Oto, co czyni pismo. Księgi Świątyni Pamięci w Puławach i ich sprawcza moc

Author(s): Hanna Jurkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

Jurkowska discusses the nineteenth-century guest books signed by visitors to the Temple of the Sibyl in Puławy, Poland’s first museum. As an anthropologist of literacy practices, she re-contextualizes the entries and focuses the materiality and functionality of the volumes that contain the autographs. She also explores the visual strategies and performativity in the Puławy books, as well as the visitors’ writing tactics, which revolve around national memory and identity.

„Dosyć nie umiem pisać” Dzienniczek Faustyny Kowalskiej jako wydarzenie piśmienne i tekstowe

Author(s): Piotr Kubkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The Little Diary of Faustyna Kowalska, a mystic and saint of the Catholic Church, is a frequently translated Polish book, and yet until now its study and scholarly editing has only been undertaken specialists from the Vatican. Kubkowski presents the Little Diary not only as a ‘text,’ but as a testimony of several layers of creative performance, editorial and publishing efforts. Subjected to more or less systematic reworking, copy editing, and supplied with a critical apparatus consisting of introductions, postscripts, chronologies and footnotes, the manuscript becomes a book, emancipating itself, so to say, from the shape given to it by the author. What is more, the very act of creating the entries, rooted as it is in mystical experience, evolves from a ‘struggle’ with the medium towards refined writing forms, constituting what Kubkowski reads as a chain of handwritten ‘events’.

ХХІІ интердисциплинарен колегиум по старобългарска литература и култура

Author(s): Lilly Stammler,Gergana Athanassova Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 29/2014

Научни Форуми

Author(s): Nikola Kazanski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 27/2013

Data about scientific events in the field of the humanities in Bulgaria in 2013

XVIII-WIECZNE OBRAZY MISJI KATOLICKICH W AMERYCE PÓŁNOCNEJ – MIĘDZY TRADYCYJNĄ POBOŻNOŚCIĄ A OŚWIECENIOWĄ KRYTYKĄ

Author(s): Paweł Zając / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2014

Catholic missions in the 18th century went through a period of crisis. The article focuses on missionary activity in French and British colonial North America and examines the modalities of its growth and decline. Political upheavals, especially the British conquest of French colonies and the American Revolution have had various consequences for the Catholic missions. In the rst case, the fall of New France, combined with the dissolution of the Jesuit order, resulted in the temporary discontinuation of missionary activity. On the other had the creation of the United States of America allowed the Catholics to develop their institutions and the diocesan structures. Selected contemporary descriptions of the missionary work and of the society in North America are examined in the second part of the article. They include a portion of Jesuit’s Lettres édi antes et curieuses and Raynal’s Histoire des deux Indes. The images of popular piety, which was promoted among the Indians, are confronted with some aspects of the secular re ection on new American society, typical of the age of Enlightenment. Such combination leads to a better assessment of the notion of the 18th-century crisis of missionary activity in North America.

Kultura popularna po arabsku

Author(s): Kinga Jaruga / Language(s): Polish Issue: XIII/2015

Submissiveness toward the growing commercialization of life doesn’t seem to be in keeping with the orthodox world of Islam. However, social life experiences indicate that even radically anti-consumerist cultures, having undergone the processes of globalization, tend to adapt western cultural patterns. The assumption concerning the diffusion of global trends seems to be confirmed by the whole spectrum of different forms of culture based on Western models or initiated as a natural counterbalance to them. The growing role of Arab media and digital technologies as well as Muslim counterparts to western products seem to indicate a new beginning, which is a form of compromise between the strict requirements of the religion and the need to function in the modern reality. The main aim of this paper was to show the signs and products of the consumer culture which spread in the area of media, entertainment and the religion of the Middle East.

Л. Илиева. Българският език в предисторията на компаративната лингвистика и в езиковия свят на ранния европейски модернизъм

Author(s): Ivan G. Iliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 27/2013

Чествания по случай 200 години от рождението на И. И. Срезневски в Русия

Author(s): Tatyana Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 28/2014

Поклонничеството в секуларизираното общество – възраждане и особености

Author(s): Mare Kõiva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article examines the revival of the pilgrimage tradition in modern Estonia. It discussed the examples of Catholic, Orthodox, Lutheran and global pilgrimage traditions as well as the so called new religious movements. The article attempts to examine not only the routes and the participants in the pilgrimage, but also its place, importance and peculiarities in the secularized Estonian society. It also tracks the historical roots and current trends in the development of modern religiosity.

От небесен пътеводител до комерсиален вестител: за стереотипите на ангелския образ в потребителските реклами

Author(s): Reet Hiiemäe / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article represents the empirical study of the use of images of angels and their functions in consumer advertising. The aim of the study is to examine changes in the angelic image in the course of time and to question if it is possible on their basis to draw conclusions about religious beliefs and modern value understandings of the people in Estonia as well as in other countries following Western economic models. The study is based on approximately 50 ads (photographs and videos) from Estonia, Germany, France, United States, South Africa and the Philippines disseminated over the last decade. It should be noted that in many cases these are advertisements translated into many languages and it is quite difficult to identify which is their country of origin. Even more, this is definitely not the aim of the article as far as the attention is focused predominantly on the general picture which shows relative homogeneity.

Akathistos and Pokrov: A Case Study of Iconographic Contamination

Author(s): Nazar Kozak / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2014

The Virgin’s protection as the main concept of Strophe 19 of the Akathistos Hymn demanded an appropriate visualization. Thus in some of the Akathistos cycles the illustration of this strophe was definitely influenced by the iconography of the Pokrov, which embodied the same idea. Actually, the specific representation of the Virgin holding a cloth (in several cases looking like an omophorion) in her arms had been borrowed. We will discuss how this variant of the illustration of Strophe 19 had emerged, when and where it was spread and why? The Virgin’s protection as the main concept of Strophe 19 of the Akathistos Hymn demanded an appropriate visualization. Thus in some of the Akathistos cycles the illustration of this strophe was definitely influenced by the iconography of the Pokrov, which embodied the same idea. Actually, the specific representation of the Virgin holding a cloth (in several cases looking like an omophorion) in her arms had been borrowed. We will discuss how this variant of the illustration of Strophe 19 had emerged, when and where it was spread and why?

Virgin (Holy Mother) Iconography of Moldova and its Balkan Origins

Author(s): Tudor Stavila / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2014

The Virgin iconography of Moldova Among refers to rare models of Holy Mother, which have direct tangency to Bessarabian art of the 18th and the 19th centuries. Aware of irretrievable losses during the Soviet times, when monasteries and churches were closed (1957–1961), and cult items were confiscated or destroyed, it is too difficult to assess the national medieval icon, because of this void left of masterpieces from different epochs. This is also true for the Virgin of Moldova icon, mentioned by the Russian researcher Evgeny Poselyanin in Holy Mother: Illustrated Description of Her Life and Wonderworking Icons (Moscow, 1914) and served as a model for Bessarabian painters during the medieval period. The Virgin of Moldova icon from the Monastery of St. Nicholas, Kherson eparchy (the early 19th c.) is a specific interpretation of the 12th-century Virgin iconography of the Monastery of St. Catherine in Sinai; The Mother of God Pelagonitissa fresco (1318) at the church of Staro Nagoričane or Playful Child (Evhaitskaia, 1345) iconography at Chilandari Monastery, Mt Athos; in The Mother of God Pelagonitissa from Dečani (14th century), and similar icons from Skopje (1422, artist Makarios), of Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery (18th century, Russia) and many more. The article seeks to show how this iconographic model for the respective icons had been formed and developed, but also their common and specific peculiarities.

Икони на дебърските майстори зографи Нестор Трайков и Данаил Несторов в църквата „Успение Богородично“, Лом, 1894

Author(s): Rumiana Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2014

The activity of the icon-painters from the Mijak region grouped around Nestor Traikov (1840–1919) and his son Danail Nestorov (1870–?), who worked in the second half of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century in Bulgaria’s central and north-western parts, is a typical example of collective work. Still unstudied, their murals at the Church of the Dormition of Theotokos (1894) in the town of Lom on the Danube reveals various aspects of the West- European styles and techniques of that age combined with local art practices. Along with the memory of the linear-decorative principle, no less attractive is the highly original manner in which these masters from the region of Debar, Macedonia interpreted academic expressiveness. Unburdened by the instructions of any art schooling, holding views of art that were a far cry from the international standards, they made use in a really creative way of everything offered by the past and the contemporary period, painting ingenious and powerfully expressive artworks of significance to Bulgaria’s history of culture.

Стенописното наследство на банските зографи Михалко Голев и Димитър Сирлещов – между традицията и новото време

Author(s): Nikolay Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2014

The paper deals with the church murals byMihalko Ivanov Golev and Dimiter Sirleshtov. Their murals at 11 Orthodox churches in Bulgaria’s southwest are given in a nutshell. Ten of the churches are in the region of Blagoevgrad in the Struma Valley and the elevenths is in the vicinities of Kyustendil. Most of the examined churches were listed as heritage sites of undeniable cultural significance. These churches were built and painted in the second half of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. That was a very complicated and multilayered time at the close of Bulgarian National Revival period with these western parts of Bulgaria still under the Ottomans to be liberated as late as 1912; an undoubted achievement both by the master builders and the icon-painters, joining forces to establish the Bulgarian identity and to revive the Orthodox traditions.

Държавната политика в сферата на пластичните изкуства през първата половина на 50-те години на ХХ век и отражението ѝ върху църковната монументално- декоративна живопис

Author(s): Milena Blazhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2014

The text deals with key compositions in mural ensembles at the Cathedrals of The Nativity of the Most Holy Mother of God (Veliko Tyrnovo) and of The Dormition of the Most Holy Mother of God (Plovdiv) in the light of the developments related to regaining the Patriarchal dignity of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church in the mid-twentieth century. The decade following the World War Two was a time, when Bulgaria’s political system was subject to the Soviet totalitarian model. With regard to the Church, it meant pursuing a restrictive policy. On the other hand, however, the authorities spared no efforts to restore the Bulgarian Patriarchate, an issue of both domestic and foreign policy dimensions to it. The murals of both churches were made in 1950–1952 by teams led by this country’s most eminent Bulgarian historical painters, Nikola Kozhuharov and Dimiter Gudjenov. The representational programme was consistent with the political conjuncture. It was implemented in the vein of European academicism, the conservatism of which was close to the aesthetical concept of the method of Socialist Realism. Such plots and scenes were accentuated that could be interpreted not from the vantage point of faith alone, but also in the light of the dominant ideology. These pictorial ensembles would more often than not compromise the principles defining the nature of the Orthodox monumental and decorative church painting.

Нови музикални ръкописи в Научния архив на БАН

Author(s): Asen Atanasov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2014

In the documentary heritage of the Scientific Archives of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences there is a small collection of 15 musical manuscripts – 13 church-slavonic and 2 Greek. Archived in the inventory 6 of the music collection 14 which has a variety content, the manuscripts remain undiscovered for long. As a whole the church-slavonic musical manuscripts come from the Institute of Music. The Greek manuscripts entered in the archive by different paths. the 2 Greek – from otherwise. The first manuscript – a fragment of the second half of the 14th century (BAS gr. 22) comes from another collection of musical manuscripts (EHAI) and the second manuscript – short Anastasimatarion (BAS gr. 15) was discovered in the personal fund of Nicola Nachov (f. 63k). In recent years during inventories were found three church-slavonic musical manuscripts from the 19th century: Heirmologion (a.u. 12), Anthology (a.u. 13) and Doxastarion (a.u. 14). This work presents them for the first time with preliminary description. Their analytical description is a future task.

ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ РУССКОЙ ПРАВОСЛАВНОЙ ЦЕРКВИ ПО УВЕКОВЕЧЕНИЮ ПАМЯТИ ПОГИБШИХ МОРЯКОВ «КУРСКА»

Author(s): Irina Alekseevna Razumova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5 (158)/2016

The article is concerned with the problem of constructing a phenomenon of social memory on the example of one historical event – the wreck of the nuclear submarine “Kursk” in the Barents Sea waters. The disaster occurred on the 12th of August, 2000. An important role in the memorialization of the tragic event, which resulted in the death of 118 sailors, was played by the clergy of Murmansk and Monchegorsk eparchy belonging to the Russian Orthodox Church. The erection of the memorial complex, renovation of the local relics, and their popularization in the process of religious education contributed to the strengthening of the local diocese’s position and its leadership role in the Russian Orthodox Church, society, and the state. The undertaken steps also helped to enhance the ties between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Navy of the Russian Federation. The undertaken works on the memorial complex implementation have grown into one of the important factors in the development of the Church infrastructure in the region. The Seraphim cemetery of St. Petersburg has become the central place of remembering the fallen sailors. Liturgical services in memory of the perished submariners are conducted in different cities and districts of the country. The process of veneration manifests itself in the creation of Orthodox memorial objects and conducted memorial campaigns. The article is based on the set of religious and secular sources including earlier published texts and online resources.

Ideologie wielokulturowości a destrukcja polityki Zachodu

Author(s): Paweł Skrzydlewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2014

The author analyzes four key factors of the state built upon principles of the Latin civilization; these factors include morality (the uprightness of citizens), science, production and army. He accentuates that all the actions based on revolutionary methods and assumptions must be removed from the social life of Europe and Poland because of their harmfulness and dangerous practices. Politics, when realized according to the above-selected principles, allows recovering and strengthening the pillars of Western culture. These pillars include: A) Family based on the undissolvable and unsolicited marriage of a man and a woman, which fosters love between them and for all the others, which enables the actual equality of a man and a woman in their rights and duties, which founds private property and the opportunity of getting matured during the lifetime of parents. B) The administration of justice in all areas of human life through the public authority which while giving back what is due to each other contributes in establishing a genuine interpersonal peace along with its various fruits. C) The respect for human work which enables an essential development of any human goods, as well as the eradication of any form of slavery. D) The independence of religious life from political and temporal factors, which ultimately serves the priority of the human spirit over all the finite and the means for human life.

Polska 1979-1989. Polski papież i amerykański prezydent

Author(s): Richard J. Fafara / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2015

This paper examines the shared religious and intellectual conviction, toughness, and an abhorrence of communism of Pope John Paul II and President Reagan that contributed to the demise of that system in Poland. I discuss similarities between these two men; their approaches to communism; their meetings beginning in 1982; the hypothesis of a “holy alliance,” and conclude that based on available evidence to date, a strong case can be made that the Pope and Reagan jointly did more than any others to bring about the fall of communism, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the end of the Cold War.

Temporal, mystic and religious love: the poetry of the Taliban

Author(s): Mateusz Kłagisz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Mina, Mohabbat and ishq are three pashto words used to name two kinds of love. The first is more human while the second is divine or mystical. In this paper I have tried to analyse the poetry of the Taliban, paying special attention to the question of the aforementioned kinds of love: human, di‑vine and religous. I decided to do that because until now most of the re‑searchers working on the Talibanʼs songs have focussed more on their po‑litical, propaganda and religious message, with very little work dedicated to its ‘human’ character. This is why I have presented several poems se‑lected from the collection Poetry of the Taliban by Alex Strick van Lin‑schoten and Felix Kuehn (Gurgaon 2012) and enhanced my study with some comments.