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Nazwy nowych inwestycji mieszkaniowych w Poznaniu i na przedmieściach Poznania

Author(s): Agnieszka Kijak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2022

The article presents names of residential investments located in the capital of Wielkopolska and in its suburbs. The onomastic material was excerpted from the web sites: https:// rynekpierwotny.pl/ and https://bliskopoznania.pl/. The author of the article made an attempt to classify and analyze names of 240 residential investments. The analysis shows that Polish (native), foreign and mixed names can be distinguished in terms of structure. Also, the presented names can be divided into semantic groups. The excerpted material is dominated by names based on existing street names and names of villages and towns. An important group comprises characterizing names, especially referring to nature and based on metaphors. Moreover, noteworthy are ambiguous and intertextual names as well as names whose role is related to expressions encouraging people to buy a flat in a chosen investment.

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Dilemmas of online video review genre: An attempt at describing genre complexity in Polish and German linguistics

Author(s): Anna Hanus,Agnieszka Kallaus / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the article is to examine the changes in the genre pattern of review resulting from its expansion to a new online communication medium, i.e. the YouTube platform. The case study of two video reviews comprising four levels of analysis (structural, pragmatic, thematic-cognitive and stylistic) aims to compare the canonical version of the arts review and its modern online variants. The authors attempt to determine whether online video film reviews could be regarded as manifestations of the review genre evolution, intermedial adaptation, its genre pattern transformation, or – perhaps – the development of a distinct genre, characteristic of online communication only. Contrastive analysis based on selected methods of Polish linguistic genre studies applied in the context of German text type linguistics is intended to extend the scope of the ongoing research on genre with aspects of Polish and German research perspectives.

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Stan badań nad socjolektem piłkarskim (przegląd literatury polskojęzycznej) – część druga

Author(s): Wojciech Żęgota / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Poniższy artykuł stanowi drugą część podsumowania stanu badań nad socjolektem piłkarskim. Jak zaznaczyłem w części pierwszej, moim nadrzędnym celem jest próba całościowego scharakteryzowania tej środowiskowej odmiany języka polskiego. Nie będzie to jednak możliwe bez uprzedniego dokonania przeglądu polskojęzycznej literatury, która powstała na ten temat. Uwagi metodologiczne i terminologiczne zostały poczynione we wstępie do poprzedniego artykułu (Żęgota 2021: 303–305), dlatego teraz mogę przystąpić do referowania kolejnych publikacji poświęconych socjolektom piłkarskim.

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Pogranicza oficjalności i nieoficjalności w korespondencji elektronicznej nauczycieli

Author(s): Anna Piechnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The article presents the area on the fringes of the official and unofficial styles in electronic correspondence sent by teachers to parents. The research material consists of e-mails sent by 112 teachers to multiple addressees – groups of parents of students from over a dozen schools at various levels of education. For the purposes of the study, a survey on teachers’ electronic communication was also conducted in 2022 among 370 educators. In the questionnaires, teachers declared their attention to adapting the linguistic shape of an electronic letter to the patterns known from traditional official paper correspondence (including the use of initial and final formal polite formulas or signing their messages with name and surname). E-mailing was considered the most common form of contact with parents, a form which required special care for the linguistic side of the text. Authentic texts of e-mails show that the actual outcomes diverge considerably from teachers’ declarations. The politeness frame of the scrutinized e-mails rarely contains official formulas, and the traditional distance typical of contacts between parties remaining in a formal relationship is also broken with the use of colloquial vocabulary and emoticons. The teachers’ statements indicate that electronic letters addressed to parents with whom the contact is difficult remain more official, while they are more willing to send messages without official markers to groups of parents who are friendly. This may point to a new function of officiality which denotes deprecation, and a different evaluation of this category, diverging from the traditional one.

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Leksyka morska w słowniku rosyjsko-polskim Piotra Dubrowskiego jako punkt wyjścia do badań chronologizacyjnych polskich terminów marynistycznych

Author(s): Jolanta Mędelska,Piotr Wierzchoń / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The authors discussed the development of maritime lexis in Russian and Polish, pointing out a great preponderance of Russian over Polish instances which lasted until the interwar period. They analysed 70 entries with the qualifier w Marynarce [maritime] (letters K–L) in a 19th-century Russian-Polish dictionary. They found that the editor had managed to select Polish equivalents for only 22 Russian terms (31%), with the remainder provided only with descriptions of meaning. Using sources available today, the authors identified 74 translations for 48 Russian units left untranslated and subjected them to chronological analysis. They found that 16 of them were in use in Dubrowski’s times, seven of which for a very long time prior to the date of publication of his dictionary. The others appeared only after the dictionary was published, the majority (42) as late as 1920–1939, with seven more appearing even later.

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Realizacja reguł gatunku w formie kolekcji w konkretnym przewodniku

Author(s): Maria Wojtak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

The application of methods of genological analysis in relation to a specific text allows for a formulation of hypotheses about its genre and discursive identity, which broadens the research perspectives of descriptive genology. The analysed text is characterised by an intricate structure, combining a chain and box compositions that may be discovered by referring to the concept of genre in the form of a collection. It includes a profiled description of sanctuaries in a creatively modified convention of Bedeker descriptions and encourages readers to visit specific churches as architectural monuments and places of worship, juxtaposing the perspectives of tourism and pilgrimage. The analysis of a specific text gains a broader cognitive perspective in the article. It allows for reflections, which supplement knowledge about the categories functioning in descriptive genology, such as: genre in the form of a collection, relations between text and genre, as well as between text, genre and discourse, text mosaic and text collage, genre and text hybridizatio and a tourist guidebook as a genre of speech.

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Społeczność polska „pograniczy wewnętrznych” na przełomie wieków XX i XXI. Przemiany kulturowo-tożsamościowe

Author(s): Halina Kurek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

The objective of the article is to present the changes that, after 1989, and particularly after 2004, occurred in the language and culture of the Polish communities living in the internal (territorial, virtual and individual) borderlands and their influence on the cultural identity of Poles. These changes are discussed based on materials collected in southern Poland (in the regins of Nowy Sącz and Podhale) and in the Low Beskid mountains in southeastern Poland. By ‘internal (psychological, individual) borderland’ within a country, the author refers to the contact between two linguistic and cultural complexes: the rural and the municipal one, as well as the virtual borderland of two cultures: the national and the regional, i.e. local culture (related to one’s identity), and techno-managerial culture, which has a global range.

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Patryk Borowiak: Polskie i bułgarskie firmonimy w perspektywie komunikacyjno-wizualnej.

Author(s): Agnieszka Kijak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

Review of: Patryk Borowiak: Polskie i bułgarskie firmonimy w perspektywie komunikacyjno-wizualnej. Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM. Poznań 2021, ss. 288.

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Bibliografia „Prac Językoznawczych” za lata 2018–2022

Author(s): Katarzyna Witkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

Bibliography of “Papers in Lingusitics” for the years 2018–2022. „Prace Językoznawcze” tom XX/1.

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Erinnerungen an Akademiemitglied Professor Dr. Vjačeslav Vsevolodovič Ivánov anlässlich seines fünften Todestages

Author(s): Rainer Eckert / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2023

Born on August 21, 1929 in Moscow, Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov died on October 7, 2017 in Los Angeles. The beginning of an unprecedented scientific career of Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich was interrupted by a ruthless political campaign of the MGU management in 1959, which ended with Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich‘s expulsion from the university. Those in power at the time condemned Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov for his public negation of the official verdict on the novel by B.L. Pasternak Doctor Živago and in support of the scientific views of the world-renowned linguist prof. dr. Roman Osipovic Jacobson. The life and work of VYACHESLAV VSEVOLODOVICH IVANOV, based on the many languages and the literatures that existed through them, which he re-searched and communicated to people (and especially to student youth) in a rarely encountered way, were through a constant intrusion in science about man and in art and closely linked with a deep humanism and an exemplary empathy. From the Editor. The memoirs of the famous German baltist Rainer Eckert about Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, director of the Institute of World Culture at Moscow State University and professor in the Department of Slavic and East European Languages and Literatures at the University of California, an outstanding scholar of encyclopedic outlook, are dedicated to the fifth anniversary of his death. The Memoirs of Prof. Rainer Eckert are published without changes, with the author‘s references to the books and articles mentioned in the text.

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Didaktické průsečíky mezi češtinou jako prvním a druhým jazykem v kontextu učebnice češtiny jako druhého jazyka Paráda! Učíme se česky

Author(s): Silvie Převrátilová,Kateřina Šormová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

Východiskem pro vznik učebnice Paráda! Učíme se česky (Převrátilová a kol., 2022; dále jen Paráda) byla situace žáků s odlišným mateřským jazykem (žáků s OMJ) na českých školách z hlediska obsahu výuky (ekonomické a organizační aspekty výuky nerodilých mluvčích ponechme v tomto textu stranou). Žáci s OMJ se vzdělávají podle kurikula pro rodilé mluvčí, tedy podle platných rámcových vzdělávacích programů (RVP). RVP jsou dokumenty, které stanovují základní cíle a obsah vzdělávání pro určitý stupeň vzdělávacího systému, slouží jako závazná vodítka pro školy, učitele a další účastníky vzdělávacího procesu, aby mohli plánovat, realizovat a hodnotit vzdělávací aktivity. RVP definují, co by studenti měli v určitém věku nebo na určitém stupni vzdělávání umět a znát, což definují tzv. očekávané výstupy. Přestože už v roce 2021 MŠMT uveřejnilo Kurikulum češtiny jako druhého jazyka pro předškolní a základní vzdělávání (Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy, 2021), které v oblasti základního vzdělávání zahrnuje podrobně rozpracovaný vzdělávací obsah pro deset tematických celků a dvě jazykové úrovně s ohledem na situaci nerodilého mluvčího, nejedná se o závazný dokument a žáci, jejichž mateřštinou není čeština, jsou vzděláváni podle stejného kurikula (tedy RVP) jako rodilí mluvčí češtiny. Toto tvrzení se nevztahuje na úvodní začátečnické kurzy češtiny jako druhého jazyka, ale na žáky běžně integrované do tříd.

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Towards a new future in (West and East) Slavonic?

Author(s): Alexander Andrason / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This article demonstrates that the rule according to which perfective verbs are incompatible with the future auxiliary ‘be’ in West and East Slavonic languages is less strict than has been claimed in scholarship. In colloquial Polish and in less standard varieties of Upper and Lower Sorbian, as well as in Australian Russian, the ‘be’ auxiliary may be combined with perfective verbs. Such future perfective constructions with the ‘be’ auxiliary arise because of analogical pressures, language internal and/or external. The Polish perfective future with ‘be’ instantiates furthermore an analogy-driven SVC – an additional fourth source of SVCs across languages.

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Русско-чешские субстантивные межъязыковые омонимы в экономико-юридической лексике

Author(s): Marta Vágnerová / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3-4/2017

The issue of Russian-Czech interlingual homonyms has been developed inadequately systematically and only in part. The aim of our thesis is to examine some semantic unusualness of Russian-Czech substantive interlingual homonyms in economic and legal lexicon to show the ways in which they originate and to contribute to the clarification and extension of knowledge about this language phenomenon. The basic methods are the descriptive and comparative method, the diachronic-synchronous analysis of the collected corpus of homonymous pairs. The article proposes a refined classification of Russian-Czech interlingual homonyms in terms of the expression plan. There are three cases from the point of view of the form: homonymous pair consisting of only Russian lexemes, only Czech lexemes or both Russian and Czech. By analyzing the content plan it was found out that the lexemes which are members of the homonymous pairs, were originally the same, but due to the development of the meaning of the words, there had been semantic changes that led to the emergence of interlingual homonymy. The lexemes under investigation have a significant shift, narrowing or widening of meaning, to semantic differentiation in the acquisition of internationalism. In two cases, homonymy was caused by a random sound match.

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On Some Aspects of Enrichment of Czech and Russian Fashion Design Terminology Through Borrowings and Internationalisms

Author(s): Andrej Artemov,Tatyana Dolgova / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2016

The article is focused on the research of borrowings and international words in contemporary European languages in the field of fashion design and clothing terminology. The first part of the article presents the reasons for borrowing and considers different scholars’ points of view. Further on the authors provide the periods of terminological borrowings into Russian and Czech languages and determine the supplier language of borrowings into these languages. The body of international words used in five European languages belonging to different families (English, German, French, Russian and Czech) is distinguished on the basis of the terms analysis. In the conclusion the authors emphasize the increasing influence of American English on languages in general and terminologies in particular.

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Základní lexikální jednotky konceptu „pracovní činnost“ v ruštině v komparaci s češtinou

Author(s): Andrey Artemov / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2015

The differences in cognitive perception of the concept ‘work activity’ in both languages influenced the onomastic mechanism of designation of work. The paper deals with the semantics of Russian lexical units ‘work’ (дело) within the concept ‘work activity’ in comparison with Czech. The selected lexeme is language-specific in Russian. The presented research focuses on one of the possibilities of signification ‘work activity’. The exact definition of the lexical meaning of the selected lexeme is questionable in Russian; therefore the proper use of the expression is for a non-native speaker very difficult. The amount of expressions, in which the lexical unit work (дело) acquires other meanings, is worth further exploration in terms of conceptualizing the work process within the Russian language picture of the world.

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Hodnocení pravdy a lži v paremiích (rusko-české kulturní kódy na pozadí angličtiny)

Author(s): Jiří Korostenski,Olga Abakumova / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2013

The article deals with the questions of the influence of cultural codes as a means of categorization and evaluation in the sphere of expression and sense aspects of proverbs in Russian, English and Czech. It results from the detailed analysis of the proverbs on the truth and the lies in the languages mentioned above that there are several differences among these languages. Based on the relation of the reference type of the proverbs and the cultural code of the appropriate language, we can assume that ethical rules prevail in the Russian proverbs, and partially in the Czech proverbs while the utilitary rules prevail in the English proverbs.

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За „мъжките“ и „женските“ зоометафори в българския и чешкия език

Author(s): Katerina Tomova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Czech Issue: 1/2023

This text is part of a forthcoming study that examines the male-female agenda, focusing on the involvement of the zoomorphic code and the animal metaphors in shaping the male/ female stereotypes and their relationships in two cognate Slavic languages. Our main idea is to list and compare the animal metaphors (zoometaphors) used in the construction of the images of the man and the woman as a piece of the puzzle that is usually called linguistic picture of the world. With this we hope to clearly outline the ethno-cultural features of the studied problems.

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Dubichynskyi, Volodymir/ Jaskólski, Adam/ Muszyńska-Wolny, Dorota (2021), Leksykograficzna interpretacja rosyjsko-polskich paraleli frazeologicznych

Author(s): Ewa Dźwierzyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXV/2023

Review of: Dubichynskyi, Volodymir/ Jaskólski, Adam/ Muszyńska-Wolny, Dorota (2021), Leksykograficzna interpretacja rosyjsko-polskich paraleli frazeologicznych. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwerystetu Warszawskiego, ss. 237, ISBN 978-83-235-4933-8

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O WYBRANYCH DŹWIĘKONAŚLADOWCZYCH CZASOWNIKACH ZWIĄZANYCH Z CZYNNOŚCIĄ JEDZENIA ORAZ ICH NACECHOWANIU EKSPRESYWNYM WE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ POLSZCZYŹNIE

Author(s): Barbara Mitrenga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2023

This article discusses the topic of echoic verbs related to the act of eating in the context of their expressive nature in contemporary Polish. The author pays attention to verbs that, according to Maciej Mączyński, indicate the “piggish” model of eating (including ciamkać, glamać, mlaskać, siorbać), verifies which of them are noticed in modern general dictionaries of the Polish language with meanings related to food, and analyses the microstructure of the entries, pointing to indications of the expressive nature of the verbs. She refers the conclusions on the contemporary expressive nature of the analysed verbs to the findings of psychologists regarding misophonia. Moreover, she bases them on observing new phenomena and trends on the Internet, including ASMR, mukbangs, and food challenges. The analysis of contexts has shown that the today’s attitude to the sounds made while eating is differentiated and determined by biological, cultural, psychological, and social factors.

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O związkach między frazeologią a słowotwórstwem historycznym na przykładzie pojęcia kąt – ogólnosłowiańska analiza porównawcza

Author(s): Mariola Jakubowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 35/2023

This article relates to the work of Nikita I. Tolstoy on the concept of corner in folk beliefs. It covers the intersection of two linguistic fields: phraseology and historical word formation, with elements of etymology. There are two Slavic etymons reconstructed for that concept: *ko˛tъ ‘angle’ and *o˛gъlъ ‘corner’. In contemporary Slavic languages, continuants of either one or both can be preserved. The concept corner (similarly to others concepts related to elements of the house) is rich in connotations. This study presents an analysis of phraseological units with the components kąt ‘angle’ or węgieł ‘corner’ (and their counterparts in other Slavic languages), as well as an etymological and semantic analysis. The etymological analysis concerns the continuants of the Slavic *ko˛t’a ‘house’, derived from *ko˛tъ ‘angle’. The article points to phraseological and etymological connections between the concepts corner and house.

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