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Nancy Fraser tracks the reconfiguration of the relations of social reproduction under successive regimes of accumulation – “separate spheres”, male breadwinner, dual-income household. Are the exactions of financialized capitalism now serving to undermine its lifeworld?
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In my paper, I look at the gender regime and “women’s policy” after 2008 in the context of the history of the integration of female formal and informal labour into society. I show that the productive and reproductive labour performed by women has integrated into society in different ways in different historical periods, according to way in which Hungary integrated into the world system. I argue that when looking at the gender regime and “women’s policy” after 2008, in addition to the rearrangement directly caused by the crisis, we also need to consider the demographic downturn that has been continuous from the 1950s, the abortion discourse attached to this, as well as the downturn of the world economy from the 1970s. We need to consider the way in which Hungary formally reintegrated into the world system in a dependent, semi-peripheral position during the regime change.
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This article deals with the social crisis that has shaken the XXI century and aims to prove that philosophers, such as Iqbal, foretold today’s crisis in the last century. Overall crisis of humanity, whether it is on today’s age or past, has its roots in the concept of injustice. Injustice has two faces, one that is socially imposed and another that the individuals set to themselves. This is a Qur’anic concept that dates back to the ancient times. The ancient philosophers as well as all prophets talked about it and proposed the same solution. From Rumi to Shakespeare and from Shakespeare to Iqbal, this injustice is a common theme and these writers have followed the tradition of ideals to make the world a better place.
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In recent years, anthropologists have increasingly identified topics and facets of sport as important fields of inquiry for their discipline. Following a discussion of the rather sporadic and cursory engagement with sport in social anthropology in the German, French, British and American tradition, we examine the changing role of anthropology of sport by discussing its methodologies and the analytical value of key concepts for the study of contemporary social, cultural, economic and political phenomena. Given the ongoing processes of sports’ globalization and commercialization, such phenomena are increasingly visible in and through games, events and changing local body cultures. In order to utilize sports’ increasing potential for central debates in anthropology, we argue for further consolidation and institutionalization of sports research in the discipline.
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Oba wyrazy u podstaw mają łaciński rzeczownik femina ‘kobieta’, jednakże procesy ich adaptacji w polszczyźnie przebiegały nieco inaczej. Pierwszy z nich: feminatywum (< łac. feminativum dosł. ‘uczyniony zniewieściałym’ < łac. feminativus dosł. ‘czyniący zniewieściałym’ < łac. feminatus dosł. ‘zniewieściały’) należy do słownictwa specjalistycznego, a ściślej rzecz ujmując – do terminologii językoznawczej i oznacza rzeczownik, który – zwykle derywowany od rzeczownika rodzaju męskiego – nazywa kobiecy zawód bądź funkcję albo stanowi żeński wariant nazwy wykonawcy czynności lub osobową żeńską nazwę charakterystyczną [por. Łaziński 2006].
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Reviews of: 1. New Perspectives on South-East Europe: Bosnia and Herzegovina's Foreign Policy Since Independence, Jasmin Hasić, Dženeta Karabegović (ur.), Palgrave Macmillan; London; 2019; ISBN za izdanje u tvrdim koricama 978-3-030- 05653-7; DOI 10.1007/978-3- 030-05654-4; broj stranica XXV, 262; engleski jezik. Review by: Lejla Ramić-Mesihović; 2. Don Kalb i Gábor Halmai (ur.). Naslov: nacija, podtekst: klasa. Populizam radničke klase i povratak potlačenih u neoliberalnoj Evropi. Prevod: Adisa Okerić Zaid. Edicija re:politiko, Sarajevo: Udruženje Mreža za izgradnju mira, 2020, str. 244. Review by: Anđela Pepić; 3. Desni i lijevi populizam Prikaz Zbornika Paradoks demokratije: Populizam i njegova savremena kriza Sarajevo, 2020. Review by: Valida Repovac Nikšić; 4. Edin Urjan Kukavica: Priručnik za revoluciju Sarajevo: Sabah print, 2018. Review by: Dijana Simanić; 5. Mujo Demirović. Bosna na udaru srpskog nacionalizma (Izabrani tekstovi) Pula: Nacionalna zajednica Bošnjaka Istre, 2019. Review by: Demijan Kosatica; 6. Zilka Spahić Šiljak. Sociologija roda – feministička kritika 2019. Review by: Merima Jašarević
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Japanese occupation of the Korean Peninsula and its rule there between 1910 and 1945 had serious impact on the Korean society and at the memories of its people. This impact has political and socio-cultural reflections. Between two countries (at this point it would be better to use three countries since it is necessary to add North Korea too to the issue), there are some problems coming from the colonial rule, and sometimes they become more visible and lead to tension. One of those issues is the “comfort women”. In this paper, it is aimed to analyse how the comfort women issue has come out, how it affects the international relations of the related countries and finally how the issue is addressed from the international law perspective. This analysis will be constructed based on a feminist theory perspective mainly concentrating on the war rapes and women’s forced participation at this process. The study aims to contribute to the literature in the way that; both it is one of the few examples in Turkish literature on comfort women issue and it is one of the few examples of case study with feminist perspective.
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The article presents the issue of the free movement of persons in the European Union in the field of same-sex marriage rights, taking into account comparative elements. The research presents provisions of the European Union, as well as internal regulations in force in France, Ireland and Poland. The article discusses the approach to the analysed issue at the level of EU regulations and internal regulations of the examined Member States. Moreover, the interaction between EU and national regulations is an important research point. Besides the article shows case variants concerning the recognition of same-sex relationships due to the legal and ideological conditions in the analysed countries Also, the article analyses the impact and importance of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights for the studied topic. In addition, the study takes into consideration the impact of constitutional provisions on the legalization of homosexual couples in the analysed countries. The article is divided into parts covering the following issues: free movement of persons in the European Union, the right to family reunification of European Union citizens, relations between European Union law and the internal law of the Member States, recognition of same-sex marriages in France, Ireland and Poland, and summary. The opinions of A. Tryfonidou, H. Verschueren, P. Tulea and M. Bell were included in the study due to their importance to the research are.
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Developments in many areas in Turkey started with the westernization movements in 19th century. With these westernization movements, important steps were taken in education and women's social rights. Women whose education level increased also started to develop themselves in art. Some learned to paint by taking private lessons from the artists, and others by studying at the Sanayi-Nefise Mektebi (School of Fine Arts). Women struggling to become an artist-woman improved themselves in the field of painting with the İnas Sanayi-Nefise Mektebi (School of Fine Arts). Especially Mihri Müşfik, one of the important names of the women's movement, elevated the woman to the position of the performer by removing the woman from being an object. In this study, in the paintings of Mihri Müşfik with the theme of women Women's clothes were examined in terms of Clothing Arts and similar aspects of the fashion of the period and today's fashion were tried to be revealed. The literature was searched, and it was interpreted by making use of the relevant sources and periodicals.
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The purpose of this paper is to propose a psychosociological approach to the configuration of human bonds, on the one hand, and a methodological reflection on the analysis, on the other. The bonds are analyzed in their less explicit side, in order to reveal those emotional and representational elements which tend to express themselves an unclear and obscure way. The empirical research material has been a set of jokes told in different focus groups, with participants located in similar social positions. We analysed the associative chains developed in group dynamics, presenting methodological schemes for each particular analysis. The “latent accounts” arising from the analysis of each discussion group exhibit significant differences which are expressive of link models specific to each social context. Additionally, the phenomenon of the joke is confirmed as a valuable tool for social research.
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The objectification of women in art and pornography is often seen as harmful. However, Martha Nussbaum’s articulation of seven types of objectification shows how it can be benign or positive depending on the context. This paper utilizes Nussbaum’s ideas to examine the objectification of women depicted in shunga, sexually explicit art created in 17th-19th century Japan, and how it differs from European art of the same period. It also explores related issues of equality, sexuality, and agency.
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This paper attempts to delineate and focus on the common narrative thread running through subsequent cinematic treatises on the situation of women during the Partition, particularly those kidnapped and sexually violated during the vivisection. It proposes to construct a cultural and memorialized history of the Partition through a reading of mediated representations of literary engagements with the event, particularly the narrativization of the cinematic trope of the ‘radicalized’ Muslim and his involvement in the abduction of “chaste” Hindu women during the cataclysmic event. In doing so it considers films such as 1947-Earth (1999), Pinjar (2003), and Khamosh Pani (2003) as seminal films addressing female abductions during the Partition and the memorialization of trauma through cinema. The paper takes a feminist approach to addressing the question of the possession of the female body as the symbolic occupation of the nation.
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The United States does not comply with the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), which is the United Nations’ core binding anti-racism human rights convention. One hundred and seventy seven states, including the US, have ratified the anti-racism multilateral agreement. The nation entered into the pact in 1994 yet still has not implemented its obligations to the statute. This study focuses on the protections ICERD provides Latino immigrants who are not United States citizens as this group is often ignored in advocacy for implementation strategies. Areas where the United States does not comply with ICERD include discriminatory immigration policies and practices, violent and discriminatory policing, gendered violence, and inequalities in the criminal justice system. It is critical to examine ICERD’s protections for Latino non-citizens because it reveals how the group experiences racism differently than other people because they endure intersectional forms of systematic and institutional discrimination due to their race, ethnicity, citizenship status, gender, and other identity traits. Methodologies used in this study include analysis of ICERD’s monitoring body’s General Recommendations, and the monitoring body’s reports about the United States’ lack of compliance with the statute. These are the most powerful regulatory forces of the treaty due to the monitoring body’s positionality as experts about the pact appointed through the United Nations system.
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The paper analyzes a recent experiment in the collaborative production of ethnographic knowledge and the use of the graphic novel form as an alternative to the conventional academic monograph. Lissa: A Story about Medical Promise, Friendship, and Revolution (2017) is discussed here as a useful tool in the age of globalization for building recognition of the need to protect the lives of people other than our immediate kin, tribe, race, or nation. The paper argues that both the collaborative research behind the story and the formal experimentation stem from the authors’ sense of accountability to their informants. By telling a story about distant others who are given names and faces, Lissa’s authors encourage readers to develop empathy across borders.
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In the light of the announced adoption of the Law on Same-Sex Unions, the question arises whether the draft law is in accordance with the Constitution, especially after the announcements that the law will not be signed. Although the Constitution specifies that marriage is a union of a man and a woman, experts point out that in this case it is not a law on marriage and family, nor does it provide for the possibility of adoption of children by same-sex couples, but that it regulates property, health, pension and other legal relationships of same-sex partners living in the union. At the same time, many public figures have invited traditional religious communities to react in order to defend the “right to freedom and future of the people”, emphasizing that contentious issues related to the regulation of mutual rights and obligations of same-sex couples could be resolved by amending the existing laws in those areas. In the countries where similar laws exist, case law has played a significant role, just as various medical and psychological associations. The European case law is not uniform, and cases often end before the European Court of Human Rights, while in the United States at the federal level, all anti-homosexual laws are repealed by a Supreme Court decision (Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 [2003]). Nevertheless, there is no single law in this area and the rights of same-sex couples vary from country to country. The paper will provide an overview of significant court decisions in this area in European countries, as well as the decisions of the US Supreme Court, which may lead us to think about the possible legal consequences of (non)adoption of the disputed Law on Same-Sex Unions, about procedures that could be initiated if partners decided to request judicial protection for the purpose of recognizing their guaranteed human rights, as well as the content and significance of such court judgments.
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Thousands of Latin American women disappear on daily basis. The United Nations through the Women Unit classifies Mexico as an emergency State, and Brazil as an alarming country in terms of violence and murder against women and little girls. However, the key question is to analyse the tolerance toward violence and subjugation of women in Mexico and Brazil. The hypothesis of this work is based on the idea that violence against women in Mexico and Brazil is due to prevalent machismo in those countries, which is influenced by the political, social, economic and cultural structure. The present text aims to understand how machismo is embodied into Mexican and Brazilian culture, reflected into family and social structures and values, as well as inside the political establishment, which contributes not only to subjugating women, but also to increasing gender violence in these countries, where corruption and impunity are also critical. The text is based on an interdisciplinary perspective, with ethnographic data extracted by direct interviews conducted in the communities of Xochimilco, South of Mexico City, Mexico. The article exposes the main perspectives about machismo, offers a cultural description of family values and social tolerance towards machismo, provides a general picture about the levels of gender violence in Mexico and Brazil, and presents the role of political establishment in the development of machismo, and finally it offers some conclusive comments.
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Objectives. The aim of this study was to review the most important factors influencing women's involvement in drug trafficking. Material and methods. A systematic search of literature was carried out using Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, ProQuest Central, PsychInfo. The inclusion criteria were met by fifty- two studies. In order to facilitate the understanding of the behavior of women who commit this crime, factor analysis was grouped into social-cultural, personal and psychological factors. Results. The main social and cultural factors considered were the adopted political system, the racial element, the cultural-regional peculiarities, the geographical positioning, the socio-economic status and the sociofamilial environment. The personal factors identified were age, occupation, lifestyle, system of norms and values, and psychological ones referred to indicators of psychological disorders, addictive behavior, the ability to control reactions and the perceived level of self-efficacy. Conclusions. The factors with the highest share of drug trafficking among women were group membership, economic and social status, educational level of parents and friends, prison history and drug use. If in the rural area the main factor that determines women to get involved in drug trafficking is the lack of a job and a low level of education, in the urban area, the influence of the group is significant. Regarding the reasons behind the involvement of women in such criminal acts or in the manifestation of addictive behaviors, these are often compensatory mechanisms, adopted in the absence of effective coping strategies.
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The progress of any society, be it modern or traditional, entails and depends on mentalities, derived from stereotypes and prejudices formed over time and transmitted from one generation to another. Of these, the most commonly used are those about the role and place of women and men in society. For Romanians, the nineteenth century was a century of "lights" because, beyond their liberation from foreign rule (Phanariot, then Ottoman), it was the time when an extensive process of "enlightenment" of the people began, including the gastronomic field. Supported by the theoretical framework on gender provided by Kelly, Bayes et al. (2004) and Gordon (1993), our paper aims at illustrating the factors that contributed to the resistance of traditional perceptions on the gender-based division of domestic labour. The survey conducted in this study highlights the major changes that have taken place in Romanian society, from the 19th century to the present, in order to account for the evolution of the housewife to the lady chef or chef. The sociolinguistic perspective will be based on a corpus of texts, namely prefaces of some cookbooks as "useful books" for Romanian domestic economy, published in the 19th and 20th centuries, and on information extracted from online and contemporary media, to the purpose of highlighting the major changes that have taken place in Romanian society, from the housewife to the lady chef or chef.
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