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Análisis contrastivo de pronombres personales de los debates electorales Zapatero-Rajoy y Tusk-Kaczyński

Author(s): Monika Plewko / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2023

In this article we try to compare and characterize the two electoral debates (one in Poland, between Donald Tusk and Jarosław Kaczyński, held on the 12th of October 2007 and the second, in Spain, be- tween Mariano Rajoy Brey and José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero held on the 25th of March 2008) from the point of view of the use of pronouns and their persuasive value. The study that we present below analyzes the discursive performance of the four politicians. This research is elaborated at the syntactic level and specifically the use of deictics: I, we, you.

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"На прощаване" в типологията на лирическите жанрове

Author(s): Alexandar Panov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article analyzes Hristo Botev's poem „Farewell in 1868“, tracking the different genre paradigms to which it can be referred. Adopting the thesis that the typology of lyrical genres is mainly determined by the performative character of lyrical discourse, the author clarifies the discursive characteristics of the poem. It is established that the appellative nature of the „message“, as the poem is in appellative form, is only an artistic convention. The real communicative purpose of the literary text is not appellative, but declarative, and wants to achieve the joining of the perceiving community to the value system and value architectonics of the world shared by the lyrical hero. This discursive analysis allows to determine the place of the poem in the typology of lyrical genres.

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Ковид-19 в литературата: между фикцията, сравненията и дневниковото

Author(s): Amelia Licheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The text will attempt to see texts of different genres that seek to make sense of the pandemic experienced. Some of these will be in the genre of diaries and will rely on the documentary, others will be keyed to comparisons with the Spanish flu and the plague, others will open up to the experience as a kind of moral catharsis or anti-utopian visions.Among the authors considered will be Ali Smith, Maggie O'Farrell, Gonzalo M. Tavareš, Zachary Karabashliev, Vladimir Zarev, Teodora Dimova.Literary visions will also be looked at from the perspective of philosophy and futurology.

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Литературните произведения в учебните програми за VIII - XII клас в контекста на възпитанието и превантивната педагогика

Author(s): Daniel Polihronov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article interprets the problem of the educational and preventive functions of literature. A systematisation and interpretation of the literary works included in the curricula in the first and second high school stages of secondary education is proposed, in the context of the components determining the structure of personality upbringing.

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Съветска Русия: аспекти на идеологическия прочит (наблюдения върху пътеписни книги от 20-те и 30-те години на XX век)

Author(s): Mariya Ruseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The paper is focused on the representation of interwar Soviet Russia, which can be seen in Bulgarian travelogues – Ana Karima's “In Russia today” (1928), Dr Hristo Stoykov's “In Soviet Russia” (1930) and prof. Asen Zlatarov's “In the Soviets' Country” (1936). The country is presented in the process of constant change, during which the façade of the old monarchic Russia disappears behind the major architectural changes of Soviet Russia. The article analyses the travelers’ attempts to be as objective as possible in their observations and depictions for the Bulgarian reader and to capture the current image of the ideological rebuild of the Russian reality.

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Нагласи към обучението по българистика в чужбина

Author(s): Nadezhda Stalyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article examines the attitude of philology students towards Bulgarian studies in foreign universities. Based on a survey conducted in June 2023, it summarizes students' expectations regarding the subjects studied and ideas for future professional realization. The text presents statistics of the answers to several questions - which subjects should be compulsory for people studying Bulgarian studies abroad, what skills should be acquired by foreign Bulgarian studies students, what practices and internships should be included in the study of Bulgarian studies abroad and what professions could be pursued by people graduated in Bulgarian studies abroad. The processed results strongly indicate that the professional realization of foreign Bulgarian students is expected to be mainly in the field of education as teachers of Bulgarian language in school or university, as well as translators. Students consider academic exchanges and work placements in Bulgaria in institutions and companies to be particularly suitable. Expected skills of Bulgarian graduates are related to mastering both the practical Bulgarian language and its grammatical structure. Knowledge of cultural heritage and national psychology is also perceived to be key to the future professional development of Bulgarian studies students.

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Was Mikołaj of Błonie a Supporter of the Conciliarist Movement?

Author(s): Lidia Grzybowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1 (66)/2023

The main aim of the paper is to address the question of whether Mikołaj of Błonie (before 1400 – ca. 1448), a Polish doctor of canon law, was a supporter of the conciliarist movement. In the first half of the 15th century, the most prominent representatives of Poland’s intellectual elite were conciliarists. Initially, the Polish elite were moderately sympathetic towards conciliarism, but with the development of the situation during the Council of Basel (1431–1449), radical solutions started to be favoured. This article analyzes selected fragments from two works by Mikołaj of Błonie in the broader context of the conciliarist discussion in order to determine to what extent the contemporary situation and the preacher’s personal opinion could be reflected in the preaching and pastoral texts. These texts are Tractatus sacerdotalis de sacramentis (known as Sacramentale), a pastoral manual written around 1430, prepared for the lower clergy, and two collections of sermons – de tempore and de sanctis – also intended for use by lower clergy and uneducated audiences, written probably around 1438. Mikołaj of Błonie strongly postulated the need for reforms of the Church in membris while maintaining great caution in formulating conclusions regarding the reform in capite. His approach to power in the Church places him more on the side of the papists, although in his texts one can see a distant echo of the writings of Jean Gerson, Stanisław of Skarbimierz, and the discussions by Polish theologians and decreeists. Mikołaj’s conservativeness can be explained in many ways: the preacher’s personal views, the specific purpose of the texts, which did not provide space for ecclesiological discussion, and the context of polemics with the Hussites as well as the need to strengthen papal authority.

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Teatralność troski. Spektakl Kochana Wisełko, Najdroższy Zbyszku jako egzemplifikacja feministycznej etyki troski

Author(s): Monika Machowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

This article undertakes an attempt to prove validity of the claim that the play Kochana Wisełko, Najdroższy Zbyszku can be seen as an exemplification of feminist ethics of care, especially in reference to its interpretation by the theorist Nel Noddings. The methodological tools used, include the textual analysis of the script as well as the adaptation of phenomenological approach. The categories of a general assessment introduced alongside this reflection are as follows: relationality and receptivity, as well as the practice of empathy, care, understanding and attunement to other people’s needs. The article proved the adequacy of the assumption that the aforementioned categories had been expressed in the play and that they can be clearly ascertained in its reception by the viewers.

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Gadsimtu elpa grāmatniecībā

Author(s): Inguna Daukste-Silasproģe / Language(s): Latvian Issue: 50/2023

Review of: Viesturs Zanders (zin. red.). Grāmata Latvijai ārpus Latvijas. Kolektīvā monogrāfija. Rīga: Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka, 2021.

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Предикати за активна перцепция и особености на фреймовите им елементи

Author(s): Hristina Kukova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: XXXVI/2023

The article aims at describing a specific variety of perception predicates, namely active perception predicates. Active are considered those predicates in which the perceiving subject voluntarily directs his attention or sense organs to the object of perception. The differences between the analyzed predicates and the other subclasses of perception verbs are investigated, their semantic scope is described. Active perception predicates are categorized into subtypes. Their frame elements are examined with their definitions, semantic restrictions and possible syntactic realizations.

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Към въпроса за фонетичната мотивираност във фразеологията

Author(s): Anastasia Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article analyses non-semantic motivation as a semiotic and conceptual phenome-non. This motivation is based on the idea that the deep structures of the studied phraseological signs have a multi-layered organisation and carry information exceeding the sum of the meanings of their components. These specific units are a vivid demonstra-tion of the capacity of natural language as a flexible and self-organised system capable of employing an amazing variety of ways of expressing a certain idea and enhancing the results of cognitive processes. Such kinds of signs require a special approach. The study focuses on phonetic indexing as a type of non-semantic motivation.

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За Речника на ключовите думи на славянското езикознание

Author(s): Ekaterina Petkova,Jakub Lubomir Banasiak / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The paper presents the main theoretical principles adopted in the work on a preliminary model of a multilingual keyword dictionary of Slavic linguistics and the results of the previous studies of the Bulgarian-Polish team. The authors go on to discuss the work-flow of the compilation of the envisaged dictionary along with some of its parameters such as its scope, purpose, and prospective users. In addition, they present a model scheme of the structure of a dictionary entry, which contains a definition, relations to other concepts from the relevant subject field, as well as synonyms and equivalents of the target keyword.

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Конфигурационният синтактичен анализ и други инструменти за извличане на знания за изречението

Author(s): Petya Barkalova,Krasilina Koleva-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article presents novel approaches to enhancing syntactic analysis with a view to the modernisation of Bulgarian language teaching by means of configurational syntactic analysis and structurographically parsed sentences. The study of texts by three Bulgari-an authors enables the measurement of percentage ratios of the functions of the con-stituents of simple sentences and the types of subordinate clauses in complex-compound sentences. Statistically significant data regarding the range and depth of the structure of simple and complex sentences are also presented, along with intonograms implemented in the Praat acoustic analysis programme. The integrated analytical mod-el is applicable both in fundamental grammar research and in devising entertaining practical exercises for school and university-level students.

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Как да използваме богатството на българските народни говори в преподаването по български език и литература

Author(s): Kiril Kirilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article deals with the Digital Dialect Interactive Dictionary for Children, which serves as an interesting and useful tool for teaching Bulgarian language and literature. The author suggests that dialects, on the one hand, represent the living connection between the past and the present of the Bulgarian language, and reveal the language’s territorial unity, on the other.

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Един случай на разграничаване между еднородни и обособени части на изречението

Author(s): Tatyana Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article analyses cases in Bulgarian where punctuation errors occur as a result of failure to distinguish between homogeneous and detached parts of the sentence. The author discusses in more detail punctuation errors involving expressions connected by means of the conjunctions както, както и.

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Мария Мицкова. Възрожденските представи и концепции за книжовен език в предговорите от 20-те до 70-те години на ХIХ век

Author(s): Diana Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

This review presents a monograph by Maria Mitskova, dealing with Revival ideas and concepts of literary language according to the content of prefaces of books published from the 1820s through the 1870s. The author highlights the contributions of the study which sheds new light on the evolution of philological thought during the National Revival period through a multi-faceted analysis of hitherto unexplored authors’ ideas and concepts.

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Мария Кошкова. Българско-словашки речник. Том IV (Т – Я)

Author(s): Diana Blagoeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

This review presents the fourth volume of the Bulgarian-Slovak Dictionary by Maria Koshkova published in Bratislava. The characteristic features of the lexis included in the volume are discussed, along with the way of presenting lexicographic information. The dictionary is a significant contribution to modern Slavic bilingual lexicography.

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Information technology students’ involvement in in-class debates: speech acts and modification of the illocutionary force

Author(s): Eva Ellederová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Information technology (IT) professionals are a specific discourse community whose oral communication in English as a second language (ESL) predominates at all levels of workplace activities in the multinational IT sector. Since IT students’ pragmatic competence in performing communicative functions is essential for their effective communication in an academic setting and a global work environment, it is important to investigate this aspect of their language systematically and carefully. This paper focuses on IT students’ speech acts and the ways they modify the illocutionary force while participating in in-class debates. The analysis revealed that students used a wide range of speech acts and different metadiscourse markers for both increasing and reducing the illocutionary force. The ways IT students used boosters and hedges also reflect how they assume and share their professional knowledge and experience in their discourse community.

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Communication in a second language and individual differences: Effects of student age, gender, and socioeconomic status

Author(s): Zheng Li,Bing Li / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

It has been widely argued that willingness to communicate (WTC) in a second language (L2) is a dual construct of the learner’s trait and state. This study aimed to explore the relationships between trait-level antecedents (students’ demographic features) and their L2 WTC. A sample of 1,502 university students was recruited to participate in this study. Data on their age, gender, and family socioeconomic status (SES) were collected. A questionnaire of L2 WTC was adopted to measure the participants’ WTC in meaning-focused activities and WTC in form-focused activities. A path model was tested via structural equation modelling， and significant relationships between student demographic features (age, gender, and SES) and L2 WTC were observed. The major findings were that male students had higher WTC in meaning-focused activities, but female students showed higher WTC in form-focused activities, and student age was negatively related to WTC in meaning-focused activities.

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The normativity question in Quine’s naturalism: The context of the language learning situation

Author(s): Shonkholen Mate / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Quine has been charged with eliminating the normative dimension from his naturalized epistemology. The aim of the paper is to look at the role of empathy in Quine’s language learning situation, which in its simplest form is constituted by the parent-child relation. We will explore the normativity of the role of empathy thereof by exploiting the sociality of the language learning situation. Since the sociality of Quine’s notion of empathy is implicit, to explore the normativity expression thereof, we will examine the explicit sociality of Wittgenstein’s language learning situation–also constituted in its simplest form by the master-novice relation–and the normative character of it. By explicating the normativity of the calibrating role of the master and of rule following generally, we will parse the moral dimensions of the empathizing role of the linguist in Quine’s language learning situation. Finally, by examining the nature of normativity in empathizing, we will establish that the normativity of empathizing involved in Quine’s language learning situation is socially grounded without denying its individual dimension. We will conclude that the norma-tivity objection against Quine’s naturalism thus stands refuted.

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