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СЕМАНТИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЗООНИМОВ, МОТИВИРОВАННЫХ ПЕСТРОЙ ОКРАСКОЙ ЖИВОТНОГО (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КЛИЧЕК КОРОВ В ПОЛЬСКОМ И УКРАИНСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ)

Author(s): Olga Solodushko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 29(34)/2016

The article presents semantic and comparative analysis of the cattle names motivated by piebald and skewbald colouring and the patterns on the coat in Polish and Ukrainian dialects. The problem is to define the general picture of the colour perception in the minds of the two related language speakers by the means of coloured folk zoonyms. The article presents a brief description of the research in the field of traditional Zoonomastics. Lexical units that image the coloured animal coat concept in dialects are considered. In this article, there is provided a cow names classification based on the lexical and semantic features. A comparative analysis of the Polish and Ukrainian lexemes, from which zoonyms were derived, was conducted in all the groups. It has been found that the similar, sometimes identical, lexemes are used as a base for the derivation of cow names in Polish and Ukrainian; the same motivational component is observed too. The author of the article concludes that the expression of colour perception by the linguistic recourses is quite similar for the speakers of both languages.

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O nowszych złożeniach w języku prasy polskiej na Litwie

Author(s): Miroslav Davlevič / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2015

The aim of the article is to present and analyse group compound words that were recently observed in the Polish press in Lithuania. The process of internationalisation of the analysed lexis is connected to the rise of new means of word formation and constituents in the Polish language. As a result, hybrid constructions emerged, i.e., constructions in which foreign international elements of word formation such as: agro-, bio-, cyber-, eko-, euro-, e-, foto-, tele-, wideo- etc are found. The status of the elements of prefix and parts of these compounds is often difficult to determine — we cannot always explain with most certainty —whether the foreign word structure arose on the Polish ground, or was adapted to it and the separation of the morphological element happened only later. The emerging derived words indicate that foreign lexemes are also rooted in the Polish language in Lithuania. Lexems, presented in the article, are a good example of the international words being an evidence of the unified tendencies within the European lexical division.

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Der Instrumental des Ortes und der Zeit in den slavischen Sprachen. Kasusmarkierung und präpositionale Kodierung lokaler und temporaler Relationen im Russischen, Polnischen und Serbeischen / Kroatischen

Author(s): A.V. Koroleva / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2015

Review of: The instrumental of place and time in the Slavic languages. Case marking and prepositional coding of local and temporal relations in Russian, Polish and Serbian / Croatian. Oldenburg: BIS-Verlag, 2014.

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О переводе русской лексемы бакалея на польский язык

Author(s): Maksim Duszkin / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2012

The paper discusses the Russian word бакалея and the issues in finding ways to translate it into Polish. The semantics of this Russian word has undergone several changes during the 18th–20th centuries, therefore, when translating, one should take into account the period of time that the Russian text is describing or comes from. It should be noted that there is no Polish lexeme which could be considered as an equivalent translation of the word бакалея used in contemporary texts.

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Rusycyzmy w socjolekcie młodzieży polskiego pochodzenia w Wilnie

Author(s): Miroslav Davlevič / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2011

A characteristic feature of the sociolect of the young people of Polish origin in Vilnius is the large number of borrowings from various languages. In the analyzed material different groups of words of foreign origin are distinguished. Borrowings from the Lithuanian, English, German, French and Italian languages are presented. However, the most prominent group - representing over 1/3 of the collected lexical data - are borrowings from the Russian language. This tendency is based on the long-term influence of the Russian language in these areas. Considering the subject of the borrowings as well as the level of adoption the following items are distinguished in this article: 1 Quotes: verbal and phraseological; 2 formal-semantic lexical borrowings (adopted words); 3 Semantic loanwords. In the majority of the cases these borrowings were taken over not from the literary language, but from the colloquial Russian language or Russian environmental dialects (e.g., criminal, youth slang, etc.) known as inter-sociolectic borrowings. Young people of Polish origin in Vilnius use sociolect, which is basically a mixture (mélange) of colloquial Russian, Russian criminal slang and Slavic expressive words (curse words and vulgar language). In a multilingual society the presence of lexical borrowings is an inevitable phenomenon. It is worth pointing out that in Lithuania (as well as on the territory of the former Soviet Union) the Russian language for a long period of time has performed the function of the interdialect.

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Балто-славянская конференция памяти Владимира Николаевича Топорова. Славистика в центральноевропейском контексте

Author(s): Maria V. Zavyalov,Tatyana V. Tsivyan,Dmitry K. Polyakov,Sergey S. Skorvid,Konstantin Nikolaevich Tsimbaev,Polina V. Korolkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2011

Conference report: Balto-Slavic Conference: Memory of Vladimir Nikolaevich Toporov. Slavic Studies in the Central-European Context

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К вопросу о формировании польскиx говоров в Литве: полемика вокруг Г. Турской

Author(s): Viktorija Ušinskienė / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2016

One of the most controversial problems in Polish historical dialectology is the ques¬tion of the genesis of the Polish language in the North-East Borderland of Poland, i.e., the variety of the Polish language which has developed in the former territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL). Some important aspects of the evolution of this language – first of all – its dialectical substrate and the chronology of the development of its different variants, have still not received an unambiguous interpretation, and this has inspired fur¬ther scientific research. The article deals with the systematization of the main approaches to the chronology of the formation of Polish dialects in Lithuania. It includes a system¬ic survey of the concepts made by important researchers of the Polish language of the borderland, such as K. Nitsch, H. Turska, J. Rieger, I. Grek-Pabisowa, I. Maryniakowa, V. Chekmonas and others. Historical circumstances in the GDL created a special relationship between the local Polish subdialects and the standard (cultural) dialect. Within the conditions of the autoch¬thonic development of the language, its official sub-system is formed on the basis of the dialects, while we can observe the reverse process in Lithuania, as the Polish standard dialect was formed there much earlier than the rural dialects. The areas of the Polish rural subdialects had been formed in the GDL around the second half of the 19th century as a result of the gradual polonization of the Lithuanian and Belarusian countryside. The at¬tempts of several scholars to shift the time of their formation to an earlier period of time, namely to the 16th-18th centuries, seem to be insufficiently convincing.

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Księga akt grodzkich trockich [1660–1661] ze zbiorów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego. IV

Author(s): Viktorija Ušinskienė / Language(s): Polish Issue: -/2016

The catalogue was prepared within the framework of the research project Court Books of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL): Digitization and Database, realized by Vilnius University Library in 2011–2014 (VUL, No. LIT–5–19). The paper deals with the previously unexplored Trakai Castle Court Acts of 1660–1661 (F7–MDGs, 1660–1661) from the VUL collection. It presents Part IV of the critical catalogue of the manuscripts written in Polish and Old Byelorussian (Ruthenian) languages, also as short descriptions of the documents No. 664–774 (pp. 709–826). These documents are important for the research of Lithuanian, Polish and Byelorussian history. Information accumulated within them reflects a broad political, social and cultural panorama of the multilingual GDL society. It enables us to consider them as unique reference books that represent the process of change in the sociolinguistic situation of the GDL.

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Влияние польского языка на семантику, синтаксис и прагматику предлогов в речи старообрядцев, проживающих в Польше

Author(s): Adam Jaskulski / Language(s): Russian Issue: -/2017

The main aim of this paper is to present the influence of the Polish language on the semantics, syntax and pragmatics of prepositions that are being used by Polish Old Believers. Nowadays, the Polish Old Believers live in a language island. Language islands are detached from their ethnolinguistic roots and suffer a constant shortage of language structures. On the one hand, they acquire the language of the dominant group; on the other hand, it is important for them to preserve the language of their ancestors. The Old Believers’ Russian dialect is and has been under the influence of the Polish language for over a century. The author presents prepositions that were observed in the speech of Old Believers living in Poland and are also typical for the Polish language. Thus, in all probability, they can be considered as a result of Polish influence in the Russian dialect.

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Библейские hapax legomena в рефлексии перевода (на материале Книги Иова из Виленского ветхозаветного свода (F 19–262) и польских библий XVI в.)

Author(s): Alla Andreevna Kozhinowa,Alena Sourkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

The article examines the linguistic aspects of the translational reflection on hapax legomena from the Book of Job. Lexical correspondences to the Hebrew hapax in Ruthenian (prosta(ja) mova) and Polish are compared with the material from Vilnius Old Testament Florilegium (F 19–262) (approx. 1517–1533), the Radziviłł Bible (Biblia Radzivillovska) (1563), and the Nesvizh Bible (Biblia Nieświeska) (1568–1572) by Symon Budny. All translations demonstrate examples of both etymological interpretation and representation of figurative meaning based on the closest context. Facts of the usage of classical Jewish exegetic comments suggest the existence of a traditional understanding of the “dark places” in the Book of Job.

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Дополнения к списку полонизмов в русском приказном языке ХVII века

Author(s): Liudmila Pavlovna Garbul’ / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2019

The article examines the history of the four words found in the Muscovite diplomatic correspondence: mevati ‘to have’, menovati ‘to call, to name’, metsja ‘to feel yourself; to live’, meškaniec ‘inhabitant’. The author aims at proving that these words are lexical borrowings from Polish language. The study is based on a careful comparison of data of various types of dictionaries of the Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian and Polish languages, which made it possible to prove the insincerity of these tokens in the Russian language and to establish the source of borrowing, as well as to identify the intermediary role written language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in Polish-Russian language contacts. The materials in this publication can be used to supplement and clarify the information of the etymological and historical dictionaries of the Slavic languages.

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Структура складаназлучанага сказа ў рэлiгiйна-палемiчным тэксце беларуска- лiтоўскa-польскiх татар

Author(s): Alla Andreevna Kozhinowa / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2019

The present paper focuses upon syntactic peculiarities of an arabographic text by Belarusian-Lithuanian-Polish Tatars. The text is extracted from manuscript P97 which dates back to the 18th century and is now stored at the Central Scientific Library of the Belarusian Academy of Sciences. The object of our study is a compound sentence. The paper concludes that the text under analysis, abundant in bookish constructions, displays no competition between literary Polish of that period, its regional variant and the East Slavic languages at the level of syntax, i.e. in terms of compound sentences.

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Lina Lieparskienė, Arūnas Baltėnas. Vietiniai. Nepaprasta kelionė į Trakų kraštą.

Author(s): Galina Miškinienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 2/2019

Review of: Galina Miškinienė - Lina Lieparskienė, Arūnas Baltėnas. Vietiniai. Nepaprasta kelionė į Trakų kraštą. Vilnius, 2019. 263 p. ISBN 978-609-95262-1-8, 978-609-425-245-7.

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ANALIZA WYBRANYCH CECH FONETYCZNYCH I MORFOLOGICZNYCH WYSTĘPUJĄCYCH W POLSKICH PIEŚNIACH LUDOWYCH Z WILEŃSZCZYZNY

Author(s): Anna Korycka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22(27)/2012

This article is devoted to an analysis of certain phonetic and morphological features that occur in the material of Polish folk music in the Vilnius region. Excerpts were chosen with respect to the dominant linguistic elements (both phonetic and morphological) of the region in question. Examples were taken from Songs of Vilnius Region (Pieśni Wileńszczyzny) by Jan Mincewicz, materials gained from the Archive of the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore in Vilnius, and the author’s own recordings. Based on dialectological publications (Kurzowa, Grek-Pabisowa, Sawaniewska-Mochowa, Rieger and others), an investigation into the occurrence of specific features of Northern Borderlands Polish in the Polish folk songs of the Vilnius region was undertaken. The Polish community is a dynamic group, the vast majority nurturing their own culture, language and customs. The first section of the article analyzes the phonetic features connected with the system of vowels and consonants. The second section contains an analysis of morphological phenomena (inflectional and word formative) present in the Polish folk songs known and sung in the Vilnius region. It was found that certain nouns change their grammatical gender; such singularities occur in the presence of the verb and the suffix -uk. The structure of the dialect in the researched area has been preserved quite well, which can be confirmed by the frequency with which the features typical of this region occur. In conclusion, on the basis of phonetics and morphology, it can be stated that the language of the Polish folk songs known and sung in Vilnius has retained many features of the dialect specific to the Northern Polish Borderlands.

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POLONIZMY W BUŁGARSKIM SŁOWNIKU WYRAZÓW OBCYCH STEFANA MŁADENOWA

Author(s): Elżbieta Michow / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14 (19)/2008

This article discusses lexical influences of Polish on Bulgarian based on the analysis of pre-war “Dictionary of Borrowings in Bulgarian” by Stefan Mladenov. The analysis of the lexical resources has revealed some special lexical relationships between the two languages and has led to a typological classification of borrowings: semantic and stylistic, as well as the history of borrowings.

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К вопросу о русских и польских грамматиках XVIII в. как учебниках по теории языка

Author(s): Alla Andreevna Kozhinowa / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2020

The article presents Russian and Polish grammarians’ points of view (Vasily Adodurov, Mikhail Lomonosov, Anton Barsov, Walenty Szylarski, Onufry Kopczyński) on considering language theory issues and how they described them in their works written in the 18th and early 19th centuries. The grammars under consideration were aimed not only at a detailed description of the Russian and Polish languages or teaching the correct language usage; in addition, they contained some theoretical information given in a manner that is comparable with modern linguistic knowledge. That information lay in the field of linguistic typology. It was also assumed that a language could acquire communicative, cognitive, nominative, and poetic functions (the appropriate terms were not used at that time). Besides, the issues concerning the forms of language existence – written and oral, as well as the dichotomy of language and speech, the nature of a language sign, including the ideas about its arbitrariness, its semantics and pragmatics were raised. Additionally, interesting discussions about sign relations at the phonetic-phonological language level, as well as some ideas of functional syntax were initiated. The results of the study lead to the conclusion that the grammars of the 18th century were a reflection of the historical situation in which this grammatical research was done.

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Типы рецепции Луцидария в России, Беларуси, Украине, Польше и Чехии середины XVI–первой четверти XX вв

Author(s): Sergei (Sergejus) Temchin (Temčinas) / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The article is focused on the problems of historical typology of the Slavic reception of the translated Lucidarius (Lucidář) in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and Czechia throughout its existence. For the first time, a general overview of Slavic evidences is presented in a generalized way, reflecting various types of perception (positive, negative, and neutral) of the specific literary text and indicating the chronology of each of them. Based on these evidences, their historical interpretation is presented, which consists in identifying two qualitatively different stages in the reception of the text under consideration: emotionally engaged (it can equally manifest itself in a positive or negative attitude) and neutral. The change of these historical stages took place in different Slavic countries within half a century (from the 1850s/60s to the 1920s). This process did not depend on the national characteristics of the functioning of Lucidaria, for example, the number of translations performed or their manuscript copies made, as well as the presence or the absence of a local Slavic printed tradition of this particular text, which significantly influenced the degree of its dissemination and, consequently, the level of acquaintance with it in the reading public.

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Šarka lietuvių ir slavų etninėje kultūroje

Author(s): Birutė Jasiūnaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2021

The article, based on a variety of ethnolinguistic material, especially folklore texts, aims to reveal the main similarities and differences in the interpretation of the image of the magpie in the ethnic culture of Lithuanians and Slavs. This bird in two traditions, in Lithuanian and in Slavonic, is treated ambivalently, more often negatively. This is due to the peculiarities of the bird’s appearance, and in particular the variegation of its plumage. This characteristic feature in the ethnic culture of many peoples is traditionally associated with evil spirits. Too talkative people, most often women, are compared with this bird. Common is the motive of the thief magpie. The name of the bird in all the languages is feminine, therefore, in both Lithuanian and Slavic mythopoetic texts, the social roles of a peasant woman are attributed to it: a daughter-in-law, a mother, a hostess, a cook, a nanny. Another common feature is the image of a magpie as a sorceress, herald of good or evil news and future events. These functions are associated with the tendency to depict witches and other mythical characters in the form of a magpie. The most striking differences in the interpretation of the magpie are the following ones: it is unusual for Lithuanians to associate the idea of procreation with it, and some Slavs (for example, the Czechs) believe that magpies bring children into the house. Lithuanians are also unaware of some features of the “working” behavior of a magpie, for example, the threshing motive. In their turn, Lithuanians attribute such crafts as shoemaking, brewing, and agriculture to magpies.

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Список первой половины XVII в. руськомовного перевода 1563 г. чешского Луцидария: публикация текста

Author(s): Sergei (Sergejus) Temchin (Temčinas) / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The younger manuscript copy of the 1563 Ruthenian translation of the Czech Lucidář is published in full (Moscow, State Public Historical Library of Russia, Department of Rare Books, Ms. 11, fol. 67v–89), which has preserved the afterword with the translation date and fills in a significant gap (twenty questions and answers) of the earlier manuscript copy.

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Built-in Argument Positions in Bulgarian and Polish

Author(s): Jakub Lubomir Banasiak / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2021

The issue of built-in argument positions is not particularly popular in contemporary Slavic studies. However, some developments have occurred since the introduction of predicate–argument logic in semantic–syntactic studies. This paper focuses not only on theoretical developments but also on conclusions arising from the study of two Slavic languages: Bulgarian (an analytic language) and Polish (a synthetic language). Until now, the issue of incorporating an argument position in the form of a predicative expression has been viewed as a lexical issue. However, both lexical and morphological means can be used to express a type of proposition. The peculiarities of the distinction between word and sentence are also discussed.

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