МОДЕЛИ НА ДИАЛОГА В МЕДИЙНАТА РЕЧ

Author(s): Venera Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The subject of the article is the answer as a reaction to the question in Bulgarian media discourse between the recipient and sender. The models that are analyzed do not fall into standard expectations when the recipient fills gaps in the information of the questioner. Various situations are analyzed, but in particular via the so-called "dialogic game" where interlocutors have relatively equal participation in verbal communication. The aim is to reveal to some extent the principles of verbal interpersonal interaction; to understand whether there are specific models that avoid successfully unwanted response from the addressee. Are there any "stereotypes" of speech behavior? And how do they spread in the Bulgarian media context? Are there dominant models that serve as "universal formula"?

НАЧИНИ ЗА ИЗРАЗЯВАНЕ НА МИНАЛО РЕЗУЛТАТИВНО ВРЕМЕ В БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ ДИАЛЕКТИ

Author(s): Vladislav Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In the article are presented the different ways of expressing past perfect tense on the territory of the Bulgarian language territory. The two main constructions are: “to have” + “past passive participle” and “to be” + “past active participle”. A hybrid construction such as: “to be” + “past passive participle” appears in some of the dialects as well. The emphasis falls on dialects with two or more models of expressing past perfect tense. A general review of the theoretical foundations is made that is connected to the semantics of the past perfect tense.

ДИАЛЕКТЪТ И СОЦИАЛНИТЕ МЕДИИ (БЕЛЕЖКИ ЗА ФЕЙСБУК)

Author(s): Sofiya Mitsova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

We monitor and analyze different Facebook groups which gain more and more popularity among the Internet users and where the dialect, considered not to be a prestigious language formation, is the basic means of communication and self-identification.

ЗА МНОГОТО ИНФИНИТИВИ В НЕМСКИЯ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Antoaneta Mihaylova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The existence of more than one infinitival form in Modern German, and the lack of an infinitive in Modern Bulgarian causes difficulties in the acquisition of the German language by Bulgarian learners. The article deals with the development of the infinitival forms, their use in the building of the analytical tense structures, the difference between bare and prepositional infinitives and compares the infinitival structures with the dependent clausal constructions. It also renders some of the possible ways of translating the infinitival German forms into Bulgarian.

ЗА ЕДИН ИЗГУБЕН ПРЕПИС НА „ИСТОРИЯ СЛАВЯНОБЪЛГАРСКА“ ОТ 1793 Г.

Author(s): Elisaveta Stoycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The main aim of the research is to reveal some common evidence about one lost copy of the “Slavo-Bulgarian History”, a historiography written by Paisiy of Hilandar, the Patriarch of the Bulgarian Revival period. The text also presents a version concerning Paisiy’s grave and some genealogical features concerning Apostle of Freedom Vasil Levski.

ЗА „СРЕДНОВЕКОВНИТЕ МОЛИТВИ ЗА РОДИЛКИ“

Author(s): Lyubka Nenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

НОВООТКРИТА ПЪРВОПЕЧАТНА КНИГА НА БЪЛГАРСКИ АВТОР ОТ 1679 ГОДИНА

Author(s): Liliya Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

Until now, only three Bulgarian books published in the 17th century have been known, and the three of them were published by educated Bulgarians with the financial support from the Catholic Church. I managed to find another book written by a Bulgarian and published in 1679. This is a short philosophical and theological work (thesis) by Marcus of Chiprovets, written in Latin „in the spirit of Johannes Duns Scottus“ philosophy and printed in Prague. The author is said to have received his schooling from the school at Chiprovets (modern northwestern Bulgaria).

БЪЛГАРИЯ В КРАЯ НА XIX ВЕК: МНОГООБРАЗИЕ В ЕЗИКА – МНОГООБРАЗИЕ В ОБЛЕКЛОТО

Author(s): Margaret Dimitrova,Miglena Ivanova,Ilina Luleyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

This article discusses an almost unexplored source for the history of Bulgarian culture and language: a corpus of handwritten documents from the end of the 19th century, housed in the Scientific Archives of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. The documents provide information on the domestic production of clothing, fabrics and decoration, underwear and outerwear, accessories and jewelry, the cost of clothing and the time needed to produce it, opinions on the quality of home-made clothing and the purchased one. In this paper examples from the descriptions of clothing in Samokov and in Nikopol regions are analyzed in order to show the main points of the description of the clothes of different social, age, religious and local groups in Bulgaria after the liberation from the Ottoman rule.

SOME PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING BULGARIAN DISHES INTO ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN

Author(s): Mariya Bagasheva-Koleva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The paper deals with some problems in translating the names of traditional Bulgarian dishes into English and Russian. It is mainly based on the methodology proposed by two Bulgarian researchers, Sergey Vlahov and Sider Florin, who in 1980 published a study on the “untranslatable” in translations, including the translation of realia. The names of national dishes are considered as “ethnographic realia” (Garbovskii, 2004, p. 483) and are part of every nation’s culture and lifestyle. In my paper I discuss the different approaches to translating realia and give some recommendations on the best possible ways to render the names of Bulgarian dishes into English and Russian.

A LOOK INTO SYMBOLISM IN LITERATURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF “VANITY FAIR” BY WILLIAM THACKERAY

Author(s): Yana Manova-Georgieva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Proper names in literature serve not only as naming means, but also as a tool for completing and nuancing of the characters of literary images. Therefore, the hereby presented study of William Thackeray’s „Vanity Fair“ is an attempt to delve into the meaning of proper names and their symbolism where it is present, as well as its translation equivalent in Bulgarian. Proper names in both English and Bulgarian are seen as symbols and their concealed meaning is to be revealed by means of analysis of immediate context, together with the lexical meaning of the names of the characters in the novel. Conclusions are drawn as to what extent meaning of names is important in creating literary images and characterizing them and what actually is translated in literature in order to preserve the nominal idea of the author.

БЪЛГАРСКИ ИНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЦИ, ЗАВЪРШИЛИ ИЛИ ПРЕПОДАВАЛИ В ГРЪЦКИ УЧИЛИЩА ПРЕЗ ХVІІІ–ХІХ ВЕК

Author(s): Konstantinos Nichoritis / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

This study is the first attempt to find out those intellectuals who studied or taught at Greek educational institutions concerning the data from ‘Encyclopedia. The Bulgarian Revival Intelligentsia’, Sofia 1988. According to the editors, taking into consideration the languages spoken by the representatives of the Bulgarian Revival in their fields of work, those who spoke Greek (877) took the second place after those speaking French (994), the third place was taken by those speaking Russian (803), and at the fourth place were those who spoke Turkish.

СЕМАНТИЧЕН И ПРАГМАТИЧЕН АСПЕКТ НА ИМЕННАТА ДЕТЕРМИНАЦИЯ В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Vanya Zidarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Noun definiteness is a functional semantic category with a wide range of means for expression. It is a specific noun category, unlike other noun categories. The definiteness is a communicative pragmatic category based on tree types of oppositions. The semantic opposition singularity/non-singularity. The communicative opposition reference/non-reference. The graded pragmatic opposition non-identifiedness/identifiability/identifiedness. Neutralization of the oppositions and competition among the determiners is realized in the generic use of the noun in the utterance.

THE EXPRESSIONS FOR ‘TRANSLATE’ AND ‘INTERPRET’ IN THE EUROPEAN LANGUAGES

Author(s): Peter M. Hill / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In the Romance languages the act of translating ‘to translate from one language into another’ is verbalized with words that originated from the mediaeval Latin trādūco (in the Classical Latin (con)vertere (vortere), reddere and interpretārī were used). The English language adopted the verb translate from the mediaeval Latin transfero distinguishing from the oral translation interpret (which is of Latin origin, probably borrowed through French) from the written translation (translate). There are calques of Latin trādūco or of Greek Μεταφέρω in the Germanic and Slavic languages. Only the Dutch language has its own word - vertalen. In several languages a number of specialized expressions can be seen, e.g., in Czech počeštit / počešt’ovat ʼtranslate into Czech‘, poněmčit ʼtranslate into German‘.

„НОВИЯТ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕН РЕД“ В БЪЛГАРИЯ И ПРЕПОДАВАНЕТО НА БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК В ЧУЖБИНА

Author(s): Petar Sotirov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The author argues that there is a new language situation in Bulgaria for which he uses the term „new linguistic order“. Its essence is that a number of language variants, which in the past had reduced or limited use, although not codified, are now part of the public linguistic norm. On the other hand, other language versions, which have so far been part of the norm and have been codified, have come out of active use. In order to prove the existence of the „new linguistic order“, the author brings facts from the contemporary language reality in Bulgaria. These facts represent different levels of the language system and its functioning in real communication. In conclusion, the author reflects on the problem of teaching Bulgarian as a foreign language, given that there is a large discrepancy between codified and non-codified language norms, between common and rare language practices. The reflections are based on the experience of teaching the Bulgarian language in Poland.

ДАННИ ЗА ОБСТАНОВКАТА В СКОПИЕ ПРЕЗ 1684 ГОДИНА: РЕЛАЦИЯ ВЪВ ВРЪЗКА СЪС СМЪРТТА НА АНДРЕА БОГДАНИ

Author(s): Denisa Cherma / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper analizes the data concerning the people's values, political attitudes, and moods and emotions in Skopje as described in a letter to Congregatio de Propaganda Fide written in 1684 by the Archbishop of Skopje Pjeter Bogdani. Christians called the Austrian Emperor „our Emperor“, prayed for him and his victories over the Turks. They were filled with hopes for the victory of Christians. Both Catholics and Orthodox were involved in the funeral procession of the deceased former Catholic archbishop and shared common hopes and beliefs.

ТРИ ДОКУМЕНТА, СВЪРЗАНИ С ЖИЗНЕНИЯ ПЪТ НА БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ВЪЗРОЖДЕНЕЦ КОНСТАНТИН ПЕТКОВИЧ

Author(s): Galina Nikodimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The paper below presents three documents related to the life of Konstantin Petkovich, important figure of the Bulgarian National Revival. The documents are attached in the following order: 1. K. Petkovich`s baptismal testimony from 1826; 2. Petkovich`s diploma for successfully completed education at University of St. Petersburg; 3. A baptismal testimony of Petkovich's grand daughter – Lyudmila, where his wife is mentioned as a widow of Petkovich who had the civilian rank of a secret counselor.

USE OF ENVIRONMENT-THEMED CARTOONS IN ESP TEACHING

Author(s): Predrag Niketić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In Serbia, as in many other countries, humour is frequently integrated into General English instruction in primary and secondary schools, but less frequently so in higher education, especially in specialized study programmes offering ESP courses. The present discussion concerns students enrolled at the Faculty of Occupational Safety (FOS), University of Niš, Serbia, particularly those in the environmental protection programme, but may also benefit students in analogous programmes at other higher education institutions. This paper investigates the potential of illustrated cartoons / comic strips as tools for English language instruction tailored to the field of environmental studies. The analysis of these cartoons assesses their prospective advantages for students regarding vocabulary acquisition, grammar proficiency, and a deeper comprehension of pertinent environmental concepts. The latter aspect is emphasized as FOS students are required to take the English Language course for only one semester during their freshman year, well before they encounter more specialized science and engineering coursework. Their familiarity with environmental terminology and fundamental concepts is thus likely to be limited, so pre-exposure to these concepts could prove particularly advantageous for their subsequent studies. Ideally, the inclusion of humour should enhance both their linguistic competencies and their grasp of the specialized subject matter.

SYNONYMY IN TEXTBOOKS FOR SERBIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Author(s): Jelena Marković Nikolajeva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This paper is about synonymy in Serbian as a foreign language. In Serbian vocabulary, which is represented in the textbooks for Serbian as a foreign language, there are many synonymous lexemes, and occasionally we come across lexical exercises with synonyms. We want to research whether all the synonyms that appear in textbooks for a certain level of learning are justified, and how much attention is paid to their learning. To that end, we will present a textbook lexicon of Učimo srpski 2 (2023), made for A2 and B1 levels of learning. The thematic organization of this textbook and the richness of the vocabulary and exercises provide an opportunity to explore an approach to synonymy in teaching Serbian as a foreign language. We will also look at the textbook Učimo srpski 1 (2020), to give an insight into the synonymous lexemes at the very beginning of the course of Serbian as a foreign language.

PRAGMATIC AND SOCIOCULTURAL ADAPTATION IN LITERARY TRANSLATION

Author(s): Zorica Trajkova Strezovska,Milan Damjanoski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

When translating a text written for a target audience with a different cultural background, the text necessarily undergoes pragmatic and sociocultural modification and adaptation. Pragmatically, the source text elements need modification to meet the needs of the new cultural and linguistic environment or the communicative situation (Zauberga 1994), and the target language audience (Neubert and Shreve 1992). Socioculturally, the peculiarities of a source text which may trigger sociocultural adaptation (Chang 2009, 95) are the different temporal and spatial perceptions of reality, the difference in the way notions are conceptualized, the syntactic and discourse organization of the two languages, as well as the choice of lexis. This article presents a pragmatic and rhetorical analysis aiming to unveil the pragmatic and sociocultural adaptations 10 students had to make when translating a short story from Macedonian into English. In addition, the students responded to a survey in which they described the challenges they faced while translating. The research highlighted the importance of thorough analysis of socio-cultural differences, pragmatic adaptations, and the context-based vs. language-based problems. Explicit instruction during translation classes is necessary to help raise students’ awareness of the problems that might arise due to lack of sociocultural background knowledge and pragmatic failure.

SMALL GROUP LANGUAGE TEACHING AT TERTIARY LEVEL

Author(s): Elena Kitanovska-Ristoska,Natasha Petrova-Popovski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

One of the benefits of the post-method tertiary education is working in small groups. There are plenty of benefits of teaching in small groups since the main focus is put on the needs of the students, while the main objective is their academic skills growth. Teaching language and literature in small groups at tertiary level creates an interactive and engaging learning environment. It promotes critical thinking, active learning, collaboration and cultural exchange, while providing students with individual attention and support. This approach enhances students’ understanding and appreciation of language and literature while fostering the development of various skills that are valuable beyond the academic setting. It also leads to quality enhancement of the teaching process, proven by the students' feedback, and by their higher knowledge shown at mid-term and final exams. This study aims to analyze the process of teaching language and literature in small groups of students majoring English at the Faculty of Education – Bitola, considering their skills, designing achievable learning outcomes, and using various ICT tools to fulfill the individual students’ needs. The research uses the qualitative paradigm and descriptive method (primarily reflection). The theory is combined with the reinforcement from the practical teaching experience.