Невероятная история книги “В стране белых лилий” Григория Петрова

Author(s): Zeynep Zafer / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2019

Many works about Russian exile literature written abroad were unpublished for years during the Soviet Union period. Some of these works, which lost their originals in Russian language, met with the Russian readers in the 1990s after being translated from the Western languages in Russian. The Russian writer Grigory Spriridovich Petrov’s book The Country of White Lilies due to the intense interest of the Turkish readers was preserved in the approximately 60 years period of prohibition. The book and his author, whose name was forgotten in the Soviet Union, continued to be published in the Balkans and Asia and only 81 years later was published in Russian language. The original was first translated in Turkish and from the Turkish translation the book was translated in Arabic and Finnish. The Country of White Lilies has more than eighty publications and up to ten different translations from Bulgarian and Russian editions in Turkey.

The Labyrinth of Genealogy: Poetry of Mehmet Karahüseyinov (1980-1990)

Author(s): Sylwia Siedlecka / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

The article analyzes poems written by Mehmet Karahüseyinov (1945-1990) in the context of socio-political phenomena in Bulgaria of the 19980s and 1990s. In Karahüseyinov’s poetry, echoes are found of both the “Revival Process” and the “Big Excursion”, as well as of the fall of communism in Bulgaria as a point in history. Autobiographical perspective is of equal importance in the poems: in 1985, in the wake of the last stage of the “Revival Process”, the poet attempted self-immolation. This liminal experience, set in a wider context of what it means to be a representative of the Turkish minority in Bulgaria in the late socialist period, permeates all of Karahüseyinov’s poetry at the time. The article’s methodological axis is a genealogical approach as formulated by Michel Foucault, who, informed by Nietzsche’s thought, wrote of an image of the body utterly marked by history. The body is thus an area which – also in the non-figurative, material dimension – enters the gears of history and where history leaves its marks, and the scarred bodily area becomes a map of a personal and entangled genealogy.

Prison literary translations as a vision on cultural democracy

Author(s): Nysret Krasniqi / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

Within the context of this article, I will observe the phenomenon of the impact of translation on Albanian literary culture. The main focal point of this paper will be the relation of the literary translator with the phenomenon of literature itself, in particular, when the translator is held in prison, as it happened in the monist period in Albania. Having been held in totalitarian prisons, many literary translators have retained their love for non-ideological literary knowledge and aesthetics through the translation of literary works that are intended only in their communicative but not receptive vision to the pertinence of translation. With the actual examples, we will reveal how the process of translation has been seen as a cultural democratizing power even in the darkest times of totalitarianism, monism and the literary rule of the soc-realist scheme in the literary culture. Thus, literary translation has constantly been seen as a cultural receptive, dialogic and promotional process. This phenomenon is explained by the existence of smaller cultures in the Southeast Balkans, but alike by the various ideological constraints present in this region, primarily during the second half of the twentieth century.

A New Field on the Making in Turkish Academia: a few Issues Regarding the Turkic World Literatures Teaching and Research

Author(s): Ertuğrul Karakuş / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

As a field and course, “Turkic World Literatures” covers Turkish literatures outside Turkey. However, in practice, it is seen to encompass new (contemporary-modern) literature field outside Turkey. This field is taught in Turkish higher education in different courses such as “Contemporary Turkic World Literatures”, “Turkic World Literatures”, “Comparative Turkic World Literatures” and “Azerbaijan/ Turkmenistan, etc. Literature Examples”. Nevertheless, there are some differences in practice and content when it comes to research in the field in general, and teaching in particular. This study discusses a few issues regarding Turkic World Literatures research and teaching and makes suggestions in conclusion. Within the framework of Turkic World Literatures course and research, “determination of the field’s scope”, “inter-field comparison” and “textual adaptation of contemporary literary theories and knowledge” are discussed.

Апостолическо писмо за назначението на Илия Маринов за Софийски епископ от 29 юли 1624 г.

Author(s): Tzvetan Vasilev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The Apostolic Appointment letter of bishop Iliya Marinov, partially quoted in the historical tractate of Petar Bogdan, has not been published until now. Copy of the letter was recently found by the author in Archivio Segreto Vaticano. Its publication and translation is a neccesary step in the process of studying the historical work of Petar Bogdan and the Bulgarian Catholic community in the first half of the 17th century.

Наука и празничност. Култ и идеологизация към образите на св. Кирил и св. Методий и някои от техните ученици в някои страни от Черноморския регион в периода 1945-1990 г.

Author(s): Elena Azmanova-Rudarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

This paper follows the cult towards some of the St. Holy Seven Saints - St. Cyril, St. Methodius, St. Klement and St. Naum. The accent falls on countries like Bulgaria, Russia, Romania, Ukraine, Moldova, Turkeу and others. Scientific, as well as festivе manifestations are being reviewed during the anniversary years 1963, 1966 and 1969, and different scientific meetings, conferences and simposiums, which show the cult in new light. On one hand the article takes into account the scientific achievements from the middle of the 19th century until 1945, and on the other - after the Second World War. Known facts and hypotheses are being ideologized or moved aside, so that the new political landmarks can be emphasized. During these scientific forums Bulgaria was considered as a bridge between the East and the West.

Съвременната българска литература и турцизмите

Author(s): Sadik Haci,Zeynep Zafer / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

To the Turkish words in the official Bulgarian Language today there is a negative attitude. The presence in the Bulgarian literary language of great number of lexemes of Turkish origin, which are not recognised from the big part of society, even specialists, as Turkish and which do not have Bulgarian counterparts, is not acknowledged as a valuable contribution to the basic lexical fund. The interest is focused on the usage of some Turkish words with pejorative meaning in journalistic and everyday speech. The function and the stylistic-emotional characteristics of the Turkish loan words in the present artistic texts are not researched.In the paper the Turkish words in the artistic debut of the contemporary writer Hasan Efraimоv „Dervis’ Karakondzhul“(evil ghost) presenting the representatives of Turkish cultural and linguistic environment, having specific national colour, are analysed. To the Turkish words in the official Bulgarian Language today there is a negative attitude. The presence in the Bulgarian literary language of great number of lexemes of Turkish origin, which are not recognised from the big part of society, even specialists, as Turkish and which do not have Bulgarian counterparts, is not acknowledged as a valuable contribution to the basic lexical fund. The interest is focused on the usage of some Turkish words with pejorative meaning in journalistic and everyday speech. The function and the stylistic-emotional characteristics of the Turkish loan words in the present artistic texts are not researched. In the paper the Turkish words in the artistic debut of the contemporary writer Hasan Efraimоv „Dervis’ Karakondzhul“(evil ghost) presenting the representatives of Turkish cultural and linguistic environment, having specific national colour, are analysed.

ПЕНЧО СЛАВЕЙКОВ НА ОСТРОВА . . . НА ГРОБИЩЕТО

Author(s): / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The article examines Pencho Slaveykov’s unique poetic book “On the Island of the Blessed” (1910). The point of view of this book is special: it is about the discrepancy between the original idea and the final realization. The reasons for this are discussed: Why is the author Bone Voydan missing there? Why was he appointed patriarch of island literature, but was removed from the anthology? Attention is paid to the parodies after Maxim Gorky, as well as the parodying of the editions of Ivan Andreychin. Special attention is paid to the problem of how Slaveykov’s books end. The images of death, among which the image of the cemetery is especially curious, at the end of Slaveykov's books are analyzed. On the other hand, the problem of the authors who play the role of compositional soldering elements in the book is outlined. The last book of Slaveykov is an illustration of his ideas about the unique and the universal, about the original and the extravagant. It is an exemplum – of how a national literature can exist: in the circles of its ethnic integrity or in search of its intertexts in the secret corners of the other European poetic images and examples. That is why I consider “On the Island of the Blessed” Pencho Slaveykov’s most important book.

НОВ ПОГЛЕД ВЪРХУ ФОРМАТА ЗА ТЕСТВАНЕ ПО СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРАН ЛАТИНСКИ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Vanya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

АТАНАС ДАЛЧЕВ И ПОСТАПОФАТИЧНОТО ИЗКУСТВО

Author(s): Ivo Bratanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

ЛЕКСИЧЕСКИЕ И СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАЛЛЕЛИ В ОБОЗНАЧЕНИИ ВРЕМЕНИ В БОЛГАРСКИХ ГОВОРАХ И СЛАВЯНСКИХ ГОВОРАХ КАРПАТ

Author(s): Mikhail Kondratenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2022

The article examines the peculiarities of the designation of time periods in the Bulgarian dialects and in the Ukrainian dialects of the Carpathian region, mainly from the point of view of the specifics of dialect segmentation of this semantic sphere and the principles of nomination. The lexical material of the Ukrainian dialects of the Carpathians and dialects of the Bulgarian language allows us to identify within the framework of the article some semantic models and shifts that exist in time designations: orientation in the names of months to phenological cycles and periods of work; perception of the concept of "time" displayed by vocabulary as a favorable or unfavorable time for any activity or life in general; nomination of morning as the appearance of daylight or a period of time slightly removed in the past from the moment of speech; borrowings are also noted as part of the vocabulary denoting time in its various manifestations. Based on the analysis of dictionaries of the Carpathian-Ukrainian and Bulgarian dialects, it is concluded that this vocabulary represents semantic models of names of time periods that have parallels in other Slavic and some non-Slavic languages. Taking into account the wide distribution in the linguistic territory of Slavia, as well as beyond its borders, it is possible to assume the status of these models as semantic archetypes, represented in their totality in the Carpathian-Ukrainian and Bulgarian dialects.

СЛАВЯНСКАЯ ФАНТАСТИКА В МЕЖФАКУЛЬТЕТСКИХ КУРСАХ МГУ ИМЕНИ М.В. ЛОМОНОСОВА (2013–2020)

Author(s): Elena Nikolaevna Kovtun / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2022

The article shares the author’s experience of teaching interfaculty science fiction (sci-fi) and fantasy lecture courses at Lomonosov Moscow State University, attended by students of all departments. In the period between 2013 and 2020 six such courses were taught, the number of students varying from 250 to 450 each. The courses comprised sci-fi and fantasy theory, sci-fi and fantasy status among other types of fiction narratives, the main stages of Russian and foreign sci-fi and fantasy history, the creative activity of outstanding sci-fi and fantasy writers of the 20th and 21st centuries. Apart from the Russian, West European and North American writers, works by East European (Slavic) authors were thoroughly examined. The article contains neat observations on the degree of Slavic sci-fi and fantasy writers’ popularity among young Russian readers and on the most interesting fiction texts for students. The data obtained through the analysis of the students’ assignments comprise their answers to the questions about their favorite sci-fi writers and books lists, on the reasons of certain fantastic worlds’ attractiveness, on their preferences in sci-fi or fantasy. The article also clarifies the principles of writers and their works selection for the lecture courses, it characterizes the creative activity of Slavic writers and reveals the interrelation between Slavic writers’ fiction works and the general scope of problems discussed at interfaculty sci-fi lecture courses. Taking into account the students’ interest in works by Karel Čapek, Stanislaw Lem, Andrzej Sapkowski and other Slavic authors, we suggest some ideas about the potential structure of a specialized lecture course focusing on science fiction and fantasy in Slavic countries.

ЗА ОБРАЗНИТЕ СРАВНЕНИЯ С ТERTIUM COMPARATIONIS КРАСИВ /ХУБАВ (ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ ВЪРХУ БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК)

Author(s): Mariyana Kartalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The current article’s object of study are similes containing the beautiful/pretty tertium comparationis in their structure. Comparisons known to linguistics as sustainable rather than figurative seem to be the easiest way to understand the contemporary environment and new cultural idioms. Such constructions reveal individuals’ associative thinking, which suggests that the comparisons can be viewed as both language facts and speech facts. The article introduces the lexico-grammatical characteristics of the components under scrutiny, framed by comparative constructions. The goal is to analyze their connotative quality, anthropocentric intentionality, and so on. Bulgarians have a rich associative thinking process that is evident from their use of similes or realia that take up the role of tertium comparationis. This type of thinking is subjected to the development of language, as well as society (introducing of new technologies, realia, appearance of new actors, popular among the contemporary generation, etc.). The research explores one of the main qualities of similes – their idiomatic nature, the possibility of reconsidering the elements that similes consist of. This quality becomes progressively unstable since it comprises the components to which the quality of beautiful/pretty is assigned – i.e. tears, Aphrodite, roses, princesses, the sun, paintings, etc. At the same time, there are many similes that use an illogical image in the role of a comparatum – i.e. worms, goblins, Quasimodo, etc. The current research will show that people focus both on the bad and imperfect qualities of those around them, and also on what is beautiful in their surroundings.

LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF THE WOMAN IN KASHUBIAN, ENGLISH AND POLISH PROVERBS

Author(s): Anna Stachurska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The aim of the article is to show the linguistic and cultural image of a woman on the basis of paremiological material preserved in Kashubian, English and Polish. According to Jędrzejko (1994, p. 159) 'views about women, updated and modified by literature and folklore, are expressed in all sorts of general judgements that attribute positive or negative qualities to them'. We can see that the experience of different cultures is habitually collected and fossilised in proverbs. Additionally, as indicated by Mieder (2004, p. xi) (…) ‘there are no signs that proverbs have outlined their usefulness in modern technological societies either’. That is why proverbs make it possible to understand the character, worldview and also the underlying system of values of a given nation. As such, they are an excellent tool for learning about other cultures. The article discusses the history of paremiology and peremiography of the three languages in question. What is more, the notion of linguistic worldview and the studies carried out worldwide will be discussed. Finally, the author attempts to compare proverbs in which a set of features attributed to a woman has been preserved. To this end, she searches the equivalents of the proverbs in order to find an answer to the question of possible convergent observations testifying to the proximity or distinctiveness of the indicated cultures

TOPONYMICKÉ KOMPONENTY V ČESKÝCH, SRBOCHORVATSKÝCH A BULHARSKÝCH PŘIROVNÁNÍCH

Author(s): Pavel Krejčí / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3/2023

The text presents the toponyms in the role of components of the Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian and Czech phraseological units, which have the form of a stable comparison. Traditionally, a comparison – whether idiomatized (established) or non-idiomatized – has a semantic structure that can be expressed by the formula Cd – R – Tc – c – Ct, where Cd (comparandum) is a referential expression usually in the subject position, given a specific context, R (relator) is a relational expression (usually a verb) that gives the idiom the character of a predicate, Tc (tertium comparationis) denotes a property, which Cd and Ct have in common (Tc often merges with R), c (comparator) is a formal feature signalling a general relation of similarity (as, in Czech usually jako/jak, in Serbo-Croatian kao/k'o, poput, in Bulgarian като, колкото, сякаш) and Ct (comparatum) is a generalised and usually known model, prototype, standard to which the contextually given referent of Cd is related in terms of its similarity (Čejka, 1992, p. 34 – 35, cf. also Filipec, Čermák, 1985, pp. 217 – 218). The toponymic component is usually part of the comparatum. From the point of view of the syntactic structure we have identified two main types of comparatum: 1. simple comparatum (comp. = toponym, e.g. Bulg. стар като Ерусалим, S.-Cr. velik kao Velebit, Cz. vyprahlý jako Sahara) and 2. complex comparatum (comp. = structure containing a toponym), which has three different forms: prep+TOP (e.g. Cz. je tam zima jako v Rusku), Subst+prep+TOP (e.g. Bulg. оправям работата колкото Бамо в Троян) and Verb[+Subst]+prep+TOP (e.g. S.-Cr. kao da je došao iz Tunguzije).

ФУТБОЛНАТА ЛЕКСИКА В ИНТЕРНЕТ СТАТИИТЕ ЗА СВЕТОВНОТО ПЪРВЕНСТВО В КАТАР

Author(s): Vladimir Dosev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The present study aims to describe the origin of the specific football vocabulary used in the modern Bulgarian media language. The football vocabulary used in internet articles about the World Cup in Qatar 2022 has been studied. Various ways of enriching the football vocabulary and phraseology in the modern Bulgarian language are discussed: lexical loanwords, word-formation and phraseological calques, rethinking of vocabulary already existing in the Bulgarian language. Lexical loanwords from English are the most characteristic way of providing football-specific lexis. Most of the football vocabulary in Bulgarian is borrowed from English, which is also the case in many European languages. The forming of new derivatives from the loan lexis is one of the main ways of providing the necessary football vocabulary. The article explores also the use of metaphorically reinterpreted vocabulary from other semantic fields. The usage of metaphors in the headlines is very characteristic for the Bulgarian articles about football. Language has turned into a powerful marketing tool for the football media. Catchy headlines often prompt the reader to click on the link and to read the whole article. The applied methods of the research are descriptive and discourse analysis. The object are journalistic articles about the Football World Cup published online in November and December 2022.

АНТРОПОЦЕНТРИЧЕСКИЙ ХАРАКТЕР ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЭВФЕМИЗМОВ В СЛАВЯНСКИХ ЯЗЫКАХ

Author(s): Olena Voytseva,Natalia Demianenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of euphemistic phraseological units used to nominate topics significant for native speakers of Slavic languages such as birth and death, the human body, age, physiology, diseases, and human vices, as well as their dynamics, semantic and functional characteristics. The studied phraseological units related to non-linguistic phenomena are part of an anthropocentric paradigm and represent a public ban on pronouncing certain nominations in a particular language group. The object of this study are verbal and nominal phraseological units in the system of Slavic languages denoting concepts, phenomena and actions replacing words prohibited for extra-linguistic reasons and having a pronounced anthropocentric character. The purpose of the work is a comparative semantic-functional analysis of phraseological euphemisms in Slavic languages. It is emphasized that phraseological euphemisms replace words denoting concepts, phenomena and actions that are considered taboo for the Slavs, whose history dates back to the distant past of the Slavic peoples. They were originally associated with religious faith, fear of the gods, supernatural beings, nature, magical thinking and the deep conviction about the interdependence between the thing and the name. Comparative semantic and functional analysis of euphemistic phraseological units reveals coincident nominations in different Slavic languages and differences in phraseological units containing standards that replace certain words and expressions denoting objects and phenomena that nowadays replace not taboo entities, but linguistic units perceived in the language collective as non-tactful, rude or vulgar.

SPECIFICS OF VERBAL VALENCE IN TERMS OF ITS PERCEPTION BY SPEAKERS (PSYCHOLINGUISTIC EXPERIMENT)

Author(s): Olesia Sulyma / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The article provides an in-depth study of the valence of verbal vocabulary in terms of selection of positions that are open to distributors. The purpose of the article is to outline the specifics of valence of actional and processual verbs in and out of context, to establish the minimum and maximum number of open verb positions in different contexts through a targeted associative experiment. The object of analysis are the verbs of actional and processual semantics, which appear in personal and impersonal meanings or combine these properties: вирувати (to eddy), заливати (to flood), зацвітати (to bloom), икати (to hiccup), казати (to say), клекотіти (to roar), котитися (to roll), переконувати (to persuade), ревіти (to howl), розливатися (to spill), свистіти (to whistle), сніжити (to snow), чавкати (to smack). It has been established that verbs of processual semantics require more dependent components, and this trend is observed with verbs that have lost their actional seme and moved to the class of processual ones. A small number of open valence positions has been established, which corresponds to the traditional scientific division, in particular, of the verb світати (to dawn), but most reactions suggest the presence of an additional number of distributors compared to the scientific division by valence characteristics. Verbs that scientists mainly classify as monovalent with a wide potential for transformation into divalent, respondents ranked as divalent or trivalent, which makes it possible to finally change the traditional division of verbs into groups based on valence features. A small number of the identified open fourth position of verb lexemes indicates the inconsistency of its allocation for direct communication.

НАЧАЛНИТЕ СТИХОВЕ В СЛОВО О ПЪЛKОУ ИГОРЕВѢ. ИГОРѦ СЫНА СВѦТЪСЛАВЛѦ. ВНОУКА ОЛЬГОВА В ПРЕВОДИТЕ НА БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Dmitro Gerginov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

This article presents a comparison of the opening verses of the famous anonymous work of ancient Russian literature, The Tale of Igor’s Campaign, translated into Bulgarian by four different translators in the course of more than a century: Efrem Karanov (1898), Lyudmil Stoyanov (1954), Kiril Kadiyski (1985), and Krasimir Georgiev (2015). The main goal is to analyze the changes in translation decisions and identify any possible deviations from the source text. Special attention is paid to the strategies employed by the translators to convey the meaning of several challenging passages in the ancient text. The present study considers some issues in the process of translation such as the use of different clause construction: the difference between number in the original text and their number in the translated one; the separation of one sentence into two in the process of translation, as well as the free use of punctuation marks by the translators. What is also analyzed is the problem of title translation from an old Russian language into a language comprehensible to any reader contemporary with the translators. The lack of an original, the impossible dating of the work, the unknown author and other elements of the work gave a certain freedom of the translators to express their own style.

СИМВОЛИЗМЪТ И СМИРНЕНСКИ

Author(s): Cvetan Rakiovski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article examines the influence of symbolist aesthetics on the poetry of Hristo Smirnenski. The author combines the high stylistics of symbolism with the social theme – this is how the exquisite expression decorates the stories of social outsiders (urban tyrants, soldiers, prostitutes, street musicians). The poet calls them “children of the city” and portrays them in contrast with another type of social character – Homo Faber, the people of production (workers, blacksmiths, stonemasons, charcoal burners). These are the two types of city characters. The first one is called a swashbuckling hero and represents the victim – poor, sick, blind, and hungry, while the second one is the person of struggle – the person of rebellion who is ready to transform the “old world”. One of the greatest strengths of Smirnenski’s poetry is its expression of pathos, which is not only loaded with social density, but also adorned with striking and complex epithets. The fictional universe of this young author is replete with recurring elements of symbolism – nocturnal or mostly evening landscapes, strange topoi, glamorous shop windows, mournful music, fiery looks, etc. Additionally, the works are characterized by the typical of Smirnenski brilliant poetic parody. He parodies everything – politics and politicians, love, human vices, etc. The article also draws attention to the reciting energy of Smirnenski’s poems, which is not generated by the literary qualities of the text, but by the emotion and expectation of the listener – in this case the category of the reader is missing.