Definiţiile şi rolul lor în terminologia medicală

Author(s): Camelia Săpoiu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The present work is a short study of metalexicography aiming to analyze the types of alternative definitions of medical terms registered in DEX and in DEXI. On the other hand, hyponymy studied concerning lexicographical definition is an interesting aspect of linguistics. Hyponymy and also hypernymy are exploited for the wording of the lexicographical definitions and these become the main lexicographical manner for defining the medical terms in dictionaries of general language.

AZ IRODALMI MŰVEK ÉRTELMEZÉSE BIBLIOTERÁPIÁS ELJÁRÁS KERETÉBEN

Author(s): Éva Bartos / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

The leader of bibliotherapy directs the choice of the piece of art work, its interpretation, and its inclusion, in order to achieve a certain effect. The three protagonists of the literary therapy process are the receiver, the literary work and the therapist. The literary works can fulfill more functions. One is the mirror-function, where the receiver recognizes his problems in the art work. Another function is the model function, where he gets a model to follow, or negative model function. The main aim is that the literary work, in one or another way, should dynamize the participants, so that they recognize some message of the art work and find a relation between the story described in it and their own life stories.

Rezumate

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

DESPRE AUTORI

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Romanian Publication Year: 0

MOTIVARE ȘI METAFORĂ COGNITIVĂ ÎN TERMINOLOGIA ACTUALĂ

Author(s): Doina Butiurcă / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

External motivation, the classification and characteristics of this type of motivation - attributed to an impressive number of specialized terms in contemporary scientific languages - is the topic we propose to approach in our study. The motivated relationship between the signified object and the term and the metasemic motivation (in the case of change of meaning) are two of our general research directions. The definition of the metasemically motivated “travelling” metaphor in terminology, the cultural sources of this type of metaphor, the patterns of interdisciplinarity it creates in the corpus of terms and/or specialized discourse, the multi- and plurilingual dimension represent the specific objectives of our research (applicative and theoretical). The descriptive-linguistic method, the contrastive method are the methods applied in the study to show the extent to which the condition of precision of the specialized meaning is met in the different languages. The research findings reveal that external motivation, the metaphor, represents one of the creative forces of present terminology.

INTONATION ALS EINE WICHTIGE KOMPONENTE DER KOMMUNIKATIONSFÄHIGKEIT

Author(s): Ana Pomelnicova / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

A lot is spoken about forming the phonetic competence in foreign language schools. Thus, this article deals with the importance of the sound (phonetic) aspect of oral communication in foreign language teaching where special attention is paid to intonation. There is a central object of study from the perspective of spoken speech parameters. Future professionals must speak a foreign language, have interpersonal and professional communication skills. These skills allow you to feel confident in a foreign business environment, to be competitive in the labour market. But it is worth mentioning that the knowledge of vocabulary and grammatical rules is insufficient for this. It is necessary to identify the main point, accents and pauses. The author states that intonation, emotions, skills intoning sentences are very important in a foreign language. Thus, the given article discusses the functions of intonation, emphasizing the main features of the intonation of the German language and indicating their syntactic and phonetic peculiarities.

ŞTEFAN AUGUSTIN DOINAŞ – PERSONALITATE MARCANTĂ ÎN CULTURA ROMÂNEASCĂ – 100 ANI DE LA NAŞTERE

Author(s): Natalia Luchianciuc,Diana Găină / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The communication is dedicated to Ştefan Augustin Doinaş (1922-2002), a representative personality of Romanian literature, who stood out in the realm of poetry as the most prominent exponent of the ballade genre from the middle of the 20th century. Brief biographical data are presented, highlighting the genres addressed by the author: poetry, prose, essays, journalism.

Западните интерпретации на „Джуандзъ“

Author(s): Desislava Damyanova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Exploring a significant amount of secondary literature on “Zhuangzi” has led us to the conclusion not only that so many individual interpretations exist, but that the presence of an incredible variety of readings is perplexing. They are often contradictory and puzzling due to their remoteness from the original text (the inner chapters of the treatise, which we reconstructed thanks to the invaluable help of an excellent connoisseur of the old Chinese language we cooperated with)2. The reason for the detection of many voices in the composition with the alleged authorship of Zhuang Zhou only in its inner section requires further research. The ambiguous assessments of its contemporary interpreters are probably due to the free creative play of different genres in the writings of the early Daoists.Exploring a significant amount of secondary literature on “Zhuangzi” has led us to the conclusion not only that so many individual interpretations exist, but that the presence of an incredible variety of readings is perplexing. They are often contradictory and puzzling due to their remoteness from the original text (the inner chapters of the treatise, which we reconstructed thanks to the invaluable help of an excellent connoisseur of the old Chinese language we cooperated with)2. The reason for the detection of many voices in the composition with the alleged authorship of Zhuang Zhou only in its inner section requires further research. The ambiguous assessments of its contemporary interpreters are probably due to the free creative play of different genres in the writings of the early Daoists.

Българо-пущунски когнати. Анализ на тяхното значение и произход

Author(s): Ivan T. Ivanov,Mariana Minkova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article presents eight words from Pashto language, considered as cognates to words left by Proto-Bulgarians. This conclusion is supported by the fact that Proto-Bulgarians generally have East-Iranian origin, as do the Hephthalites, the ancestors of modern Pashtuns. Six modern Bulgarian words and eleven Old Bulgarian words and semantic roots of unspecified origin are shown as cognate to Pashto words, hence their Proto-Bulgarian origin is suggested. The ancient hydronym Gerdab “iron gate“ for a gorge on Danube river is shown to correspond to the Pashto phrase gird вb “stirred water“ and hence, it could also have Eastern origin. In conclusion, a significant number of examples are adduced evidencing for Eastern heritage in the languages of ancient and modern Bulgarians.The article presents eight words from Pashto language, considered as cognates to words left by Proto-Bulgarians. This conclusion is supported by the fact that Proto-Bulgarians generally have East-Iranian origin, as do the Hephthalites, the ancestors of modern Pashtuns. Six modern Bulgarian words and eleven Old Bulgarian words and semantic roots of unspecified origin are shown as cognate to Pashto words, hence their Proto-Bulgarian origin is suggested. The ancient hydronym Gerdab “iron gate“ for a gorge on Danube river is shown to correspond to the Pashto phrase gird вb “stirred water“ and hence, it could also have Eastern origin. In conclusion, a significant number of examples are adduced evidencing for Eastern heritage in the languages of ancient and modern Bulgarians.

Словообразувателни модели при калкиране на новогръцката лингвистична терминология

Author(s): Boris Vunchev,Irina Strikova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to summarize the basic processes of word formation of Modern Greek linguistic terminology in the calquing of English linguistics terms into Modern Greek. The paper analyses processes of word formation such as suffixation, prefixation and neoclassical compounding.

Съпоставителен анализ на фразеологизми с неизменяемо местоимение и глагол в новогръцкия и българския език

Author(s): Rumen Rikevski / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

This report makes a brief comparison of phraseologisms with unalterable pronoun and verb in Greek and Bulgarian. Pronouns don’t have declinable paradigm, don’t operate on grammatical and lexical level, they are simply a formal marker. Among them the two component’s Greek phraseologisms are the most difficult to locate and interpret because the phrases are very short, must function as free collocations, and in many cases are with opaque motivation.

Фразеологичните единици, включващи в своя състав соматизма "глава" в българския и в японския език

Author(s): Katya Marinova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Depending on the degree of interlinguistic equivalence, the phraseological units with Bulgarian somatism head and Japanese somatism 頭 (atama, kashira; zu, tou) can be divided into: complete (absolute) phraseological equivalents, incomplete (partitive) phraseological equivalents, relative phraseological equivalents, phraseological analogs and formal phraseological equivalents. In view of the fact that the Bulgarian and Japanese languages belong to different language families, complete (absolute) phraseological equivalents can be found very rarely, but we can detect a lot of partitive and relative phraseological equivalents, as well as many formal phraseological equivalents. Since Bulgarian phraseological units with head exceed Japanese phraseological units in number, we detect more phraseological analogues in Bulgarian phraseological units.

Сикофантите в Древна Атина – възникване и развитие на термина

Author(s): Stela Moneva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this research work, attention is paid to the unattractive term „sycophant“. The root of the work „fig“ is taken as a starting point in the study. Initially, this noun connected the term with the primitive agricultural cults and the rites of fertilization. The solving of the set out task goes through the tracing of the fate of the words „fig“ and „sycophant“ in ancient literature. On the basis of the studied source data, generally two semantic circles could be outlined: the one – when the word „sycophant“ is used in its religious meaning, and the other – when it bears a „judicial“ meaning. In the 30s of the 5th century BC, the meaning of the word shifted and sycophant already meant an „informant”, a „spy“. Ancient Athens judiciary incorporated this practice and during the next 4th century BC snitching thrived but in the atmosphere of total contempt on the side of the citizens of Athens.

Abstracts

Author(s): / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Rezumate

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Recepce mezigeneračních vztahů v knize Babička drsňačka

Author(s): Adéla Štěpánková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Initial research for the dissertation called Reception of intergenerational relationships in the book Gangsta Granny identifies the percentage of children that are interested in intergenerational relationships occurred in the text. For this purpose, there is used one chapter of the book which is primarily intended for the child reader and the double-entry diary method. The survey respondents are pupils of the 6th grade of elementary school.

Косвени свидетелства за формалните облигации в римското право

Author(s): Maria Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Roman jurists defined an obligation as iuris vinculum, i.e., a legal relationship or bond between persons governed by legal norms other than those established on the basis of religious, moral, or social patterns of behavior. The Roman poet Horace (65-8 B.C.) frequently used legal terms and situations as artistic embellishments. This preference to combine or dress up the poetic image with a legal idea or concept made his style lively and original, but not only that. He also provides indirect evidence of legal practice in ancient Rome.

О средневековых славянских переводах Лествицы Иоанна Синайского и их именованиях в научной литературе

Author(s): Tatyana Popova / Language(s): English,Russian Publication Year: 0

Syntactic functions of non-fi nite verb forms in a learner corpus of Czech students

Author(s): Libuše Hornová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to present some fi ndings resulting from the analysis of a small learner corpus of spoken English. Major attention is paid to the frequency of non-fi nite verb forms in their varied syntactic functions. The results are compared with corpus fi ndings presented in Biber et al. (1999 ) and also assessed according to contrastive interlanguage analysis (CIA), (Granger, 2009), which can help us estimate the possible infl uence of the learners´ native language (L1), Czech. The CIA analysis is based on the typological differences between the students’ L1 and L2 (Mathesius, 1975, Knittlová et al, 2010, Dušková et al, 1988, to name a few). The third aim is to suggest possible innovations in advanced language teaching/learning of the English language. By reducing the L1 transfer, the students´ performance could become closer to English native speakers´ norms.

Comparative Czech-English analysis of written English (KAPA): Transforming linguistic expertise into a practical EAP course

Author(s): Radek Vogel,Martin Adam / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper proposes to present the design of a new course, the aim of which is concerned with the functional syntax and vocabulary in the English-Czech comparative approach. It offers students a functional comparison of the two languages in which they will be able to apply the knowledge acquired in the bachelor programmes of English studies against the background of their mother tongue, i.e. the Czech language. After completing the course the students will be able to functionally distinguish the main features of English and Czech (with the emphasis on syntactic and lexico-semantic plan in both languages) and to use this linguistic expertise practically in the production of written English or in translation. The paper outlines the key syntactic and lexico-semantic areas which were identifi ed as potential causes of interferential problems and which thus compose the core of the course syllabus.