České republiky k 31. 12. 2015; Přehled o účasti České republiky v zahraničních misích a operacích v roce 2015; Zástupci vyslaní Ministerstvem zahraničních věcí ČR do EU a vybraných mezinárodních organizací v roce 2015; Závazné zkratky náměstků člena vlády, útvarů MZV a podřízených organizací

Directions for Reducing Excessive Import Dependence of Ukraine’s Economy

Author(s): Volodymyr Olefir / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the directions and methods of reducing excessive import dependence of the Ukrainian economy. To achieve the goal of the study, the following methods were used: comparison, grouping, averages, seasonal smoothing of time series, factor analysis. The level and dynamics of import dependence of the Ukrainian economy are estimated. A comparative analysis of the import dependence of the Ukrainian economy with the import dependence of the economies of other countries was made. It is proved that the level of import dependence of Ukraine’s economy is excessive. The main reasons for excessive import dependence are identified. The negative consequences of excessive import dependence have been studied. Foreign experience of increasing competitiveness and reducing import dependence is analyzed. The effectiveness of national programs to increase domestic production is summarized. Directions to reduce excessive import dependence are proposed. The concept of rational protectionism is substantiated.

Means of Settlement of Armed Conflicts

Author(s): Mariam Bregvadze / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

For centuries, the politics and history of the world were connected with armed conflicts, wars, and the solution of one or another territorial or other political and economic issues by force. Constant conflicts and challenges forced the world community to think of creating some kind of peaceful mechanism that would lead to more peaceful aspects of human development. Armed military confrontations have always been and remain the most important challenge of the international community. As a result of the conflicts, the progress of human development has slowed down, causing enormous damage and destruction, especially in the twentieth century. As the world faced this reality, it became clear that a series of operations were needed to prevent armed conflicts and establish peaceful relations between states. Although many types of agreements and alliances have existed throughout history, significant changes have occurred over the past century and a half with the creation of international peacekeeping organizations tasked with promoting the peaceful resolution of disputes and preventing catastrophic conflicts. Despite tremendous progress, peaceful resolution of the conflict remains a major challenge, underscoring the continued need for coordinated action to achieve universal peace and security. This article discusses many strategies and ways to resolve military conflicts. Using dogmatic research methodology and comparative legal analysis based on practitioner experience, it evaluates the effectiveness of existing conflict resolution systems. The article makes recommendations, assesses current approaches to improving conflict resolution, and offers advice for promoting a more stable global order.