Series:CEEOL COLLECTION related to BYZANTINE EMPIRE - OTTOMAN EMPIRE - TURKEY

Byzantine Cultural History

Byzantinische Kulturgeschichte

Author(s): Heinrich Gelzer / Language(s): German

Keywords: Byzanz;

The Byzantine Empire was judged extremely harshly in earlier times, and Byzantinism is considered by us to be the technical expression for a servile tail-wagging. According to the view of the time, Byzantium was the epitome of all wickedness and depravity. However, thanks to the penetrating research work of the past generation, as it was carried out by the leading men among the Byzantinists - I mention among the French: Cardinal Pitra, Rambaud de l'Institut, Legrand, G. Schlumberger de l'Institut, Duchesne de l 'Institut, Diehl, RP Louis Petit 0. SA, Omont, among the Germans: Cardinal Hergenroether, Gass, Ehrhard, Krumbacher, Treu, de Boor, among the English: Finlay, Bury, among the Austrians: Miklosich, Müller, Jirecek, among the Russians: Veselovsky, Vasilievsky, Golubinsky, Durnowo, among the Greeks: Hatzidakis, Lambros, etc. - at least among the more highly educated, the thick fog of limited and dull prejudices gradually began to dissipate. So in the past generation a completely new picture of the medieval Greek state on the Bosporus, which has been cleared of the stale prejudices and which is vastly different from the previous one, has emerged. (introduction)

History of the Ottoman Empire

Histoire de l'Empire Ottoman

Author(s): Théophile Lavallée / Language(s): French

Keywords: Ottoman Empire;

The events taking place in the East today (1855!) are the continuation and the consequence of the revolutions which have agitated this part of the world for several centuries. To fully understand the facts which are being accomplished before our eyes, to fully appreciate the mission and the rights of France in the current war, to even prejudge the outcome and the results, as well as the influence that it must have on the destinies of Europe, one must know, not in its details, which are of little interest to the peoples of the West, but in its broad features, its general results, its most important revolutions, the history of formation, of the greatness of the decline of the Ottoman Empire; you need to have a clear idea of the institutions, customs, races, peoples, religions of this empire, made up of so many different elements; even the geography of these poorly known countries must be unraveled. Finally, France has not ceased, since ancient times, even before the Crusades, to have relations, interests and sympathies with the East; at times she played a leading role; it has exercised, at all times, a beneficent and civilizing influence: one must know this history of the relations of France with the Ottoman Empire, a history almost entirely ignored, full of lessons and glorious memories, and which gives, by national tradition, the key to current events. // Such is the object of this book, which is, not the learned, detailed history of the Ottoman Empire, with the tedious account of its palace revolutions and its provincial rebellions, but the succinct account of events Europeans of this history, this history reduced to the facts which interest a French reader, finally, if one can express it thus, a view of the Ottoman Empire taken from France.

Medicine, Superstition, and Sexual Life in Turkey (Vol I)

Medizin, Aberglaube und Geschlechtsleben in der Türkei (Vol I)

Author(s): Bernhard Stern-Szana / Language(s): German

This work consists of 57 chapters in six larger parts; of these six I dedicate three to the history of medicine and doctors in Turkey, to pharmacy and cosmetics, therapeutic baths and hospitals, bungling and folk medicine in all diseases, fever and water cures, epidemics, and finally superstition in the world Medicine; the other three parts deal with love, marriage in Islam, sultanic marriages and weddings, the power of women in the Ottoman Empire, the wedding customs of the peoples in Turkey, the intimate sex life and sexual degeneracy, finally mother and child.

Medicine, Superstition, and Sexual Life in Turkey (Vol II)

Medizin, Aberglaube und Geschlechtsleben in der Türkei (Vol II)

Author(s): Bernhard Stern-Szana / Language(s): German

This work consists of 57 chapters in six larger parts; of these six I dedicate three to the history of medicine and doctors in Turkey, to pharmacy and cosmetics, therapeutic baths and hospitals, bungling and folk medicine in all diseases, fever and water cures, epidemics, and finally superstition in the world Medicine; the other three parts deal with love, marriage in Islam, sultanic marriages and weddings, the power of women in the Ottoman Empire, the wedding customs of the peoples in Turkey, the intimate sex life and sexual degeneracy, finally mother and child.

Kaiser Wilhelm II and the Byzantines

Kaiser Wilhelm II. und die Byzantiner

Author(s): Ernst Graf zu Reventlow / Language(s): German

This work was already finished when „Hohenlohe‘s Memorabilia“ appeared; they were therefore neither used to characterize the emperor nor to those of his surroundings. After the part of the content of the memorabilia known to me, they give me no cause for corrections; on the contrary, they confirm many aspects which I could develop only on the basis of conclusions and as hypotheses. The conversations between Prince Hohenlohe and the Emperor after the fall of Bismarck, especially those in 1894 and earlier the conversation about the national monument, provide fully valid proof of the correctness of my assumptions. It is up to the reader to find and compare the numerous other points of contact and coverings from Hohenlohe's memorabilia.

Europe and the Ottoman Empire. Current Aspects of the Eastern Question

L’Europe et l’Empire Ottoman. Les Aspects actuels de la Question d’Orient

Author(s): René Pinon / Language(s): French

Europe, bruised in the Far East by Japanese victories, grappling at home with the unknown of great social upheavals, rocked by the ever-appealing visions of universal peace, could it one day soon find itself? face to face with the always formidable reality of an acute crisis of the question of the East? This is the question we would like this book to answer. And if predicting is always, in politics, a temerity, at least we would like that at the end of these pages, the reader takes away some clear ideas on the causes which could determine a new crisis of the question of the East, on the conditions under which it would develop, on the attitude that the great European powers and the small Balkan states would be led to adopt.

Europe and Young Turkey. New Aspects of the Eastern Question

L’Europe et la Jeune Turquie. Les Aspects nouveaux de la Question d’Orient

Author(s): René Pinon / Language(s): French

Keywords: Anglo-German rivalry; Turkish Revolution; annexation of Bosnia; Albanian question; Balkan confederation;

This book is composed according to the same method as L'Europe et l‘Empire ottoman; we will not find a complete and chronological account of the events, but a series of tables which complement each other and which tend to explain rather than to relate the facts, to group them, to show the links which unite them. and which link them to each other to form the fabric of history. Hence the plan we adopted. // In an Introduction, we show in „The Rivalry of Germany and England“ the general fact which dominates all the politics of our time, which mixes with all events to poison and distort them and which is found in bottom of all the political crises whose succession agitates Europe periodically. It is European rivalries which dramatize local quarrels and which give them unexpected repercussions; often it is even they who provoke them.

The German Railway-Constructions in Turkey. Their Political, Military and Economic value

Die deutschen Bahn-Bauten in der Türkei. Ihr politischer, militärischer und wirtschaftlicher Wert

Author(s): Richard Hennig / Language(s): German

Keywords: Berlin-Bagdad;

the booklet is printed in German Fraktura typesetting -

The New Turkey and its Development from 1908 to 1915

Die neue Türkei und ihre Entwicklung von 1908 bis 1915

Author(s): Heinrich Zimmerer / Language(s): German

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The Turkish Army and its Development

Die türkische Heeresmacht und ihre Entwicklung

Author(s): Heinrich Karl Abraham Imhoff / Language(s): German

The following is a brief presentation without numbers or tables. The decisive factor was the desire to give the reader, who today has to deal with a huge amount of material, a picture of the development of the Turkish army in a compact space without tireing him out with factual details, although the material often leads to debauchery in both military and technical terms tempted. For those readers who want to dig deeper, refer to the main sources (page 24), to the works of v. Hammer, Zinkeisen, Ritter von Sachs, etc., also referred to the publications in the "Militär-Wochenblatt" from 1908 onwards.

Constantinople from the Origins to the Present Day

Constantinople depuis les origines jusqu’à nos jours

Author(s): Georges Young / Language(s): French

Keywords: Yildiz; Abdul Hamid; Phanar;

Young, and this is not the least of his merits, emphasizes the role of economic factors in history. In the clan struggles, the Crusades, the conflict between Turks and Greeks, he distinguishes an economic background which gives a singular force to his argument. // A very important place is reserved in the book for the contemporary history of the city and, more generally, of Turkey. And there, Georges Young ceases to be only a historian to retrace for us a number of personal memories which make this part of his book very engaging. // Finally, a great idea dominates his work. Constantinople, a Christian city, will become Christian again one day. The phenomena that others present as signs of decline are, on the contrary, for Young only symptoms of national renaissance. Not that he despises the Turks! Far from there. But the Turks, in his view, were never in their place in Constantinople. Mustapha Kemal understood it well who transferred the capital of the Turkish Republic to Ankara. And it was in the face of this beginning of a solution to the 'old Question of the Orient that Georges Young made the reader take leave of Constantinople. (the editor)

The Empire of the Levant. History of the Eastern Question

L'Empire du Levant. Histoire de la Question d’Orient

Author(s): René Grousset / Language(s): French

The history of the Eastern Question does not begin, as is too often believed, in the seventeenth century. To be intelligible, it must go from the Hellenic period to current events. // In this perspective, I have sought to follow the evolution of the borders - spirituals and politicals - between Europe and Asia. // I define Europe: all the countries heirs to Hellenic culture. The first time that the European spirit became aware of itself, it was in Greece, in the fifth century BC. It arose by opposing the Asians in these days of Marathon and Salamis who, by consecrating the liberty of Hellas, were found to have assured for eight centuries the independence of the Greek genius, that is to say, the appearance of the European spirit. Since then, the notion of a Europe has continued to expand and expand, without, however, the initial data changing too radically. The Roman Empire was the integration of Latinity and, through it, of the entire Western world into Greek civilization. Medieval Christianity was the accession to this same culture of the Germanic world and the Slavic world. The nearer times, finally, represent the return of the civilization thus elaborated to its spiritual sources, the rebirth of the Greek scientific spirit in modern science.

Byzantine Architecture

ВИЗАНТИЙСКАТА АРХИТЕКТУРА

Author(s): Nikola Mavrodinov / Language(s): French

Nikola Mavrodinov was born on November 2, 1904 in Tutrakan. His father Petar Mavrodinov was a prominent Bulgarian educator and public figure, and his uncle Nikola Mavrodinov was a famous publisher of his time. Nikola Mavrodinov graduated in art history and archeology in Liège, Belgium (1928). Assistant at the National Museum in Sofia (1931 - 1934). Curator at the same museum (1934 - 1944). Director of the Archaeological Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (1944 - 1949). Professor of Art History at the Higher Institute of Civil Engineering in Sofia (1954 - 1958), in History of Bulgarian Art at the Higher Institute of Fine Arts in Sofia (1955 - 1958). Corresponding Member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences since 1946. Full member of the Bulgarian Archaeological Institute since 1939. Died on February 28, 1958 in Sofia.

History of Byzantium. Vol I (395-518)

ИСТОРІЯ ВИЗАНТІИ Томъ I (395-518)

Author(s): Julian Andriejewič Kulakowskij / Language(s): Russian

History of Byzantium. Vol II (518-602)

ИСТОРІЯ ВИЗАНТІИ Томъ II (518-602)

Author(s): Julian Andriejewič Kulakowskij / Language(s): Russian

History of Byzantium. Vol III (602 - 717)

ИСТОРІЯ ВИЗАНТІИ Томъ III (602 - 717)

Author(s): Julian Andriejewič Kulakowskij / Language(s): Russian

Byzantine Studies

Byzantinische Studien

Author(s): Ferdinand Hirsch / Language(s): German

Keywords: Theodosios Melitenos: Julios Polydeuces; Theophanes; Symeon magister; Johannes Scylitzes; Constantinos Manasses; Michael Glycas;

Since the author was not only concerned with discussing the, so to speak, external circumstances of the chronicles (scope, author, time of writing, dependence on other sources), but since he also made an effort above all to keep the original sources In order to recognize the character, the credibility and the value of their representations, he subjected the content of the same to a more special examination and he hopes to have determined a number of facts of Byzantine history more precisely and put them in a more correct light, especially the chronological ones Circumstances subjected to a more careful revision. The inconvenience that was unavoidable in the arrangement of the whole, namely that some points were dealt with several times in different places on the occasion of the individual authors who report on them, he hopes to have made up for by the index that follows at the end.

History of Byzantine and Modern Greek Literature

Geschichte der byzantinischen und neugriechischen Litteratur

Author(s): Karl Dieterich / Language(s): German

The strongly oriental-tinged Christianity was combined with the rationalistic nature of the Byzantines and, in its penetration with that, produced the very peculiar structure of the Greek-oriental culture in religion, art and poetry. Theology takes on a subtle dogmatic character through its mingling with the elements of sophistry, and the joy in unfruitful speculation gains a wide space in intellectual life; the spiritual poetry, which has long been in the foreground of literature, itself takes on a dogmatic-rationalist flavor. To the same extent that profane poetry loses its national basis, it assumes a purely scholarly character, supported by the rationalistic Zeitgeist; their relationship to antiquity is maintained purely externally, while their innermost being is determined by the spirit of the Orient. This penetrated more and more into the Byzantine culture and gradually alienated it from the Occident completely. Byzantium becomes an outpost of the Orient.

History of Modern Turkey

Geschichte der türkischen Moderne

Author(s): Paul Horn / Language(s): German

Keywords: Modern Turkey;

So far, the Occident has only learned about the modern literature of the Turks from occasional articles in magazines. It is not yet time to write a detailed account of them, but it is worthwhile and even obligatory for a collection that includes the "Literatures of the East" to describe their development up to the present in a little more detail than has been done up to now. wants to include. However, a brief outline will suffice for the time being, in accordance with the current state of affairs. The fact that it follows Byzantium and Greece will not come as a surprise. A presentation of the entire Turkish literature would have belonged in the sixth volume (Persia and Arabia), but Turkish modernism alone no longer fits in with Asia, only with Europe. And there the bond with Byzantium offered her the most natural accommodation.