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Хуманизмот во поетиките на Иво Андриќ и Блаже Конески

Author(s): Jasmina Mojsieva-Guševa / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 2/2019

This article presents a comparative analysis on the poetics od Ivo Andic and Blaze Koneski, from the aspect of moral philosophy coprehension and its portion of presence. The analysis covers the segments of the Andric and Koneski’s stands and attitude on the issues of the decadentism in the art, their stands on the matter of the tradition, on the violence, etc. Also, this research analyses the style expressions on bouth authors. Especially, their interests and engagments for the human values and principals are accentted. The path of comparison moves in direction of the Balkan altruistic incoherence, the problem of the human relations and world parttiality that implicates the alienation and the loneliness. And finally, the problem of the rational behaviour of their literature heroes is accented as a basic of their humanism.

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Cirkus kao paradigma – cirkuska igra kao igra života u delima Ive Andrića i Danila Kiša

Author(s): Jelena Ratkov Kvočka / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2019

The play of life by Salko Ćorkan which, both on paper and in space, takes up an existential, artistic and metaphysical notion, is comparable to the (seemingly circus-like) play of life by Eduard Sam. Both characters are carried away by their play where their feet would never take them. Play transforms, it crashes all fences, opens up spaces of freedom, it exalts, while life becomes light, skilful, respectable and meaningful. Ćorkan’s ascent and dance on the icy stone fence of the bridge, the great danger and the gaping abyss on the verge of which he found himself, almost on a wire, will mean victory over life which he was destined to live on Earth, a detachment from solid ground, a take-off by light and on a desired path along which one should travel in life. Ivo Andrić and Danilo Kiš, and their unusual, free-thinking characters living a life lacking respect (though worthy of the highest respect) tell us a story (perform a play) on the meaning of life – the master and his apprentice.

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Individualni i kolektivni presjek izvora tragičnosti u Andrićevim romanima Prokleta avlija i Travnička hronika

Author(s): Olga Vojičić Komatina / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 2/2019

The subject of this paper is the interpretation of individual and collective sources of tragedy in the novels written by Ivo Andric The Damned Yard and Bosnian Chronicle. All the characters depicted in the novels belong to the chronotopos of Bosnia, and that affiliation is twofold - some protagonists belong to truly nationalized Bosnian offspring, by birth and a faith, and some are foreigners who, due to socio-historical circumstances, find themselves in the Bosnian cultural limbo. The belonging to a country which is not used neitherto the economicprogress, nor social changes, predisposes the collective tragicity of the characters, Bosnian inhabitants. Resistance to canons and various conditions of behavior and life creates individual confidential lines in their lives. Such a concept of life complicates the tragic situation in which they are tragic and those with Bosnian and non-Bosnian origin, both of them and others in a wider sense, are strangers in a specific chronotope of alienation.

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Sve/prostorna i vanvremenska ravan Andrićeve Proklete avlije

Author(s): Vesna Vukićević Janković / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 2/2019

Enclosure of the space and its demoniac materialisation, as contrary to the timelessness of spiritualization and humanization, are strongly reflected both on the frame and on the semantic layers of the central story. At the same time it suggests a free and an open reading process, which denies temporal definition of the story told and, at the same time, projects the space’s relative and flexible incorporation in the story. At this level, which is an important basis for contemporary critical perspective, we can talk about reactualization of certain contents and meanings of Andrić’s poetics and aesthetics, all the more for the fact that, naturally, they resist any attempt at a complete scientific decoding (as all the great accomplishment of human mind, principally, do).

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Sufijsko-simbolistička paradigma u poeziji Muse Ćazima Ćatića

Author(s): Adnan Pejčinović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2019

In recent Bosnia and Herzegovina literature, Musa Ćazim Ćatić is positioned as the first Bosniak poet of modern literature. His poetry diachronically belongs to three periods, first of which includes poems dominantly influences by folk poetry. Second period involves poems which combine rules of poetry of romanticism and modern literature and the third is modern poetry in the true sense of the word. His poems are uncritically described as religious, Sufi poetry, which should not be surprising because the poet is a successor of Bosniak literary heritage of Ottoman period, Ottoman Divan poetry. The paper tries to prove that there is a unique poetic principle of the poet’s work exclusive of the period when he was writing and if religious motives are present in his poems or not. The poetic principle is called a paradigm of Sufi symbolism, which sustainability can be found in similarity in ideological and philosophical outcome of Sufism and symbolism and in stylistic procedures in both poetries.

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Ahmed Nurudin i Vojtech Had – i naše vrijeme

Author(s): Romana Benić Brzica / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2019

Numerous similarities between novels Death and the Dervish by Mesa Selimovic and Jesuits by Jirij Sotola have been noticed by Ljudevit Bauer in the Literary Review back in 1970. Their common theme discusses the fate of man, representative of the religious order, dervish and Jesuits, who is in the conflict with his surroundings as well as with himself, the one who is torn between his own inclinations on one side and institutional, societal and church conventions, dogmas and restrictions on the other. Both novels tell the story of a human life, enquiring, existential powerlessness, inability to endure relativity of life and the fight with dark demons who lie in the foundations of every human personality, something which we all can relate to. Dwelling on their own thinking and their (burdened) consciousness, the main characters question their own time, and then, their analyses and doubts are no different from ours. The text’s main premise is a detrimental effect of a religious form on a life of an individual who is a part of it. The man is a victim of an order who has suppressed any possibility of his free life. The character of the religious orders can be presumed as repressive, both as an ideology as well as on personal and intimate plane. The novels speak of a past; however, they simultaneously confirm many negativities of our contemporary time. Such are the ideological conflicts, power struggles, moral instability and the feelings of imperil and absurdum. The consequences are dehumanization of a man, denial of humanism and the right for a free choice and the tragic alienation which aptly describes current times and the robot in it, the modern man.

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Mogućnosti Andrićevih pripovjedaka za djecu u odgoju djece i mladih

Author(s): Ozrenka Fišić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2019

In teaching of literature, I explore the possibilities of using creative therapies (bibliotherapy, poetic therapy, art therapy, forum theater, labyrinth of the senses, etc.) and I noticed that the students emotionally react and acquire new skills with joy, by developing their creative potential, self-expression and self-realization. While reading a wide range of literature, I discovered the positive experiences of others who use creative therapies in working with children. I investigated the therapeutic value of Andric’s short stories in working with students of primary school. These are the following stories: “The Book” in the prevention of fears of authority that turn into anxiety, “The Tower” in the prevention of initiation fears of growing up, “The Window” in the prevention of family violence, and “Children” in the prevention of bullying, by which I question the ethical principle of responsibility, confirming the idea of literature as a medium to establish communication with oneself that becomes aware of the other. Bibliotherapeutically carefully selected text has multiple roles: preventive - preparing children for fears that could cause trauma, and cathartic - processing existing trauma through a similar experience that characters from the story survive. That is where I see the possibilities of Andric’s short stories in the education of children and youth.

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Uz kontinuitet literarnog zajedništva u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Miroslav Artić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2012

Bosnia-Herzegovina is a space of stopped processes of mutual enrichment and well-intended recognitions between the different entities. The particularities and layeredness of the folklore creativity, the literary and artistic achievements and artistic creations in general in Bosnia-Herzegovina are growing out of, to paraphrase Svetozar Petrović, “the specific historical prerequisites”. In this work we will formulate them as four hypotheses, or four starting points, for understanding the literature and language in Bosnia-Herzegovina. It is an understanding which could be used as an open intersecting point of all cultural and literal specifics. And they would no longer be rejecting or assimilating each other, but would stay open for mutual understanding and recognition.

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“Bosanskohercegovačke književne teme” Midhata Begića i problem određenja književnosti u BiH

Author(s): Sanjin Kodrić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2012

The paper discusses the approach to the “Bosnian-Herzegovinian literary topics” offered in the literary-critical work of Midhat Begić, an author who, in many ways, can be considered one of the founders of modern Bosnian-Herzegovinian and Bosniak literary studies, as well as contemporary Bosnian-Herzegovinian literary comparatistics. In doing so, the paper pays special attention to the way in which Begić defines BosnianHerzegovinian literary practice and its status in both integral-supranational and particular-national sense, as well as to the relation of this to currently influential ideas of intercultural literary history and theory of interliterary process.

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Bosanska (i) međukulturna književnost

Author(s): Zvonko Kovač / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2012

As evident already in its title, within theoretical and pragmatic horizon of contemporary intercultural literary studies, the article attempts to relate concepts of Bosnian-Herzegovinian and intercultural literatures (especially those of central South Slavic literary and literary-critical communication area). It discusses scope of certain terms (cultural studies, interculturality, Bosnian literature etc.), their theoretical justification, functional usefulness, their conceptual orientation as well as ideological backgrounds of methodologies which limit or persistently question them.

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Predaje o vilama u tradiciji Hrvata Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Mirna Brkić-Vučina / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2012

Tradition and oral literature of the Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina is rich with storytelling, primarily spoken tales, which are distinguished by the variety of their forms. This paper deals with those which are told even today among the Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In these tales, fairies are depicted as young beautiful girls, with golden hair, wearing white dresses. Only one thing about them was horrible – they used to have a horse, donkey or a goat leg. At night you could hear them singing, dancing or laughing. Fairies’ love to horses was well-known, they would visit horse stables at night to play with them and plait their mane. They liked to help the weak and disliked injustice. On the other hand, they mercilessly punished evil people who did bad things or who betrayed them. In the 19th century, Ivan Kukuljevic Sakcinski classified fairies according to the place where they lived into: air fairies, earth fairies and water fairies. Earth fairies were further classified as mountain fairies and field fairies. Mountain fairies’ homes were in caves and grottoes. In the fairy tales told by the Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the fairies lived mostly in the mountains, where the fairies astral world and the world of the mortals used to intersect. An overwhelming opinion of the modern science is that the fairies were originally the personification of natural phenomena, and only later did different notions about fairies appear in the folk beliefs. In the tales told by the Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there were different explanations on the origin of fairies: some saying that God cursed conceited girls, turning their legs into hooves, which was so embarrassing for them that they had to hide in forests and mountains, the others saying that fairies were Adam and Eve’s children not blessed by God. Regardless of their origin, fairies have always symbolized freedom and tamelessness, which cannot be replaced by any human virtue.

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Postojanost novelističkog sižejnog obrasca na primjerima iz bošnjačke i hrvatske usmene proze

Author(s): Amira Dervišević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2012

The comparison between poetically most successful samples of novelettes recorded in Bosniak community and those novelettes from the neighbouring oral-prose traditions discovered that there is closeness in narration and that the subject forms mainly differ due to regional traits as well as independent solution of talented male and female narrators. The aim of the exposition is to show the constancy of novelette subject forms in Patnja u mladosti, a uživanje u starosti in examples of Bosniak and Croatian oral-prose tradition.

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Tematika i motivika porodične pjesme u okviru bošnjačke usmene lirike

Author(s): Nirha Efendić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2012

Family songs as a part of Bosniak lyrical folk literature have been recorded along with other literary heritage since the late 19th century, and especially intensely during the Austria-Hungary period. Most comprehensive collections of lyrical songs stem from this period – the manuscript collection by Ivan Zovko and published collection by Ludvik Kuba containing around 1,000 units each, as well as a series of smaller but not less important collections (by A. Hangi, S. Basagic, M. F. Kulinovic). An important but less known collection by Smail Bradaric containing 996 units of lyrical songs collected mainly in North-Western Bosnia was completed in the period between the two World Wars. The most significant among the collections from the later period until 1960’s is the fourvolume collection by Vlado Milosevic, which contains a significant number of family songs that didn’t get an appropriate public attention, left in the shadows of other lyrical forms, mostly love songs. In their theoretical context, family lyrical songs are covered by brief summaries within the wider framework of reviews of lyrical folk literature in general (V. Latkovic). Therefore, this paper aimed to offer a theoretical definition of family folk songs, a historical review of the recording of family folk songs and, finally, to analyze themes and motives of these songs.

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Problem ruba i centra u bošnjačkoj epici (O krajiškom / graničnom identitetu još jednom)

Author(s): Mirsad Kunić,Mirsad Kunić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2012

In the corpus of over forty songs I deal with different aspects of the epic personality of the hero Đerzelez Ali, which I justify by fact that hero is the most important segment of an epic narrative. Epic action in the borderland epics outgrown some classic forms and developed, according to Schmaus, all to epic (epos), and in this complex action hero could not remain flatly simple either. All the complexities of his personality can no longer cover the term “hero”, so, looking for a better one, I come up to the term “character”, taken from written literature, insisting in this way on the exact same model of motivation processes. In a larger corpus of poems, something that departs from the stereotyped performances is seen, so, in addition to the previously observed mythological one, I re cognize borderland and family dimension of this character as well. These three separate sets of features give me the right to conclude that here, in fact, we are talking about the dynamics rather than statics, about the character who, simply, develops in the same way as his close and distant relatives of written literature, especially novels. It was extremely exciting to notice sophisticated techniques of transformation of the mythical Đerzelez into a borderland hero in the poem Bećir Bey’s Wedding by Halil Bajgorić, techniques and procedures of its spacial and symbolic transfer from the forgotten center to the exciting border of the Empire. And after all these adventures in space, our hero had to cope with the center in himself in the poem Gerzelez Ali from the collection of Mehmed Dž. Kurt.

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Boravišta komike u dramama o novobalkanskom ratu u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Sava Anđelković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2012

The author deals with drama texts written in the BCMS language about the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995, and discusses comic and humourous elements in them. He determines the function of the comic in the plays of authors from Bosnia and Herzegovina: Almir Imširević (If This Were a Performance…) and Zlatko Topčić (Happy New Year 1994!!!); from Croatia: Damir Šodan (Protected Zone); and from Serbia: Isidora Bjelica (The Saga About UNPROFOR) and Goran Marković (The Theatre Tour). He concludes that Šodan means to convey that the former common state (Yugoslavia) used war to treat the madness which had struck all levels of society. Imširević speaks about love, which constantly tries to overshadow hatred in his play, with “characters and witnesses” that should point out the culprits, but since it is nevertheless impossible to do so, the verdict is left to swearwords. Bjelica tries her hand at the genre of “propaganda drama”, using militant humour to try to prove that the Serbs (especially in Bosnia) are the most courageous. Marković manages to amuse with an interesting play about actors in the war, but does not succeed in equalizing the misdeeds of all the belligerents. Topčić shows how war frightens and destroys, but his subconscious and implicit thesis is that life is killed by war itself, and not by the shell fired by a warrior.

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Usporedno čitanje bosanskohercegovačke i hrvatske dnevničke proze za djecu i mladež (Zlatin dnevnik Zlate Filipović i Mali ratni dnevnik Stjepana Tomaša)

Author(s): Dragica Dragun / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2012

The paper represents a comparative analysis of two diary specimens. It considers the non-fictional (Zlata’s Diary) and the fictional (Small Wartime Diary) of two diary subjects – Zlata and Cvijeta and their observations regarding two war-stricken areas – of Sarajevo and Osijek, Bosnia and Croatia. The diaries are recognised as a source of psychological self-help, but also as documents of the specific time. The central topic is the war, which both in Osijek and in Sarajevo brings about destruction of towns, families, friendships; death... Both diary subjects are more or less of the same age and they spend the described period of their childhood in a cellar – place of conditional safety, or separated from their parents. They both notice the consequences and traces of war primarily on the people closest to them. Although the central line of both stories is the war, both Zlata’s and Cvijeta’s records deal also with some topics which are not related to the war, whether on the social, cultural or personal level (the ones which are most frequently recorded in diaries), which are however only temporary digressions sprung from the need to take a distance from the existential anxiety of the girls who, faced with a tragic, wartime context, reach maturity before their time.

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Irfan Horozović – interkultur(al)na veza hrvatske i bosanskohercegovačke književnosti

Author(s): Šeherzada Džafić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2012

Irfan Horozović, as an example of a writer who has been writing out of territorial, linguistic, ideological and existential framework of the home environment, has become a spotlight of the recent theoretical considerations which emphasizes his identity / diversity. This paper takes a different approach aimed to see Horozović not as “two-literature writer” but Croatian and Bosnian literatures as a kind of intercultural literatures. The question is why it was written about Horozović in critical papers and studies of Croatian fantasists (B. Donat, V. Visković and J. Pavičić) while we can found him in all Bosnian Herzegovinian literature books and while Horozović himself chooses to be a BosnianHerzegovinian writer. This paper attempted to answer these questions and confirm the thesis that “intercultural history of literature can be useful in many ways and help Croatian studies not taking away anything from their socio-cultural, patriotic-enlightenment functions or of their national and social importance, so that they can, in a more relaxed way, understand their particular differentiation, literature of their diaspora, and then their intercultural specificity in the context of South Slavic / Slavic culture” (Z. Kovač). The ultimate goal of this paper is also to show, in the case of Irfan Horozović, that specific feature of Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature to share its writers with other literatures is, in fact, not a disadvantage but an advantage, the more so because it gets in this way diversity and interculturalism, openness and specifics, which are all important characteristics of modern literature.

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Hrvatsko-bosanskohercegovačka paralela u ženskom ratnom diskursu

Author(s): Emilija Kovač / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2012

The paper elaborates the parallel between two different literatures, which, having been shaped by similar conditions (they were both determined by war, which shifts the focus to the issue of both individual and group identity), provide context for one another. The elaborated writers (Ružica Hrnjkaš and Emica Rubil) belong to a group that cultivates the war discourse in its narrow sense (the original accounts of war) by witnessing the reality carved into the body. The strong reality of the time launched a restoration of mimeticity as a productive poetic principle. The context of war and the immediate involvement of the authors in the current state of affairs mobilize emotional and positive energy while also infusing the text with a clarion call. The low degree of fictionalization suits the documentaristic and enlightening tendencies well. Its ideologicity imposes itself as an important structural layer: it is traditionalistic, authenticated by the group’s modus vivendi. Absence of quality characteristic for a women’s writing is evident. Even if the chosen women writers do not spearhead the aesthetic assessment of the text, they are crucial as witnesses of the time, writers whose words are authentic and confirmed by personal experience.

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Промените во структурата на идентитетите: генерална тема во современата проза на Балканот

Author(s): Jasmina Mojsieva-Guševa / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 2/2012

This paper is about the structural changes of individual identities of the heroes in contemporary Balkan prose. Identity, as the most universal human category is socially, temporally and regionally determined. The changes that occur in these three segments inevitably bring changes in the system of building identities. This issue is frequently in the focus of the interest of many intercultural transitional Balkan authors. In this occasion, we will dwell on the interpretations of changes of literary identities of the heroes in the works of A. Hemon and L. Dimkovska as paradigmatic in different ways of forming one’s identity in the conditions of changing the work environments, to which the authors, as well as their heroes, were subjected.

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Проксемите како идеологеми

Author(s): Vesna Mojsova-Chepishevska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 2/2012

The spatial signs, or the proxemics in the work by Pajo Avirovic (Џахиз и истребувачите на кучиња), as well as in those by Tatjana Gromaca (Crnac), Miljenko Jergovic (Sarajevski Marlboro) and Fadila Nura Haver (Kad umrem da se smijem) are revealed through careful reading, which, on the other hand, points to the existence of two systems of signs. One is external, and as such is as foreign / isolated as it is harshly real, while the other is internal and is perceived as native / personal, as well as virtual. These signs are infused with meaning in an ideological sense and are incorporated in a whole ideologematic idea, and thus, the external sign becomes an ideologeme for foreign country, while the internal sign becomes an ideologeme for native country within the main question: Where is / What is my native country?, and also a question: Who I’m? In an even deeper analysis (as a mytheme), the external sign is closely connected to the adult, through the growing up process, especially the act of self-awareness as initiation, while the internal sign is connected to the child itself.

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