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Exploring the difference between Turkish and Bosnian students in Triangular Love scale

Exploring the difference between Turkish and Bosnian students in Triangular Love scale

Author(s): Anela Hasanagić,Selvira Draganović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: love; relationship; theories of love; triangular theory of love; culture

Numerous studies show that different cultures experience emotions. Some cultures tend to express emotions without restrictions while some others try to suppress the expression of emotions. These differences are particularly more manifest when Eastern and Western cultures are compared. The fact that definition of love differs between different cultures makes it difficult to determine cultural differences in the concept of love. This might serve as a basis of prejudices about some nations in relation to how they perceive love. The main aim of this study is to explore differences between Turkish and Bosnian students on love scale. The term love is operationalized by Sternberg's triangular theory of love scale which includes intimacy, passion and commitment component of love. Using quasi-experimental design we tested gender differences, the length of current relationship and correlation between them on overall scale and individual subscales. The sample consisted of 87 Turkish (22 males and 65 females) and 64 Bosnian students (23 males and 41 females) total 151 students (N=151). Results of the study show statistically significant differences between Turkish and Bosnian students on two dimensions in Sternberg triangular love scale intimacy and passion. Bosnian students scored higher on these subscales. Study results suggest that there is no statistically significant differences between males and females in any subscale. The length of love relationship is positively correlated with intimacy, which indicates that the length of connections weakly associated with intimacy, and that is not associated with the passion and the decision of commitment, suggesting longer relationship does not mean more romantic relationship, and vice versa

Poems

Gedichte

Author(s): Vesna Parun / Language(s): German / Issue: 3/1983

Integration in Specialisation. The GENTT Research Group: Genre as an Integrative Concept in Translation Studies

Integration in Specialisation. The GENTT Research Group: Genre as an Integrative Concept in Translation Studies

Author(s): Pilar ORDONEZ-LOPEZ / Language(s): English / Issue: 08/2009

Keywords: specialised translation; ‘genre’; cognitive mapping; integrative approach

The interdisciplinary and complexity of translation have led to a diversity of co-existing approaches in Translation Studies. Translation can be studied from a range of perspectives, and every approach tends to focus on a limited number of aspects. In the area of specialised translation, the integrative nature of translation is frequently neglected, which may lead to overly narrow analyses. In this paper, it is shown how the concept of ‘genre’ incorporates a wider range of the defining aspects of translation. The use of genre as a core element makes it possible to combine linguistic, textual, communicative and cognitive aspects as part of a more comprehensive study of specialised translation. In practical terms, this integrative approach is reflected in the GENTT knowledge management system (covering linguistic, textual and communicative aspects) and in the cognitive mapping within three fields of specialism (legal, medical and technical) that the research group is developing.

Translating reference letters in the light of skopos theory

Translating reference letters in the light of skopos theory

Author(s): Vlasta Kučiš / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: translation; skopos theory; reference letters; communication; cultural know-how

The aim of this article is to discuss two thematic focal points using an empirical comparative analysis of Slovene and German application documents: cultural know-how as a translational communication concept (reception and production competence) and intercultural translation adaptation in the light of the skopos theory, which makes the target text the focus of research. In this context, the translator’s task is to bridge the communicative gap between source and target cultures, whereby specific, culture-bound texts must be observed as a translation challenge. The cultural heterogeneity of international application documents is a particularly prominent feature. In this time of a free market economy, worldwide competition and a global labor market, the translator takes on not only the role of a constructive language mediator, but also that of a communication expert. Translation is defined as a communicative strategy interaction, which is determined by its purpose, the skopos (Vermeer 1983: 54). How the principle of sociocultural embedding of source and target texts is applied will be analyzed on the example of German and Slovene business reference letters, taking into consideration the historical and legal contexts. Notions like the international, i.e. Slovene-German, culture of job applications, as well as the closely related, culturally-specific principles of text composition are the priority of this article in the holistic translation study of application documents, based on an empirical research of 27 German and Slovene business reference letters in translation. These translations differ considerably from one another – not only in their composition, but also regarding their embeddedness in the legal system of the respective countries and the importance accorded them in the job application process. For a positive evaluation by a personnel manager in Germany, a reference letter must be rather detailed, while short reference letters are seen as rather negative. However, in Slovenia letters have to be as short and concise as possible.

Altceva decât nu … decât

Altceva decât nu … decât

Author(s): Nicoleta Sava / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2009

Keywords: focus particles; exceptives; restrictives; quantifier; variable

The paper contrasts the exceptive constructions containing the particle decât in Romanian, namely nu…decât and nu…alt+ceva/cineva decât, considering the semantic and syntactic properties of these two constructions against the background of the analysis proposed by von Fintel (1993) for English exceptive constructions. It will be shown that (i) exceptives have a common core semantic content but they differ cross-linguistically especially in terms of syntactic behaviour; (ii) the two Romanian constructions differ semantically and syntactically and do not support an ellipsis analysis. Based on synchronic properties as well as diachronic data the paper proposes that these are two independent constructions, the first one containing a null quantifier. Given the semantic similarities between this construction and doar and numai, the paper argues for a uniform treatment of restrictive focus particles.

Disturbing Representations in Cinema and the European Film Awards

Disturbing Representations in Cinema and the European Film Awards

Author(s): Jagoda Stamenković / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

In this paper, the attention was paid to the disturbing images representing aggressive and violent behavior in the movies awarded with the European Film Award. Among the winners of the EFA awards (1988-2014) is a greater number of representations of violent behavior and death, in various forms. Whether it is about the murder, self-punishment or legitimately imposed penalty, the representation of violence as an act of punishment, lethal, is in the focus of many European filmmakers – from Kieslowski, Amelio, fon Trier, Polanski, Haneke to Pawlikovski and others. The causes should be sought in turbulent times and events that have marked Europe in recent decades. Using the examples of European award-winning films, the paper deals with the phenomenon of violence and is representation on cinema, as an individual act but also as an act in which the State punishes the perpetrators, imposing the maximum sentence. Special emphasis was given to the two films that deal with violent deaths and result with death sentences handed down by the law as formal way of violent act: A short film about Killing by K. Kieslowski (1988) and Open Doors by G.Amelio (1991). It points also to the ethical-philosophical question of prescribing the death sentence. The violence is in function of deterrent and represents a method of social impact, as anticipatory but also as a corrective factor.

Prvi svjetski rat – uzroci i posljedice [First World War – Causes and Conse¬quences], eds. Drago Branković and Nikola B. Popović. Banja Luka: Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Republike Srpske, 2014, 528 p.

Prvi svjetski rat – uzroci i posljedice [First World War – Causes and Conse¬quences], eds. Drago Branković and Nikola B. Popović. Banja Luka: Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Republike Srpske, 2014, 528 p.

Author(s): Goran Latinović / Language(s): English / Issue: 46/2015

THE CONCEPT OF EQUIVALENCE AND TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES IN THE POSTSTRUCTURALISTS’ THEORIES OF TRANSLATION

EKWIWALENCJA I STRATEGIE PRZEKŁADOWE W PERSPEKTYWIE POSTSTRUKTURALISTYCZNYCH TEORII PRZEKŁADU

Author(s): Claudio Salmeri / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 28(33)/2015

Keywords: Translation; equivalence; strategies; (un)translatability; poststructuralism;

This article studies the development of the translation theories in the second half of the twentieth century, a period during which significant theoretical contributions were made in translation circles. These contributions had a profound impact on the practice of translation. The individuals who contributed to the present state of translation theory worked in translation circles, and this article examines their contributions. A selected history of theoretical developments, focusing on the most important ideas relevant to translation work, is presented in order to examine the impact of such theories on the practice of translation. It has become commonplace to believe that the econstructionist and poststructuralist views on translation have opened new perspectives in Translation Studies. The aim of this paper is to highlight the main tenets of the major authors of these theories. The attention is especially drawn to a well-known controversy related to the concept of equivalence and translation strategies. This paper presents the main criticism made by the poststructuralist translation views on interpretation. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.

The rating of volatility of flood hazard risk in the basin of the Oder River based on biannual distributions of maximums of water levels

Ocena zmienności ryzyka zagrożenia powodziowego w dorzeczu Odry na podstawie rozkładów półrocznych maksimów stanów wód

Author(s): Łukasz Kuźmiński,Łukasz Szałata,Bogusław Fiedor,Jerzy Zwoździak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 454/2016

Keywords: flood risk management; water levels; Gumbel distribution; measure od flood risk and sustainable development

The aim of the article is to assess the variability of flood risk with the use of distributions of maximum values. The copyright research uses hydrological data in the form of daily water levels from the period 1981–2013. The collected data are derived from the hydrological station Malczyce in 300 km of the Oder River. For the purpose of estimating flood risk from the collected data semi-annual maxima of daily water levels have been selected. As a measure of the flood risk the authors adopted the likelihood of exceeding the alarm condition in the test section of the river. This risk is calculated using the theoretical cumulative distribution distribution of quarterly highs of water levels. The study used Gumbel distribution. At the same time the article pays significant attention to the possibility of using the solutions for integrated flood risk management process in accordance with applicable national and European legislation.

Impact of Tax Burden on the Country’s Investments

Impact of Tax Burden on the Country’s Investments

Author(s): Ravil Gabdullaevich Akhmadeev,Mikhail Evgenievich Kosov,Olga Alekseevna Bykanova,Ksenia Valerievna Ekimova,Svetlana Viktorovna Frumina,Natalia Vasilievna Philippova / Language(s): English / Issue: 43/2016

Keywords: investment in fixed assets; tax burden; tax incentives; investment projects; depreciation policy of the company;

The approaches to fiscal expansion and the corresponding methods are the same in most countries of the world. Depending on a specific task, the type of tax incentives may vary from country to country to increase their efficiency. Having analyzed the statistical data on all Russian enterprises (excluding small ones) for the period from 2008 to 2015, we deduced an equation y=0.0221x+0.3824 which describes the dynamics of the share of the enterprises investment in the total number of monetary assets. A positive value of the coefficient 0.0221 suggests that the volume of investments in the total number of monetary assets is increasing steadily. The government increases tax burden to ensure solvency and financial stability of the enterprises engaged in the development and implementation of investment projects. However, it should be noted that such decisions of tax regulation seem inconsistent. We have proved the hypothesis which explains to what extent tax burden on enterprises should be decreased to set the liquidity ratio and profitability at standard values (0.7 – 1), other conditions in the country being equal.

Government and the self-government of the municipality of Gdansk in the Versailles free city (1919–1939)

Administracja rządowa i samorządowa gminy miejskiej Gdańsk w wersalskim Wolnym Mieście (1919–1939)

Author(s): Tadeusz Maciejewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: XXXIV/2015

The government and the self-government of the municipality of Gdansk in the Versailles Free City of Gdansk (1919-1939) had its origins in Prussian law and the law of second Reich. After the adoption of the constitution on 14 June 1922, due to its art. 69, a new law on the administration of the municipality of Gdansk was passed on 9 October 1923. It consisted of 42 articles divided into 9 chapters. The most important provisions related to such issues as the Municipal Assembly of Citizens - Stadtbürgerschaft, especially its tasks, structure, proceedings, relation to the Senate, internal commissions, budget, and finance and municipal officials. The law in that shape was in force until 1939, despite the fact that the power in the city was taken by the Nazis.

THE HISTORY OF TRANSLATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES

THE HISTORY OF TRANSLATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES

Author(s): Imola Katalin Nagy / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 14/2018

Keywords: history of translations; translation studies; theory and practice of translation; translation theories;

This study aims to make a brief presentation of the history of translation from the earliest manifestations of interlinguistic transfer to the birth of the discipline called Translation Studies and the most recent trends in the study of translations. Although theoretical considerations regarding translation started to appear even in ancient times, the term translation studies came to be used only in the early 1970s. We present the most important cornerstones in the development of translations, alongside with the most remarkable contributors in the field of translations: practitioners and theoreticians alike.

LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND ASSESSMENT IN A HIGHLY TECHNOLOGICAL ERA

LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND ASSESSMENT IN A HIGHLY TECHNOLOGICAL ERA

Author(s): Laura Ionică / Language(s): English / Issue: 23/2018

Keywords: assessment; computer technology; reform; language acquisition;

Teachers’ and students’ conformation to technology is no longer a much debated issue, since it has brought about positive results both in the teaching and the learning process. The technological era has produced accurate information about language acquisition and assessment. These two dimensions have been substantially improved by using computers, widely considered intelligent machines whose main role is to simplify work in general and to place education in a different light. The present work aims at highlighting the prevalent role of computers in acquiring and assessing language. Computer technology is part of the near future and through its multitude of facets, it stands for both evolution and reform of the teaching and learning process.

Towards „the true politics”: Kantian phenomenal approach to Utopianism

Towards „the true politics”: Kantian phenomenal approach to Utopianism

Author(s): Flavio Silvestrini / Language(s): English / Issue: 2(16)/2017

Keywords: Kant; Utopia; Republic; “True Politics”;

Kant took seriously care to distinguish his theory about republican constitutionalism from these projects developed by utopian thinkers, posing an out of time last level of civil progress as an ideal cosmopolitan society. In parallel with this model, his political project would take concrete form in a phenomenal republicanism of all States, which represented his true counterproposal to realist theorists of the State and of International System. The claimed relevance of moral life in mankind however enabled him to establish the rules of “the true politics”, not relegated into chimeric projects of earthly utopias, but, above all, unyielding toward empiricist simplifications of human history and nature.

Methodological Pluralism in Economics: The ‘Why’ and ‘How’ of Causal Inferences

Methodological Pluralism in Economics: The ‘Why’ and ‘How’ of Causal Inferences

Author(s): Mariusz Maziarz / Language(s): English / Issue: 4 (108)/2019

Keywords: causal inference; philosophy of economics; methodological pluralism; evidential pluralism;

Recently, two distinct notions of pluralism have been put forward in regard to research methods in economics: (1) model pluralism, stating that economists construct many theoretical models offering descriptions of actual or possible mechanisms and use different models for different purposes, and (2) evidential pluralism, according to which causal claims are established on the basis of theoretical conjecture and by observing the operation of a difference-making factor. In this paper, I make a case for methodological pluralism. I argue that economists not only use different research methods but also interpret their role in causal inference differently — depending on which (big-M) Methodological school they subscribe to. The argument proceeds by analyzing examples of recent economic research appealing to different Methodological commitments.

Juliane Haubold-Stolle (Hrsg.), Der Erste Weltkrieg in 100 Objekten

Juliane Haubold-Stolle (Hrsg.), Der Erste Weltkrieg in 100 Objekten

Author(s): Klaus-Peter Friedrich / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Juliane Haubold-Stolle; First World War; 100 objects; Review;

Review of: Der Erste Weltkrieg in 100 Objekten. Hrsg. von Juliane H a u b o l d - S t o l l e. Theiss. Darmstadt 2014. 244 S., zahlr. Ill., Kt. ISBN 978-3-8062-2967-7. (€ 24,95.). Reviewed by Klaus-Peter Friedrich.

Approximation in Translation: Recipe (Pseudo-)Partitives in 30-Minute Meals (Romanian vs. English)

Approximation in Translation: Recipe (Pseudo-)Partitives in 30-Minute Meals (Romanian vs. English)

Author(s): Daniela Hăisan / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2020

Keywords: food writing;culinary terminology;(pseudo)partitives;translations;equivalence;approximation;

The present paper considers the issue of (pseudo-)partitives as used in English culinary texts and contrasts them with their Romanian translation. Based on a corpus made of 50 recipes included in Jamie Oliver’s 30-Minute Meals (2010) and its only Romanian version to date (i.e. Găteşte în 30 de minute cu Jamie, signed by Andreea-Rosemarie Lutic, 2012), our analysis is aimed at the solutions the Romanian translator finds for one of the most common challenges posed by a cookery text (i.e. imprecision). Compelled by translation ethics, translation universals as well as by common sense to produce a more explicit text than the original, the translator deals with one particular situation at a time rather than apply an over-all coherent strategy.

Into the Grey Zone. What Do We (Don’t) Know About Types of Concentrations Between Undertakings Under EU law After Austria Asphalt?

Into the Grey Zone. What Do We (Don’t) Know About Types of Concentrations Between Undertakings Under EU law After Austria Asphalt?

Author(s): Adrian Bielecki / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2020

Keywords: concentrations; EU Merger Regulation; full-function undertaking; joint venture; mergers;

In Austria Asphalt, the Court of Justice issued the first preliminary ruling related to the EU merger control regime. In Advocate General Kokott’s words, the Austrian Supreme Court asked the Court of Justice to answer the fundamental question of what constitutes a concentration between undertakings within Article 3 of the EUMR. The Court of Justice held that Article 3 of the EUMR must be interpreted as meaning that a concentration is deemed to arise upon a change in the form of control of an existing undertaking which, previously exclusive, becomes joint only if the joint venture created by such a transaction performs on a lasting basis all the functions of an autonomous economic entity. Although the ruling was rendered in the context of a specific transaction scenario, the underlying reasoning could shed new light on how to assess transactions that fall between acquisition of control and creation of a joint venture. However, this reasoning is incompliant with the purposes and economic foundations of the EU merger control regime. This can be proven both in relation to the transaction scenario directly covered by the question for a preliminary ruling and, if extrapolated, in relation to other transaction scenarios.

OBSERVING NATURAL OBJECTS: CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOWERING PLANTS PERCEIVED AS IMPORTANT BY 5- AND 10-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN

OBSERVING NATURAL OBJECTS: CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOWERING PLANTS PERCEIVED AS IMPORTANT BY 5- AND 10-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN

Author(s): Marjanca Kos,Janez Jerman / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: biology education; observation skills; plant characteristics; preschool children; primary school children;

This research examined the ways in which children observe flowering plants, namely: which features they perceive as significant, whether the skill of observing flowering plants develops with age, and what is the difference between genders. The research involved 174 children: 89 children aged 5 and 85 children aged 10 who were given the task of choosing the plant they recognised as the same as each of the 10 given test plants among a total of 37 plants which looked more or less similar to the test plants. The analysis of the plant combinations the children most frequently mismatched showed, that colour is the feature to which they attribute the most importance. Shape turned out to be considered more important to the children than size. Older children revealed better plant observation skills than younger ones with the girls achieving better results than the boys in both age groups. The findings show that children's observation skills develop with age, and corroborate the need to support the development of observation in the educational process.

Analele Universităţii din Craiova, Seria Știinţe filologice. Lingvistică, Anul XLII, nr. 1-2, 2020

Analele Universităţii din Craiova, Seria Știinţe filologice. Lingvistică, Anul XLII, nr. 1-2, 2020

Author(s): Elena Pîrvu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1-2/2021

Keywords: Annals of the University of Craiova, Philological Sciences Series;

Review of the journal: Analele Universităţii din Craiova, Seria Știinţe filologice. Lingvistică, Anul XLII, nr. 1-2, 2020, 516 p.