Search results for: Reiss in All Content

The Middle East Cold War: Iran-Saudi Arabia and the Way Ahead

The Middle East Cold War: Iran-Saudi Arabia and the Way Ahead

Author(s): Jugoslav Jozić,Athina Tzemprin,Henry Lambare / Language(s): English / Issue: 04+05/2015

Keywords: Geopolitics; Ideology; Balance of Power; Mosaic of Identities; Proxy Wars

Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran are two of the Middle East’s regional powers. The rivalry between these two countries has long been a determinant factor in the shaping of geopolitics in the Persian Gulf. In this complex and conflicting relation their neighboring countries have often been the battlefield of proxy wars. The Arab Spring has brought dramatic changes in the Middle East. By elevating sectarian violence to an unprecedented level, the already tense religious fragmentation of the Arab countries was further polarized. This paper will first present a review of the factors underpinning the contest between the two countries, and after that, the current developments and the ways they impact the competition for regional supremacy in the Persian Gulf.

Assessment of flood risk on the Nysa Klodzka River using selected extreme values distributions

Ocena ryzyka zagrożenia powodziowego na rzece Nysa Kłodzka z wykorzystaniem wybranych rozkładów prawdopodobieństwa wartości ekstremalnych

Author(s): Łukasz Kuźmiński / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 51/2016

Keywords: flood risk; one-yaer maximum; water level ; Gumbel distribution; Frechet distribution

The article concerns the application of selected distributions of extreme values to estimate the risk of occurring of flood danger in Lower Silesia. In the study a daily water level on the Nysa Klodzka River was used, that was gathered in the hydrological station in Bystrzyca Klodzka. From the collected data from the period 1981-2013 biannual maximum water level was selected. Two theoretical distributions: Gumbel and Frechet were fitted to the empirical distribution of biannual maximal. The best fitted two distributions were used for the exemplary assessment of flood danger.

FROM PERSON TO PROCESS AND PRODUCT, AND BACK. CREATIVITY AS A CHALLENGE TO TRANSLATION COMPETENCE

FROM PERSON TO PROCESS AND PRODUCT, AND BACK. CREATIVITY AS A CHALLENGE TO TRANSLATION COMPETENCE

Author(s): Stefanos Vlachopoulos / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: translation; creativity; translation competence; problem-solving; control of cognition

The paper puts forward an examination of translation based on the notion of creativity. Initially, the term translation competence will be juxtaposed to the notion of creativity and an investigation into translation as a creative problem-solving process is employed to provide a sharper focus on the translator and on translating. Relying on findings from research on creativity, the paper claims that an enhanced control on the interplay between the translator, the translated text and the cognition behind the decisions is possible. In other words, the paper aims at providing a tool that increases monitoring, awareness and control of the translator’s cognition both by the individual translator and a potential assessor. Lastly, the paper negotiates the analysis of the applied aspects of translating by assessing them on the basis of the flow of creativity into a particular translation project.

A model for conceptualizing drawing as a teaching-learning activity in biology education

A model for conceptualizing drawing as a teaching-learning activity in biology education

Author(s): Eliza Rybska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: scheme; drawing; sketch; creativity; problem solving;

The purpose of presented article is to propose a way of dividing a graphical activity of a student in accordance to his/her mental involvement. Presented proposition is not strictly limited to school situations. The three dimensions of drawing would include: 1) schemes – when students draws what they see, 2) drawings – where students draws what they understand, and 3) sketches – when basing on their knowledge and skills and understanding of the presented issue they can solve a biological problems, may create representations new for them as a result of creative problem solving. It seems like usually at the biological lessons the first type of drawing is used (if ever). Such situation may lead to limiting a creativity development among polish students. The additional claim of the presented article is to show and encourage everyone who is dealing with teaching to invite all three dimensions of drawing into regular practice. Especially that drawing used as a method might help and support learning progression in science education.

Specificities of translation of traditional dishes in bilingual tourist guides (Franco-Romanian area)

Spécificités de la traduction des plats traditionnels dans les guides touristiques bilingues (domaine franco-roumain)

Author(s): Elena Preatca / Language(s): French / Issue: 7/2015

Keywords: Francophonie; translation; travel guide; local cuisine; flavour;

Translation plays a very important role in the development of tourism and in cultural transfer of Francophonie. Every state is defined by its traditions, national holidays, historical figures, landscape, songs, inhabitants, and certainly, by the local cuisine. Romania is a very rich country in the matter of traditional recipes. Flavours and scents of the Romanian cuisine got the attention of people from all around the world. Our country is a part of the francophone area and has a significant cuisine culture. Shepherds that produce sheep cheese following ancient techniques, perpetuate the traditions in different Romanian regions. However, the translation of culinary termes is very difficult, but this activity plays a very important role in the development of Francophonie. In order to translate some words like: bulz, urdă, jintiţă, mămăligă, balmoş (...), we have to poses a wide knowledge of Romanian and French cultures and languages. Touristic guides have a big number of culturally determined words and in this case, the translator’s role is to accomplish an effective mediation between cultures.

Diagnosing resistance to change in the change management process

Diagnosing resistance to change in the change management process

Author(s): Tetiana Kuzhda / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: change management process; resistance to organizational change; change management tools; causes of resistance to change and types of resistance

This article explains the change management process and resistance to organizational change through examining causes of resistance to change, diagnosing them, and finding the ways to deal with resistance to change. In business environment, the one thing any company can be assured of is change. If an organization experiences change it may also need to implement new business strategies, which can create resistance among employees. Managers need to know in which phase they have to expect unusual situations, problems, and resistance to change. Most successful organizations are those that are able to adjust themselves to new conditions quickly. Preparing for change, managing change through resistance management plan and reinforcing change have been identified in the article as the main phrases of change management process that lead to improve the organization performance. Managing resistance to change is important part for success of any change effort in each company. This article explains the change management process and resistance to organizational change through examining causes of resistance to change, diagnosing them, and finding the ways to deal with resistance to change. In business environment, the one thing any company can be assured of is change. If an organization experiences change it may also need to implement new business strategies, which can create resistance among employees. Managers need to know in which phase they have to expect unusual situations, problems, and resistance to change. Most successful organizations are those that are able to adjust themselves to new conditions quickly. Preparing for change, managing change through resistance management plan and reinforcing change have been identified in the article as the main phrases of change management process that lead to improve the organization performance. Managing resistance to change is important part for success of any change effort in each company. Dealing with resistance in large part will depend on timely recognition of the real causes of resistance to change and finding the ways to reduce, overcome or eliminate the resistance to change. Developing efficient ways to introduce and implement change can ease the stress the staff feels when change is introduced. Different resistance states, causes of change resistance and forms of change resistance have been emphasized in the change management process. The proposed diagnosing model has been used to identify significant and weighty causes of resistance to change by using the expert survey and ranking causes of resistance to change. The ways to reduce and overcome resistance to change have been explained.

The Role of the Euro in the Invoicing of Exports of Goods in the Years 1999–2014

Rola euro w fakturowaniu eksportu towarów w latach 1999–2014

Author(s): Tomasz Białowąs / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 81/2016

Keywords: invoicing currency; euro; international trade

The subject of this paper is an analysis of the euro use in invoicing of merchandise exports. This study presents a dataset on euro invoicing in merchandise exports for 41 countries. The euro is used extensively for invoicing exports of the euro area and European Union countries, both in the transactions among themselves and with other countries. The role of the euro as vehicle currency is increasing but still limited when compared to the U.S. dollar

Growth hacking as an alternative of traditional marketing model in start-up management

Growth hacking, jako alternatywa dla tradycyjnego modelu marketingu w zarządzaniu start-upem

Author(s): Kinga Kosecka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

The main objective of the article is to present growth hacking as an alternative for traditional marketing model and to present this conception in management of businesses which are in early-growth stage. It presents a core of marketing and an evolution of marketing management. An important point is the essence of growth hacking, its phases and rates. The article emphasises the differences between traditional marketing model and growth hacking. The core and the examples of start-up are discussed too. To sum up the article present a Polish market and start-ups which develop on this market.

Music Education during the Interwar Period in the Magazine “Muzyka w Szkole” (“Music at School”)

Edukacja muzyczna w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym na łamach miesięcznika „Muzyka w Szkole”

Author(s): Katarzyna Rogozińska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 12/2017

Keywords: music; music education; interwar period; music press.

The interwar period was a period of a dramatically decreasing interest of the Polish society inmusic. The reaction to this state of affairs was its broad promotion as part of, inter alia, musicaleducation in schools.At the time when Poland regained its independence, it was not only a pioneering activity on oursoil, but also was it very important for deepening national and cultural awareness. This time also sawan increase in the importance of Polish music. A wide range of musical issues of that period were thesubject of numerous discussions, which took place on many levels. One of the forums consisted ofPolish magazines, including the pedagogical and musical monthly magazine “Muzyka w Szkole”(“Music at the School”). The articles published in this periodical, being now of great historical value,are a source of knowledge about Polish musical education during the interwar period.

Are the Concept of Capacities and Ceteris Normalibus Clause Redundant?

Are the Concept of Capacities and Ceteris Normalibus Clause Redundant?

Author(s): Marcin Gorazda / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2018

Keywords: economic models; economic laws; regularities; capacities; ceteris paribus; ceteris normalibus

The text is supposed to be a critical response to Łukasz Hardt’s paper on ceteris normalibus laws. Author especially criticises three main Hardt’s theses: 1. Economic laws do not describe regularities, but refer to capacities and powers; 2. Economic laws are only true in theoretical models; 3. Economic laws are valid ceteris normalibus, rather than ceteris paribus. Based on several examples of theoretical models in economics Author argues that: 1. We cannot abandon the requirement of regularities being the necessary component of any scientifc law, economics including. The concept of capacities, even if helpful in reasoning on causes and outcomes, is methodologically redundant; 2. Economic laws cannot be true only in theoretical models. They must be (at least within the range assumed by the researcher) true in the domain represented by the particular model. Otherwise, the notion of “laws true only in a model” refers to the inherent tautologies, which truth value are checked exclusively by assumptions and adopted inference rules; 3. The term ceteris normalibus in Hardt’s account is redundant because it simply represents a more general set of assumptions, including ceteris paribus, ceteris rectis, ceteris absentibus, ceteris constantibus. As long as the “normal” circumstances are defned in a model, the clause does not improve our understanding of models.

OUR WAY OF (NOT) SEEING THE ADVENTURE OF THE TRANSLATOR DURING TRANSLATION CRITICISM

ÇEVİRİ ELEŞTİRİSİNDE ÇEVİRMENİN SERÜVENİNİ GÖRME(ME) BİÇİMİMİZ

Author(s): Aslı Araboğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 57/2019

Keywords: Translation; Translation Criticism; Invisibility of Translator;

The purpose of this paper is to compose an interdisciplinary questioning by going through the methodological studies at the field of translation criticism with reference to discussions about the invisibility of the. Cause to the question the basic problematic is the simple comparisons which are formed by ignoring the subjectivity of the nature of translation. At this paper, by using John Berger's The Ways of Seeing (2018), like reproducing a picture, how indeed every translation is the reproduction of the original will be handled. Also from the argument of that; uniqueness of the original work is not the reason of what it says as a unique but derives from being a unique and how it is evaluated, how the translator is evaluated at translation criticism will be defined. Today many people who make translation critiques are literature critics, translators or scholars of social sciences in the field of translation studies. Sometimes critiques formed with statistical comparisons, which reject the subjectivity of the translation nature, ignore the position of the translator. As Berger says; while the painter's way of seeing is reconstituted by the marks he makes on the canvas or paper, every image embodies a way of seeing, our perception or appreciation of an image depends also upon our own way of seeing (Berger: 21). Thus, our way of seeing is the most important point that forms a translation critique. At the end of this paper, at translation criticism, the possible contributions to the field of translation studies by questioning and interpreting how the information, which are continually moved in, against the original, which always holds its own place, is translated as in the reproduced paintings and the adventure of the translator will be described.

Factors influencing electricity consumption: a review of research methods

Factors influencing electricity consumption: a review of research methods

Author(s): Jelena Krstić,Marija Reljić,Sanja Filipović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Research Question: This paper presents a review of empirical methods used by authors to determine the influence of different groups of factors that influence households’ electricity consumption. Motivation: The question what drives electricity consumption is very complex and requires a systematic approach in analysis of different theory frameworks and factors. In the literature, there are a lot of attempts to classify a huge number of very different factors which could be heterogeneous. The review is built on the existing literature by distinguishing the appropriateness of the usage of different empirical methods for collecting the data on the influence of specific groups of factors. Idea: Based on significant literature review and analysis of different methods used in this field, the aim of this paper is to make classification of the most important factors which have the highest impact on electricity consumption. The factors has been grouped into four groups by authors of the paper. Data: Analysis was conducted by reviewing papers dealing with households’ electricity consumption published in the international journals. Tools: The systematisation of relevant literature was used with the goal of determining the most common and proper methods that were used for determination of the influence of different groups of factors on electricity consumption. Findings: As consumer behaviour in the area of electricity consumption often demands the examination of subjective views of consumers, methods like interviewing, conduction of online/offline surveys, case study and field experiments are commonly used for analysing the influence of cognitive and affective factors, socio-demographic and behavioural. For analysis of the impact of contextual factors with using the large amount of secondary data, statistical and econometric methods are used as the most appropriate ones. Contribution: This paper provides an overview of most appropriate research methods when it comes to examination of the impact of different groups of factors whose influence needs to be empirically proven.

Developmental psychiatric in assessment of psychological disorders in persons with mental retardation and autism

Primjena razvojne psihijatrijske dijagnostike u procjeni psihičkih poremećaja kod osoba s mentalnom retardacijom i autizmom

Author(s): Goran Babić,Jasmina Frey Škrinjar,Snježana Sekušak-Galešev / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1/2004

Keywords: mental retardation; mental health; psychological disorders; behavioural disorders; diagnose;

For improvement of care for mental health of persons with mental retardation it is necessary to educate professionals with different professional profiles (special educators, psychologists, social workers, medical nurses) for teamwork with physician - psychiatrists. Education that was conducted consisted of developmental psychiatric approach and its application in work with persons with mental retardation. Despite new positive changes, psychiatric diagnostic remains precarious issue. Results of the pilot research, application of developmental psychiatric assessment scale with 559 children and adults with mental retardation and autism are represented in this work. The goal was to assess mental health of persons from institutions in order to improve the system of support.

Application of the Usability Rules in Online Courier Services

Stosowanie zasad usability w internetowych serwisach kurierskich

Author(s): Hanna Niedźwiedzka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5.2/2018

Keywords: website; usability; user experience; e-commerce; courier company

The development of the Internet influences more and more areas of human life. The majority of real-life, business activities have their equivalents in online services. At the same time, Internet users have more and more requirements towards these online services – not onlyin terms of web design and security, but also considering their features and usability. In fact,usability plays the major role on this matter. The users wish to find – in a fast and simple way –the products they need or to order a wanted service. In order to make it easier, the intuitive anduser-friendly websites are necessary. A more intelligible and attractive website increases the interest in the proposed offer and encourages users to stay on it longer. This in turn enhancesthe likelihood to make a transaction and to come back later. On the other hand, an inconvenientand unhandy website discourages the potential clients both from purchasing or ordering the service, and from the company as well. The usability assessment of a web application is a quite subjective matter. For some people the provided features can appear easy to use, but for many others it can still cause difficulties. All in all, there exists no method allowing – at least in an approximated way – to determine a measurable level of usability. To sum up, the vast majority of methods are based on users’ and experts’ opinions. The main objective of the paper is to analyse the courier website and specify the requirements connected with usability.

LEGAL PROBLEMS IN EMPLOYING PERSONS INFECTED BУ HIV VIRUS

ПРАВНИ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРИЛИКОМ ЗАСНИВАЊА РАДНОГ ОДНОСА ЛИЦА ЗАРАЖЕНИХ HIV-ВИРУСОМ

Author(s): Olga Popović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3-4/1993

Keywords: HIV virus; Finding employment; Termination of employment

Persons infected by HIV virus and becoming ill of AIDS are faced with numerous barriers in day-to-day life, including the sphere of their subjective rights. The position of such persons is elaborated using comparative method in case of employment (German, Swiss and American laws). In all these legal systems there is a distinction between persons only infected with HIV virus (so-called sero-positive people) and those already fallen ill of AIDS. The first category is in a better position, since there is no duty to inform the employer on the sero-positive finding. In other words, such persons are not considered unable to work. However, in contrast to German and Swiss laws, the law of the USA permits the employer to rescind the contract of work with those who gave false statement regarding their health. All three legal systems have the same position regarding persons with AIDS. Such persons have a legal duty, when applying for job, to state this fact to the employer, since future unfitness for work is certain in the long-run. To be true, so-called anti-dis- criminatory legislation of some member-states in the USA open the possibility to such persons to prove their capacity to do specific jobs, but practical significance of this is rather small. There is no considerable difference also regarding the possibility' of candidates for jobs to be subjected to the HTV test in analyzed legal systems. Testing is prohibited in principle, except in case of jobs where there is and increased danger of infection of others, since sero-positive persons are considered unfit for such jobs.

Entry and Competition of Healthcare Providers in Slovakia: A Spatial Analysis

Entry and Competition of Healthcare Providers in Slovakia: A Spatial Analysis

Author(s): Martin Lábaj,Peter Mandžák / Language(s): English / Issue: 03/2022

Keywords: entry models; healthcare market; industrial organization;

We study the relationship between market size and the number of firms in several healthcare professions in Slovakia to provide new evidence about their entry decisions and the toughness of competition on the market. The local market size that would support the entry of the first general practitioner was estimated at 1,400 inhabitants. This threshold equaled 1,700 inhabitants for the first pharmacy to enter and 2,300 for pediatricians. The population would have to more than double for the second professional to enter. To support the second firm, the population per firm in the market would have to increase by 30% for pharmacies, 25% for general practitioners, and almost 40% for pediatricians. However, after the entry of the second firm, the intensity of competition did not change, except for pediatricians. The results were robust to spatial interactions. Our estimates of spatial interactions showed negative (but decreasing) spatial spillover effects for pharmacies, general practitioners, and dentists between 1995 and 2010. In this period, competitive effects prevailed and outweighed demand spillovers. We document that the demand effect continued to grow after 2010 and in 2017 outweighed the competition effect for pharmacies. We show that an increase in the total number of pharmacies since 2010 led to diffusion into smaller markets and that the number of markets without a pharmacy decreased.

EARLY CHILDHOOD PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ READINESS FOR USING DRAWING AS A SCIENCE TEACHING STRATEGY

EARLY CHILDHOOD PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ READINESS FOR USING DRAWING AS A SCIENCE TEACHING STRATEGY

Author(s): Ainara Achurra,Teresa Zamalloa,Araitz Uskola / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2022

Keywords: early childhood education; drawing science; teachers’ readiness; science education;

The use of drawings for science learning helps students to develop communication, modelling, and reasoning skills. Teachers should be trained to use them. This study addresses the readiness (knowledge, confidence and awareness of the importance and usefulness of drawings) of 120 preservice teachers (PSTs) for using teacher-made drawings as a strategy for teaching science, after participating in activities in which they used drawing as a way to represent scientific knowledge. The knowledge of how to draw was analysed by evaluating the presence of interrelated components, mechanisms and phenomena in drawings of the digestive system. Open questions were used to examine three aspects: confidence, awareness of the importance and awareness of the usefulness. Exploratory cluster analyses were also conducted. 69% scored low in knowledge, more than 90% scored high in awareness of the importance and of the usefulness. 28% showed high confidence. No PSTs with high knowledge and low confidence were found. All PSTs with high knowledge showed high awareness of the importance. It is concluded that in order to prepare teachers for using drawings in science teaching, teacher education programs should include the development of drawing skills that could enhance their confidence and awareness of its importance.

JAMES TURRELL’S LIGHT INSTALLATIONS

JAMES TURRELL’İN IŞIKLA ŞEKİLLENEN ENSTALASYONLARI

Author(s): Bengü Batu Ertung / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 97/2022

Keywords: Installation; light installations; perception;

After the 1960s, the approach of using light technologies as an artistic tool began to become prevalent among artists. Over time, there has been a transformation from the representation of light to its reality, to its physical existence, and from there to a fundamental element that shapes artistic projects with the effect of new technologies. Light ceased to be a means, a subject of description, and turned into a medium, into the practice itself. Artists who started to use light as the main material in the creation of artistic projects, especially by exploring the relationship of light with our perception and experience, design installations that change the way people perceive their daily visual environment and encourage high perceptual awareness. The accessible installations of one of the pioneering artists of the Light and Space Movement, James Turrell, focus on our spatial experience, created by the direction of light, and the effects of this experience on our perception. In his work, Turrell is influenced by the texts of Maurice Merleau Ponty and scientific studies on the optical phenomenon known as the Ganzfeld effect. In the study, James Turrell's accessible light installations, which intervene with natural and artificial light, space, and architecture with the descriptive analysis method, will be examined in terms of perceptual experience, color and space, the main elements that shape the artist's work.

ASPECTS OF LINGUISTIC FUNCTIONALISM IN BIBLE TRANSLATION. SOME TRENDS IN THE CONTEMPORARY CANONICAL HUNGARIAN BIBLE TRANSLATIONS

ASPECTS OF LINGUISTIC FUNCTIONALISM IN BIBLE TRANSLATION. SOME TRENDS IN THE CONTEMPORARY CANONICAL HUNGARIAN BIBLE TRANSLATIONS

Author(s): Tibor M. Pintér / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2022

Keywords: Bible translation; functionalism; translation studies; Bible; language ideologies;

There are several Hungarian translations of the Bible serving at the same time: Translations are re-translations of the same text using revisions of ancient Bible texts. The language of the Bible should be “natural”, helping readers to comprehend it with the least effort. This effort is driven by direct and indirect translations showing more or less functional approaches to translation presenting texts by using methods of formal and functional equivalence. The paper provides a glimpse into contemporary canonical Hungarian translations, revealing the linguistic ideologies of the translator and the needs of the reader (in what manner linguistic ideologies have influence on the translation). Translation approaches are going to be “scaled” in the microstructure, showing possibilities of research to be done in the macrostructure of the translations. Examples are shown to reveal the intentions of the translator(s) helping readers to grasp the meaning of the source text.

Perceived Partner Responsiveness and Intimate Partner Cyberstalking: The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration

Perceived Partner Responsiveness and Intimate Partner Cyberstalking: The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration

Author(s): İbrahim Sönmez,Gaye Solmazer / Language(s): English / Issue: 26/2022

Keywords: Cyberstalking; romantic relationships; basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration; perceived partner responsiveness;

Cyberstalking in romantic relationships can have psychological consequences for victims, suggesting that there is a need to understand the factors behind such behaviors. Hence, the present study explored the relationship between perceived partner responsiveness and cyberstalking. It also investigated the mediating role of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in this relationship. The final sample consisted of 212 Turkish individuals (Mage = 27.31, SD = 8.14, Min-Max = 18-58 years) who were in a romantic relationship for over one month. They completed an online questionnaire package to measure perceived partner responsiveness, cyberstalking in intimate romantic relationships, and basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration. The results of current study showed that perceived partner responsiveness and basic psychological need frustration were significantly correlated with cyberstalking in intimate romantic relationships. In addition, perceived partner responsiveness was indirectly related to cyberstalking through need frustration. In conclusion, these findings provide insight into the negative relationship between perceived partner responsiveness and cyberstalking and the mediating role of basic need frustration on this relationship.