Koszty i efekty pomocy publicznej podczas pandemii COVID-19. Programy UE oraz polskie tarcze antykryzysowe

Author(s): Grażyna Ancyparowicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to prove the thesis that the intervention activities of the Polish government and the central bank during the COVID-19 pandemic were necessary to overcome the economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. Methodology: The main research method is the monograph and the research techniques include analysis of legal documents and statistical data on public finance. Findings: The interventionism of the EU, combined with the actions of state institutions and NBP, had a positive impact on GDP dynamics and the labour market. Its negative effect was an increase in public debt and the money supply in the banking system. The imbalance between effective demand and effective supply was an important, yet not sole, cause of the persistent inflation of 2021–2023.

Przemiany pracy w sektorze finansowym pod wpływem pandemii ­COVID-19

Author(s): Katarzyna Śledziewska,Renata Włoch / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: This chapter examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial sector in Poland, focusing on the perspective of employees faced with accelerating automation. Methodology: Quantitative data used as empirical basis for the analysis was gathered from an online survey of 172 Polish financial sector workers in late 2020 within the “Future of Work in the Financial Sector” project. Its interpretation was enriched with insights from 37 interviews with sector managers. Findings: The pandemic hastened the transition of banks and financial institutions to remote work, highlighting the need for soft skills and self-driven digital skill enhancement due to automation trends. This chapter discusses the long-term implications of automation, spotlighting the potential of generative AI and the importance of updating employee preparation strategies via public policy and training.

W poszukiwaniu bezpieczeństwa finansowego w czasach kryzysu

Author(s): Małgorzata Zaleska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The aim of this chapter is to identify the selected problems related to financial markets, which still remain unsolved and can lead to another financial crisis. Methodology: The following methods are used in this chapter: statistical and descriptive analysis, critical analysis of the literature and available sources, comparative studies as well as case studies. Findings: The main challenges identified by the author include: an increase in debt both globally and in individual countries, further expansion of systemically important financial institutions, excessive and complicated banking regulations, as well as the spread of moral hazard.

Impact of Brexit on the Supply Chains in the United Kingdom

Author(s): Gergana Kaloyanova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The term “Supply Chain” can be described as the whole network of businesses and individuals which are collaborating in order to produce and distribute a final good or service. The whole system is affected if one part of it is malfunctioning. The study aims to analyze the impact of Brexit on supply chains in the United Kingdom based on a literature review and personal reflection on the topic. The research indicates that Brexit has been the most significant impact on the supply chains in the United Kingdom, foremost due to delays and red tape following the 2021 Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA). Many businesses had to find new suppliers to reestablish supply. Strategies used to decrease the adverse effects include supplier diversification and nearshoring (transferring business operations closer to home). Unfortunately, a lot of companies continue to search for ways to enhance the efficiency and resilience of their supply chains.

Evaluation and Comparison of the SDG Indicators for Albania and Bulgaria

Author(s): Najada Friza,Anisa Bakiu,Dante Mazzitelli / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted in 2015 by all United Nations Member States to address the need for sustainable development that would address the economic, political and environmental challenges facing our society. This Agenda produced a set of 17 universal goals measured by 169 specific goals. In our work, we aim to highlight the level of these indicators for Albania and Bulgaria, evaluating the differences between the countries and comparing them with the EU-27 (Europe) sustainability indicators, which plays the leading role in the implementation of the SDGs. Although the 2 countries are geographically close and with similar historical paths, our study suggests significant differences due to the influence of various economic and social factors.

Impact of Sustainable Production on the Development of International Business

Author(s): Alaa Ahmed / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research aims to identify the impact of sustainable production on the development of international business. The research focuses on the global shift towards sustainability and its impact on business in various directions. Analyze the importance of sustainable production in achieving successful and sustainable international business development by building a structural model using the structural modeling method and testing the validity and quality of the models. The impact of sustainable production includes environmental, economic, and social factors, and the development of international business is adopted by attracting customers and investors, product quality and building the reputation of the brand, The research reached a set of conclusions and recommendations and the research hopes that the results and recommendations will contribute to enhancing awareness of the importance of sustainability and encouraging more companies to adopt sustainable production practices in the context of international business.

Sustainable Development of the European Food System

Author(s): Violeta Blazheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This report focuses on food and food security in the context of sustainable development. The trend of food waste is constantly increasing. The focus is on prevention activities, protection measures, food safety and other factors. It is necessary to provide sustenance for the increasing number of inhabitants of the planet. In the conditions of membership in the European Union, the achievement of the set goals in the period after 2020 is of essential importance for the applied policy in the agricultural sector of Bulgaria, and more specifically: ensuring food security for the population, manifested in viable food production; maintaining and creating employment; achieving balanced territorial development; introduction of innovative agricultural technologies; protection of the environment and organization of environmentally friendly animal breeding activity; reducing the impact of climate change and adapting to it and others.

Aquatic Food Consumption in Southeastern Europe: Trade and Sustainability Dimensions

Author(s): Aleksandar Shivarov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Consumption of aquatic food has increased worldwide in recent decades. Although most countries in Southeastern Europe have a much lower per capita demand for fish and fishery products compared with global and European levels, they are following the general trends. Domestic production is insufficient to meet existing demand, and the region is integrated into the global seafood market. The paper outlines the links between human consumption of aquatic organisms in the region and the global seafood trade. The supply of internationally sourced products has environmental impacts beyond the countries studied, raising questions about the sustainability of the sector and its environmental footprint. The study also examines the gap between domestic supply and demand for seafood and its impact on the region’s trade and environmental position.

Dimensions of Bulgaria‘s Economic Growth and Competitiveness in the Years of the EU Membership

Author(s): Vera Pirimova,Elka Pirimova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research is focused on one of the main emphasis and some factors of long-term competitiveness highlighted in the European Commission document of March 2023 „EU competitiveness beyond 2030: looking ahead at the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the single market“. The main goal is to analyze the economic growth and the factors of competitiveness outlined by the EC in the field of: scientific research and innovation; foreign trade and openness of the Bulgarian economy. The task of the study is to identify the progress or backwardness achieved by Bulgaria in the years after our country‘s accession to the EU (2007-2022), based on the parameters and the dynamics of the relevant indicators. Traditional methods of analysis and synthesis, empirical descriptive and index analysis are applied in the research.

An Empirical Study of Perceptions of Investment Plans as Pension Alternatives - Evidence from Bulgaria

Author(s): Miroslav Kamdzhalov,Hristosko Bogdanov,Petya Angelova,Georgi Marinov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Pension systems all over the world, and particularly in Europe, are under tremendous pressure. The global demographic shift toward longer life expectancy and lower fertility is the primary source of tensions on pension systems, with the traditional pay-as-you-go type becoming more questionable in its efficiency. In this study, we explore the perceptions toward this issue in Bulgaria, as well as what are the possible outcomes as results of different actions. Our survey was conducted with an online form, among respondents from Northeastern Bulgaria. We explore primarily the opinions of young people, since we expect them to be the most active and the most strongly concerned in the process. Our findings show the Bulgarian public is still relatively reluctant to newer types of investments.

Dynamics of the Relationship between Online Purchases and Consumer Income in the European Union

Author(s): Simeonka Petrova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the digital economy, online purchases are on the rise, seen as an indicator of economic well-being at national and regional levels. The geographic focus of the study is on online purchases and income of individuals from the 27-member states of the European Union. The main goal of the development is to investigate the dynamics of the relationship between online purchases of European consumers and disposable income, and on this basis to arrive at the derivation of corresponding dependencies. The following research tasks are set: interpretation of conceptual interpretations of the determinacy of online purchases by the amount of disposable income; adoption of a methodological framework for analyzing and evaluating the dependence between the variables „consumer spending, including for online purchases - disposable income“; formulating more important generalizations from the research conducted. The measurement of the studied relationship between the variables is carried out using the statistical software for computer processing - IBM SPSS Statistics and the Excel program. The analysis is based on the method of linear regression and correlation. The data refer to the time interval 2013-2021. The results of the study take into account the variation of consumer spending on online purchases while observing the fluctuations in the income of the respondents. The formulated conclusions are useful for characterizing the determinants of the changing behavior of European consumers.

User Journey Planning for Sales in the European Union by Local Companies

Author(s): Georgi Malchev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The user journey is a pivotal concept in marketing that evolves and adapts amidst technological, economic, and behavioral shifts. This paper aims to present practical models for user journey planning, exploring their influence and subsequent utilization by companies exporting their products. Specifically, it delves into Bulgarian companies and their strategies to plan and implement exports to EU member states. Interviews have been conducted with marketing managers exporting from Bulgaria to the EU. The framework identified in the analysis is employed, detailing the various approaches companies opt for. The paper concludes by outlining areas for further analysis regarding companies’ decisions related to elements of the user journey in international sales.

Иновационната политика на българските пристанищни оператори: фактор за повишаване на конкурентоспособността им

Author(s): Petya Koralova Nozharova,Shteryo Nozharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The digital and green transformation, which is developing on global level at different speeds in the first half of 21st century, puts pressure on the Bulgarian port operators to change their innovation policies. This process is also influencing the competitiveness of ports in the context of the Bulgarian economy, which is still catching up with the average EU levels of GDP per capita, which are not members of the Eurozone. The purpose of the present study is to discuss the issue if the digital and green transformation, which is developing both on European and global level, is an accelerator or a limiter of the competitiveness of ports in countries with transition economies.

Значението на Шенгенското споразумение за логистиката и веригата на доставки

Author(s): Veronika Pechenyakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Възможности и предизвикателства пред артиста-изпълнител в дигиталната среда

Author(s): Dimiter Gantchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The digital environment provides new opportunities for artists and performers to create, produce and distribute musical products. At the same time, serious challenges arise for the protection of rights in musical works. The technological revolution has brought streaming to the forefront as a leading form of distribution and subscription as an essential part of the business model for rights management and income generation. At the same time, the digital environment reduces the possibilities for control over the use of works, increases oversupply and widens the gap between supply and demand. Generative artificial intelligence will increase both the opportunities and challenges for monetizing musical creativity. This paper examines the changes in the processes of creation and distribution of music products and their effect on artists and performers

Изкуственият интелект и интелектуалната собственост: актуални проблеми и предизвикателства пред издателския бизнес

Author(s): Polina Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The increasingly active use of innovations based on artificial intelligence to create author's works and creative products is changing the publishing business environment and poses fundamental questions for the intellectual property system related to fundamental concepts such as "author", "creation", "work", whose answers will determine the direction of the development of the creative industries. The object of the research is artificial intelligence, and the subject - how the publishing business is affected by the implementation of artificial intelligence in the publishing activity, and the aim is to indicate the main problems and challenges facing the publishing industry today.

Дигитална трансформация в издателския бизнес

Author(s): Boyko Takov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The publishing business in Bulgaria is of great importance for the cultural and educational development of the country, but it is also a significant sector of the national economy with considerable social impact. In recent years, it has faced serious challenges and is undergoing a period of transformation driven by the rapid introduction of new technologies and accelerated digital transformation. The digital transformation in the publishing business in Bulgaria is gradually progressing, but the pace of development varies among different publishers. Assessing the extent of its development for the sector as a whole is complicated due to the lack of sufficient statistical data. At the same time, this assessment is necessary not only to compare the development of this business in our country with that in other countries but, most importantly, to identify its weaknesses and the challenges it faces. It is also useful for outlining government policies regarding the publishing sector. In this regard, the aim of this publication is to assess the level of digital transformation achieved in the publishing business in Bulgaria and to draw conclusions about its achievements and weaknesses. These conclusions will be useful for determining the directions for accelerating this process.

Интелектуалната собственост в периодичния печат

Author(s): Antoaneta Titianova-Milcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The subject of the publication is intellectual property in periodical printing as a segment of the publishing business. Book publishing is often presented as the entire publishing activity. The sector of periodicals is omitted, which forms a huge share of the publishing output and the most circulated one, covering the largest number of authors. The focus of the research is copyright protection in the publishing of newspapers and magazines in Bulgaria and the EU. Media diversity and freedom of speech are core values in the Charter of Rights of the European Union. Publishers of periodicals in the EU are facing new realities - copyrights are violated by Internet giants, platforms, news aggregators, etc., which also applies to the Bulgarian media. The long-term operation and prosperity of the diverse and economically successful magazine and newspaper publishing industry depends on ensuring effective protection of intellectual property. It is important to respect the publisher's right to create an enabling environment for newspapers and magazines, their websites and apps, especially for journalists, photographers, designers, etc., to continue working with high professional standards to provide news, audience analytics and copyright information.

Пресечни точки между издателския и фотографския бизнес и управление на права на интелектуална собственост

Author(s): Lilia Yotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Publishing and the photography business are two creative industries that have crosspoints in their work together and in the management of intellectual property rights of their products. What are these intersections, what problems have the publishers and the photographers, and how can they be solved? What are the latest law changes and which of them affect the two creative industries? What would improve the business environment and copyright protection?

Изискването за независимост на координаторите на цифрови услуги в контекста на регламент (ЕС) 2022/2065 (акт за цифровите услуги)

Author(s): Denitza Toptchiyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the context of its comprehensive Information Society policy, in 2022, the European Union (EU) adopted Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 on the Single Market for Digital Services (Digital Services Act). The primary goal of the regulation is to provide a modern, integrated European approach to addressing illegal content, disinformation, or other risks to society in the online space. This publication aims to examine the requirements regarding the independence of national coordinators for digital services in the context of their powers outlined in the Digital Services Act and to make proposals regarding upcoming changes in national legislation.