Квазиоппозиции в текстах и грамматиках XVI–XVIII вв. как маркеры устройства славянской категории одушевленности

Author(s): Inna Verner / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2014

This article examines the paradigmatic expression of animacy in the XVI–XVIIIth century Russian, Polish, Slovak and Czech languages. In Russian, animate nouns are marked only by neutralization of the Acc. and the Gen. forms, whereas in Czech, the differentiation of animate and inanimate nouns is marked primarily by different case endings for a single grammatical case. Polish and Slovak use both methods. Some texts and grammars from the early development stages of the modern Slavic literary languages reflect the creation of certain artificial oppositions. These quasioppositions are present in Dmitry Gerasimov’s and Maximus the Greek’s translations of the Church Slavonic Donatus, in the first Polish grammar by Pierre Statorius (1568), in the Czech grammars by Beneš Optat, Petr Gzel and Václav Philomathes (1531), Jan Blahoslav (1571) and Matouš Benešovský (1577), as well as in the Slovak Camaldolese Bible (1756-59).

Księga akt grodzkich trockich (1660−1661) ze zbiorow Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego. II

Author(s): Viktorija Ušinskienė / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2014

The article was prepared as part of the research project Court Books of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL): A Digital Database, undertaken by the Vilnius University Library in 2011–2014 (VUL, Nr. LIT-5-19). The paper deals with the hitherto unstudied Trakai Castle Court Acts of 1660–1661 (F7-MDGs, 1660–1661) from the VUL collection, and presents Part II of the critical catalogue of manuscripts written in Polish and Ruthenian languages, as well as their descriptions (leaves 210–466). These documents are important for the study of Lithuanian, Polish and Belarusian history, as their contents reflect a broad political, social and cultural panorama of the multilingual GDL society. This feature of the manuscripts enables us to consider them as unique reference books that represent the changing sociolinguistic situation in the GDL.

Из диалектологического архива: польская диалектная речь жителей окрестностей Бражуоле (Тракайский район, 1992 г.)

Author(s): Elena Konickaja / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2014

The article provides dialectological recordings of Polish (the so-called polszczyznа kresowа) from the Trakai region, specifically Bražuolė and its surroundings, made during the expeditions in the 1990’s organized by the Department of Slavic Philology at Vilnius University. The Polish recordings are from an areal characterized sociolinguistically by the interface of four languages: the Polish dialect, Belarusian (po-prostu), Russian, and Lithuanian. These recordings reflect crucial and previously unidentified features of the sociolinguistic environment, as well as constitute historical evidence of language contact in Bražuolė and its surroundings. The data presented in the article can be used for further work on the history of language contacts in Lithuania.

Księga akt grodzkich trockich [1660–1661] ze zbiorуw Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego

Author(s): Viktorija Ušinskienė / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2013

Przechowywana w BUW kolekcja rękopiśmiennych akt sądowych zawiera 543 zespoły z lat 1540–1845. Do r. 1915 stanowiły one znaczną część olbrzymich zasobów Archiwum Centralnego Akt Dawnych w Wilnie (1852–1915). Kolekcja dostarcza cennych informacji na temat życia społecznego i politycznego WKL, między innymi — na temat sytuacji kulturowej i językowej w XVI–XIX ww. Celem niniejszej publikacji jest sporządzenie inwentarza analitycznego zespołu, zaznaczonego w katalogu BUW jako Akta sądowe grodzkie trockie z lat 1660–1661 (Trakų pilies teismo aktai 1660–1661 m., sygn. F7-TPT, 1660–1661). Tekst stanowi część pierwszą opracowanego inwentarza i zawiera opisy dokumentów 1–200 (K. 1–209). Praca została wykonana w ramach projektu naukowego Księgi sądowe WKL ze zbiorów BUW: cyfrowa baza danych, według którego do r. 2015 przewidziana jest dygitalizacja wszystkich opracowanych materiałów oraz stworzenie elektronicznego skorowidza nazw własnych i geograficznych.

Metropolis Kijoviensis. Каталог i тексти петербурзьких зiбрань.

Author(s): Marina Vladimirovna Chistiakova / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2012

Metropolis Kijoviensis. Каталог i тексти петербурзьких зiбрань.Пiдготували Валерiй Зема, Свiтлана Зiнченко, Вiра Фрис. Киïв: Iнститут Iсторiï Украïны НАН Украïны, 2010. XXXVIII, 216 с. ISBN 978-966-02-5751-1.

Милош и Россия

Author(s): Viktorija Ušinskienė / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2011

The article presents the writer’s views on Russia found in his key pieces, such as Russia. A trans-oceanic point of view, Family Europe and some others. Milosz takes on ideas that shaped Russian culture as uniquely expressed in the literary, philosophic and religious thinking of the late 19th–20th century.The person of F.Dostoyevsky is in focus of Milosz investigations.

Вклад профессора С. Кохмана в разработку проблематики польско-русских языковых контактов

Author(s): Liudmila Pavlovna Garbulj / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2011

The article provides a short review of investigations of the Polish-Russian and Polish-East Slavonic language contacts in 15th –19th cc. of the noted Polish specialist in the philology of the Slavs professor S. Kochman, and his valuable contribution in the working out of these problems.

Ona Kažukauskaitė (reng.). Lauryno Ivinskio lenkų-lietuvių kalbų žodynas

Author(s): Krystyna Rutkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2011

Review of: Lauryno Ivinskio lenkų-lietuvių kalbų žodynas. Parengė Ona Kažukauskaitė. Vilnius. 2010, Lietuvių kalbos institutas. 2010. 524 p. : faks. + 1 vaizdo diskas (DVD). ISBN 978-609-411-052-8.

Meilutė Ramonienė (moksl. red.). Miestai ir kalbos

Author(s): Marija Konickaja / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2011

Review of: Meilutė Ramonienė (moksl. redaktorė), Miestai ir kalbos. Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla, 2010. 321 p., ISBN 978-9955-33-634-1.

Gramatyka polska Jana Łosia – pierwsza gramatyka historyczna języka polskiego

Author(s): Agnieszka Ewa Piotrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2017

Гетеротопия «детства не здесь». К лингвистической характеристике локального сообщества жителей польско-белорусско-литовского языкового пограничья в конце XIX в. (на материале мемуаров В. Л. Скорвида)

Author(s): Sergey Skorvid / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

The paper analyses the memoirs written in 1953 by the author’s grandfather (born in 1883 in Dinaburg – today Daugavpils, Latvia). The memoirs were written in Moscow, but describe a childhood spent in the Eastern Borderlands of the former Polish territory Kresy. The text, which is written in Russian with many Polish insertions, may be regarded as an attempt to reconstruct a kind of heterotopia of one of the historical, cultural and ethno-linguistic border areas which existed in Central and Eastern Europe a century ago, as well as the heterotopia of a “childhood spent not here”. The basis of this heterotopia was the concept of “remembered home,” which had a symbolic value for the memoirist, and one of the main elements of it was the local form of the Polish language, which had both a “rural” and a “town” variant of usage according to the extent of penetration of Russian and influence of the Russian language on Polish. The first variant, predominantly Polish, was typical of the landed gentry (and apparently also of the Polonised peasants in the surrounding area), whereas the second variant was significantly Russified, and served as a means of communication among the officials and similar groups of the townspeople. The role of Belarusian and Lithuanian language elements in this heterotopia was not as significant, though Lithuania is present in the analysed memoirs as a constant counterpoint. It is represented by the cultural notions connected with Lithuanian history and mythology, on the one hand, as well as some aspects of everyday life on the other (e. g., some names of foods).

Незамеченные семантические полонизмы в приказном языке Московского государства

Author(s): Liudmila Pavlovna Garbul / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2016

This article examines the history of the following words found in the 17th c. Musco¬vite State diplomatic correspondence: nasaditi ‘appoint, nominate; invest with author¬ity’, nasaditisja ‘put smb. hostilely, with enmity against smth.; be up in arms (against); threaten, imperil’, nužnyj ‘poor, beggarly, squalid, miserable; meagre, scanty; bad, nasty’, oprava ‘repair(s), repairing; restoration, renewal; improvement’, pobrati ‘take away, be¬reave of; take possession of, seize’, privernuti ‘return, restore, recover’, strašlivyj ‘ter-rible, frightful, horrific’, sumnen’e ‘conscience’, teplica (-y) ‘a locality with hot springs; pl. health resort with hot springs’.The author argues that these words, in the meanings provided above, are probably semantic calques from Polish in the Russian written language of the 16th and 17th centu¬ries, which were borrowed likely through mediation of the written language of the Great Duchy of Lithuania, with the exception of nasaditi.

Współczesne gwary białoruskie na wschodniej Litwie (rejony ignaliński i święciański)

Author(s): Mirosław Jankowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2016

The aim of the article is to present contemporary Belarusian dialects functioning in Eastern Lithuania (in the regions of Ignalina and Švenčionys), which have not been the subject of comprehensive linguistic research. The basis for the analysis are the author’s own materials, which were collected during field research in 2014-2016. The structure of these Belarusian dialects (selected features in phonetics, morphology, syntax, vocabulary and phraseology) as well as the sociolinguistic aspect of their functioning in a multilingual environment are demonstrated in the article.

К вопросу о роли письменности Великого княжества Литовского в межславянских языковых контактах

Author(s): Liudmila Pavlovna Garbulj / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2017

This article deals with the twofold role of written language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (the chancery language and the “prostaja mova“) in inter-Slavonic, mainly Polish-Russian language contacts, studied on the materials of the diplomatic correspondence of Mucsovy. This study summarizes the research data proving that the written language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania played the role of an active mediator in the 15–17th centuries in Polish-Russian language contacts and was a source of lexical and semantic borrowings in the Russian written language. What is more, the article examines anew the exposed lexical and semantic borrowings from the written language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Russian Chancery language of the 17th century.

К вопросу о межславянских языковых контактах в ХV–ХVII вв. (на материале дипломатической корреспонденции Московского государства)

Author(s): Liudmila Pavlovna Garbulj / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2018

The present article deals with inter-Slavonic language contacts, in particular, language contacts between the East Slavic and West Slavic languages on the lexical level on the material of diplomatic correspondence of Muscovy. The publication examines anew exposed lexical (vyobraziti ‘list, adduce; mention, refer(to); describe’, zapomogati ‘support’, nedoroslyj ‘very young; under age, juvenile, minor’) and semantic (uznati ‘admit; agree, concede’) inter-Slavonic borrowings. Moreover, the article deals with the role of the written language of the Great Duchy of Lithuania in Polish-Russian language contacts.

DYNAMIKA ROZWOJU POLSKICH NAZW CHORÓB W OKRESIE OD XVIII DO XX WIEKU

Author(s): Beata Olędzka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2018

The scope of the author’s interests covers medical vocabulary, with a particular focus on names of diseases. In this paper, she focused on observing the development of Polish names of diseases in the period from the 18th to the 20th century, when the development was most dynamic. The author based her analysis on the lexicographical material composed of over 500 lexical units. The excerpted names of diseases were first classified and then analysed in terms of their presence in a given period. Based on the results of the analysis, the author made an attempt to formulate an answer to the question how the Polish medical terminology regarding names of diseases was formed in the examined time-frame, what changes occurred there, and in what percentage the contemporary nomenclature of diseases consists of the 18th-, 19th- and 20thcentury terminology. In methodological terms, this study falls into the stream of structural linguistics as regards diachronic research, since the object of the examination is a section of the lexical resource coming from the Modern Polish period (the 18th-20th c.).

Оценочность в медийном тексте — интерпретации переводчика

Author(s): Alicja Pstyga / Language(s): Russian Issue: 169/2020

The paper touches the matter of evaluation in press discourse which is presented from the perspective of Russian press articles translation into Polish language. Axiology in terms of press articles translation — creative, also usually persuasive, in which various means are used as carriers of evaluative connotations describing the matter of statement in negative or positive way — prompts us to consider to what extent the original evaluation is reproduced (or changed). The author proves that the holistic view on original and translated media texts allows to discover also other important elements of press articles structure which presence, emphasis or omission influences axiological valuation.

Bułgarskie, rosyjskie i czeskie przekłady nazw środków psychemicznych w Kongresie futurologicznym Stanisława Lema

Author(s): Marcin Fastyn / Language(s): Polish Issue: 168/2019

The author analyses the translation strategies used by the translators of S. Lem’s The Futurological Congress to Bulgarian, Czech and Russian languages. The significant differences in the approach is noted — Helena Stachová, who translated to Czech language, tries to preserve in all the circumstances the author’s idea of challenging the reader with ethymological puzzles — and succeeds in that task very well. The Russian translator, Konstantin Dushenko and the Bulgarian translator, Svetlana Petrova, choose different approach, trying to maximalize understandability for the target language reader. With this approach quite a lot of intellectual challenges disappear from the text. The other discovered fact is, that with very high probability Svetlana Petrova must have been influenced by the Russian translation.

Анатолий Турилов на 70 години

Author(s): Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 43/2021

Chinese Migration in Poland — an Attempt to Characterize the Migrant Group, Including the Cultural and Educational Perspective of the Young Generation

Author(s): Anna Mikulska / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2021

This article presents selected examples related to everyday school life as experienced by one generation of Chinese immigrants in Poland. Apart from a theoretical framework, the statements and research questions were supported by empirical evidence showing that the process of acquiring Polish language and cultural norms may be a more complex challenge for Chinese immigrants in comparison to other immigrant groups in Poland.