29. МЕЂУНАРОДНИ КОНГРЕС РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНЕ И РЕВИЗОРСКЕ ПРОФЕСИЈЕ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ САВРЕМЕНИ РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИ ИЗАЗОВИ МУЛТИДИМЕНЗИОНАЛНА ПРИРОДА СЛОЖЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИОНИХ ПОТРЕБА
29th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING PROFESSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNTING CHALLENGES THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL NATURE OF COMPLEX INFORMATION NEEDS
Contributor(s): Novak Kondić (Editor)
Subject(s): National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, Human Resources in Economy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Business Ethics, Socio-Economic Research, Green Transformation
Published by: Savez računovođa i revizora Republike Srpske
Keywords: accounting; auditing; Republic of Srpska; economy; Green Transformation; nergy and Environmental Studies; financial markets;
Summary/Abstract: Бања Врућица, хотел Кардиал, 24–26. септембар 2025./ Banja Vrućica, Hotel Kardial, September 24–26, 2025.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-99976-801-2-9
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-99976-801-2-9
- Page Count: 548
- Publication Year: 2025
- Language: Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
БОРБА ПРОТИВ „ЗЕЛЕНОГ ОБМАЊИВАЊА“ ПОМОЋУ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ И ФОРЕНЗИЧКОГ РАЧУНОВОДСТВА
БОРБА ПРОТИВ „ЗЕЛЕНОГ ОБМАЊИВАЊА“ ПОМОЋУ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ И ФОРЕНЗИЧКОГ РАЧУНОВОДСТВА
(COMBATING GREENWASHING THROUGH SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND FORENSIC ACCOUNTING)
- Author(s):Dragan Đuričin
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Financial Markets, Socio-Economic Research, Green Transformation
- Page Range:11-30
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Serbia; polycrisis; polytransition; climate change; green transition; sustainability; green financing; greenwashing; sustainability reporting; integrated performance measurement system; forensic accounting;
- Summary/Abstract:The completion of the green transition and the build-up of a sustainable economy adaptive to climate change primarily require changes in performance measurement systems through the inclusion of negative external effects, as well as corresponding adjustments in the financing of the green transition, particularly with respect to climate-related risk assessment. Both changes ensure that financial flows and stocks are aligned with the sustainable development goals (17 UN SDGs) and the sustainability goals relevant to individual business entities (ESG), thereby enabling the development of a circular growth model with net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and a climate-neutral growth pathway. This, in turn, requires integrated reporting, namely, the simultaneous reporting of financial performance and environmental impact, or sustainability. Both perspectives are closely related to the issue of greenwashing. Specifically, answering the question of how the climate alignment of financing is assessed requires, among other things, a set of complementary metrics to address greenwashing risk. In accounting there are two main approaches to preventing greenwashing: integrated performance reporting and forensic accounting. These approaches are complementary. To eliminate gaps in understanding and restore an accurate picture, forensic accounting must cover all layers of the financial system: investments in the real economy, financial assets across various asset classes, financial institutions, and regulators. Following the previous line of reasoning, the paper is organized around six fundamental issues. Part 1 examines the relationship between polycrisis and polytransition, commonly referred to as the „green transition“. Part 2 addresses the level of completion of the green transition. The key focus of Part 3 is the impact of green financing and asymmetric information on greenwashing. Part 4 is dedicated to greenwashing per se. Parts 5 and 6 deal with the main approaches to combating greenwashing, integrated performance reporting and forensic accounting, respectively. The paper closes with a conclusion.
- Price: 10.00 €
ВЈЕШТАЧКА ИНТЕЛИГЕНЦИЈА У ФИНАНСИЈСКОМ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊУ: КОРИСТИ ЗА ЕКСТЕРНЕ КОРИСНИКЕ
ВЈЕШТАЧКА ИНТЕЛИГЕНЦИЈА У ФИНАНСИЈСКОМ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊУ: КОРИСТИ ЗА ЕКСТЕРНЕ КОРИСНИКЕ
(ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FINANCIAL REPORTING: BENEFITS FOR EXTERNAL USERS)
- Author(s):Branko Krsmanović
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:31-44
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:artificial intelligence; financial reporting; external users; automation;
- Summary/Abstract:The accelerated digital transformation is strongly affecting financial reporting, changing the way financial information is created, analyzed and used. At the core of these changes is artificial intelligence (AI). Standard approaches to reporting cannot meet the market requests for distinct, timely and user-friendly information. Apart from previously stated, the emphasis is on prediction requirement and better understanding of business. Artificial intelligence offers solutions for large data analization, reporting processes automation, tendencies detection and reporting. The aim of this paper is to examine the benefits of applying AI in financial reporting, focusing on external users. The methodological approach includes a review and analysis of secondary data sources and analysis of case studies of the AI implementation in financial reporting. The research results exhibit how the application of AI improves the quality, speed and versatility of financial reporting. AI transforms financial reporting, providing external users with approach to exceptional, timely and significant information in the process of business decisions making.
- Price: 10.00 €
ПРИМЕНА М-СКОРА У ДЕТЕКТОВАЊУ МАНИПУЛАЦИЈА У ФИНАНСИЈСКИМ ИЗВЕШТАЈИМА ЈАВНИХ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА: ШТА СЕ НАЛАЗИ ИСПОД ПОВРШИНЕ БИЛАНСА?
ПРИМЕНА М-СКОРА У ДЕТЕКТОВАЊУ МАНИПУЛАЦИЈА У ФИНАНСИЈСКИМ ИЗВЕШТАЈИМА ЈАВНИХ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА: ШТА СЕ НАЛАЗИ ИСПОД ПОВРШИНЕ БИЛАНСА?
(APPLICATION OF THE M-SCORE IN DETECTING MANIPULATIONS IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF PUBLIC COMPANIES: WHAT LIES BENEATH THE SURFACE OF THE BALANCE SHEET?)
- Author(s):Dejan Malinić, Maja Ribić
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:45-65
- No. of Pages:21
- Keywords:public enterprises; state-owned enterprises; performance measurement; accrual accounting; manipulations; fraud; M-Score; fraud triangle;
- Summary/Abstract:Investigating the operations of public enterprises has long posed a significant challenge. These entities are highly distinctive due to their economic, social, and political relevance. Their importance further stems from the fact that many are fully or partially state-owned, potentially contributing substantially to the gross domestic product and employing a considerable workforce. Moreover, public enterprises often rely on state budgets, particularly during periods of crisis, which can obscure inefficiencies. Empirical evidence from numerous studies worldwide indicates that state-owned enterprises are generally less efficient than private companies, suggesting that the state’s ownership role is not always exercised optimally. The efficiency of public enterprises is further challenged by low levels of corporate governance, limited business transparency, absence of genuine accountability, and inadequate monitoring, all compounded by exposure to political influence. Under such circumstances, particularly when performance falls short of expectations or lags behind that of comparable private companies, management may face the delicate task of presenting results more favorably than they actually are, potentially giving rise to financial statement manipulation. In light of these specific characteristics, this paper focuses on examining the likelihood of fraud in the financial reporting of public enterprises. In this context, the five-component Beneish M-Score model was employed to assess the likelihood of financial statement manipulation in public enterprises, with a particular focus on large entities. The findings reveal a tangible risk of manipulation, highlighting that preventive measures are at least as crucial as fraud detection in mitigating or substantially reducing potential adverse consequences. Accordingly, these results are expected to heighten the attention of relevant institutions overseeing the operations of public enterprises, and to promote the use of early warning signals for the proactive identification and prevention of fraud risk.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИНТЕГРИСАЊЕ ПОСЛОВНО-ФИНАНСИЈСКЕ И ЕSG ОДРЖИВОСТИ ‒ Потреба, изазови и контроверзе ‒
ИНТЕГРИСАЊЕ ПОСЛОВНО-ФИНАНСИЈСКЕ И ЕSG ОДРЖИВОСТИ ‒ Потреба, изазови и контроверзе ‒
(INTEGRATION OF BUSINESS-FINANCIAL AND ESG SUSTAINABILITY ‒ Need, Challenges and Controversies –)
- Author(s):Radomir Božić
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:67-86
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:business-financial sustainability; business continuity; business model; corporate and social responsibility; ESG sustainability and reporting;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper aims to point out the need, challenges and controversies of integrating the going concern and ESG sustainability of companies and reporting on them in the current and expected business and regulatory environment. The first part of the paper elaborates on the business and financial sustainability of the company’s operations, based on the business model and strategies that are continuously reviewed and adjusted in order to maintain an appropriate competitive position, as well as the continuous assessment of indicators of the yield, asset and financial position and the sustainability and continuity of the business in the long term, as prerequisites for achieving the target function, understood as creating value for owners, but also other stakeholders. The second part of the paper focuses on the environmental and social aspects of ESG sustainability and reporting and the need to integrate them into the business and reporting models of companies in the current and expected business environment in the context of transposing sustainable development goals to the microeconomic level. The third part of the paper points to the interactions of business-financial and ESG sustainability and reporting in order to ensure the sustainability of the company’s operations and the interests of all stakeholders in the long term, including environmentally and socially responsible business. The fundamental messages and conclusions are synthesized in the final part of the paper.
- Price: 10.00 €
GREENWASHING У ЕРИ ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА
GREENWASHING У ЕРИ ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА
(GREENWASHING IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ERA)
- Author(s):Evica Petrović, Jelena Stanković
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Financial Markets, Business Ethics, Green Transformation
- Page Range:87-102
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:ESG performance; corporate social responsibility; greeenwashing; greenwashing indicator; actual green performance; perceived green performance; ecology; deception; economy;
- Summary/Abstract:The twenty-first century has introduced innovations to the field of corporate policies, transparency, the value and importance of the brand image, as well as the shortcuts aimed at achieving all this. This paper outlines a conceptual framework for determining the greenwashing indicators at the company level, based on five informational pillars that encompass the key drivers of greenwashing – soft ESG data, narrative disclosure/ textual self-presentation, green marketing expenditures, green virtue as a means for achieving perceived green performance, and hard ESG data as a measure of actual green performance. The greenwashing indicator itself is based on the gap between the actual and perceived green performance.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИНТЕГРАЦИЈА НЕФИНАНЦИЈСКИХ ИНДИКАТОРА У СИСТЕМ ИНТЕРНОГ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА
ИНТЕГРАЦИЈА НЕФИНАНЦИЈСКИХ ИНДИКАТОРА У СИСТЕМ ИНТЕРНОГ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА
(INTEGRATING NON-FINANCIAL INDICATORS INTO INTERNAL REPORTING SYSTEMS)
- Author(s):Brano Markić, Marko Markić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:103-119
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:accounting reporting; indicator integration; database qualitative indicators;
- Summary/Abstract:In today’s business environment, financial indicators ‒ such as revenue, profit margin, or capital turnover ‒ while important for measuring short-term performance, often do not provide a complete picture of a company’s actual condition or its long-term sustainability. Therefore, non-financial indicators ‒ such as customer satisfaction and loyalty, service quality, employee motivation, and corporate image ‒ are becoming increasingly important in business and managerial reporting. However, while some companies systematically monitor and analyze qualitative data, others still rely almost exclusively on financial indicators. This paper explores the importance of non-financial indicators in accounting reporting and managerial decisionmaking, as they directly reveal how sustainable a business is in the long term, contributing to a more comprehensive assessment of its overall success and competitiveness. In fact, a relatively small number of companies integrate qualitative, non-financial indicators into their accounting information systems. Their inclusion in audit reports is even rarer. The paper demonstrates how different approaches to indicators affect management, competitiveness, and long-term business performance. Additionally, the experimental section of the paper shows that, in the modern business context, the use of non-financial indicators is becoming less a matter of choice and more a necessity. A database for non-financial indicators was developed, along with options for its integration with operational databases. This enables the calculation of values for qualitative (non-financial) indicators and their merging with financial indicators into a complete, unified reporting system.
- Price: 10.00 €
SUSTAINABILITY BALANCED SCORECARD КАО АЛАТ СТРАТЕГИЈСКЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЈЕ: ИНТЕГРАЦИЈА ОДРЖИВОСТИ У СИСТЕМ УПРАВЉАЊА ПЕРФОРМАНСАМА
SUSTAINABILITY BALANCED SCORECARD КАО АЛАТ СТРАТЕГИЈСКЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЈЕ: ИНТЕГРАЦИЈА ОДРЖИВОСТИ У СИСТЕМ УПРАВЉАЊА ПЕРФОРМАНСАМА
(SUSTAINABILITY BALANCED SCORECARD AS A TOOL FOR STRATEGIC TRANSFORMATION: INTEGRATING SUSTAINABILITY INTO THE PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM)
- Author(s):Blagoje Novićević, Bojana Novićević Čečević
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, Green Transformation
- Page Range:121-137
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:sustainability; ESG indicators; strategic management; performance measurement; non-financial reporting; BSC perspectives;
- Summary/Abstract:In today’s business environment, characterized by increasing demands for transparency and sustainable development, the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) emerges as an innovative framework for linking traditional performance measurement with sustainability goals. This paper aims to explore the possibilities of integrating ESG indicators into the existing Balanced Scorecard structure—through the financial, customer, internal, and learning and growth perspectives—and to analyze the arguments for and against introducing a dedicated fifth sustainability perspective. By applying an analysis of contemporary literature and a comparative review of real-world models, the paper identifies key metrics that enable integrated reporting. Special attention is given to companies in transitional economies, with a focus on Serbia, the Republic of Srpska, and Montenegro. Case studies show that the SBSC can significantly contribute not only to operational optimization but also to alignment with the ESG requirements of relevant stakeholders. Finally, the paper proposes guidelines for implementing the SBSC methodology in companies aiming to balance economic performance with the principles of sustainable development.
- Price: 10.00 €
ОДРЖИВО ПОСЛОВАЊЕ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
ОДРЖИВО ПОСЛОВАЊЕ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
(SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS OPERATIONS)
- Author(s):Dejan Mikerević, Silvije Orsag
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration, Green Transformation
- Page Range:139-160
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:sustainable business; company value analysis; business indicators; use of leveragе;
- Summary/Abstract:The basis for successful business operations of companies in modern times is based on the formation of sustainable business models in accordance with the enormous uncertainties that accompany the global business environment. In this context of sustainability, the paper analyzes the value of the company through the evaluation of the present value of free cash flow, various multipliers (ratio analysis) and added value. In addition, various indicators of the company’s business operations are included in the consideration of business sustainability, such as indicators of profitability, activity, indebtedness and liquidity. It is highlighted as a very important aspect of business and the danger of excessive use of financial leverage is analyzed in more detail, which in turbulent times can jeopardize the sustainable business operations of companies and put them at risk of bankruptcy, i.e. increasing the likelihood of business failure because it becomes unsustainable. Companies operate within the framework of a globalized integrated world economic and social system and must comply with all the highest standards, set rules and best practices in the current era.
- Price: 10.00 €
РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНЕ ИНФОРМАЦИЈЕ КАО ИНСТРУМЕНТ РЕГУЛАТОРНЕ КОНТРОЛЕ ПРАЊА НОВЦА ПУТЕМ КРИПТОВАЛУТА
РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНЕ ИНФОРМАЦИЈЕ КАО ИНСТРУМЕНТ РЕГУЛАТОРНЕ КОНТРОЛЕ ПРАЊА НОВЦА ПУТЕМ КРИПТОВАЛУТА
(ACCOUNTING INFORMATION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF REGULATORY CONTROL OF MONEY LAUNDERING THROUGH CRYPTOCURRENCIES)
- Author(s):Mirko Andrić, Aleksandar Petković
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Business Ethics, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:161-176
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:accounting; cryptocurrencies; money laundering; regulation; transparency;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper investigates the role of accounting information in the detection and prevention of money laundering through cryptocurrencies. Through selected theoretical frameworks, the weaknesses of existing regulatory mechanisms and the need to integrate accounting standards into AML systems are analyzed. Special emphasis is placed on DeFi markets, KYC/CDD procedures and institutional reactions (FATF, OECD, USA, EU, Serbia). Accounting data is seen as a potential tool in the fight against illegal money flows in the digital economy.
- Price: 10.00 €
СТРАТЕГИЈА И ТАКТИКА УПРАВЉАЊА ПОТРАЖИВАЊИМА ОД КУПАЦА
СТРАТЕГИЈА И ТАКТИКА УПРАВЉАЊА ПОТРАЖИВАЊИМА ОД КУПАЦА
(STRATEGY AND TACTICS OF MANAGEMENT OF CUSTOMER RECEIVABLES)
- Author(s):Dragan Mikerević, Đoko Malešević
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration, Human Resources in Economy, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:177-200
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:strategy; tactics; credit standards; terms of sale; collection risks; differential profit; differential investment; cash-discount; discount period; credit period;
- Summary/Abstract:In an effort for the company to operate successfully, it is necessary to design an appropriate strategy and tactics for managing recivables from customer. In the economy of Republika Srpska, the share of receivables from customers in total business assets is about 11%, and in current assets about 32%. This is a significant space for the management to significantly influence the volume and structure of sales on deferred payment (credit) and the final outcome of the company‘s business through the formation of a credit policy towards customers. When designing this strategy and management tactics, the following should be taken into account: credit standards (buyer‘s creditworthiness), terms of sale (lending), policy of collecting receivables from customers. None of these determinants is easy to solve, because, for example, when creating sales conditions, the current stock of finished products, the degree of utilization of production capacities and the impact on the financial strength of the company must also be taken into account, which means that in designing this strategy and tactics, in addition to the financial function, it is necessary to include the sales and production functions. That is why it is important to define the goals of receivables management with a strategy as the skill of using funds and sources of financing, and with the tactics of their management to make the goals realistically achievable and which will serve to strengthen the company‘s financial power.
- Price: 10.00 €
ЕКОЛОШКА ДИМЕНЗИЈА ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ – НОРМАТИВНИ ОКВИР И АНАЛИЗА ПРАКСЕ У СРПСКИМ КОМПАНИЈАМА
ЕКОЛОШКА ДИМЕНЗИЈА ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ – НОРМАТИВНИ ОКВИР И АНАЛИЗА ПРАКСЕ У СРПСКИМ КОМПАНИЈАМА
(ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING – NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK AND PRACTICE ANALYSIS IN SERBIAN COMPANIES)
- Author(s):Dejan Jovanović, Milena Jakšić
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration, Green Transformation
- Page Range:201-222
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:sustainability reporting; environmental dimension; normative framework; companies; Serbia;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to examine and contribute to the understanding of the environmental dimension of sustainability reporting through the analysis of the relevant regulatory framework and disclosure practices in companies operating in Serbia. The research focuses on key topics such as greenhouse gas emissions, energy, environmental pollution, biodiversity and ecosystem conservation, waste management, and the application of circular economy principles. Particular attention is given to the identification of normative requirements in the field of environmental reporting, both at the international and national levels. The empirical part of the paper is based on a multiple case study involving Serbian companies that published sustainability reports for 2024. The analysis focuses on the content of the reports, compliance with applicable standards, and the identification of challenges in the process of disclosing environmental information. The results indicate that companies monitor greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, water pollution, and waste management; however, limited attention is given to biodiversity and ecosystem issues, while circular economy aspects are the least represented in sustainability reports regarding the environmental impact of companies. Furthermore, the analyzed companies prepare their sustainability reports in line with the Global Reporting Initiative standards, but insufficient attention is still devoted to the verification of these reports.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИЗАЗОВИ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ ЗА МАЛА И СРЕДЊА ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
ИЗАЗОВИ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ ЗА МАЛА И СРЕДЊА ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
(CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES)
- Author(s):Jelena Poljašević
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
- Page Range:223-240
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:small and medium entrepraises; sustainability reporting; sustainability framework;
- Summary/Abstract:Small and medium-sized enterprises represent over 90% of all enterprises globally, and therefore their impact on the climate, environment and natural resources is significant. Achieving sustainable development goals requires the inclusion of these enterprises in the green transition, and providing information on their contribution to achieving social and environmental goals. Sustainability reporting has become a prerequisite for these enterprises in accessing financial resources, their inclusion in value chains, and meeting regulatory reporting requirements. On this path, small and medium-sized enterprises face a number of challenges, the most notable of which are the lack of expertise, financial and other resources, the absence of innovation and strategic commitment, and institutional support. One of the challenges is certainly the lack of a single framework that would be used for sustainability reporting, which would be adapted to the needs of these enterprises. Analyzing the legislative framework of neighboring countries, that are not members of the European Union, it was determined that there are no requirements for sustainability reporting for small and medium-sized enterprises. It can also be observed that there is a lack of institutional support for these enterprises in terms of incentives for reporting, support for innovation, and the like. On the other hand, reporting frameworks for large companies in these countries, based on criteria that differ from those in the EU, are not specified, and the choice is left to the companies themselves.
- Price: 10.00 €
АНАЛИЗА ДЕТЕРМИНАНТИ ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА НА ИНТЕРНЕТУ У АКЦИОНАРСКИМ ДРУШТВИМА БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
АНАЛИЗА ДЕТЕРМИНАНТИ ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА НА ИНТЕРНЕТУ У АКЦИОНАРСКИМ ДРУШТВИМА БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
(DETERMINANTS OF INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING: EVIDENCE FROM JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)
- Author(s):Bojana Vuković, Dejan Jakšić
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Micro-Economics, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
- Page Range:241-261
- No. of Pages:21
- Keywords:Internet financial reporting; joint-stock companies; Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- Summary/Abstract:Contemporary digital transformation processes have significantly influenced financial reporting practices, with internet-based reporting emerging as a key instrument for enhancing the transparency and accessibility of financial information. This study aims to identify the key determinants of internet financial reporting (IFR) among joint-stock companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the IFR index as a measure of the scope and depth of disclosed information. The empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 45 companies for the year 2024, applying multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that profitability, indebtedness, and current liquidity exert a statistically significant negative effect on the level of IFR. Additionally, industry-specific effects were found to be significant. Companies in the agriculture, fishing, and forestry sectors exhibit significantly lower IFR index scores compared to those in the manufacturing sector. In contrast, companies operating in the financial and insurance sector, as well as in real estate activities, demonstrate more extensive online disclosure of financial information. The results provide relevant insights for policymakers and regulatory bodies. The IFR index is positioned as a strategic tool that enhances financial transparency and accountability, while also contributing to investor confidence and the more efficient functioning of capital markets.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИНФОРМАЦИОНА РЕЛЕВАНТНОСТ ПОКАЗАТЕЉА ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ ИНТЕЛЕКТУАЛНОГ КАПИТАЛА
ИНФОРМАЦИОНА РЕЛЕВАНТНОСТ ПОКАЗАТЕЉА ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ ИНТЕЛЕКТУАЛНОГ КАПИТАЛА
(INFORMАTIONAL RELEVANCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL VALUE INDICATORS)
- Author(s):Predrag Gajić, Milica Marić
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Sociology of Culture, Financial Markets, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:263-294
- No. of Pages:32
- Keywords:intellectual capital; intangible assets; intellectual capital measurement; challenges in intellectual capital measurements,
- Summary/Abstract:The importance of the accounting function, with its tasks of recording, measuring, and reporting on the resources used by an enterprise and the effects of such consumption, is continually being reassessed due to changing business conditions and increasing informational demands. In this context, ever since the significance of intellectual capital has been recognized in terms of successful business operations and market positioning, the accounting theory has “responded” by identifying the indicators of the individual components of intellectual capital. This article provides an overview of these indicators, along with their appropriate systematization. On the other hand, despite the numerous proposeд models and approaches, accounting theory has achieved less success in evaluating intellectual capital as a whole. Therefore, in addition to reviewing the proposed variants and their potential applications, the article includes an analysis of the reasons behind the inability to apply a unified methodology for valuation of intellectual capital, as well as a review of the challenges this activity will face in the future.
- Price: 10.00 €
УПРАВЉАЊЕ ФИНАНСИЈСКИМ РЕЗУЛТАТОМ КАО СТРАТЕГИЈА ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА: МОДАЛИТЕТИ, МОТИВИ И ИМПЛИКАЦИЈЕ
УПРАВЉАЊЕ ФИНАНСИЈСКИМ РЕЗУЛТАТОМ КАО СТРАТЕГИЈА ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА: МОДАЛИТЕТИ, МОТИВИ И ИМПЛИКАЦИЈЕ
(EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AS A FINANCIAL REPORTING STRATEGY: MODALITIES, MOTIVES, AND IMPLICATIONS)
- Author(s):Teodora Tica Ilić, Kristina Peštović
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:295-310
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:discretionary accruals; predictive model; Republic of Serbia;
- Summary/Abstract:Earnings management is increasingly engaged as a strategic instrument within financial reporting, aiming to optimize the presentation of business performance and respond to the expectations of markets, shareholders, and regulatory bodies. This study explores the motives, modalities, and implications of such practices, with a particular focus on developing a predictive model able to timely identify accounting manipulations based on current financial statement data. Discretionary accruals, used as a proxy for earnings management, are calculated using the Modified Jones Model, methodologically adjusted to detect opportunistic accounting behaviour. Utilizing a sample of business entities from the Republic of Serbia, and applying regression analysis supported by statistical software tools, the research develops a model that identifies statistically significant determinants of earnings management, including profitability, firm size, sales growth, liquidity, asset structure, changes in net income, net income growth, firm age, and legal form. The implementation results indicate a high predictive accuracy of the model in distinguishing managerial behaviour patterns across observed entities. This approach provides managers, auditors, investors, and regulators with a practical tool for improved decision-making, enhanced reporting transparency, and reduced information asymmetry, thereby contributing to stronger corporate governance and the sustainable development of capital markets.
- Price: 10.00 €
РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИ СИСТЕМ КАО ФАКТОР КВАЛИТЕТА РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИЈА
РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИ СИСТЕМ КАО ФАКТОР КВАЛИТЕТА РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИЈА
(ACCOUNTING SYSTEM AS A FACTOR OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION QUALITY)
- Author(s):Mirjana Todorović
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
- Page Range:311-328
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:accounting information; quality; quality factors; accounting information system (AIS);
- Summary/Abstract:Accounting information is a factor of business success and it is very important that it has quality properties. Considerations of the quality and usability of accounting information are very complex and multidimensional for several reasons. Quality depends on a large number of factors and is an expression of the subjective perception of the user regarding the usefulness or use value of a good (in the case of accounting information, it is an intangible/intangible good). Since it is a subjective perception of usefulness, quality considerations should also include the perspective of the information users (in the case of accounting information, the focus is on internal users). Also, accounting information is a product or result of the accounting process, but considering its quality also implies analyzing the outcome. Outcomes are the effects resulting from the use of accounting information, and therefore it can be said that outcomes are the ultimate measure of usefulness, i.e. the quality of accounting information. Considering outcomes also raises the question of measuring the quality of accounting information and the accounting information system (AIS). Having all the above in mind, the goal set by this paper is to identify and analyze various aspects of the organization, functioning and characteristics of AIS in the context of achieving the quality of accounting information. The paper presents the results of a comprehensive, theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of the accounting system (AIS) and its characteristics on the quality of accounting information.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊЕ О ОДРЖИВОСТИ И РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНА ПРОФЕСИЈА У ФЕДЕРАЦИЈИ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊЕ О ОДРЖИВОСТИ И РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНА ПРОФЕСИЈА У ФЕДЕРАЦИЈИ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
(SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND THE PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANT IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)
- Author(s):Igor Živko, Josipa Grbavac, Marko Barbarić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):National Economy, Accounting - Business Administration
- Page Range:329-344
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:sustainability reporting; awareness; professional accountants; Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; education;
- Summary/Abstract:The request of different stakeholders, regarding the publication of the social, economic and environmental effects of companies on society have led to the increasingly frequent publication of this sustainability information by companies. Companies have recognized the benefits that sustainability reporting enables them such as long-term competitive advantage, employee motivation, increased profitability, cost reduction, improved reputation, which in turn can improve competitive advantage, increase profit margins, attract investors and increase the long-term value of the company. In addition to these „good“ aspects of sustainability reporting, sustainability reporting brings certain problems to companies. The main problem for the public is the different practice of reporting and the lack of verification that would enable confidence and comparability of this information. However, despite the problems, the inclusion of sustainability reporting in the reporting of business entities is inevitable. In this transformation process, professional accountants have a important role. They are at the center of creating information that is a assumption for making quality sustainable decisions. In this context, the skills and competencies of accountants become a prerequisite for connecting financial and nonfinancial information and creating quality sustainable reporting. Paper will provide answers on three questions: Firstly, about awareness of sustainability and sustainability reporting in accounting profession in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, then how much is accounting profession familiar with the concept of sustainability and its reporting, and at the end to examine the need for education about sustainability and sustainability reporting among accountants. The provided results were collected through a survey.
- Price: 10.00 €
УПРАВЉАЊЕ КЛИМАТСКИМ РИЗИЦИМА НА НИВОУ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
УПРАВЉАЊЕ КЛИМАТСКИМ РИЗИЦИМА НА НИВОУ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
(FIRM-LEVEL CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT)
- Author(s):Milan Čupić
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Environmental interactions, Accounting - Business Administration, Green Transformation
- Page Range:345-361
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:climate risks; risk management; TCFD; ISSB; ESRS;
- Summary/Abstract:Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency and severity of chronic and acute climate and weather events, and consequently an increase in the frequency and severity of risks affecting businesses, financial systems and entire economies. That is why research studies on the relationship between climate change and economic development has been numerous in the last few decades. However, research on the exposure of businesses and assets to climate risks has become more frequent only in the last few years. The aim of the paper is to point out the possibilities for including climate risks in enterprise risk management. The paper points out the types of climate risks, approaches to measuring and assessing climate risks, approaches to managing climate risks and opportunities, as well as recommendations and standards of disclosing information about climate risks and opportunities.
- Price: 10.00 €
СИСТЕМ ИНТЕРНЕ КОНТРОЛЕ У ФУНКЦИЈИ УНАПРЕЂЕЊА ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
СИСТЕМ ИНТЕРНЕ КОНТРОЛЕ У ФУНКЦИЈИ УНАПРЕЂЕЊА ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА ПРЕДУЗЕЋА
(INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE FUNCTION OF IMPROVING THE COMPANY’S FINANCIAL REPORTING)
- Author(s):Biljana Jovković
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
- Page Range:363-384
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:internal control system; control activities; financial reporting;
- Summary/Abstract:Adequately designed internal control that functions properly is crucial for the successful operation of a company. Considering that there is no single internal control system that would suit all companies, the company strives to develop an internal control system that acts as a mechanism that ensures that the company’s business activities are carried out in a planned and prescribed manner. In the context of financial reporting, internal control should provide reasonable assurance about the reliability of financial statements and prevent fraudulent financial reporting. Therefore, internal control is equally important for both management and audit bodies. The subject of the paper will be an assessment of the quality of internal control, as the basic and most important form of control in a company, and its contribution to financial reporting. The main objective of the paper is to obtain relevant knowledge that will indicate the impact of internal control in increasing the quality of a company’s financial reporting. Controls will be analyzed for segregation of duties, controls to prevent access by unauthorized persons, ensuring double-checking of business operations, and all other prescribed measures, methods, and procedures, the aim of which is to ensure that daily operations are conducted in a manner that ensures compliance with the law, good business practices, as well as the prevention of errors, misconceptions, and dishonest intentions. The results of research into the role of internal control in improving corporate financial reporting will be presented, as well as the limitations of the research conducted and recommendations for improving internal controls.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИЗАЗОВИ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ У КОНТЕКСТУ ОМНИБУС ПАКЕТА
ИЗАЗОВИ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА О ОДРЖИВОСТИ У КОНТЕКСТУ ОМНИБУС ПАКЕТА
(ACCOUNTING INFORMATION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF REGULATORY CONTROL OF MONEY LAUNDERING THROUGH CRYPTOCURRENCIES)
- Author(s):Josipa Grbavac
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Business Ethics
- Page Range:385-397
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:sustainability reporting; simplification of reporting; Omnibus package; Voluntary VSME (Very Small and Medium Enterprises);
- Summary/Abstract:This paper analyzes the challenges of sustainability reporting in the European Union,with a particular focus on the 2025 Omnibus package. The regulatory frameworkhas evolved from the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD, 2014), through theCorporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD, 2022), which introduced mandatorystandards (ESRS), the concept of double materiality, and audit requirements, to the recentsimplifications brought by the Omnibus package. The new framework limits obligationsto the largest companies (>1,000 employees), while small and medium-sized enterprisesare offered a voluntary VSME standard. As a result, the number of reporting entities isreduced by approximately 80%, and implementation deadlines are postponed. OmnibusII, combined with the Clean Industrial Deal strategy, aims to increase investments inthe green and digital transition. The paper places special emphasis on Bosnia andHerzegovina, where the largest companies remain carriers of transparency, while SMEsgain a more flexible framework for integration into European value chains. However,reduced reporting scope may limit ESG data availability and affect market attractiveness.Keywords: sustainability reporting, simplification of reporting, Omnibus package,Voluntary VSME (Very Small and Medium Enterprises)
- Price: 10.00 €
РЕПУТАЦИОНИ РИЗИК У ДИГИТАЛНОМ ОКРУЖЕЊУ: УТИЦАЈ НА ФИНАНСИЈСКЕ ПЕРФОРМАНСЕ И ДУГОРОЧНУ ВРИЈЕДНОСТ КОМПАНИЈЕ
РЕПУТАЦИОНИ РИЗИК У ДИГИТАЛНОМ ОКРУЖЕЊУ: УТИЦАЈ НА ФИНАНСИЈСКЕ ПЕРФОРМАНСЕ И ДУГОРОЧНУ ВРИЈЕДНОСТ КОМПАНИЈЕ
(REPUTATIONAL RISK IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT: IMPACT ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND LONG-TERM CORPORATE VALUE)
- Author(s):Tajana Serdar Raković
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Human Resources in Economy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:399-417
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:reputation; reputational risk; corporate financial performance; digital visibility; AI tools;
- Summary/Abstract:Digital transformation, the ubiquity of social media, and intense media exposure have made corporate reputation not only a risk factor, but also one of the most significant intangible assets of a company. This paper explores the perception and measurement of reputational risk in the modern digital environment, with a focus on its impact on financial performance and the long-term value of enterprises.Through a review of theoretical frameworks and a qualitative analysis of three international case studies (Volkswagen, Balenciaga, and KFC), the paper identifies key sources of reputational crises, corporate responses, and market effects.The aim is to connect theoretical insights on reputation with real-world practices, examine the strategic importance of reputation for long-term corporate value, and offer recommendations for better integration of reputation into risk management models and strategic financial decision-making. The findings confirm that reputational crises significantly affect corporate financial performance, reflected not only in stock price declines, but also in adverse changes in sales, market share, stakeholder trust, and regulatory relationships.
- Price: 10.00 €
ИЗАЗОВИ АДАПТАЦИЈЕ И ПЕРЦЕПЦИЈЕ ВЈЕШТАЧКЕ ИНТЕЛИГЕНЦИЈЕ У РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНОЈ ПРОФЕСИЈИ У БИХ
ИЗАЗОВИ АДАПТАЦИЈЕ И ПЕРЦЕПЦИЈЕ ВЈЕШТАЧКЕ ИНТЕЛИГЕНЦИЈЕ У РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНОЈ ПРОФЕСИЈИ У БИХ
(CHALLENGES OF ADAPTATION AND PERCEPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION IN BIH)
- Author(s):Miloš Grujić, Dragana Gajić
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):National Economy, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:419-444
- No. of Pages:26
- Keywords:Artificial Intelligence (AI); accounting profession; digital transformation; financial reporting;
- Summary/Abstract:In a rapidly digitalizing world, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the accounting profession by shifting its focus from routine tasks to strategic consulting and advisory services. This research is important as it explores Bosnian and Herzegovinian accountants‘ perceptions of AI‘s impact on their job stability and future, which is crucial for adapting both the profession and educational systems. The study aimed to assess attitudes toward changes, risks, AI‘s benefits, and readiness for professional development. The findings are valuable for professional associations, educational institutions, and company management. The research was conducted through an anonymous online survey in July 2025, involving 270 accountants and auditors from BiH, mostly highly educated women. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were used to interpret the data. The key findings show that accounting professionals recognize and actively use AI‘s benefits to improve efficiency, accuracy, and reduce fraud risks. At the same time, respondents acknowledge a lack of essential skills needed for an AI-driven environment and express concern about „deskilling“—the loss of skills due to dependence on technology. Despite this, the analysis reveals that employers are not investing enough in AI training for their staff. Additionally, respondents view existing ethical and regulatory frameworks as insufficient for effectively managing AI implementation, with moderate concern about bias in AI algorithms. The results indicate that demographic factors like age, gender, and professional position significantly influence perceptions. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the need for investment in employee training and the development of strong ethical and regulatory frameworks to support the successful transition of the accounting profession in BiH into the AI era.
- Price: 10.00 €
ПОСЛОВНА АНАЛИЗА И КОНТРОЛИНГ КАО ОКВИР ЗА УНАПРЕЂЕЊЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОНЕ ПОДРШКЕ МЕНАЏМЕНТУ У ЕРИ КОМПЛЕКСНОСТИ
ПОСЛОВНА АНАЛИЗА И КОНТРОЛИНГ КАО ОКВИР ЗА УНАПРЕЂЕЊЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОНЕ ПОДРШКЕ МЕНАЏМЕНТУ У ЕРИ КОМПЛЕКСНОСТИ
(BUSINESS ANALYSIS AND CONTROLLING AS A FRAMEWORK FOR ENHANCING MANAGERIAL INFORMATION SUPPORT IN THE ERA OF COMPLEXITY)
- Author(s):Miroslav Čavlin, Veljko Dmitrović
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:445-468
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:business analysis; controlling; clinical analytical model; synergy; integrated managerial support;
- Summary/Abstract:This study focused on examining the role of business analysis and controlling as integrated mechanisms of managerial support under conditions of complexity and uncertainty. Special emphasis was placed on the development of the clinical analytical model and the conceptualization of synergistic controlling as instruments for improving decisionmaking quality. Methodologically, the research was grounded in a qualitative approach that encompassed theoretical-conceptual analysis and comparative observation of selected Serbian enterprises with varying ownership structures and management styles. The analysis revealed that managerial support models vary significantly depending on the type of ownership and prevailing management style, with synergistic controlling models being more prevalent in organizationally mature systems. The study concluded that the integration of business analysis and controlling is essential for improving informational relevance and strategic management in contemporary business environments. The paper contributes to the theoretical deepening of the relationship between analysis and controlling and enhances the practical understanding of their development within transitional market contexts.
- Price: 10.00 €
УЛОГА НАПРЕДНИХ РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИОНИХ СИСТЕМА У ОСТВАРИВАЊУ РАВНОТЕЖЕ ИЗМЕЂУ ИНТЕРНЕ КОНТРОЛЕ И СТРАТЕШКОГ ОДЛУЧИВАЊА
УЛОГА НАПРЕДНИХ РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИОНИХ СИСТЕМА У ОСТВАРИВАЊУ РАВНОТЕЖЕ ИЗМЕЂУ ИНТЕРНЕ КОНТРОЛЕ И СТРАТЕШКОГ ОДЛУЧИВАЊА
(THE ROLE OF ADVANCED ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ACHIEVING A BALANCE BETWEEN INTERNAL CONTROL AND STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING)
- Author(s):Ljiljana Tanasić, Teodor M. Petrović
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:469-494
- No. of Pages:26
- Keywords:accounting information systems; ERP; BI; internal control; strategic decisionmaking; digital transformation;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic analysis of scientific and professional literature published between 2020 and 2025, in order to examine the role of advanced Accounting Information Systems (AIS), with a particular emphasis on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Business Intelligence (BI) systems, in achieving a balance between operational control and strategic decision-making By integrating relevant theoretical frameworks and empirical findings, the paper explores the impact of AIS on enhancing the efficiency of managerial decision-making, increasing transparency and control, fostering organizational agility, and aligning control mechanisms with the strategic objectives of the enterprise. Special attention is given to digital transformation and the influence of modern technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data analytics, on the functionality and strategic role of AIS in generating information for managerial purposes and assessing its reliability for planning and control. The presented data confirm that modern AIS are no longer solely tools for financial reporting but have become key enablers of strategic decision-making and risk management, thereby transforming accounting into an integrated center of business intelligence. The effective implementation of these systems requires a holistic approach that encompasses technical capabilities, organizational structures, and the human factor. In doing so, it contributes to greater operational efficiency, transparency, and regulatory compliance, while simultaneously strengthening the role of the accountant as a strategic advisor.
- Price: 10.00 €
РЕЛЕВАНТНОСТ РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИЈА ЗА ПОТРЕБЕ МЕНАЏМЕНТА КАО КВАЛИТАТИВНА КАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ХИБРИДНОГ МОДЕЛА ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
РЕЛЕВАНТНОСТ РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНИХ ИНФОРМАЦИЈА ЗА ПОТРЕБЕ МЕНАЏМЕНТА КАО КВАЛИТАТИВНА КАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ХИБРИДНОГ МОДЕЛА ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
(RELEVANCE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT NEEDS AS A QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE HYBRID MODEL OF FINANCIAL REPORTING IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Babić, Miroslav Brkić
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):National Economy, Accounting - Business Administration, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:495-513
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:financial statements; hybrid financial reporting model; historical cost concept; fair value concept; fundamental qualitative characteristics relating to useful financial information; relevance;
- Summary/Abstract:Contemporary financial reporting represents a hybrid model that combines two fundamental concepts: the historical cost accounting concept and the fair value accounting concept. In the Republic of Srpska, the regulatory framework mandates the full application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which inherently incorporate elements of both concepts. For small and medium-sized entities, the application of the International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs) is prescribed, wherein the fair value concept is present to a lesser extent. Both concepts ‒ historical cost and fair value ‒ when observed individually, generate financial information with varying degrees of usefulness for different categories of financial statement users. To ensure that such information is useful to users of financial statements, it is necessary for it to incorporate the fundamental qualitative characteristics ‒ relevance and faithful representation. Accordingly, the paper identifies and analyzes the structure of business entities in the Republic of Srpska according to their size, as well as their preferences in terms of the two aforementioned financial reporting concepts. Based on a selected sample, the paper also analyzes the fundamental characteristic of the relevance of financial information for the needs of company management. The analysis is conducted using data from the most recently available financial statements of business entities for the year 2024.
- Price: 10.00 €
УТИЦАЈ ПРАВА ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА НА ДРУШТВЕНУ ОДГОВОРНОСТ КОМПАНИЈА
УТИЦАЈ ПРАВА ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА НА ДРУШТВЕНУ ОДГОВОРНОСТ КОМПАНИЈА
(THE IMPACT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LAW ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY)
- Author(s):Stefan Blagojević
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration, Business Ethics, Sociology of Law, Green Transformation
- Page Range:515-532
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:ESG; corporate sustainability; foundations of sustainable corporate governance; corporate liability for human rights violations; corporate duty of care;
- Summary/Abstract:In contemporary circumstances, where energy transition is understood as a shift towards renewable energy sources in order to preserve the environment, there are differing opinions on whether economic needs, as was the case in the past, should guide the transformation process, or whether the focus should rather be on social and ethical ideas. Accordingly, two developmental directions are noticeable, intertwining and influencing companies in the context of sustainability. The first is the obligation of companies to declare their corporate purpose, which is no longer limited solely to the profit function. The second is the introduction of a statutory duty to exercise appropriate due diligence in line with sustainability requirements and corporate purpose. Corporate social responsibility in business implies success measured not only by achieved financial performance, but also by monitoring the impact of applied technologies and business processes on the environment and the wider community. Members of corporate bodies are expected to promote long-term business results by considering an open list of stakeholders’ interests and applying a redefined due diligence standard. Today, ESG standards represent an unavoidable reality, which requires the creation of new business models. It is necessary to promote those companies that take care of environmental protection in order to achieve sustainable economic development. At the same time, an important part of the sustainable development law agenda remains the debate on the duties of directors and companies with respect to human rights and environmental risks.
- Price: 10.00 €
ЕКОЛОШКА СВЕСТ СТУДЕНАТА КАО ФАКТОР ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА
ЕКОЛОШКА СВЕСТ СТУДЕНАТА КАО ФАКТОР ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА
(STUDENTS’ ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AS A DRIVER OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT)
- Author(s):Ljiljana Suručić, Marija Jungić, Jana Đekić, Dejana Pilipović, Vesna Vulić, Elena Kukić, Aleksandra Lakić, Maja Cvijetić
- Language:Bosnian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Environmental interactions, Human Resources in Economy, Green Transformation
- Page Range:531-542
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:sustainable development; environmental awareness; carbon footprint;
- Summary/Abstract:Sustainable development requires active individual engagement, particularly among students as future change-makers. This study examined the environmental awareness of medical students enrolled in the Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory Diagnostics study programs through an interactive workshop that introduced key ecological concepts. Focusing on the ecological footprint as a measure of individual impact, participants used the ClimateHero calculator to analyze their energy consumption, travel habits, and dietary choices. The exercise revealed how daily decisions ‒ though seemingly small ‒ collectively shape planetary health. While single actions may appear insignificant, their cumulative effect is critical for reducing CO₂ emissions and conserving resources. Results highlight the need for continuous environmental education. As future professionals and decision-makers, students play a pivotal role in advancing sustainable practices. Change begins with awareness, and initiatives like this workshop can catalyze broader societal transformation toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
- Price: 10.00 €
