Abbreviation list
Lista abrevierilor
Keywords: abbreviations
Abbreviation list of works and periodicals
More...Keywords: abbreviations
Abbreviation list of works and periodicals
More...Keywords: witches; women; witch hunts; patriarchy; sexuality; victims
Although it focuses on the 17th century witch hunt, the play Vinegar Tom actually dramatises historical degradation of women and their ultimate demonization in the form of witches. Challenging the official version of the story of ‘witches’, Caryl Churchill reveals the truth about them as “old, poor, single, or sexually unconventional” women (Churchill, 1985). Following her lead, our intention was to reveal and elaborate on how female sexuality, transgressive imagination and healing skills became a threat to the Church and its dogma, and how this triple threat actually represents a set of three most common accusations against the witches. Furthermore, in the style of new historicist literary approach, we will try to relate this horrendous attack on women with the rise of capitalism and Protestantism, two repressive ideologies that not only legitimized this misogynist campaign but planned it and organized it on the state level. What makes this play significant even today is its contemporariness which is underlined, among other things, by the direct address to audience and the use of modern dresses on stage. Thus, our concluding point would be that every historical period has its own “witches” – be it entire races, groups or individual dissidents
More...Keywords: translation; The Master and Margarita; transcoding the text
In our work, we were examining the quality of the translation of Bulgakov’s Master and Margarita into Serbian language. We did it selectively, by using comparative analysis, on certain examples from this novel. Our opinion was that, while translating, an original code as a result of translating process had to be kept, i.e., potential material errors should be avoided. We agreed that a translator, apart from knowing original and target languages, has to be competent for textual analysis of the original, literature competence for interpreting of artistic texts, as well as being familiar with non-linguistic situation to which it is directed in the original. Wider knowledge of Bulgakov’s work helped the translators in successful pre-coding and stylistic compensation in examined cases. While analyzing two translations of Bulgakov’s novel (by Milan Čolic and Zlata Kocić), we indicated where the translators failed to avoid material errors, but also where they managed to accomplish creative type of translating
More...Keywords: Radomir Konstantinović; radio drama; esthetics of radio drama; Beckett
This paper begins with an overview of literary work of Radomir Konstantinović. The experimental character of his novels demonstrates the specificity of his literary modus operandi, as a unique phenomenon in Serbian literary scene during the fifth decade of the 20th century. His work will mark a turning point in the transition from modernism to postmodernism. His radio dramas, as well, represent a very specific part of his work mostly due to historical position of this genre. Since his radio dramas are first fully published in 2019. this paper traces a path for further research in this area.
More...Keywords: The Last Letters of Jacopo Ortis; European literary context; The Sorrows of Young Werther; comparative analysis
The subject of this paper is the analysis of the first epistolary novel of the Italian literary tradition, The Last Letters of Jacopo Ortis by Ugo Foscolo, work which, thanks to its polyvalent character, both in content and form, occupies a significant place in the rich European literary context. The genre debut of the Italian literary tradition is positioned in a very complex literary panorama in the beginning of the 19th century, as a follower of Rousseau's The New Eloise, Richardson's Pamela, and above all Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther, a work that is its closest European reference point in terms of composition and content. The polyvalent philosophical and artistic character of Foscolo's novel, its content stratification that reflects not only the intimate confession of the individual, but also the collective dilemmas of the then still ununited Italy in the complex cultural-historical mosaic of Europe of that time, however, are not in artistic collision with the unquestionable thematic and formal closeness between Foscolo's novel and its models in the European context - they only testify in a unique way, in a strong metatextual dialogue, complementary to the universal literary-ideological value of The Last Letters of Jacopo Ortis.
More...Keywords: Racism; Ethnocentrisms; Schemata; Deviance; Difference; Threat; Teun Van Dijk; cognitive study
Being some major problems of our contemporary world, racism and ethnocentrism demand persistent critical scrutiny. One oft-neglected aspect of these problems is how such prejudices are shared and communicated among the members of the dominant group. This study examines Lynn Nottage’s Pulitzer Prize-winning play, Sweat (2015), as a dramatic representation of how racism and ethnocentrism are reproduced and communicated as a social cognition. To this aim, the study tries to employ Teun Adrianus Van Dijk’s cognitively-based discourse analysis and focus on some micro-level aspects of racism as a social cognition rather as an abstract historical phenomenon. Contextualizing the play within its socio-historical moment, three trends of schematic attitudes and mental models regarding ethnocentrism, as Van Dijk’s theory outlines are identified from and studied in the play. The findings demonstrate the socio-cognitive dimension of the discourse of racism, particularly the way it is reproduced and communicated among the dominant in-group members. Moreover, the discussion offers some insight on Lynn Nottage’s latest dramatic endeavor in a hard-hitting portrayal of the intersections of race, class, and political economy and in drawing attention to the real meaning of diversity and inclusion in contemporary America.
More...Keywords: analytical causative construction; causality; causator; causatum; proposition; supplementation; appendix
In this paper we will be talking about the verb 'machen' which forms analytical constructions together with infinitives, adjectives and nouns in the German language and, therefore, has causative meaning. The goal is to prove that these constructions are present in contemporary German literature, as well as in translations of contemporary Bosnian literature into German.
More...Keywords: intercultural communicative competence; intercultural encounters; secondary school; EFL; quantitative research; intercultural perspective
Language competence alone is not sufficient for successful intercultural encounters and communication in diverse cultural contexts. These also require intercultural communicative competence, which represents a synergy of positive intercultural attitudes, knowledge and skills. Developing intercultural competences is a lifelong process and its intensity and dynamics are subject to constant change, as is the case with cultures themselves. The aim of contemporary intercultural education is to build an intercultural identity, namely a person’s critical intercultural awareness, sensitivity and intercultural resourcefulness. Intercultural education is based on the fundamental tenets of human dignity and equality, the capacity to comprehend, accept and to respect cultural differences. The aim of this paper is to determine whether (and to what extent) secondary-school EFL students in Serbia possess intercultural competences and sensitivity, as well as whether there are significant differences in intercultural competences depending on gender and the length of learning English. A quantitative study has been carried out with the use of a questionnaire as a research instrument. The results of the study have shown that the students possess developed intercultural competences, sensitivity and awareness of the fact that accepting cultural differences is a prerequisite for establishing successful intercultural links. Research of this type is significant because the students’ intercultural perspective is an important factor in determining the direction taken by their lives, work and further specialization in a multicultural society.
More...Keywords: Pierre Bourdieu; cultural capital; filed; habitus; symbolic violence; vocation; marriage; My Bird; and Things We Left Unsaid
Men’s domination and women’s submissiveness are the principles of patriarchal societies. In Iran’s patriarchal society, Iranian women also submit to men’s power in various fields. This article examines Fariba Vafi’s My Bird and Zoya Pirzad’s Things We Left Unsaid to scrutinize the interrelations between different forms of cultural capital and Iranian women’s subordination in the fields of vocation and marriage. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of practice, the findings of this paper show that Iranian men cause Iranian women to be obedient in the fields of vocation and marriage with the help of institutionalization and habituation of various forms of cultural capital in Iranian women. This article also demonstrates that Iranian women have to eventually submit to the patriarchal culture of Iran despite their access to self-awareness and effort to resist.
More...Keywords: Italian grammaticography; traditional linguistics; generative grammar; valency theory
The aim of this paper is to show the current situation in contemporary Italian grammaticography, i.e., to analyse grammatical models (traditional, generative and dependency model) grammar reference books for different purposes are based on. By means of diachronic and synchronic analysis of grammar reference books, we have examined and showed to what extent traditional theories and terminology are retained, i.e., to what extent generative grammar and valency theory are present.
More...Keywords: Petar II Petrović Njegoš; Italy; Montenegro; travelogues; Savoy - Petrović wedding
The paper examines the presentation of the life and works of Peter II Petrović Njegoš in Italian travelogues published on the occasion of the royal wedding which united the dynasties of Savoy and Petrović in 1896. At that time, a large quantity of travelogues about Montenegro were published in Italian, surpassing the number of those that had been published over the previous two centuries. These books offer rich material for studying the ways in which important figures in Montenegrin history and culture, such as Njegoš, were presented to an Italian readership, as well as for determining the function that these representations had. A thematic approach to these books enables an insight into the discourse that these authors adhered to in their effort to introduce the Italians to one of the famous ancestors of their future queen.
More...Keywords: freedom; norm; metaphysics; antitheism; atheism; theodicy; God; The Grand Inquisitor; The Brothers Karamazov.
This paper analyzes the antitheistic argument of Ivan Karamazov in the context of theodicy. We focus on the chapter The Grand Inquisitor, which, as we demonstrate, represents the ultimate argumentative point of Ivan’s "rebellion" against God. Logical impossibility of justifying evil in the world leads Ivan not only to the conclusion that evil is an unerasable mark of God’s mistake appearing while making his creation (man and the world), but also that the basis of that evil is one of the most appreciated human virtues: freedom. After Alyosha introduces Christ (thesis) into an argument on theodicy, as an instance that can and has the right to forgive evil and thus cancel its effects, Ivan responds with his dialectical counterpart (antithesis): The Grand inquisitor. Synthesis in this dialectical struggle, as we demonstrate, does not lead to any logically acceptable solution. On the contrary. We are left with the paradox: freedom has, at the same time, led to theodicy and to an accusation against Christ.
More...Keywords: Dostoevsky; women; female characters; characterization; gender; epistolary novel; Poor Folk; The Double
This paper analyzes female characters in two early works by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky– Poor Folk (1845, Bednye liudi) and The Double (1846, Dvoinik). It considers the literary methods used to represent those characters, as well as their relation to the male main character and some aspects of gender construction in these works. It is shown that the importance of female characters in these two works is directly connected with their (real or imagined) influence on the male main character. Consequently, a female character can play an important role in the novel even if she doesn’t personally appear in it. Women are fatal for both male characters, albeit for different reasons. Drawing on the research of Neuhäuser (1979), this article shows some further similarities in the basic structure of both works. They share the form of a love affair accompanied by intertextual references, as well as a narrated previous relationship of the male character, both of them serving as an additional explanation of the current love affair. The epistolary form of Poor Folk leads to self-representation being the main way of showing Varvara Dobroselova’s character, while Klara Olsuf’evna of The Double is depicted both from the perspective of the auctorial first-person narrator, as well as from Goliadkin’s perspective. The auctorial narrator of The Double ironizes not only Klara Olsuf’evna, but also other characters and social practices of the Petersburg society. The internal monologues and the free indirect speech of Goliadkin, however, show signs of a negative, even misogynistic attitude towards the character of Karolina Ivanovna and partially also to Klara Olsuf’evna. Lastly, Poor Folk introduces themes to Dostoevsky’s work, which occupy him until the end of his life and manifest themselves in their more recognizable form in his later works.
More...Keywords: Bildungsroman; Darwinism; French Revolution; Mao; Postmodernism; Realism
Chinese postmodern literature, or post-Mao fiction, comes with disillusionment among the intellectuals and cynicism among the fictional characters. According to this line of thinking, narrative enters a theoretical discourse that leaves aside the former ideological imprint and moves within the frame of realism. As in the experience of the nineteenth century French realism, Su Tong’s and Yu Hua’s fiction describe a process of Bildungsroman that is never accomplished. A crude Darwinian weltanschauung seems to be the key to understanding.
More...Keywords: fairy tales; fantasy; folklore; grotesque; magic; myth; tradition
This paper, besides a short introduction concerning general information on themes and the structure present in the short story collection Lo cunto de li cunti overo lo trattenemiento de’ peccerille, written by the Italian Baroque author Giambattista Basile, whose masterpiece enjoyed great fame abroad much earlier than in Italy, is concerned with the analysis of fantastic and grotesque elements which generally characterise oral tradition, fairy tales and myths. The above-mentioned elements were identified in the fifty short stories which Basile wrote and included in his collection. Various sources were used in the analysis, relying on myths and fairy tales with the aim of explaining the presence of the grotesque. Besides its great literary value, this collection is also of great historical importance because, just like many other examples of oral tradition, it fosters a vast span of costumes and traditions that are typical of the Mediterranean folklore. From one tale to another, the collection slowly but surely reveals the Mediterranean identity of the people from the South of Italy and explains the function of the grotesque and its didactic purpose.
More...Keywords: : legend; tradition; modernity; psychology; faithful translation
In this article we propose to present the Albanian author of the novel Le Petit Bala ou la Légende de la Solitude, a work that oscillates between tradition and modernity. The main character Bala succumbs to the clutches of exclusion, loneliness, and failed conquest in both love and revenge. A psychological novel, a particular segmented style that perfectly matches the original pen of Ridvan Dibra, author of a resurrected legend. The merit of the French translator is not to be overlooked: a translation very close to the original writing in Albanian, a loyal translation adding to other works by this author which have been translated into various foreign languages.
More...Keywords: Modernism; China; futurism; poetry; poetics
Considering the fact that there are certain similarities between the cultural endeavours of the early Chinese modernists and Italian futurists, at first glance, it seems strange that futurist ideas mostly failed to take root in Chinese literary modernism. From the outset, Chinese literary modernism was a heterogeneous movement, but the common denominator in these different movements in post-dynastic China was a radical antitraditionalism that bears similarities to the goals of Italian futurism that was often called the down-with-the-past movement (antipassatismo). Contemporary literary studies usually recognize three distinct waves of Chinese modernism: the first wave refers to the new literary scene in China’s Republican era (1911-1949), but due to the eclecticism of early Chinese modernists who were deriving inspiration and ideas from a broad and diverse range of sources, this initial stage of Chinese modernism includes the authors whose work was inspired by the pre-modern Western movements such as romanticism, symbolism etc. The second wave of Chinese modernism emerged on Taiwan in the 1950s, and the final wave brought modernism back to mainland China at the end of the 1970s. This paper attempts to examine the reception of Italian futurism in early Chinese modernist literature, therefore our research is chronologically focused on the first wave of Chinese modernism.
More...Keywords: Ante Babaja; The Emperor's New Clothes; Hans Christian Andersen; feature film; intermediality; political allegory
The Emperor's New Clothes (1837) by Hans Christian Andersen is a classic of children's literature, but also holds an emblematic position in the sphere of world literature and culture in general – it is one of the most translated stories/fairy tales, published in numerous languages all around the world and transposed into various media, but it is also a story with a rich semantic potential which allows for diverse and stratified interpretations. The focus of this paper is the comparative analysis of the famous Andersen story, and the eponymous feature film by the Croatian and Yugoslav director Ante Babaja, filmed in 1961. The screenplay was written by Božidar Violić, who adapted Andersen's story for film. The Emperor's New Clothes is the first feature film by this renowned director, and also the first Croatian feature film in colour. The unusual adaptation by Babaja is interesting on several levels and for several reasons – both strictly poetic reasons (the approach is atypical, where the standard scenography is absent, and white surfaces take its place along with the so-called high-key film photography, done by Oktavijan Miletić), and reasons of a wider scope, related to reception. Babaja's film enables different readings than the ones based on Andersen's template by intervening into the motif and narrative dimensions of the original story, but also through transgressions at the stylistic level (intermedial contact with stage acting), and, especially, the socio-political context in which the film originated (socialist Yugoslavia). More precisely, Babaja's The Emperor's New Clothes reinterprets Andersen's story by adding to it a concrete socio-political allegory of (not only) former Yugoslavia, while at the same time not discarding the central space of Andersen's story – the relation between collective conventions and individual consciousness, cowardice and courage, submission and freedom, as the archetypical spaces of human communities.
More...Keywords: abbreviations; acronyms; derivation; derivational productivity; initialisms; Italian; Montenegrin; Serbian; word formation; suffixation
Everyday changes on a global level, with the more and more accelerated rhythm of life, are reflecting themselves on the linguistic reality of modern languages too. Among their consequences is also the more prominent role of abbreviations, which make a sentence more synthetic by shortening multiword expressions, no matter if the communication is verbal or written. The research is focused on the comparison between the abbreviations in modern Italian and those in Serbian and Montenegrin language, as stems for derivation by nominal, adjectival, and verbal suffixes. The approach is contrastive, and for the corpora were used mostly materials extracted from the daily press, as well as dictionaries of neologisms in the case of Italian corpus. For the Italian corpus, the dictionaries used were Neologismi: Parole nuove dai giornali (2009) by Istituto Treccani, with an updated online version of that dictionary on the publisher’s site https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/neologismi/, as well as the database ONLI: Osservatorio Neologico della Lingua Italiana (https://www.iliesi.cnr.it/ONLI/), which collects materials mostly from daily and weekly press. Several studies on abbreviations were also very helpful as the source for examples of suffixation. Serbian and Montenegrin press was analyzed as one corpus, as there are virtually no differences between these languages as far as abbreviations are concerned. The latter corpus relies mostly on online versions of Serbian and Montenegrin daily press (Vijesti, Pobjeda, Dan, Novosti, Telegraf, Politika, and so on), with several examples taken from social media, blogs and web portals, for the most part through the web site Kontekst.io (https://www.kontekst.io/) which for Serbian corpus uses database srWaC (Serbian Web, https://www.clarin.si/noske/run.cgi/corp_info?corpname=srwac&struct_attr_stats=1&subcorpora=1). As in printed Serbian and Montenegrin literature were found only older and, in some cases, outdated examples, it was necessary to complement this corpus with newer and more up-to-date materials. In the corpora analysis, neologisms derived from acronyms by suffixation were of particular interest, as an indicator of vitality and productivity of these lexical items in modern language. In neither of the observed languages nomenclature and classification of this type of lexical items are unanimous and coherent, so we opted for the terminology and classification agreed on by most of the consulted sources. Not all types of abbreviations can be used as stems for derivation, therefore the research was focused exclusively on the types which can be productive for suffixation. As for the discrepancies in terminologies and possible ambiguations in Italian and Serbian linguistics (Montenegrin sources make almost no mention of abbreviations), they require some clarification.
More...