A DISZPOZICIONÁLIS HÁLA ÉS A MENTÁLIS EGÉSZSÉG KAPCSOLATA VÁRANDÓS NŐK KÖRÉBEN

Author(s): Andrea Ferenczi,Zsuzsanna Kövi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2022

The Relationship between Gratitude and Mental Health among Pregnant Women. BACKGROUND – Becoming a mother, that is the forty weeks of pregnancy, is a highlighted stage of life for a woman. It is a defining period for both the mother and her child, who is to be born. Furthermore, gestation can be understood as a normative crisis as well, during which numerous psychological problems may evolve. Therefore, the preservation of mental health and support provided for women are especially important in prenatal care.GOALS – The purpose of this study is to examine the role of gratitude, appreciation, subjective well-being, and social support – as momentous constructs of health psychology – in assisting mental health in the lives of pregnant women and to explore the relations between these variables.METHODS – 79 pregnant women participated in our online, qualitative investigation; 36 of them had been writing gratitude diaries for 4 weeks. We compared the questionnaires’ results (filled out both before and after the intervention) of the experimental group (n = 36) with the results of the control group (n = 43) similarly filled out on two different occasions. The following instruments were used in our study: Gratitude, Resentment, and Appreciation Test; Appreciation Scale; Subjective Well-Being Questionnaire; MOS Social Support Survey.RESULTS – Higher appreciation and dispositional gratitude correlates with a high-er sense of subjective well-being and a better perception of social support. In the experimental group, writing a gratitude diary was followed by a significant positive change in all questionnaires: the scores for gratitude, appreciation, subjective well-being, and social support increased.CONCLUSIONS – Dispositional gratitude that can be improved by such a simple intervention as writing a gratitude diary is a useful means of supporting the mental health of pregnant women and thereby of preserving and promoting their psycho-logical and physical well-being. Besides medical healthcare, expectant women are in particular need of professional mental support, wherefore it is important not only to maintain their physical health but also to introduce new methods that assist mentally the well-being of pregnant persons.

A MULTIFACETED PERSPECTIVE ON TRUST AMID STUDENTS: FROM THE INDIVIDUAL TO THE INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL

Author(s): Paul-Claudiu Cotîrleţ / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Research background: Scholars used to equate trust and distrust with a person's statement of trust in the intentions and motivations of others. Other studies focused on trustor conduct based on favorable expectations about a trustee's course of action. Starting from these premises, the present article aims to discuss the role of awareness and the perception of trust among students, from a multifaceted perspective, namely from the individual (i.e., representatives) to the institutional level. There is a growing awareness of the crucial role that trust plays in every aspect of life. Whether we are talking about everyday life or considering the educational process or making decisions, trust is an essential concept for the success of any type of adapting process. Amid the pandemic crisis (Covid-19), trust (in the authorities, in the messages they sent, in specialists’ opinions, in the political leaders) has often made the difference between life and death. The trustor can rest assured that their expectations will be fulfilled based on confidence in the other party’s benevolence, honesty, openness, reliability, and competence. Also, in the post-truth period, trust seems to matter less and less. In this context, the citizen’s trust in public authorities and their own elected parliament is to a low level. Purpose of the article: The study aims to explore the role that trust has in the relationship with relatives and institutions. Methods: An online survey among the students from the University Center of Bacau, Romania (N=633) was conducted in November 2021. The survey aimed to highlight the role that trust plays in forming opinions among students about the relationship with colleagues, friends, and family, but also how this relates to various state authorities, such as: parliament, government, mass media, NGOs, health system, universities, specialists, army. Findings & Value added: The findings indicated that trust could be influenced by the gender. Furthermore, there is a significant link between people with a high level of trust in the institutions and in the representatives of the institutions.

A Reflection on the Interventionist Approach to Menstrual Management in the Global South

Author(s): Aysha Farhana Chakkampully / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This paper contains following book review: Bobel, C. 2019. The Managed Body; Developing Girls and Menstrual Health in the Global South. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.

ABANDONED AND FORGOTTEN? VIOLENT DEATHS OF PREVIOUSLY ABUSED FEMALE VICTIMS IN CROATIA

Author(s): Dalida Rittossa,Marissabell Škorić / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2021

The paper is divided into two parts to facilitate a clearer understanding of different aspects of the violent death of previously abused female victims. The first part offers a brief overview of the most recent phenomenological conclusions on violence ending in death and explains the need to focus on gender differences in homicide victimisation. A bulk of research has confirmed that most women are more vulnerable to homicide within home and that the lethal outcome is an escalation of previously experienced abuse. In order to contribute to a more in-depth study of female intimate homicides, the authors focus on a variety of definitions and draw a clear line between the term femicide and the aggravated murder of a closely related person. In the second part of the paper, the authors have analysed the case-law of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia in which the perpetrators were found guilty of the criminal offence of aggravated murder of a closely related person (Art. 111, Para. 3 of the Criminal Code) in the period from 1 January 2013 to 1 June 2020. The research primarily focused on the circumstance of previous abuse, especially on the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator, the duration and frequency of abuse, and the reaction of the environment and competent authorities in cases where they knew about the abuse or when it was reported.

AGGRESSION IN WOMEN’S RUGBY: CORRELATION WITH AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC EXERCISE CAPACITY

Author(s): Florentina-Petruța MARTINAȘ,Gabriela LEPCIUC,Petruț-Florin TROFIN / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the game of rugby, aggression is allowed by regulation, being educated the athlete’s ability to play and fight until the end without using the destructive act in order to reach the desired performance. In the present research, the group of participants consisted of 20 senior rugby players, professional athletes of the CS Politehnica Iași Women’s Rugby Sevens team (163.2 ± 5.9 cm, 59.7 ± 5.8 kg, 22.4 ± 1.6 kg/m2, 28.5 ± 3.1% body fat and 31.1 ± 1.5% muscle mass). The aim of this paper is to investigate the correlations between aggression and the aerobic and anaerobic exercise capacity of female rugby players. The Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) was applied to assess aggressiveness, aerobic capacity was assessed by the VAM-Eval test (49.65 ± 3.99 ml/kg/min), and the 8 x 10 + 10 m test (6.91 ± 1.89%) was used to determine anaerobic lactacid power. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism 6 program by applying the Pearson correlation index. Analysis of the results for the research sample reveal a single significant correlation between maximum oxygen consumption and the level of verbal aggression (r = 0.451, p = 0.045). At the same time, there is no connection between anaerobic exercise capacity and aggression parameters. The research results also indicate a direct relation established between aerobic endurance and the level of verbal aggression of female athletes, which can be used in sports selection.

Agnieszka Graff – Elżbieta Korolczuk: Anti-Gender Politics in the Populist Moment

Author(s): Ines Herćan / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2022

Review of: Ines Herćan - Agnieszka Graff, Elżbieta Korolczuk: Anti-Gender Politics in the Populist Moment, New York: Routledge, 2021, 212 s., ISBN 9780367679491

Agresja i przemoc szkolna doświadczana przez uczniów i uczennice z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w trzech formach kształcenia. Studium różnicy płci

Author(s): Marzena Buchnat / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

Aggression and school violence have been a permanent feature of every school. Experiencing this phenomenon negatively affects the development of every person. How often it is experienced depends on many factors, including gender and disability. Among children most exposed to peer victimization, there are students with mild intellectual disabilities who, due to their developmental deficits, are more likely to become victims. The conducted research is an attempt to answer the question whether there are differences in the level of experiencing school aggression and violence between girls and boys with mild intellectual disability attending the fourth and fifth grades of special schools, mainstream schools and integrated classes. The obtained research results lead to a discussion on the extent to which the “gender effect” and “disability effect” influence the experience of aggression and school violence in students with mild intellectual disability learning in various forms of educational organization. The presented results will be the basis for a discussion on overt and covert mechanisms of reproducing the gender difference in educational institutions.

Akademisyenlerde Cam Tavan Sendromu Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Spor Bilimleri Fakülteleri Örneği

Author(s): Mehmet HOCAOĞLU,Ataman TÜKENMEZ,Bilge DONUK / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 25/2022

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between academician perception levels and certain sociodemographic variables about artificial barriers that prevent women from coming to senior management positions. Sixty six female (X̅ age=35.74±8.27) and 64 male (X̅ age=34.45±6.59); a total of 130 (X̅ age=35.11±7.49) academicians working with different academic titles and assignments in selected universities from all geographical regions of Turkey voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were given a personal information form along with the Glass Ceiling Barriers Scale which was developed and validated by Yavuzer and Özkan (2020). After exploring a normally distributed data, t-tests and one-way analyzes of variance were conducted to examine the independent variables related to the participants with the perception levels of the artificial barriers that women face in reaching senior management positions. As a result of the research, statistically significant differences in the perception levels of the artificial barriers that women face in reaching senior management positions were found between groups according to gender and ages of the participants

Amila Kasumović, Zatočene: Žene u zatvorskom sustavu Bosne i Hercegovine 1878-1914

Author(s): Mehmed Hodžić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2022

Review of: Amila Kasumović, Zatočene: Žene u zatvorskom sustavu Bosne i Hercegovine 1878-1914, Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu, Sarajevo, 2021, str. 165

An Analysis of the Legal Provisions of Entering the Mosque for Menstruated Women

Author(s): Tuba ERKOÇ BAYDAR / Language(s): English Issue: 57/2022

There are some main prohibitions placed upon the menstruating woman in Islamic Law. One of these prohibitions mentioned in classical books is known that women cannot enter the mosque while they are menstruating. However, there are many fatwas given that women can enter the mosque when they are menstruating, especially today. In this paper, we investigate the question of the permissibility of entering a mosque for menstruating women according to Islamic law. Our paper consists of three main chapters. After establishing a general framework, in the second chapter, we will shortly discuss the positions of all four Sunnī schools of law on this issue. Also in the second chapter, we will especially present the related opinions of the members of the Shāfiī school of law, as they include detailed issues in this regard and gave the basis for the fatwas given in the modern period. Finally, we will elaborate on the general framework and revisit contamporary positions with their supporting proofs and arguments. Thereby we will offer a systematic examination of the juristic ruling of entering a mosque for menstruating women.

ANDROCENTRISM AND MISOGYNY: DEBUNKING MYTHS REGARDING THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE BIAFRAN WAR ECONOMY, 1967-1970

Author(s): Victor Ukaogo,Uche Uwaezuoke Okonkwo,Ogechi Cecilia Ukaogo / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

This study examines women’s role in Nigeria’s fratricidal war that ended in 1970 by debunking several myths on the subject matter. With the war’s end, scholars have been unable to put in proper perspective the role of women in that conflict; instead, the generality of people prefer to live in denial by consigning the role of women to obscurity and oblivion. Male-dominated narratives of bravery and invincibility depict a shut-down mentality against the womenfolk whose wartime activities count for nothing. This seeming social exclusion and marginalization of femininity are very pronounced. Historical and oral evidence abound but remains mostly unacknowledged on successful women traders in times of conflict. Several women gave a good account of themselves during the war it would have been a measure of fairness in the civil war narratives if a few of these women had received the slightest mention. The above is a glaring lacuna and thus a significant challenge and concern for this study. The study used mainly oral sources interlaced with secondary materials and based on historical narrative style in giving relevance to women’s role in the war. It however came with the consequences of a moral dilemma.

Angela Carter’s Duplicitous Dolls

Author(s): Eliza Claudia Filimon / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2014

Angela Carter’s fiction offers readers an example of the way male fetishism transforms woman into an object, a toy seduced by other toys, a living doll. The majority of her tales take up the theme of fetishist entrapment in an attempt to make the forbidden voice heard, beyond the confines of rationality. The portrayal of the eccentric feminine takes shape in a new literary space populated with male and female protagonists. This study focuses on the most extreme female into doll transformation in two novels and various short stories by Angela Carter.

Anne Kimliğine Kuramsal Bir Bakış (2000-2020)

Author(s): Özlem Kale / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2022

It has been determined twenty seven stories and novels titled with 'mother' in Turkish literature between 2000 and 2020. These works are thematically classified and those selected by stratified sampling were analysed with psychoanalysis or logotherapy method. Some specific outcomes are achieved with psychoanalysis of the mother characters in these works. In the majority of the works, it is represented as if motherhood and individual existence can not be all together. In small number of the stories, the women are criticized for not participating in social life and being housewives despite being educated. In the works highlighting the harms of gender discrimination, it is underlined that women should be first treated as "person" instead of "spouse and mother". Given the big effect of literature on public opinion, it is obvious that this should be emphasized in more works in order to make the right woman perspective become widespread. The woman has the ability to provide the continuation of the generation by nature. However, motherhood is not a genetic specification of woman but a social structure. The societies are adopted with the rule of the child needing a mother for living. As the economical production values the child, the motherhood is valued in the society and the ideal motherhood is shaped in these conditions. Our work will be eye-opening in terms of emphasizing the importance of this ideal by mass communication and literature too.

ANTHROPOMORPHIC FIGURINES, GYNOCENTRISM AND GIMBUTAS’ RECEPTION INSIDE ARCHAEOLOGY AND BEYOND

Author(s): Julia Mattes / Language(s): English Issue: 47/2021

Gimbutas’ topicalisation of gynocentrism was of great significance in stimulating the study of figurines, influencing the humanities beyond archaeology, as well as a variety of international socio-political movements. The creations have a long tradition of being linked to fertility and suffer a predominantly one-sided treatment in research. In this context, the intellectual history of the interpretation of prehistoric social living conditions is analysed, critically questioned and the extent to which historically evolved role models are present in past and recent research is examined. On the basis of selected examples, the methods of ethnological analogy and stylistic analysis are used to contribute to the interpretation of the decorations of the SE European Neolithic material. Additionally, an application-related interpretation is proposed for the Cucuteni-Tripolye figurines of the Poduri set. The second part addresses the impact history of Gimbutas’ opus. Regardless of the justified methodological criticism, its various imprints on e.g. ethnography, feminist studies, as well as outside academia will be acknowledged. The contributions profoundly inspired a variety of societal currents in the USA, Germany and post-socialist Lithuania.

Anti(Hijab)Bodies: An Auto-Ethnography

Author(s): Rabiatu B. Mohammed / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Using the metaphor of the biological organism fighting foreign invasion with its antibodies, I analyze some of the problems associated with the “scapegoating” of foreigners in sites of surveillance. In this essay, I assess the portability of this metaphor, not only in the sites associated with US security and surveillance like the airport and other ports of immigration, but also in sites of everyday interactions/transactions like the streets, stores, and classroom. My analysis and assessments are based on an auto-ethnographic study of my experiences with the sites of everyday surveillance. From my experiences as a foreigner in the US, I have realized that the fact that I am a Black woman with hijab in the US/Mexico borderlands region has compounded my hypervisibility which in turn results in the hyper-surveillance of my body. In order to cope with the problem of surveillance, I catalog how I perform self-surveillance in order to evade surveillance antibodies.

ANTI-GENDERISM AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH: THE ISTANBUL CONVENTION IN CZECH MEDIA

Author(s): Adela Muchova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

As ratification of the Istanbul Convention commenced in Czech society, the Catholic representatives attacked the document claiming it was promoting “gender ideology”. The explosive statement, in the form of a liturgical homily in September 2018, initiated a novel exchange among conservative and progressive groups within the church. By examining a follow-up debate in mainstream and Christian media, this study explores the media image of the church and establishes that while most hierarchy took a conservative stand and opposed ratification, clergy and church members supported it. It also shows that the opponents diverted the discussion in another direction; instead of addressing violence against women and children, they challenged alleged gender ideology as such. Analysis of gender and equality, fear and power, authority and hierarchy, as well as poor communication styles, reveals problematic issues in the way the church communicates its teaching and structures. The way the church presents its mission, however, is undoubtedly connected with its inner coherence and credibility; theological redefinition and system changes must therefore precede any media strategy.

Aplikovaná (sociální) věda ve 21. století – od korporátních výzkumů k boji za spravedlivější planetu

Author(s): Marie Heřmanová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2021

Diskuse o aplikované sociální vědě v Česku většinou reflektují poměrně omezenou zkušenost místního prostředí s konkrétními příklady aplikace, jako jsou kvantitativní výzkumy pro státní správu, marketingové výzkumy cílových skupin či průzkumy veřejného mínění. Kvalitativní etnografický výzkum zatím v Česku nemá vybudované renomé mimo akademickou sféru a v malé míře se k němu občas uchylují pouze neziskové organizace nebo státní správa, komerční sektor však spíše výjimečně.

Archiwum społeczne wykluczonych jako przedmiot badań lingwistycznych

Author(s): Artur Rejter / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The subject of the work is a social archive of excluded groups of people and various possibilities of its academic research taking into account selected linguistic methods. As the issue of exclusion is not only a communicative but above all a socio-cultural one, both linguistic and sociological approaches to the concept of ‚discourse’ prove useful. Despite the fact that the problem of exclusion as the basic one in the context of identity, pluralism of attitudes, human rights etc. is central for discourses of the excluded, it is situated on a border of many different discourses, e.g. privacy and gender, but also media and official. Because of the specificity of certain communicative behaviors functioning in the area of discourse and its borderline character mentioned above, it is worth referring to the achievements of textology, especially linguistic genology, as well as to the contemporary – pragmatically oriented – stylistics. The complex nature of the discourse of the excluded and its actualization and manifestation makes it necessary to consider not only the corpus of verbal texts but also iconic messages. One should notice that social archive is unquestionably a very important source of analysis and interpretation of discourse of the excluded. The clearly diverse archival units gathered here can provide a comprehensive view of the issue under discussion.

Art contemporain et porosité des genres : des images qui travaillent le réel

Author(s): Elisabeth Magne / Language(s): French Issue: 42/2022

At a time when the world has been invaded by social networks and self exhibiting, it seems appropriate to examine how, historically, portraits - painted of photographed - have borne extremely clear gender issues. For a long time they represented the relay of sterotypes which they contributed to reinforce right up until the 20th century. The extent to which the transformative dimension has been grasped by socially-aware, contemporary artistic practices, thereby fostering other fantasies, both feminine and masculine genders, is what will be examined hereafter. The theoretical framework uses the contributions of Gilbert Durand for the study of the imaginary and the methodology is guided by a symbolic hermeneutics.

Artist Portfolio: Amira Behbehani: Art Knitting between Iran and Kuwait

Author(s): Verica Savić / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2022