Езикови модели за приобщаващо образование

Author(s): Ekaterina Sofronieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The article discusses the necessity to implement effective models for inclusive education in the field of early language teaching. It reviews some good practices in other European countries which apply the Narrative Format model for inclusion of children with delays in their cognitive development, or children from migrant or different socio-economic background into the language activities, undertaken in class. Results from a case study in Bulgaria are presented and discussed.

Самотен в своето време

Author(s): Stefka Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

Addressing the notions of convention and context in social media research

Author(s): Marina Grubišić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The aim of this paper is to discuss two fundamental pragmatic notions, convention and context within the framework of communication on social media. By presenting an overview of theoretical perspectives on the two notions and analyzing concrete examples from Twitter we put forward the importance of the dynamic and constant synergy between convention and context in communication on social media, but also in communication in general. Examples of tweets (Twitter posts) will show that the core principles of traditional communication – conventionalization and contextualization – remain strong and are visible in concrete realizations through new ‘communicative items’ such as hashtags (i.e. #onokad) and handles (i.e. @username). The technology behind the media opens up new avenues of creativity for the participants (users, speakers), yet the creativity remains situated within ‘contexts’ (micro- and macro-level) and perpetuated (or dismissed) through mechanisms of ‘conventionalization’. Pragmatics is shown to be a highly relevant and appropriate scholarly field for comprehensive research into language and communication on social media.

Концепт «работа» в венгерском, польском, русском, украинском и хорватском языках: сопоставительный анализ по данным анкетирования

Author(s): Janusz Bańczerowski ,Galina Ryzhukhina,Borbála Gyertyános,Kristina Katalinić,Nelli László / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2009

In this paper the authors present dictionary definitions of the notion work, then they analyse the results of questionnaire materials. The questionnaire contained 16 questions, three of which concerned age, gender and educational level. The rest of the questions were as follows: 1. What does work mean to you? 2. What reaction does the word work trigger? 3. What attributes of the work do you know? 4. The aim of the work. 5. Why must we work? 6. What are the results of the work? 7. What work would you like to do? 8. What is the attitude of the society to work? 9. Why does the society consider work as a value? 10. What is your opinion about unemployment? 11. What is the ideal work? 12. Name the synonyms of the word work. 13. What songs, proverbs, idiomatic expressions, etc. do you know in connection with work? This paper does not contain the results of the last two questions.

Alexander Herd’s Teaching Legacy in the Context of the Development of Modern Natural Sciences Education

Author(s): Angelina Anatoliivna Korobchenko,M. M. Holovkova,Y.I. Popeleshko / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

A review of the pedagogical achievements of Aleksander Yakovlevich Herd (1841 – 1888) is presented. Aleksander Herd is the most talented pedagogue of the second half of the 19th century and one of the brightest figures in the history of school natural sciences. He worked out the system of teaching natural sciences at school, paying attention to its educational importance, and he connected the methods of teaching with the content of subjects. He was the first who criticized the dogmatic method of A. Luben, a German educator, and he was also the first of Russian educators who tried to introduce the idea of historical development of nature into the curricula and textbooks of Russia in the 19th century. Aleksander Herd advocated the use of the evolutionally biological direction in teaching natural sciences. He worked out the methods of teaching the course of inanimate nature for junior pupils.

Family Beyond Borders

Author(s): Aleksandra S. Aleksandrova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The paper studies the way Lakoff’s STATE IS A PERSON metaphor and Mussolf’s family scenario are exploited in British and Bulgarian media texts. The models that are studied include marriage partners/ divorce, children-parents relations, misbehaving children, good children, poor relatives and stepmothers. The type of family relation used for presenting certain situation can change with a change in the political environment – for instance, a country can be presented as a marriage partner in one text, as a divorcee in another and as a (disobedient) child in a third text.

Crossing Borders On The Balkan Route: Representation Of Migration In Online News

Author(s): Svetlana Nedelcheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

This research studies the headlines representing migrants along the Balkan route in Bulgarian online news during the “migrant crisis” of 2015/2016, as well as the pictorial images that immediately follow the headlines. It compares the verbal and the visual representation of migrants and applies both critical discourse analysis and multimodal analysis. The study uses the term ‘text’ in a wider sense including both the verbal text and the pictorial display of migrants’ social activities. The headlines develop two contradicting images of the migrants which are also reflected in the pictures. One of them is the image of poor and distressed people running away from the war in their home country. Europe for them is the Promised Land and they are presented with sympathy and compassion. The other image of the migrants is that of a natural disaster which cannot be stopped by country borders and threatens the stability on the continent.

BERGEROVÁ, Hana, VAŇKOVÁ, Lenka et al.: Lexikalische Ausdrucksmittel der Emotionalität im Deutschen und im Tschechischen. Ostrava: Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě 2015. 262 s. ISBN 978-80-7464-460-3

Author(s): Jana Rakšányiová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 25-26/2016

Pitanje klasifikatora u znakovnim jezicima

Author(s): Branimir Belaj,Barbara Majdenić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2018

Classifiers in sign languages have the status of linguistic universals and are productive constructions that describe various aspects of referents and their relationship with other elements in a scenario. Classifiers can be divided into four groups: entity classifiers, handling classifiers, size and shape specifiers, and body part classifiers. Each group has a schematic semantic pole which determines the nature of the whole construction. The schematic semantic pole of entity classifiers can be defined as [THING IN RELATION], the schematic semantic pole of handling classifiers as [THING AS ELEMET OF PROCESS], that of size and shape specifiers can be defined as [DIMENSIONS OF THINGS] and of body part classifiers as [PART OF A THING]. The higher degree of iconicity of classifiers derives mainly from the visual nature of sign languages, but the selection of distinctive scenes is always arbitrary. Even though they are productive units, classifiers can become lexical units through lexicalization.

Preface

Author(s): Rumyana Todorova,Irina Nikolova Ivanova,Desislava Cheshmedzhieva-Stoycheva / Language(s): Turkish,English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The Preface provides an overview of the thematic distribution of the whole volume.

Le metafore della nozione di musica nella lingua italiana

Author(s): Aleksandra Ritau-Barber / Language(s): Italian Issue: 30/2018

The following paper aims at describing the metaphorical conceptualization of musica in the cognitive approach. The linguistic corpus consists of texts of music theory and music history manuals and texts of interviews with music artists. The chosen methodology, cognitive semantics, allows to explain how the concept of musica is expressed by means of the metaphor of human being. The musica is recognized as a human organism which has its physicality (materiality of body) and psychology (immateriality of mind).

Linguistics

Author(s): Svetlana Nedelcheva,Aglika Dobreva,Aleksandra S. Aleksandrova,Deyana Peneva,Emilia Toneva,Temenuzhka Seizova-Nankova,Evdokia Marinova,Ilina Doykova,Miroslava Tsvetkova,Petranka Ivanova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

a group of papers analysing various aspects of Linguistics

Limbaj și comunicare în contextul TSA: mituri și evidențe

Author(s): Raluca Nicoleta Trifu,Carolina Bodea-Haţegan,Bogdana Susana Miclea / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 1/2019

Autism spectrum disorder is a very common developmental disorder nowadays. CPLOL celebrated speech and language therapy day on the 6th of March and dedicated this day to Communication in Autism. Based on this, we prepared a workshop within our association (ASTTLR) under this theme where ASD was approached based on the language myths and on the language evidences. The fallowing myths and evidences were discussed based on significant studies in the field: echolalia, language idiosyncrasy, personal pronoun usage, gestures, the gap between receptive and expressive language. Conclusions underlined that language development can be an important indicator in ASD, but it must be carefully approached as not all specific language development features can be by themselves diagnostic criteria.

Теорията на лексикалните функции на И. Мелчук и прилагането є за изучаване на съчетаемостта в съпоставителен план

Author(s): Palmira Legurska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The paper discusses the application of the semantic parameter ‘abstract general sense’. This parameter can have various verbal materialization depending on the head of the phrase. Contrastive exemplifications from Russian and Bulgarian are applied. The methodology is particularly relevant for the active command of languages.

Универсалност и игрови характер на приказното произведение. Рецепция

Author(s): Rosina Kokudeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2019

The aim of this article is to explore the universality and playful character of the fairytale with respect to its diverse perception. Its structure is split into two parts, united by the interest in the specific ways of both children’s and primitive man’s thinking. The first part illustrates the fairytale as an intrinsic part of children literature, and attention is given to the development of the genre and the characteristics of the folklore mind. The cognitive aspect of these types of texts is being discussed as well as its communicative function and its educational effect on children. Regarding the content and semantics of the texts it is being underlined that they positively affect the reader / listener, which is a consequence of the characteristics of the folklore mind and the stereotypes it brings about. The wide use of parody as a method, which tones down the horror elements of the fairytale is being pointed out regarding the psychological interpretation of fairytales. The second part attempts to explain the model of fairytales viewed through the concept of play proving its playful nature. The focus of attention is on Johan Huizinga’s concept of homo ludens, according to which the understanding of play is a key element of every culture. Based on the intrinsic connection between the fairytale and the myths and rituals, the article makes an attempt to search for mechanisms of play in the folkore fairytale model – regarding the repetition, variability, dynamics, improvisation. The function of play is being explored in the very structure of the fairytale - plot, heroes, formulas.

Фольклорный концепт святости: свои или чужие?

Author(s): Andrey Borisovič Moroz / Language(s): Russian Issue: 19/2007

Who are saints in the traditional Russian folklore, do they belong to us or to them? With the assumption that the boundaries between what is familiar and what is foreign are unstable and depend not only on the object but also on the subjective point of view, the author answers the question with an analysis of the material collected in the Arkhangelsk region (now in the archives of the Russian National Humanist University). He assumes that the category of “us” may be understood in two ways: relatively (somebody who belongs to the same group as we do; the relevant pronouns: my, our) and possessively (someone or something that belongs to the subject). The author further investigates how saints and sainthood relate to the “us --- them” opposition. There is no unambiguous answer. Saints are closely connected to categories of afterlife, such as God, mythological and demonic figures, the dead; they exhibit superhumam powers. At the same time, they are treated as humans, belonging to specific communities (cf. russkiy bog ‘Russian God’). Thus, saints occupy a middle position between the world of humans and the world beyond; more exactly, they are representatives of both, which in folk understanding makes relations with them valuable in a peculiar way.

Postać obcego w polskiej obrzędowości dorocznej. Od obcości do wspólnoty

Author(s): Jan Adamowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2008

On the basis of data from various genres, the author analyzes the range and cultural functions of the images of ethnic foreigners in annual rituals. These include: the Jew, Gypsy, Turk, German, Hungarian, Cossack and a generalized figure called “the foreigner”. Some of them, e.g. the Hungarian or the Turk, only appear in some genres and rituals, whereas the Jew appears in a wide spectrum of genres. The article analyzes in greater detail the following exponents of foreignness: the language, clothes, appearance, gestures, singing and music, knowledge and skills, attributes and religion.The author also stresses that the figures of the foreigners, in contrast to commonplace stereotypes, are also manifestations of intentional and symbolic admissions of the people to the community. The process is multidimensional and is realized through Polonization (mainly in attire), functional equivalence to other figures, a change of semantic valuation (from negative to positive) or a socially grounded treatment of the foreigners as both addressees and participants of rituals.

Народная агиография: к постановке вопроса

Author(s): Andrey Borisovič Moroz / Language(s): Russian Issue: 21/2009

There exist many texts of folklore containing not only information about the lives of saints but also about other aspects of their sainthood, such as posthumous miracles, events connected with the discovery of their remains, histories of the churches and chapels connected with the saints, etc. The totality of texts of different genres concerning a saint may be considered as that saint’s folk life. The texts are characterized by a profound respect of the saint; they contain multi-aspectual information about his or her life or explain the rituals connected with the saint. Some folk text, especially legends, are based on religious texts (canonical or apocryphal texts, prayers) translated into the language of folklore. Literary hagiographical texts may be passed orally from one generation to the next and as a result become folk legends; they may also be based on folk orally-transmitted legends. Some of these transformations are presented in the article, e.g. the reduction of written texts to short episodes, a selection of literary hagiographic motifs, a description, containing folk terms, of events from the saint’s life, etc.

Preface

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The seventh issue of SILC “Viewpoints and perspectives in Linguistics & Translation” is comprised of five papers, which reflect on a variety of issues in the fields of linguistics and translation.

LITERACY IN THE 21ST CENTURY FROM THE PERCEPTION OF PUPILS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Author(s): Ivana Đorđev / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Paper is dedicated to the testing of the concept of literacy, based on the questionnaire, carried out in the school year of 2018/2019 among the students of two secondary vocational schools in Vrsac, Belgrade and Grammar School in Vrsac (200 respondents). The primary hypothesis of the research was that detection and detailed study of high school students conceptosphere on literacy identify the fields to improve the teaching of Serbian as a mother tongue in secondary schools and the aim of work that, based on the collected and then processed data in analytical, cognitive and descriptive method, is to (a) isolate the dominant concepts of (non)literacy, (b) look at the tendencies of spreading and shaping the notion of literacy induced by the needs of modern life, and also that, in order to improve linguistic culture in all domains and all educational levels – (c) point to the possibility of improving the teaching of the Serbian language as a mother tongue. According to results of the survey secondary school students experience literacy in the 21st century as a complex concept; from the one who is literate expecting linguistic knowledge, what are the basic, traditionally accepted parameters, and recognize illiteracy as the lack of ability to apply knowledge in the field of language. They also demonstrated that it is necessary to improve the efficiency of teaching approaches designed to improve functional literacy in a variety of communicative situations; increase the number of hours and exercises in the field of spelling, or nurture and acquire more comprehensive and knowledge in use and skills of different forms of literacy needed for managing in 21st century; more attention should be paid to including relevant language handbooks in teaching; more explicit, on frequent and more familiar examples to students, point to the advantages of knowing and respecting the linguistic norm, paving the way for a better linguistic culture and enrichment of the mother tongue.