The Good of the Child — the Good of the Family, the Church and Society

Author(s): Helena Hrehovà / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

The article entitled “The Good of the Child — the Good of the Family, the Church and Society” deals with the fact that reminds people for many centuries that the child is a good in three aspects: for the family, the Church and society. The family is the first and irreplaceable form of human community. In the family, every person learns to love and to form him- or herself through moral-ethical education in harmonic relationship with other people. These are rational reasons why we should protect the traditional family against marginalization and interventions from government and state administration. Parents have a right to educate their own children and children have a right to have both parents — mother and father. In the Churche very child is a gift from God and living limb of Christ’s mystical body, therefore the Church has a duty to protect human life from conception to natural death. The child needs society and society needs children in order to function and have a future. Thus, the article stresses three convictions: human dignity is inviolable and sacred; with every person comes God’s blessing into the world; any attempt to separate man from God is the most tragic mistake of modern people.

Błąd antropologiczny jako podstawa totalitaryzmu

Author(s): Paweł Bortkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2015

The author of the article notices that discussions on the essence of totalitarianism revolve mostly around: the sphere of distorted political relations, replacing the authority with the dictate of the authorities, monopoly of one party in all spheres of life controlled by such a party. Alternatively, they focus on economic relations, which makes them particularly expressive, yet easily falsifiable. Referring to the reflections of John Paul II, the author notes that the Pope’s diagnosis of the current state of affairs concerning the Copernican revolution in philosophy is immensely interesting and extremely inspiring. It was a revolution in the cognitive sphere but, consequently, it led to the ‘exile’ of God from the real world and rendered Him be perceived as being existing in some other world. The aforementioned exile of God was meant to end with the death of God but this process led, in fact, to the destruction of man. The author states that without reference to the anthropological error it is impossible to understand the essence of moral evil of totalitarianism.

Протестанты в царской России и их правовой статус

Author(s): Marzanna Kuczyńska / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2016

The paper briefly presents the history of Protestantism in Russia (16th–19th century) and the legalstatus of Protestant communities. An emphasis is placed on participation of the state and the individual tsars in increasing their number, as well as on the legal acts issued for them over the centuries. The article draws attention to the dependence of the right to freedom of religion, whichthey had in Russia, on their economic usefulness. It highlights the authorities’ interference in thefunctioning of Protestant Church as well as state protection of the prevailing faith – the OrthodoxChristianity – despite numerous religious and economic privileges granted to the Protestants.

Rękopisy liturgiczne źródłem do badań historycznych

Author(s): Franciszek Wolnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 47/2016

From the Middle Ages some manuscripts are preserved from different ecclesiastical centres both in Poland and in Silesia. After the secularizations of the ecclesiastical goods in 19th century they were stored in different archives and libraries. Many of the Silesian manuscripts have been already described but others and are still waiting for further analysis. In the medieval liturgy they were in use many books: Graduals, Lectionaries, Gospel Books, the collections of homilies, Sacramentaries, Pontificals, Rituals, Martyrologies, Passionals, etc., and at the and of this period also the Missals and Breviaries. The most precious are the codes included among the sets of Liber Ordinarius.

DİN-MODERNİTE İLİŞKİSİ: UYUM VEYA ZITLIK(ÇEVİRİ)

Author(s): Muharrem Yildiz,Âdem Efe,Mehmet Mekin Meçİn / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 20/2013

Modernity is the intellectual, philosophical, scientific, political, social and artistic revolution process emerged in the West after the Renaissance. This phenomenon has its own characteristics. The basic question is: What is the relationship in between the religion and this phenomenon belonging to Western World? Does Islam struggle with modernity or are they in harmony? Can challenges between religion and modernity be eliminated? The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and properties of modernity and to shed light on its relationship with religion. A variety of theoriesabout the relationship between religion and modernity will be included in this article. This article not only reveals that there is no conflict between religion and modernity in essence, but it also argues that religion is in a serious dynamism and breakthrough at the same time in many metropolis in the modern world even today.

Disruptive behavior- methods of intervention of the teacher

Author(s): Ana-Georgiana Mazarache,Natalia Pociumban / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Disruptive behavior of the pupils became from different reasons and social circumstances. Animportant role, a huge one I would say, it has the teacher, who put the intellectual base at thepupils. The teacher intervention to maintain the order in the classroom putting on the end to thedisruptive behavior or on the contrary gets to the worse. So, teacher intervention has some basicsteps which must get follow, but their not a basic rule, it is more a reference point from wherethe teacher could guide in a difficult situation. The classroom management, concerns theessential appearance of the teacher works, the effective management, under the civic-democracyvalue, sign, inherent conflicts from classroom, assuming that school anticipate and preparegraduate for involvement and for resolve the conflict from a democratic society.

Пиринка Пенкова Люейер на 75 години

Author(s): Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 34/2017

Облеклото на средновековните български монаси

Author(s): Silviya Arizanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5-6/2015

The article presents examples of monks’ clothing used in the Middle Ages in Bulgaria. It reviews its features and draws conclusions and summaries related to its individual elements and colours being used. The rules that were set in monks’ clothing did not limit their individual world on the account of community. Their attire, even if homotypic, differed in certain details. Its general appearance depended on various factors such as the common rules, local culture, monastery prosperity, climate conditions etc.

VERSENGÉS EGY ISKOLÁÉRT – AVAGY HOGYAN LETT KOMÁROMÉ A REFORMÁTUS TANÍTÓKÉPZŐ-INTÉZET A KÉT VILÁGHÁBORÚ KÖZÖTT

Author(s): Attila Lévai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

This study examines the multiple problem of teacher education in the Reformed Church after the first world war. There were several teacher training colleges in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, where Reformed teachers studied, too. Of course the Reformed Church had its own teacher training colleges as well. On that score the supply of Reformed teachers in the Church was guaranteed. However, at the end of 1910, the General Convent of Hungarian Reformed Church reported the lack of teachers, especially on the northern part of the country. In the 1920´s Pálóczi Czinke István wrote a Memorandum to the prime minister. In that Memorandum he depicted all the thwarting in the Reformed Church, which were caused by Treaty of Trianon. Additionally, he submitted all the rightful demands of the Reformed Church in Czechoslovak Republic. One of these demands was the need of a Reformed teacher training college. Pálóczi Czinke István further subjected to the prime minister the necessity of the grant-in-aid from the government for Church institutions. The very first supporter of the teacher training college was Károly Patay, the chairman of the educational commission of the Convent. In 1922, on the seating of General Convent in Pozsony, the Convent decided that the teacher training college should be established in Komárom. At that time nobody would ever presumed that the Congregation of Komárom had to emulate for the college with the Congregation of Érsekújvár, then with the Congregation of Rimaszombat, and finally, in 1938 with the Congregation of Léva. Finally, Komárom got the right of establishment of the Reformed teacher training college.

İbn Sînâ Metafiziğinde Nefs-Beden Düalizmi Üzerine Bir Zihin Felsefesi Değerlendirmesi

Author(s): Mehtap Doğan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 49/2018

Soul has been a huge problem in history of philosophy within the context of its description, existence, immortality and its relationship with body since the ancient times. Avicenna’s theory on soul could be evaluated as a bridge between his epistemological and ontological ideas. Although his theory has similar characteristics with Plato’s and Aristoteles’ philosophical arguments on soul, Avicenna offers a significant schema on soul that really exceeds both Plato and Aristoteles. Avicenna proposed a systematical analysis of mind-body problem decades before Descartes, who has been known as the constructer of mind-body problem. Therefore, it should be taken into an account that Avicenna although lived in Middle-ages, made a significant contribution to both psychology and philosophy of mind indirectly. The aim of this essay is firstly to evaluate Avicenna’s soul theory concerning the description of soul, the nature of soul, types of soul and the functions of soul and then to search for its effects on modern philosophy of mind. Especially it is easy to realize that there is an explicit similarity between Descartes and Avicenna’s ideas on soul. On the issue of mind-body problem, Descartes claims that mind could exist without the existence of body. Mind is a separate and distinct substance; however, there is a mutual relationship between mind and body through pineal gland. Similar with Descartes, Avicenna also claims that soul can exist without body because it is a distinct substance. He constructs a ground for this idea by using his popular thought experiment “flyman”. In this essay, it is tried to be indicated that Avicenna’s theory of soul has important reflections both on Descartes and modern philosophy of mind

Pastoral Care of Youth in the Czech Republic — Legal Aspects

Author(s): Stanislav Přibyl / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2017

The communist regime in Czechoslovakia belonged among the most repressive in the former Soviet sphere. It made efforts of ideological indoctrination of youth and used various means in order to isolate young people from the religious life. Solely after the changes in 1989 it is possible to organize structures of many-sided care of youth within the Churches. In the framework of the Catholic Church there belongs a great deal of merits to the Salesian Congregation which operated with youth in the secret structures already in the times of totalitarianism when the male Church orders were abolished. The Czech Bishop Conference established its Section for Youth, also the Church movements as Focolare or Charismatic Renewal take part on the care of young Christians. The care of youth exploits the possibilities offered by the canon law. A special attention is turned to the problem of quality of the Church music for youth. Also the Catholic Traditionalists, Greek Catholics, Orthodox Church and the other Christian Churches employ the religious freedom and establish various organizations for young believers according to the civil law and their inner church prescriptions.

Book reviews

Author(s): Ana Filip,Iuliu-Marius Morariu,Grigore-Toma Someşan ,Raluca Uilean-Isciuc,Isabella Harţuche,Silviu-Constantin Nedelcu / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 12/2018

Those are the book reviews of the 12th issue of "Astra Salvensis" journal.

The Ancient Myths in the Sculpture from Augusta Traiana

Author(s): Marina Koleva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

This paper refers to the sculptural monuments with depictions of myths from one of the cities in the province of Thrace - Augusta Traiana. In the city and its territory have been discovered the representations connected with Apollo myths – the Metamorphosis of Daphne and the Punishment of Marsyas; also some with the Heracles Labours and one of Orpheus among the animals. The paper discusses the function of these sculptural monuments, as well as their iconography and style features. The monuments from Augusta Traiana reveal a very good example of the existence of mythological subjects and representations in a Roman city and its territory. These depictions find their natural place in the city itself. It is inhabited by people of different origin, but they all live in a cultural milieu, in which the Greek mythology is well known. These mythological representations are spread in the territory of Augusta Traiana under the influence of the Greek oriented city culture. They are met and used in different contexts by the various representatives of the provincial society.

Third International Conference on Christian Hebraism in Eastern and Central Europe

Author(s): Anna Kryza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The Getic Messengers to Zalmoxis, the Faith in Immortality and the Death of the Widows

Author(s): Dobriela Kotova / Language(s): English Issue: 23-24/2017

The paper turns again to the well-known and extensively commented narrative by Herodotus about the faith of the Getae in their immortality, about the anthropodaimon Zalmoxis and about the periodic dispatching of a messenger to him. Attention is focused on the link between that evidence and the information in Herodotus about the killing of the beloved widow over the grave of the deceased husband among the Thracians who dwelled above the Crestonaeans, as well as with the statement by Stephanus Byzantius about a similar practice among the Getae. The evidence is analysed in the light of the universal historical phenomenon of following into death when someone is killed so as to follow someone else in the World Beyond. The analysis gives grounds to believe that traces of the ritual known as following into death in its institutional form are concealed behind the intricate story about the god/ man Zalmoxis, his cult among the Getae and their beliefs. Among the Getae it was of a markedly religious character, based on the strong faith in the supernatural/ divine existence of the dead in the World Beyond, in their influence on and direct interference in the course of life in this world and a clearly manifested cult of the ancestors.

MÁRTÍROK, ÁLDOZATOK, TÚLÉLŐK. VIZSGÁLÓDÁS A SZENVEDÉS ÉS IDENTITÁSFORMÁLÓDÁS KÉRDÉSÉBEN

Author(s): János Simon / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

Modernity was dominated by the image of winner, while postmodernism can be associated with victimary thinking. Being a winner, among other things, meant that the person had the strength and the ability to put the other at his service. History was primarily the story of winners, or a story from the winner’s point of view. The defeated had to suffer not only the punishment imposed on him by the winner, but they could not count on the recognition and sympathy of the broader society. The postmodern observed the neglected victims for the first time by questioning the earlier dominant metanarratives. As the claims of authority were abandoned, the voice of the victims became louder. This led to an interchange between the role of winner and victim. Slavoj Žižek observes that „the ideology of victimization penetrates intellectual and political life even to the extent that in order for your work to have any ethical authority you must be able to present and legitimate yourself as in some sense victimized […] and the fundamental right becomes the right […] to tell your story; to formulate the specific narrative of your suffering.” This switch in the dominant image of our society has to be analysed. In the article below, we do it by presenting what Christian tradition teaches about suffering, based on the definitions and examination of David B. Barrett, Todd M. Johnson, and Elizabeth Castelli. The answer to the above-mentioned question is solely limited to the examination of martyrdom as a special form of suffering. Driving from the Christian tradition on martyrdom, we can recognize some dangers in our societal discourse and dominant ethical values. We shortly present some aspects of what it means to be closed into the victimary discourse and identity, and some possibilities of liberation presented by the theologies of Jürgen Moltmann and Miroslav Volf.

Заменице у теолошким научним радовима на енглеском и српском језику

Author(s): Ivana Knežević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 16/2017

Scientific papers in the field of theology have some common features but also distinctive ones with the works of other sciences. The specificity of the methodology and theological nature of knowledge leaves its traces in the sphere of morphology, and is reflected in the specific use of pronouns. In this paper we have analysed the use of pronouns in the selected corpus of scientific theological works of all the three substyles in Serbian and English languages.

FOLKLORE PROJECTIONS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT FEAST

Author(s): Albena Georgieva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

In the ecclesiastical Christian calendar, Holy Trinity or Holy Ghost is a moveable feast and is celebrated on the Monday after Pentecost, in May or June. In the folk calendar, this holiday marks the beginning of the so-called Whitsuntide or Midsummer Week (in Bulgarian Rusalska nedelya). It is believed to be the period of wood nymphs’ special activity – during the week those supernatural creatures, who personify vegetation and greenery in the fields and the woods, provide the fertility of crops and vineyards. The analysis focuses on those notions and the respective practices, outlining that to a great degree Whitsuntide corresponds to the Dirty or Pagan days in the winter – the period between Christmas and Epiphany. As this is one of the most important periods in the agricultural calendar, it is bound with people’s efforts to ensure fertility and water balance in their inhabited territory by offering sacrifices and propitiating the supernatural powers who are owners and hosts of vegetation and water resources.

„A lélek: ház, s az utak a lélekerők.”

Author(s): Ferenc Bányai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2015

This study focuses on metaphors in the mysticism of Meister Eckhart (1260-1328). The role of the building – related metaphors was proved on his Latin works, vernacular treatises and sermons using the method of the conceptual theory of metaphor. In the research the connections in relation to these metaphors were established and from elements of the target domain the system was constructed and thus the hidden structure of Eckhart’s thought analyzed. Findings of this study demonstrate metaphors’ work in the understanding and in the translation, furthermore enable modern readers to enter into a discussion with mysticism through the Eckhartian language.

Архив за средновековна философия и култура (съдържание на свитъци I–XXV)

Author(s): Georgi Kapriev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,French,Macedonian,German Issue: 25/2019