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Comparative literature facilitates a thorough understanding of themes and motifsin the context of the culture of both literatures, namely what has been preserved andwhat has been borrowed, and how these themes and motifs create a uniquesymbiosis in poems charged with religious, demonic meanings, or containing acomplexio oppositorum that gives them that distinctive, masterpiece note. Thearticle proposes to identify the similarities between English and Romanian lyrics,and above all, those poems in which the echo of the English romantics resonatedmost strongly, as well as those subtleties that cannot be discovered without athorough study, on the text, where the influences are not left hard to discover,because some poems perfectly infuse with the essence of English lyricism, going asfar as the coincidence of the title: the famous Byronic hero Conrad, the dark demon,an alter ego of the great English Lord. But a thorough study is necessary and even vital where the influences are not coincidental and where we have to look atcomparative theory in relation to other social or historical principles, such as thepoetry of Shelley or Keats.
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Selon Louis Porcher […] il ne faut pas séparer la langue et la civilisation, car « aucun trait de civilisation n’existe indépendamment de la langue » (PORCHER, 1982) et la langue est un porteur de la culture et de la civilisation. De ce fait, l’enseignement de la langue et la civilisation doivent se mener de pair. (https://arlap.hypotheses.org/3571)
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Against numerous, more or less favourable backgrounds, education is among the many fields of activity always changing for progress, as it is designed so as to meet the needs of society. For some decades now, and even more to come, the main trigger for change has been technology. Being acknowledged for its immediate benefits, such as effort and time saving or enjoying the convenience of accessing wide-open resources, digital technology has considerably influenced all interested stakeholders’ perspective on education. This article aims to present the role that digital technology tools play, not only in addressing the teaching challenges inherent in the aftermath of the COVID-19, but also in engaging and empowering students attending the English for Economics and Business Communication seminar at the Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE Bucharest). Many of the approaches used in what was called hybrid, blended, asynchronous or semi-synchronous teaching and learning currently prove to be useful tools in bridging the digital world with the physical one, with the purpose of driving engagement, avoiding info dumping, diversifying assessment means, all in all providing interactive experiences for both teachers and learners.
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Comics have a very old and interesting history, dating back to around the 18th century. Since the 1970s, a period of acceptance of its role as an educational tool has begun. Comics, according to many theorists and educators, not only tell the story of creatures with supernatural powers, but also have the power to transmit knowledge. This article will examine the possible use of comics as a pedagogical medium in the EFL classroom. In particular, we will look at its functions and practicality in the learning of French as a foreign language.
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In this article, we have chosen to observe the functioning of citational practices through theanalysis of a corpus of articles published in satirical newspapers written in French andRomanian. In fact, satirical discourse most often presents uses of quotation sometimesconsidered "deviant" in the sense that it subverts the norms: the role attributed to directdiscourse is different, the sources cited are chosen and named according to particularcriteria, the methods of inserting the quoted discourse into the quoting discourse transgressusual practices. In the articles taken into consideration, the purpose of this diversion is thetriggering of laughter through the degradation, the distortion of reality. Our analysis willexamine the sources of laughter through the nuanced observation of the uses of citationalpractices identified in the corpus, in an equally comparative and complementary approach
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The current paper discusses the topic of business to consumer interaction in the postCOVID era. It briefly reviews key literature on aspects related to business communicationpractices and trends, and analyses a corpus of customer reviews selected from leadingonline e-commerce sites to see how customers interact with service/product providers toexpress satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The analysis will try to identify how the languageused reflects the relation between participants, their credibility or lack of credibility in frontof each other, and whether such aspects may be said to influence online sales trends
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The paper is a commentary formulated as a reflection on the argumentative sequence established by Gérard Genette in his study Boundaries of Narrative. Genette mentions Parmenides as one of the writers excluded from Aristotle’s “Poetics” because they ignore the representational function of poetry. The aim of the paper is to recapitulate the general poetic background of Parmenides’ epic poem and then to verify how valid is Genette’s inclusion of Parmenides among the writers of direct expression.
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Gotika je první umělecký styl, který utvářel všechna tehdy stávající umění. Tak tomu bylo alespoň v českých zemích. Nesl sice jisté znaky jednoduchosti, ale na druhé straně přinesl mnohé, co má dodnes trvalou a platnou hodnotu. Josef Čapek byl dokonce přesvědčen o jedinečnosti a výlučnosti gotiky: „gotika opravdu není dětským uměním, po kterém se vyvinula pozdější umělecká období k větší dokonalosti, neboť její vyspělá vědomá uzákoněnost a její formové znalosti nebyly žádným stylem předstiženy“ (Čapek 1958: 77). Josef Čapek při formulování této myšlenky měl nepochybně na mysli zejména gotickou architekturu a výtvarné umění, jeho slova platí však i pro literaturu.
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The paper deals with the issue of capitalization in the handwritten Book of Testimonies of Bojkovice (1630–1721). The author focuses on nouns and adjectives and the evaluation is based on lexical meaning. The results deepen the understanding of the tendencies of the writing of majuscules in manuscripts.
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The study focuses on the linguistic work of Lubomír Doležel, a Czech – Canadian philologists and theoretician. This part of the author’s oeuvre can be demarcated historically by the 1950s and 1960s and also methodologically by Marxist linguistics, structuralist linguistics and literary theory, and mathematical linguistics. The study declares and analyses the development of the author’s approach to linguistic inquiry – starting from his general linguistic thought and moving towards the application of structuralist and mathematical methods for the purpose of the analysis of style, which ultimately led the author to the articulation of essential methodological axioms of his further literary theoretical work.
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In aphasic persons speaking Czech, I verify the following assumption established by Jakob et al. (2011): the more speech-limited an aphasic person is, the more gestures he/she produces during the interpretation of a story. It was found that the number of words produced by aphasic persons varies, partially dependent on the specific type of aphasia. This is particularly true on both ends of the scale – people with large speech distortion use the highest quantity of gestures, people with low speech distortion use gestures to a lesser extent. Within the classification of semantic gestures, I focus particularly on iconic and deictic gestures. In addition, I presume that symbolic gestures (i.e., emblems) do not occur in aphasic persons’ speech, because aphasic persons prefer gestures that display the plot in the most concrete way. My data correlate with other studies dealing with this topic – aphasic persons do use gestures intentionally to substitute for their verbal deficiency. At the same time, they mostly use very concrete (iconic) gestures, which enable them to transmit a large volume of information
More...Hoffmannová, J. – Jílková, L. – Kaderka, P. (eds.). Dialog a mluvená čeština. Výbor z textů, Olga Müllerová. Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny 2022
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Serbian manuscripts played a major role in the development of South Slavic Service Menaion based on the Typikon of Jerusalem, which had been introduced in Byzantium in the second half of the 13th century. The oldest Church Slavic Menaia of the Jerusalem type appeared on Mount Athos in the second or third decade of the 14th century. They are all of Serbian origin. In the 1330’s and 1340’s, the Menaion reached Macedonian lands, which were part of the Kingdom of Serbia. It spread further across Bulgarian lands by the mid-14th c., and was to become the only type of hymnographic book in South Slavic lands by the end of the same century.
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The article deals with the current situation of German minority teaching in Poland. The current situation is explored from the perspective of the thirty-year development of the German minority language in the Polish school system on the formal legal, social and didactic level. In principle, the focus of the analysis is placed on educational aspects. Accordingly, a redefinition of the German minority language in the didactic frame of reference and the processing of a corresponding textbook are declared necessary.
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The article characterizes the existence of literature as a basic kind of art that is closelyconnected with people’s lives. Its professional creator is a writer who often draws attention to unusual interpersonal relationships in his texts. Slovak novelist Peter Andruška (1943) in his cycle of short stories Ballads for Father and Tree (1984) describes the healthy and questionable aspects of everyday life in the background of individual human destinies (especially from the family aspect); writes about the traits of the characters and describes their various actions. On the basis of these attributes, the world of the Imroch family (especially the father and three sons with their wives), who live their lives with adequate joys and problems, opens up to discursive readers. The text also uses excerpts from prototexts and metatexts of important literary theorists, which outline individual theoretical and inspirational starting points for the objective-subjective interpretation of this concrete prose.
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A Novel of Production was an important stage in the Hungarian prose turn. The Introduction to Literature and Esterházy’s later works, which could be interpreted as a further reflection on it, were rearranged in a direction in which the unresolved dilemmas already indicated came to the fore. The questions of the integrity of the personality and the relationship between personality and community came to the forefront of the horizon of the writer’s approach. The question is not unrelated to the context of spatial existence, because one of the burning issues of the post-regime change world is the question of self-interpretation of identity. Esterházy’s She Loves Me can be related to contemporary Hungarian and world literature that simultaneously posits the inability of the grand narrative and the self-identical narrative subject to function, linking this to the problem of the literary representation of gender roles. It is composed of ninety-seven short chapters, in which only the numbering shows a building character, since there is no narrative progression. The title is repeated in almost every short section, which may give the reader a sense of the hopelessness of constantly trying again. At the same time, the repetitive structure and the inherent differences and spatio-temporal shifts may lead the reader to rethink the fixed structures stuck in the tradition, which are no longer suitable for reinterpreting the integrity of identity and interactivity with the other.
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This paper discusses the adverbial values of relative clauses in the French language. Namely, relative clauses can express meanings analogous to those expressed by adverbial clauses (causal, consequential, permissive, temporal, negotiated, intentional), which is largely recognized in the literature related to the French language. However, it seems that in the literature dealing with the Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian languages, there is a lack of more detailed consideration of this phenomenon, which would allow a broader insight into the peculiarities of such relative clauses. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to look at the most important syntactic-semantic and contextual conditions in which this phenomenon occurs, and to consider the importance of its correct recognition when translating into Serbian / Croatian / Bosnian. In the introductory part of the paper, the goals and methodological procedures are explained. In the theoretical part, a review is given of the research of the mentioned phenomenon in the literature. The third, main part of the work, contains the analysis of the examples from the corpus, while in the fourth part the main conclusions resulting from the analysis are presented.
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The aim of this paper was to critically reflect on the results of previous research on the effects of task complexity on various aspects of written performance in a foreign language and deepen the knowledge about the ways of manipulating different task conditions. Also, the goal was to gain a better understanding of the measurement variables used to quantify syntactic complexity and grammatical accuracy. According to Robinson's model, the most prominent model for the effect of task complexity on performance, a more complex task will result in greater syntactic complexity and grammatical accuracy, because attention resources are primarily directed towards the functional needs of task performance. The significance of this model, compared to others, is reflected in the seemingly clear distinction between cognitive factors on the one hand, and all other possible factors influencing the outcomes in spoken/written performance. Although it is difficult to dispute the influence of task complexity on written performance in a foreign language, numerous studies on the mentioned issue have resulted in very different and mutually contradictory conclusions. The reasons can be found in inconsistencies in methodological procedures, inconsistent manipulation of the implemented resource-directing variables, an extremely large number of different measurement variables, and the unconducted evaluation of differences in cognitive complexity between tasks in a larger number of studies. The theoretical importance of this paper is primarily reflected in the need to establish clear criteria for the design of pedagogical tasks of different complexity, and consequently, a positive effect on the syntactic complexity and accuracy of written performance in a foreign language.
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This work analyses the usefulness of collaborative translation carried out during a workshop held at the University of Turin. First, the concept of collaborative translation is defined and the advantages and disadvantages associated with this type of translation are discussed. Then, the digital tools used are introduced and some of the translation problems encountered are presented. The main conclusion of this article is that, even if collaborative translation has some disadvantages, the resulting advantages are more important. Moreover, even some of the disadvantages it presents (for example the difficulty in finding a common point of view, the difference in translation styles etc.), it familiarises students to mediate constructively and to open their minds.
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